The Experts below are selected from a list of 2556 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Luigi Frusciante - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
valorising faba bean Residual Biomass effect of farming system and planting time on the potential for biofuel production
Biomass & Bioenergy, 2017Co-Authors: Leonardo D Gomez, Maria Raffaella Ercolano, Anna Andolfi, Rachael Simister, Carlo Borrelli, Simon J Mcqueenmason, Luigi Frusciante, Carmine Amalfitano, Silvano Somma, Antonio CucinielloAbstract:Research was carried out in southern Italy with the aim to assess the quality of faba bean Residual Biomass and its potential for biorefinery application. Faba bean is a sustainable crop, due to its ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen, and a large amount of Biomass remains after harvest which can be valorised for energy production. Greenhouse and early planting are known to affect pod yield and, in this respect, even the Residual Biomass quality needs to be assessed. For this purpose, the effects of five planting times (i.e. the dates of transplants ranging from 27 September to 22 November at two-week interval, earlier and later than the common planting date of 25 October in Naples province) on pods yield, Residual Biomass, and saccharification potential were evaluated in faba bean grown in open field and in greenhouse. The third planting time resulted in the highest fruit and Residual Biomass yield under greenhouse, whereas the fourth was the best in open field. Harvest index was best affected by the third and fourth planting times in open field. Greenhouse grown Biomass showed higher values of lignin, hemicellulose and pectin, compared to open field, whereas the opposite trend was recorded with cellulose. Lignin content showed a gradual decrease from the first to the last planting time (17.7%–13.7% Biomass fraction respectively), as well as pectin (from 14.1 to 11.5% Biomass fraction); conversely, cellulose increased from the first to the last planting time (from 41.1 to 48.7% Biomass fraction). Glucose was the most represented monosaccharide (46.7 mol%), followed by xylose (27.4 mol%) and galactose (9.9 mol%). Overall, the potential of faba bean Residual Biomass for energy production was best affected by open field growing, the latest planting time and alkali pre-treatment, the latter giving the highest value of saccharification (60.7 g kg−1 h−1 compared to 27.6 relevant to hot water pre-treatment).
-
exploring tomato solanum pennellii introgression lines for Residual Biomass and enzymatic digestibility traits
BMC Genetics, 2016Co-Authors: Gianluca Caruso, Leonardo D Gomez, Anna Andolfi, Rachael Simister, Simon J Mcqueenmason, A Evidente, Francesca Ferriello, C Borgonuovo, Domenico Carputo, Luigi FruscianteAbstract:Background Residual Biomass production for fuel conversion represents a unique opportunity to avoid concerns about compromising food supply by using dedicated feedstock crops. Developing tomato varieties suitable for both food consumption and fuel conversion requires the establishment of new selection methods.
-
Additional file 1: Table S1. of Exploring tomato Solanum pennellii introgression lines for Residual Biomass and enzymatic digestibility traits
2016Co-Authors: Gianluca Caruso, Leonardo D Gomez, Anna Andolfi, Rachael Simister, A Evidente, Francesca Ferriello, C Borgonuovo, Domenico Carputo, Simon J. Mcqueen-mason, Luigi FruscianteAbstract:Fruit yield and harvest index of 37 tomato introgression lines. Table S2. Residual Biomass and leaf area of tomato introgression lines. (DOCX 113Â kb)
-
Residual Biomass saccharification in processing tomato is affected by cultivar and nitrogen fertilization
Biomass & Bioenergy, 2015Co-Authors: Maria Raffaella Ercolano, Leonardo D Gomez, Anna Andolfi, Rachael Simister, Ciro Troise, G Angelino, Carlo Borrelli, Simon J Mcqueenmason, A Evidente, Luigi FruscianteAbstract:Abstract Two processing tomato hybrids and five N fertilization rates were evaluated regarding their Biomass, fruit yield, and saccharification potential. Although no difference was detected between the hybrids, both for fruit and Residual Biomass yield, 106 kg ha −1 N fertilization rate showed the highest fruit mass and 186 kg ha −1 resulted in the highest Residual Biomass production. The Biomass in the hybrid Kero had higher content of total and crystalline cellulose compared to Defender. N fertilization significantly changed Biomass composition. Eighty kg ha −1 N led to the highest lignin, hemicellulose and pectin content, whereas the 159 kg ha −1 applications caused the highest percentage of total and crystalline cellulose. Xylose was the most abundant monosaccharide in hemicelluloses, whereas fucose was the lest abundant. The hybrid Kero gave higher ethanol potential production than Defender and both hybrids reached the highest values under 159 kg ha −1 of N. Alkali pre-treatment caused the highest values of saccharification and hot water the lowest. The hybrid Kero showed higher saccharification potential than Defender and 159 kg ha −1 N fertilization rate led to the best results. We show that tomato Residual Biomass is an interesting lignocellulosic feedstock for ethanol production and both hybrid and nitrogen fertilization rate significantly affects the Biomass chemical composition and saccharification potential of the Residual Biomass.
B Velazquezmarti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
quantification based on dimensionless dendrometry and drying of Residual Biomass from the pruning of orange trees in bolivar province ecuador
Biofuels Bioproducts and Biorefining, 2016Co-Authors: B Velazquezmarti, Juan Gaiborchavez, Sergio PerezpachecoAbstract:In this work, a new approach to evaluating the amount of Residual Biomass obtained from orange trees based on normalization of variables is proposed for Bolivar province, Ecuador. So far, several models to quantify the amount of residues obtained from pruning have been proposed from dendrometric and cultivation variables, such as height, crown diameter, stem diameter, area per plant, yield, and age. However, the high dispersion of their values, caused by uncontrolled conditions, gave models with a low-medium coefficient of determination. The aim of this work has been to develop several models in order to predict wet available Biomass using dimensionless dendrometric parameters from height, diameter and height of the crown, and the stem height. They improved the coefficients of determination to 0.94 for the global mathematical model. The drying process of pruned materials has also been analyzed. Residual Biomass with 50% initial moisture content was dried outdoors on cement and agricultural soil until it reached constant moisture content. Models used to describe the drying process of agricultural products were employed to fit the observed data of the drying process of orange tree chips. Among the tested models, the Midili and Page models were those that best fitted the observed data in the drying process. The information offered by these equations is of vital importance because they help estimate the amount of Biomass that is generated in a given area, and the implementation geographic information system (GIS) maps. In addition, logistic algorithms can be applied. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
-
available Residual Biomass obtained from pruning morus alba l trees cultivated in urban forest
Renewable Energy, 2013Co-Authors: B Velazquezmarti, M Sajdak, Isabel LopezcortesAbstract:Large quantity of Residual Biomass with possible energy and industrial end can be obtained from management operations of urban forests. The profitability of exploiting these resources is conditioned by the amount of existing Biomass within urban community ecosystems. This research was focused on direct and indirect quantification of lignocellulosic waste from urban tree pruning of Morus alba, which is widely deployed as ornamental vegetation in Mediterranean countries. The mean quantity of dried pruned Biomass obtained in street and park location was 31.67 kg/tree and 77.78 kg/tree with standard deviation 16.88 kg/tree and 29.51 kg/tree, respectively. Mathematical models for predicting the available amount of pruning residues for this species were developed from easily measurable dendrometric parameters, such as diameter at breast height, crown diameter and total tree height. The best functions were obtained when several variables were combined in quadratics models. R2 was 0.96 for topping type of pruning practice and street location, and 0.88 in maintenance pruning applied in park areas. Good results were also found when correlating apparent crown volume with kilograms of yielded residues. These models can be used for urban inventories and the application of logistic models. The analysis indicates that an abundant amount of Residual Biomass originating from pruning operations of ornamental species can be used to achieve ecological and energy targets.
-
Residual Biomass calculation from individual tree architecture using terrestrial laser scanner and ground level measurements
Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 2013Co-Authors: A Fernandezsarria, B Velazquezmarti, M Sajdak, L Martinez, Javier EstornellAbstract:Highlights? Biomass removed from pruning could be used as source of renewable energy. ? The amount of this Residual Biomass has been quantified for Platanus hispanica. ? Models for Residual Biomass estimation were developed from dendrometric parameters obtained by TLS. Large quantity of Residual Biomass with possible energy and industrial end can be obtained from management operations of urban forests. The profitability of exploiting this resource is conditioned by the amount of existing Biomass within urban community ecosystems. Prior research pointed out that Residual Biomass from Platanus hispanica and other tree species can be calculated from dendrometric parameters. In this study, two approaches have been analyzed: First, applicability of TLS was tested for Residual Biomass calculation from crown volume. In addition, traditional models for Residual Biomass prediction were developed from dendrometric parameters (tree height, crown diameter, and diameter at breast height). Next, a comparison between parameters obtained with both methodologies (standard methodologies vs TLS) was carried out. The results indicate a strong relationship (R2=0.906) between crown diameters and between total tree heights (R2=0.868). The crown volumes extracted from the TLS point cloud were calculated by 4 different methods: convex hull; convex hull by slices of 5cm height in the XY plane; triangulation by XY flat sections, and voxel modeling. The highest accuracy was found when the voxel method was used for pruned Biomass prediction (R2=0.731). The results revealed the potential of TLS data to determine dendrometric parameters and Biomass yielded from pruning quitar of urban forests.
-
mechanized methods for harvesting Residual Biomass from mediterranean fruit tree cultivations
Scientia Agricola, 2012Co-Authors: B Velazquezmarti, E Fernandezgonzalez, A J Callejonferre, Javier EstornellcremadesAbstract:This study evaluates the technology and work systems used in order to harvest Residual Biomass from pruning in the specific conditions of Mediterranean fruit orchards (narrow distances between crop-rows). Harvesting has been divided into several types of operations - pruning, Biomass alignment between crop tracks, Biomass concentration in piles, chipping and bundling - which have been analyzed in five Mediterranean cultivations for three years. Altogether, three types of pruning have been analyzed: Manual, previous mechanical followed by manual, and fully mechanical; Two types of alignment: Manual and mechanical; Three concentration systems: Manual, tractor with a rake and a forwarder; Four chipping work organization systems: chipper driven inside orchard and manually fed by operators, mobile chipper driven inside orchard with pick-up header, mobile chipper fed by means of mechanical crane, chipper mounted on a truck fed by means of mechanical crane, which was working in a fixed position in a border of the plot after wood concentration. Also two bundling organization systems were checked: bundler machine working in a fixed position after wood concentration and working inside the plot driven among the crops. Previous concentration of the materials was the best alternative for their chipping or bundling in the studied conditions. Regression models have been calculated to predict the time of work of machinery and labor for each alternative. These equations were used to implement logistic planning as the Borvemar model, which defines a logistics network for supplying bio-energy systems.
-
quantification of the Residual Biomass obtained from pruning of vineyards in mediterranean area
Biomass & Bioenergy, 2011Co-Authors: B Velazquezmarti, E Fernandezgonzalez, Isabel Lopezcortes, D M SalazarhernandezAbstract:Abstract This research quantified the available Residual Biomass obtained from pruning vines stock. The additional Biomass quantified could be used as a source of energy or as raw material for the wood industry and would provide additional income for fruit producers and also a more sustainable system. Several factors were analyzed: Variety, aim of the pruning, age of the plants, size of the plantation, crop yield and irrigation. Regression models were also calculated to predict the weight of dry Biomass, obtained per tree and tonnes of dry Biomass obtained per hectare, according to the significant factors. These equations could implement logistic planning as the Borvemar model, which defines a logistics network for supplying bio-energy systems. The results show that the shape of the structure of plantation has a strong influence on the quantity of Biomass produced, and therefore on the quantity of pruning material. In the vineyards cultivated for fresh grape production, the horizontal trellis produces 3.5 kg/tree and 4.2 t/ha, the more dry matter per vine tree than the double of the high trellis, and the triple than the standard trellis. In the vineyards cultivated for wine production, the standard trellis and vase shape do not have significant differences, reaching 0.8 kg dry matter per vine tree. Nevertheless, on the other hand, the standard trellis produces 2.15 t/ha, a 25% more dry Biomass per hectare than the vase shape. The presence of irrigation increases Biomass in vineyards by 42%.
D M Salazarhernandez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
quantification of the Residual Biomass obtained from pruning of vineyards in mediterranean area
Biomass & Bioenergy, 2011Co-Authors: B Velazquezmarti, E Fernandezgonzalez, Isabel Lopezcortes, D M SalazarhernandezAbstract:Abstract This research quantified the available Residual Biomass obtained from pruning vines stock. The additional Biomass quantified could be used as a source of energy or as raw material for the wood industry and would provide additional income for fruit producers and also a more sustainable system. Several factors were analyzed: Variety, aim of the pruning, age of the plants, size of the plantation, crop yield and irrigation. Regression models were also calculated to predict the weight of dry Biomass, obtained per tree and tonnes of dry Biomass obtained per hectare, according to the significant factors. These equations could implement logistic planning as the Borvemar model, which defines a logistics network for supplying bio-energy systems. The results show that the shape of the structure of plantation has a strong influence on the quantity of Biomass produced, and therefore on the quantity of pruning material. In the vineyards cultivated for fresh grape production, the horizontal trellis produces 3.5 kg/tree and 4.2 t/ha, the more dry matter per vine tree than the double of the high trellis, and the triple than the standard trellis. In the vineyards cultivated for wine production, the standard trellis and vase shape do not have significant differences, reaching 0.8 kg dry matter per vine tree. Nevertheless, on the other hand, the standard trellis produces 2.15 t/ha, a 25% more dry Biomass per hectare than the vase shape. The presence of irrigation increases Biomass in vineyards by 42%.
-
quantification of the Residual Biomass obtained from pruning of trees in mediterranean olive groves
Biomass & Bioenergy, 2011Co-Authors: B Velazquezmarti, E Fernandezgonzalez, Isabel Lopezcortes, D M SalazarhernandezAbstract:Abstract This research quantified the available Residual Biomass obtained from pruning olive trees. The additional Biomass quantified could be used as a source of energy or as raw material for the wood industry and would provide additional income for fruit producers and also a more sustainable system. Several factors were analyzed: Variety, aim of the pruning, age of the plants, size of the plantation, crop yield and irrigation. Regression models were also calculated to predict the weight of dry Biomass obtained per tree and tonnes of dry Biomass obtained per hectare according to the significant factors. These equations could implement logistic planning as the Borvemar model, which defines a logistics network for supplying bio-energy systems. Olive tree varieties were classified into two groups for annual pruning: high Residual Biomass productivity (average yield 10.5 kg dry Biomass tree −1 ) and low productivity (average yield 3.5 kg dry Biomass tree −1 ). Some varieties are in transition between the two groups. There are no differences in biennial pruning, reaching an average Residual Biomass of 33 kg tree −1 . This means that in Mediterranean areas the Residual Biomass from olive pruning reaches an average 1.31 t ha −1 in annual pruning and 3.02 t ha −1 in biennial pruning.
-
quantification of the Residual Biomass obtained from pruning of trees in mediterranean almond groves
Renewable Energy, 2011Co-Authors: B Velazquezmarti, E Fernandezgonzalez, Isabel Lopezcortes, D M SalazarhernandezAbstract:This research quantified the available Residual Biomass obtained from pruning almond trees. The additional Biomass quantified could be used as a source of energy or as raw material for the wood industry and would provide additional income for fruit producers and also a more sustainable system. Several factors were analyzed: Variety, aim of the pruning, age of the plants, size of the plantation, crop yield and irrigation. Regression models were also calculated to predict the weight of dry Biomass obtained per tree and tonnes of dry Biomass obtained per hectare according to the significant factors. These equations could implement logistic planning as the Borvemar model, which defines a logistics network for supplying bioenergy systems. Almond tree varieties were classified into three groups: a first group with high Residual Biomass productivity (average yield 12.6kg dry Biomass/tree), a second group with low productivity (average yield 4.5kg dry Biomass/tree) and a transition group with a intermediate Biomass yield of 7kg dry Biomass/tree. This means that in Mediterranean areas the Residual Biomass from almond pruning reaches an average 1.34t/ha annual.
L F Diaz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
factors affecting the quality of pellets made from Residual Biomass of olive trees
Fuel Processing Technology, 2015Co-Authors: A Garciamaraver, M L Rodriguez, Francisco A Serranobernardo, L F Diaz, M ZamoranoAbstract:Abstract In the Mediterranean areas of southwest Europe, olive tree pruning residues generate substantial amounts of Residual Biomass. Pelleting this Biomass supposes the conversion of a residue difficult to manage into an energy resource especially indicated to be used in the areas where these groves exist. The final quality of pellets varies depending on the raw material properties and the manufacturing process. Consequently, in this paper the raw materials were chemically characterized before pelletization under different conditions in a semi-industrial pellet mill. In addition, the physical and mechanical parameters of the pellets produced were analyzed in order to determine the optimum pelletization conditions for each raw material by using IBM SPSS Statistics 20 software and considering the European requirements for non-industrial pellets. The aim of this work is to investigate the influence of the main densification parameters (moisture content, compression and temperature) and raw material (leaves, pruning, and wood) on the quality properties of pellets from the different olive tree pruning residues. In general, low moisture content (9%), short compression lengths (20–24 mm) and temperatures higher than 40 °C were the best pelleting conditions for the Residual Biomass from olive trees, although these parameters varied between the raw materials analyzed.
-
analysis of olive grove Residual Biomass potential for electric and thermal energy generation in andalusia spain
Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2012Co-Authors: A Garciamaraver, Angel Ramosridao, M Zamorano, L F DiazAbstract:Abstract As fossil fuels are not only a limited resource, but also contribute to global warming, a transition towards a more sustainable energy supply is urgently needed. Therefore, today's environmental policies are largely devoted to fostering the development and implementation of renewable energy technologies. One important aspect of this transition is the increased use of Biomass to generate renewable energy. Agricultural residues are produced in huge amounts worldwide, and most of this residue is composed of Biomass that can be used for energy generation. Consequently, converting this residue into energy can increase the value of waste materials and reduce the environmental impact of waste disposal. This paper analyses the situation of Biomass energy resources in Andalusia, an autonomous community in the south of Spain. More specifically, Biomass is the renewable source which most contributes to Andalusian energy infrastructure. The Residual Biomass produced in the olive sector is the result of the large quantity of olive groves and olive oil manufacturers that generate byproducts with a potentially high energy content. The generation of agricultural and industrial residues from the olive sector produced in Andalusia is an important source of different types of Residual Biomass that are suitable for thermal and electric energy since they reduce the negative environmental effects of emissions from fossil fuels, such as the production of carbon dioxide.
A Garciamaraver - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
factors affecting the quality of pellets made from Residual Biomass of olive trees
Fuel Processing Technology, 2015Co-Authors: A Garciamaraver, M L Rodriguez, Francisco A Serranobernardo, L F Diaz, M ZamoranoAbstract:Abstract In the Mediterranean areas of southwest Europe, olive tree pruning residues generate substantial amounts of Residual Biomass. Pelleting this Biomass supposes the conversion of a residue difficult to manage into an energy resource especially indicated to be used in the areas where these groves exist. The final quality of pellets varies depending on the raw material properties and the manufacturing process. Consequently, in this paper the raw materials were chemically characterized before pelletization under different conditions in a semi-industrial pellet mill. In addition, the physical and mechanical parameters of the pellets produced were analyzed in order to determine the optimum pelletization conditions for each raw material by using IBM SPSS Statistics 20 software and considering the European requirements for non-industrial pellets. The aim of this work is to investigate the influence of the main densification parameters (moisture content, compression and temperature) and raw material (leaves, pruning, and wood) on the quality properties of pellets from the different olive tree pruning residues. In general, low moisture content (9%), short compression lengths (20–24 mm) and temperatures higher than 40 °C were the best pelleting conditions for the Residual Biomass from olive trees, although these parameters varied between the raw materials analyzed.
-
effects of mineral contamination on the ash content of olive tree Residual Biomass
Biosystems Engineering, 2014Co-Authors: A Garciamaraver, L C Terron, Angel Ramosridao, M ZamoranoAbstract:The rise in energy consumption has made the use of alternative fuels a priority. Residual Biomass is an abundant renewable energy resource whose use can lead to significant socioeconomic and environmental benefits. This Biomass is destined to play an important role in the new energy model since agricultural residues are produced in huge amounts throughout the world. Consequently, converting this residue into an energy product increases the value of these waste materials and reduces the environmental impact of waste disposal. The generation of agricultural residues from the olive sector in the Mediterranean area is an important source of Residual Biomass highly suitable for thermal energy generation. This Biomass comes from olive groves and olive oil production plants that generate by-products with high energy content. However, since the properties of Biomass are dependent on a wide range of factors, the focus of our research was to analyse all of its forms (leaves, branches, bark and wood) separately in order to better understand their thermal behaviour and assure the quality of the final energy product. The determination of the ash content for each type of olive tree Residual Biomass indicated that olive leaves were responsible for the high ash content of this Biomass. As a result, various cleaning methods were used to study the effect of the mineral contamination from leaves on the final ash content. The ashes were also analysed with a microscope to ascertain their composition.
-
analysis of olive grove Residual Biomass potential for electric and thermal energy generation in andalusia spain
Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2012Co-Authors: A Garciamaraver, Angel Ramosridao, M Zamorano, L F DiazAbstract:Abstract As fossil fuels are not only a limited resource, but also contribute to global warming, a transition towards a more sustainable energy supply is urgently needed. Therefore, today's environmental policies are largely devoted to fostering the development and implementation of renewable energy technologies. One important aspect of this transition is the increased use of Biomass to generate renewable energy. Agricultural residues are produced in huge amounts worldwide, and most of this residue is composed of Biomass that can be used for energy generation. Consequently, converting this residue into energy can increase the value of waste materials and reduce the environmental impact of waste disposal. This paper analyses the situation of Biomass energy resources in Andalusia, an autonomous community in the south of Spain. More specifically, Biomass is the renewable source which most contributes to Andalusian energy infrastructure. The Residual Biomass produced in the olive sector is the result of the large quantity of olive groves and olive oil manufacturers that generate byproducts with a potentially high energy content. The generation of agricultural and industrial residues from the olive sector produced in Andalusia is an important source of different types of Residual Biomass that are suitable for thermal and electric energy since they reduce the negative environmental effects of emissions from fossil fuels, such as the production of carbon dioxide.