The Experts below are selected from a list of 11220 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Zhihai Lei - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Postnatal developmental of Neuromedin S and its receptor in the male Xiaomeishan pig Reproductive Axis.
Animal reproduction science, 2017Co-Authors: Yangyang Zhao, Yuan Yao, Zhihai Lei, Mengmeng Jin, Cuicui Jia, Zheng ZhangAbstract:Abstract Neuromedin S (NMS) has been identified as an endogenous ligand for FM-3/GPR66 and FM-4/TGR-1 which are NMU receptors NMUR1 and NMUR2, respectively. The NMS molecule is present in some peripheral tissues and the central nervous system (CNS), and it had been documented that NMS has fundamental and important roles in multiple physiological functions and processes such as circadian rhythm, energy balance, feeding behavior, stress responses and reproduction. The possible role of NMS in sexual development postnatally, however, is still obscure. This study aims to determine the change of NMS and its receptor gene expression in the Reproductive Axis of male Xiaomeishan pigs, postnatally. Firstly, the cDNA of the NMS and its receptors was cloned and sequenced. The results showed that there was a lack of 12 amino acids in the C-terminal of the male Xiaomeishan pig NMS amino-acid sequences compared with other animal species, but the main protein structure of prepro-NMS was high in homology. In addition, the nucleotide sequence and amino acids of the male Xiaomeishan pig’s NMUR1 and NMUR2 had high homology. The NMS and NMUR2 mRNA in the male Xiaomeishan pig was detected in the Reproductive Axis at postnatal development stages, including postnatal day 3, 30, 60, 90 and 120, using real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. The data showed that there were developmental changes in NMS and NMUR2 in the Reproductive Axis of the male Xiaomeishan pigs, postnatally, which suggested that NMS and NMUR2 might have a role in the development of the boar Reproductive Axis, but its regulatory mechanism remains to be elucidated.
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Neuromedin B and Its Receptor: Gene Cloning, Tissue Distribution and Expression Levels of the Reproductive Axis in Pigs.
PloS one, 2016Co-Authors: Tingting Guo, Zhihai Lei, Mengmeng Jin, Cuicui Jia, Yuanlong Hou, Zheng ZhangAbstract:Neuromedin B is one member of a family of bombesin-like peptides, which performs a variety of physiological functions via their receptor (NMBR) in most mammals. However, the genes encoding NMB and NMBR and their functions especially reproduction of the pigs are currently not fully understood. To research the physiological functions of NMB, we cloned and analyzed the NMB and NMBR genes, and systematically investigated the expression levels of NMB and NMBR mRNA using relative real-time PCR and the distribution of NMBR by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Experimental results show that the sequences of the amino acid and gene of NMB and NMBR were highly conservative and homology in many species, Significantly, the relative RT-PCR results revealed that NMB was mainly expressed in the central nervous system (CNS), whereas NMBR is highly expressed in peripheral tissues and organs, such as endocrine tissues, glands and Reproductive organs. The IHC results show that NMBR positive cells were widely distributed in the body, such as respiratory and circulatory system, digestive system, urogenital system, in lymphatic organs and in the endocrine system. We also systematically investigated expression levels of NMB and NMBR in the Reproductive Axis using relative real-time PCR. In sow estrous cycle, the hypothalamic levels of both NMB and NMBR mRAN were similar, but the expression levels of the pituitary were negatively correlated. Expression levels in the ovarian system are lowest in metestrus phases and highest in proestrus and estrus phases. In boar post-natal development stages, the hypothalamic, pituitary and testicular levels of NMB and NMBR mRNAs showed developmental changes on postnatal day 30, 60, 90 and 120. Taken together, this study provided molecular and morphological data necessary for further research of physiological function of NMB/NMBR system in the pigs.
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Developmental changes in the role of gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) and its receptors in the Reproductive Axis of male Xiaomeishan pigs.
Animal reproduction science, 2015Co-Authors: Lucheng Zheng, Zhihai Lei, Mengmeng Jin, Rui Fang, Yuanlong Hou, Tingting GuoAbstract:Abstract Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH), a key regulator of vertebrate reproduction, was identified in the Japanese quail in 2000, and RFamide-related peptide-3 (RFRP-3) was found to be a mammalian GnIH ortholog. To further determine its role in the Reproductive system of male Xiaomeishan pigs, we systematically investigated changes in GnIH and its receptors (GPR147 and GPR74) during the development of the Reproductive Axis of male pigs. We also investigated the direct effect of RFRP-3 on the synthesis and secretion of testosterone in Leydig cells in vitro . The expression patterns of GnIH in the Reproductive Axis of male pigs at different stages of development (postnatal 3, 30, 60, 90, and 120D) were studied using semiquantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Our results show that hypothalamic, pituitary and testicular levels of GnIH and its receptors mRNA significantly changed on postnatal day 30 and postnatal day 90. The immunoreactivities of the GnIH proteins were mainly localized to the spermatogenic cells, sustentacular cells and interstitial cells of the testis throughout sexual development. It was confirmed that different doses of GnIH/RFRP-3 inhibited the release and synthesis of testosterone, and impacted on the gene expression of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) and P450, enzymes that play a key role in the synthesis of testosterone. Together, this research provides molecular and morphological data on the regulation of GnIH in the Reproductive development of male pigs.
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The effects of RFRP-3, the mammalian ortholog of GnIH, on the female pig Reproductive Axis in vitro
Molecular and cellular endocrinology, 2013Co-Authors: Rui Fang, Zhihai Lei, Mengmeng Jin, Lucheng Zheng, Ruipeng Lei, Xiaoye Wang, Yang Jiao, Yuanlong HouAbstract:RFamide-related peptide-3 (RFRP-3) has been proposed as a key inhibitory regulator of mammalian reproduction. To further determine the potential mechanisms and sites of action of RFRP-3, we systematically investigated the direct effect of RFRP-3 on the female pig Reproductive Axis in vitro. Initially, we confirmed that G protein-coupled receptor 147 (GPR147) was distributed in isolated hypothalamic, anterior pituitary and ovarian granulosa cells, suggesting that RFRP-3 could act on these cells in vitro. Subsequently, the direct effects of RFRP-3 on hormone and steroid secretion, the synthesis of subunit genes and the expression of proteins related to proliferation in the hypothalamus, pituitary and ovary were evaluated. Our results demonstrate that different doses of RFRP-3 inhibited the release and synthesis of gonadotrophin releasing hormone, gonadotrophin and steroid hormones and impacted the relative gene expression of KISS1 and GnRHR and the protein expression of cyclin B1, PCNA and ERK 1/2.
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Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) and its receptor in the female pig: cDNA cloning, expression in tissues and expression pattern in the Reproductive Axis during the estrous cycle.
Peptides, 2012Co-Authors: Zhihai Lei, Yangyang Zhao, Mengmeng Jin, Lucheng Zheng, Rui Fang, Yang JiaoAbstract:Since its discovery, gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) has appeared to act as a key neuropeptide in the control of vertebrate reproduction. GnIH acts via the novel G protein-coupled receptor 147 (GPR147) to inhibit gonadotropin release and synthesis. To determine the physiological functions of GnIH in the pig, a study was conducted to clone and sequence the cDNA of the GnIH precursor and GPR147. Our results demonstrated that the cloned pig GnIH precursor cDNA encoded three LPXRF and that its receptor possessed typical transmembrane features. Subsequently, tissue expression studies revealed that GnIH was mainly expressed in the brain, corresponding largely with the tissue expression patterns of GPR147 in the pig. The expression patterns in the Reproductive Axis of the female pig across the estrous cycle were also systemically investigated. The hypothalamic levels of both GnIH and its receptor mRNA were lowest in estrus and peaked in the proestrus and diestrus phases. The highest pituitary GnIH mRNA level was detected in the metestrus, and its receptor displayed a somewhat similar pattern of expression to that of the ligand. However, the expression patterns of GnIH and GPR147 were negatively correlated in the ovary. Immunolocalization in the ovary during the estrous cycle revealed that the immunoreactivities of GnIH and GPR147 were mainly localized in the granulosa and theca cells of the antral follicles during proestrus and estrus and in the luteal cells during metestrus and diestrus. Taken together, this research provided molecular and morphological data for further study of GnIH in the pig.
Mengmeng Jin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Postnatal developmental of Neuromedin S and its receptor in the male Xiaomeishan pig Reproductive Axis.
Animal reproduction science, 2017Co-Authors: Yangyang Zhao, Yuan Yao, Zhihai Lei, Mengmeng Jin, Cuicui Jia, Zheng ZhangAbstract:Abstract Neuromedin S (NMS) has been identified as an endogenous ligand for FM-3/GPR66 and FM-4/TGR-1 which are NMU receptors NMUR1 and NMUR2, respectively. The NMS molecule is present in some peripheral tissues and the central nervous system (CNS), and it had been documented that NMS has fundamental and important roles in multiple physiological functions and processes such as circadian rhythm, energy balance, feeding behavior, stress responses and reproduction. The possible role of NMS in sexual development postnatally, however, is still obscure. This study aims to determine the change of NMS and its receptor gene expression in the Reproductive Axis of male Xiaomeishan pigs, postnatally. Firstly, the cDNA of the NMS and its receptors was cloned and sequenced. The results showed that there was a lack of 12 amino acids in the C-terminal of the male Xiaomeishan pig NMS amino-acid sequences compared with other animal species, but the main protein structure of prepro-NMS was high in homology. In addition, the nucleotide sequence and amino acids of the male Xiaomeishan pig’s NMUR1 and NMUR2 had high homology. The NMS and NMUR2 mRNA in the male Xiaomeishan pig was detected in the Reproductive Axis at postnatal development stages, including postnatal day 3, 30, 60, 90 and 120, using real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. The data showed that there were developmental changes in NMS and NMUR2 in the Reproductive Axis of the male Xiaomeishan pigs, postnatally, which suggested that NMS and NMUR2 might have a role in the development of the boar Reproductive Axis, but its regulatory mechanism remains to be elucidated.
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Neuromedin B and Its Receptor: Gene Cloning, Tissue Distribution and Expression Levels of the Reproductive Axis in Pigs.
PloS one, 2016Co-Authors: Tingting Guo, Zhihai Lei, Mengmeng Jin, Cuicui Jia, Yuanlong Hou, Zheng ZhangAbstract:Neuromedin B is one member of a family of bombesin-like peptides, which performs a variety of physiological functions via their receptor (NMBR) in most mammals. However, the genes encoding NMB and NMBR and their functions especially reproduction of the pigs are currently not fully understood. To research the physiological functions of NMB, we cloned and analyzed the NMB and NMBR genes, and systematically investigated the expression levels of NMB and NMBR mRNA using relative real-time PCR and the distribution of NMBR by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Experimental results show that the sequences of the amino acid and gene of NMB and NMBR were highly conservative and homology in many species, Significantly, the relative RT-PCR results revealed that NMB was mainly expressed in the central nervous system (CNS), whereas NMBR is highly expressed in peripheral tissues and organs, such as endocrine tissues, glands and Reproductive organs. The IHC results show that NMBR positive cells were widely distributed in the body, such as respiratory and circulatory system, digestive system, urogenital system, in lymphatic organs and in the endocrine system. We also systematically investigated expression levels of NMB and NMBR in the Reproductive Axis using relative real-time PCR. In sow estrous cycle, the hypothalamic levels of both NMB and NMBR mRAN were similar, but the expression levels of the pituitary were negatively correlated. Expression levels in the ovarian system are lowest in metestrus phases and highest in proestrus and estrus phases. In boar post-natal development stages, the hypothalamic, pituitary and testicular levels of NMB and NMBR mRNAs showed developmental changes on postnatal day 30, 60, 90 and 120. Taken together, this study provided molecular and morphological data necessary for further research of physiological function of NMB/NMBR system in the pigs.
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Developmental changes in the role of gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) and its receptors in the Reproductive Axis of male Xiaomeishan pigs.
Animal reproduction science, 2015Co-Authors: Lucheng Zheng, Zhihai Lei, Mengmeng Jin, Rui Fang, Yuanlong Hou, Tingting GuoAbstract:Abstract Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH), a key regulator of vertebrate reproduction, was identified in the Japanese quail in 2000, and RFamide-related peptide-3 (RFRP-3) was found to be a mammalian GnIH ortholog. To further determine its role in the Reproductive system of male Xiaomeishan pigs, we systematically investigated changes in GnIH and its receptors (GPR147 and GPR74) during the development of the Reproductive Axis of male pigs. We also investigated the direct effect of RFRP-3 on the synthesis and secretion of testosterone in Leydig cells in vitro . The expression patterns of GnIH in the Reproductive Axis of male pigs at different stages of development (postnatal 3, 30, 60, 90, and 120D) were studied using semiquantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Our results show that hypothalamic, pituitary and testicular levels of GnIH and its receptors mRNA significantly changed on postnatal day 30 and postnatal day 90. The immunoreactivities of the GnIH proteins were mainly localized to the spermatogenic cells, sustentacular cells and interstitial cells of the testis throughout sexual development. It was confirmed that different doses of GnIH/RFRP-3 inhibited the release and synthesis of testosterone, and impacted on the gene expression of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) and P450, enzymes that play a key role in the synthesis of testosterone. Together, this research provides molecular and morphological data on the regulation of GnIH in the Reproductive development of male pigs.
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The effects of RFRP-3, the mammalian ortholog of GnIH, on the female pig Reproductive Axis in vitro
Molecular and cellular endocrinology, 2013Co-Authors: Rui Fang, Zhihai Lei, Mengmeng Jin, Lucheng Zheng, Ruipeng Lei, Xiaoye Wang, Yang Jiao, Yuanlong HouAbstract:RFamide-related peptide-3 (RFRP-3) has been proposed as a key inhibitory regulator of mammalian reproduction. To further determine the potential mechanisms and sites of action of RFRP-3, we systematically investigated the direct effect of RFRP-3 on the female pig Reproductive Axis in vitro. Initially, we confirmed that G protein-coupled receptor 147 (GPR147) was distributed in isolated hypothalamic, anterior pituitary and ovarian granulosa cells, suggesting that RFRP-3 could act on these cells in vitro. Subsequently, the direct effects of RFRP-3 on hormone and steroid secretion, the synthesis of subunit genes and the expression of proteins related to proliferation in the hypothalamus, pituitary and ovary were evaluated. Our results demonstrate that different doses of RFRP-3 inhibited the release and synthesis of gonadotrophin releasing hormone, gonadotrophin and steroid hormones and impacted the relative gene expression of KISS1 and GnRHR and the protein expression of cyclin B1, PCNA and ERK 1/2.
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Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) and its receptor in the female pig: cDNA cloning, expression in tissues and expression pattern in the Reproductive Axis during the estrous cycle.
Peptides, 2012Co-Authors: Zhihai Lei, Yangyang Zhao, Mengmeng Jin, Lucheng Zheng, Rui Fang, Yang JiaoAbstract:Since its discovery, gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) has appeared to act as a key neuropeptide in the control of vertebrate reproduction. GnIH acts via the novel G protein-coupled receptor 147 (GPR147) to inhibit gonadotropin release and synthesis. To determine the physiological functions of GnIH in the pig, a study was conducted to clone and sequence the cDNA of the GnIH precursor and GPR147. Our results demonstrated that the cloned pig GnIH precursor cDNA encoded three LPXRF and that its receptor possessed typical transmembrane features. Subsequently, tissue expression studies revealed that GnIH was mainly expressed in the brain, corresponding largely with the tissue expression patterns of GPR147 in the pig. The expression patterns in the Reproductive Axis of the female pig across the estrous cycle were also systemically investigated. The hypothalamic levels of both GnIH and its receptor mRNA were lowest in estrus and peaked in the proestrus and diestrus phases. The highest pituitary GnIH mRNA level was detected in the metestrus, and its receptor displayed a somewhat similar pattern of expression to that of the ligand. However, the expression patterns of GnIH and GPR147 were negatively correlated in the ovary. Immunolocalization in the ovary during the estrous cycle revealed that the immunoreactivities of GnIH and GPR147 were mainly localized in the granulosa and theca cells of the antral follicles during proestrus and estrus and in the luteal cells during metestrus and diestrus. Taken together, this research provided molecular and morphological data for further study of GnIH in the pig.
Silvia Zanuy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Photoperiod modulates the Reproductive Axis of European sea bass through regulation of kiss1 and gnrh2 neuronal expression.
General and comparative endocrinology, 2016Co-Authors: F. Espigares, Ana Rocha, Ana M. Gómez, Manuel Carrillo, Silvia ZanuyAbstract:The onset of puberty is characterized by activation of the brain-pituitary-gonad Axis. However, the molecular and endocrine mechanism involved in the process of puberty and the influence of environmental conditions, such as photoperiod signalling, are not well understood in fish. In this study, 1-year-old male European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) were exposed to photoperiod manipulation in combination with size-sorting. Two treatment groups, a puberty accelerating photoperiod (AP) group and a continuous light (LL) group, were studied from August to February. Our results indicate that AP and LL are able to entrain the rhythms of both kiss1 and gnrh2 mRNA levels in the brain, while kiss2 and gnrh1 mRNA expression does not seem to be directly affected by the photoperiod, at least during testicular growth. It is likely that AP and LL photoperiod regimes affected both plasma Fsh and 11-KT profiles, which might explain, respectively, the phase shift and reduction of testes maturation seen under these conditions. We therefore hypothesize that the unbalanced production of this androgen regulated by circulating Fsh might be limiting the stimulation of germ cell proliferation in European sea bass males. In summary, our study establishes that photoperiod modulates the expression of kiss1 and gnrh2 in the forebrain-midbrain, which may be involved in the translation of the light stimulus to activate the Reproductive Axis.
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Gonadotropin Inhibitory Hormone Down-Regulates the Brain-Pituitary Reproductive Axis of Male European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)
Biology of reproduction, 2016Co-Authors: José A. Paullada-salmerón, Mairi Cowan, María Aliaga-guerrero, Francesca Morano, Silvia Zanuy, José Antonio Muñoz-cuetoAbstract:Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) inhibits gonadotropin synthesis and release from the pituitary of birds and mammals. However, the physiological role of orthologous GnIH peptides on the Reproductive Axis of fish is still uncertain, and their actions on the main neuroendocrine systems controlling reproduction (i.e., GnRHs, kisspeptins) have received little attention. In a recent study performed in the European sea bass, we cloned a cDNA encoding a precursor polypeptide that contained C-terminal MPMRFamide (sbGnIH-1) and MPQRFamide (sbGnIH-2) peptide sequences, developed a specific antiserum against sbGnIH-2, and characterized its central and pituitary GnIH projections in this species. In this study, we analyzed the effects of intracerebroventricular injection of sbGnIH-1 and sbGnIH-2 on brain and pituitary expression of Reproductive hormone genes (gnrh1, gnrh2, gnrh3, kiss1, kiss2, gnih, lhbeta, fshbeta), and their receptors (gnrhr II-1a, gnrhr II-2b, kiss1r, kiss2r, and gnihr) as well as on plasma Fsh and Lh levels. In addition, we determined the effects of GnIH on pituitary somatotropin (Gh) expression. The results obtained revealed the inhibitory role of sbGnIH-2 on brain gnrh2, kiss1, kiss2, kiss1r, gnih, and gnihr transcripts and on pituitary fshbeta, lhbeta, gh, and gnrhr-II-1a expression, whereas sbGnIH-1 only down-regulated brain gnrh1 expression. However, at different doses, central administration of both sbGnIH-1 and sbGnIH-2 decreased Lh plasma levels. Our work represents the first study reporting the effects of centrally administered GnIH in fish and provides evidence of the differential actions of sbGnIH-1 and sbGnIH-2 on the Reproductive Axis of sea bass, the main inhibitory role being exerted by the sbGnIH-2 peptide.
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Photoperiodic Modulation of Circadian Clock and Reproductive Axis Gene Expression in the Pre-Pubertal European Sea Bass Brain.
PloS one, 2015Co-Authors: Rute S.t. Martins, Silvia Zanuy, Ana M. Gómez, Manuel Carrillo, Adelino V.m. CanarioAbstract:The acquisition of Reproductive competence requires the activation of the brain-pituitary-gonad (BPG) Axis, which in most vertebrates, including fishes, is initiated by changes in photoperiod. In the European sea bass long-term exposure to continuous light (LL) alters the rhythm of Reproductive hormones, delays spermatogenesis and reduces the incidence of precocious males. In contrast, an early shift from long to short photoperiod (AP) accelerates spermatogenesis. However, how photoperiod affects key genes in the brain to trigger the onset of puberty is still largely unknown. Here, we investigated if the integration of the light stimulus by clock proteins is sufficient to activate key genes that trigger the BPG Axis in the European sea bass. We found that the clock genes clock, npas2, bmal1 and the BPG genes gnrh, kiss and kissr share conserved transcription factor frameworks in their promoters, suggesting co-regulation. Other gene promoters of the BGP Axis were also predicted to be co-regulated by the same frameworks. Co-regulation was confirmed through gene expression analysis of brains from males exposed to LL or AP photoperiod compared to natural conditions: LL fish had suppressed gnrh1, kiss2, galr1b and esr1, while AP fish had stimulated npas2, gnrh1, gnrh2, kiss2, kiss1rb and galr1b compared to NP. It is concluded that fish exposed to different photoperiods present significant expression differences in some clock and Reproductive Axis related genes well before the first detectable endocrine and morphological responses of the BPG Axis.
Zheng Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Postnatal developmental of Neuromedin S and its receptor in the male Xiaomeishan pig Reproductive Axis.
Animal reproduction science, 2017Co-Authors: Yangyang Zhao, Yuan Yao, Zhihai Lei, Mengmeng Jin, Cuicui Jia, Zheng ZhangAbstract:Abstract Neuromedin S (NMS) has been identified as an endogenous ligand for FM-3/GPR66 and FM-4/TGR-1 which are NMU receptors NMUR1 and NMUR2, respectively. The NMS molecule is present in some peripheral tissues and the central nervous system (CNS), and it had been documented that NMS has fundamental and important roles in multiple physiological functions and processes such as circadian rhythm, energy balance, feeding behavior, stress responses and reproduction. The possible role of NMS in sexual development postnatally, however, is still obscure. This study aims to determine the change of NMS and its receptor gene expression in the Reproductive Axis of male Xiaomeishan pigs, postnatally. Firstly, the cDNA of the NMS and its receptors was cloned and sequenced. The results showed that there was a lack of 12 amino acids in the C-terminal of the male Xiaomeishan pig NMS amino-acid sequences compared with other animal species, but the main protein structure of prepro-NMS was high in homology. In addition, the nucleotide sequence and amino acids of the male Xiaomeishan pig’s NMUR1 and NMUR2 had high homology. The NMS and NMUR2 mRNA in the male Xiaomeishan pig was detected in the Reproductive Axis at postnatal development stages, including postnatal day 3, 30, 60, 90 and 120, using real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. The data showed that there were developmental changes in NMS and NMUR2 in the Reproductive Axis of the male Xiaomeishan pigs, postnatally, which suggested that NMS and NMUR2 might have a role in the development of the boar Reproductive Axis, but its regulatory mechanism remains to be elucidated.
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Neuromedin B and Its Receptor: Gene Cloning, Tissue Distribution and Expression Levels of the Reproductive Axis in Pigs.
PloS one, 2016Co-Authors: Tingting Guo, Zhihai Lei, Mengmeng Jin, Cuicui Jia, Yuanlong Hou, Zheng ZhangAbstract:Neuromedin B is one member of a family of bombesin-like peptides, which performs a variety of physiological functions via their receptor (NMBR) in most mammals. However, the genes encoding NMB and NMBR and their functions especially reproduction of the pigs are currently not fully understood. To research the physiological functions of NMB, we cloned and analyzed the NMB and NMBR genes, and systematically investigated the expression levels of NMB and NMBR mRNA using relative real-time PCR and the distribution of NMBR by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Experimental results show that the sequences of the amino acid and gene of NMB and NMBR were highly conservative and homology in many species, Significantly, the relative RT-PCR results revealed that NMB was mainly expressed in the central nervous system (CNS), whereas NMBR is highly expressed in peripheral tissues and organs, such as endocrine tissues, glands and Reproductive organs. The IHC results show that NMBR positive cells were widely distributed in the body, such as respiratory and circulatory system, digestive system, urogenital system, in lymphatic organs and in the endocrine system. We also systematically investigated expression levels of NMB and NMBR in the Reproductive Axis using relative real-time PCR. In sow estrous cycle, the hypothalamic levels of both NMB and NMBR mRAN were similar, but the expression levels of the pituitary were negatively correlated. Expression levels in the ovarian system are lowest in metestrus phases and highest in proestrus and estrus phases. In boar post-natal development stages, the hypothalamic, pituitary and testicular levels of NMB and NMBR mRNAs showed developmental changes on postnatal day 30, 60, 90 and 120. Taken together, this study provided molecular and morphological data necessary for further research of physiological function of NMB/NMBR system in the pigs.
Osvaldo J. Ponzo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Low dose of bisphenol A impairs the Reproductive Axis of prepuberal male rats
Journal of physiology and biochemistry, 2013Co-Authors: Juan Manuel Gámez, Nancy Cardoso, Osvaldo J. Ponzo, Silvia Carbone, Pablo Scacchi, Romina Penalba, Matías Pandolfi, Roxana ReynosoAbstract:The objective of the present work was to study the effect of a low dose of bisphenol A (BPA), on the Reproductive Axis of prepuberal male rats exposed to the endocrine disruptor (ED) during gestation and lactation period. Wistar-mated rats were treated with either 0.1 % ethanol or BPA in their drinking water until their offspring were weaned at the age of 21 days. The estimated average dose of exposure to dams was approximately 3 μg/kg/day of BPA. The pups were sacrificed on the 35th day of life. Body weight was measured during the development and at the moment of the sacrifice; testicular and seminal vesicles weight and their respective relative weights were also measured. LH, FSH and testosterone were determined and histological studies of testicular tissue were also performed. Body weight at the moment of the sacrifice was significantly higher in the group exposed to BPA; testicular weight decreased significantly; seminal vesicles weight and relative weights of testes and seminal vesicles were not modified by treatment. LH and FSH serum levels increased significantly after treatment, meanwhile testosterone showed no significant changes. Histological studies showed the lumen of seminal tubes reduced by the presence of immature cells of the spermatic lineage. Our results suggest that pre- and early postnatal exposure to a low dose of BPA disrupts the normal function of the Reproductive Axis in prepuberal male rats. The effects of the ED may be exerted at different levels of the Axis and may be dependent on the dose, manner of administration, and the moment of exposure to the disruptor.
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Leptin inhibits the Reproductive Axis in adult male Syrian hamsters exposed to long and short photoperiod.
Reproductive biology, 2013Co-Authors: Verónica Boggio, Pablo Scacchi, Rodolfo A. Cutrera, S. Carbone, Osvaldo J. PonzoAbstract:The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of acute leptin treatment of adult Syrian hamsters exposed to a long (LP, eugonadal males) and short photoperiod (SP, hypogonadal males). Animals were exposed to LP (L:D 14:10) or SP (L:D 10:14) for 10 weeks. Afterwards, both LP and SP hamsters were allocated to a control (SP-C, LP-C) or leptin-treated group (SP 3, SP 10, SP 30 or LP3, LP 10, LP 30). One hour before sacrifice, a single dose of leptin (3, 10 or 30 μg/kg) or vehicle was administered (i.p.) to the males. Testis weight, serum and pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH) concentrations, as well as the hypothalamic concentration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) were recorded. Histological analysis of the testis was performed and GnRH concentration in the culture medium of hypothalamic explants was examined. A dramatic regression of testicular weight and histological atrophy of seminiferous tubules, as well as a decrease in serum and pituitary LH concentrations were found in SP males. All doses of leptin significantly reduced serum LH levels and medium GnRH concentrations in both photoperiod groups. Pituitary LH and hypothalamic GnRH concentrations were not affected by leptin. In conclusion, we demonstrated that leptin inhibited the Reproductive Axis of Syrian male hamsters exposed to LP and SP and fed ad libitum.
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Reproductive Axis response to repeated lipopolysaccharide administration in peripubertal female rats.
Journal of physiology and biochemistry, 2010Co-Authors: Nancy Cardoso, Pablo Arias, Berta Szwarcfarb, Osvaldo J. Ponzo, Silvia Carbone, Jaime A. Moguilevsky, Pablo Scacchi, Roxana ReynosoAbstract:Immune system disorders are often accompanied by alterations in the Reproductive Axis. Several reports have shown that administration of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has central inflammatory effects and activates cytokine release in the hypothalamus where the luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (Gn-RH) neurons are located. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of repeated LPS administration on the neuroendocrine mechanisms of control of the Reproductive Axis in peripubertal female rats (30-day-old rats). With this aim, LPS (50 μg/kg weight) was administered to the animals during 25, 27 and 29 days of age and sacrificed on 30 day of life. Gn-RH, γ−amino butyric acid (GABA) and glutamic acid (GLU), two amino acids involved in the regulation of Gn-RH secretion, hypothalamic content were measured. LH and estradiol serum levels were also determined and the day of vaginal opening examined. The results showed a significant increase in Gn-RH and GLU content (p < 0.0001), shared by a reduction of GABA one (p < 0.0001). LH and estradiol serum levels were decreased (p < 0.01, p < 0.001) and delay in the day of vaginal opening was also observed in treated animals. Present results show that repeated LPS administration impaired Reproductive function, modifying the neuroendocrine mechanisms of control of the Axis in peripubertal female rats.
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Effect of Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide on the Reproductive Axis of Prepubertal and Peripubertal Female Rats
Neuroimmunomodulation, 2008Co-Authors: Roxana Reynoso, Nancy Cardoso, Berta Szwarcfarb, Osvaldo J. Ponzo, Silvia Carbone, Jaime A. Moguilevsky, Pablo ScacchiAbstract:The immune, endocrine and nervous systems are closely interrelated, which allows the organism to respond to different types of stress such as infection. Chronic infectious and inflammatory conditions are often accompanied by an impaired Reproductive function. Leptin, a hormone produced by adipose tissue, exerts a regulatory function on the Reproductive Axis. It has homology with other proinflammatory cytokines and could be modified by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Therefore, these studies were designed to investigate the effect of LPS administration on the neuroendocrine mechanisms involved in the regulation of the Reproductive Axis during sexual maturation. Fifteen- and 30-day-old female rats were injected with a single dose of LPS 250 µg/kg (i.p.) and then nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity, hypothalamic excitatory/inhibitory amino acids and Gn-RH content, serum LH and leptin concentration were studied. In 15-day-old female rats LPS treatment did not modify hypothalamic inducible (iNOS) and constitutive (cNOS) NOS activity, Gn-RH, glutamate (GLU) and GABA content. Also serum LH and leptin levels were not modified. In 30-day-old rats LPS increased iNOS and cNOS activity (p
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Low dose 4-MBC effect on neuroendocrine regulation of Reproductive Axis in adult male rats.
Environmental toxicology and pharmacology, 2008Co-Authors: Maria E. Carou, Berta Szwarcfarb, Osvaldo J. Ponzo, Silvia Carbone, Jaime A. Moguilevsky, Roxana Reynoso, Romina P. Cardozo Gutierrez, Maria L. Deguiz, Pablo ScacchiAbstract:Abstract 4-Methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC) is an ultraviolet absorbent. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the effect of 4-MBC low-dose exposure on the neuroendocrine Reproductive regulation in male rats. Wistar male adult rats were injected sc. with 4-MBC during 5 days with a dose of 2 and 10 mg/kg or during 2 days with a dose of 2 and 20 mg/kg. In all rats serum prolactin, LH and FSH concentration were assayed. The hypothalamus of rats injected during 2 days were also dissected to study GnRH release. Rats that received 2 and 10 mg/kg of 4-MBC during 5 days showed a decrease in the LH and FSH serum concentration. In rats injected during 2 days, serum LH decreased with 2 and 20 mg/kg and FSH decreased with 2 mg/kg of 4-MBC. In vitro hypothalamic GnRH release also decreased in these animals. These results show that low doses of 4-MBC inhibit the Reproductive Axis in adult male rats.
