Retaining Wall

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Deepankar Choudhury - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • seismic stability of Retaining Wall soil sliding interaction using modified pseudo dynamic method
    Geotechnique Letters, 2015
    Co-Authors: Anindya Pain, Deepankar Choudhury, S K Bhattacharyya
    Abstract:

    Seismic stability analysis is an important aspect in the design of safe Retaining Walls in earthquake-prone areas. In this study, the limit equilibrium method is used for sliding stability analysis of a gravity Retaining Wall supporting cohesionless backfill by modified pseudo-dynamic seismic forces. The proposed modified pseudo-dynamic method satisfies the zero-stress boundary condition at the free ground surface and considers soil amplification inherent to soil properties. The study shows that Wall–soil interaction in various seismic conditions may or may not be in phase for maximum sliding of the Wall. The critical seismic acceleration coefficients for sliding are computed and the amount of sliding is computed using Newmark's sliding block method. The results of the study are presented in the form of figures and tables for a particular set of input parameters. Comparisons of the present results with a few available theories for the seismic case show the merit of the method, which can be used to design ...

  • stability of non vertical waterfront Retaining Wall supporting inclined backfill under earthquake and tsunami
    Ocean Engineering, 2014
    Co-Authors: Debarghya Chakraborty, Deepankar Choudhury
    Abstract:

    Abstract The stability analysis has been carried out for generalized non-vertical waterfront Retaining Wall supporting inclined backfill under combined action of earthquake and tsunami forces. Closed-form design solutions for factor of safety against sliding have been obtained using limit equilibrium method. For estimating seismic passive earth pressure and the Wall inertia force, the pseudo-dynamic approach has been adopted. Different methods available in literature are used to estimate tsunami wave pressure and hydrodynamic pressure. It has been observed that parameters like seismic accelerations in both horizontal and vertical directions, time period, soil and Wall friction angles, Wall batter, ground inclination, pore pressure ratio, tsunami wave height have significant effect on the sliding stability of the waterfront Retaining Wall under combined action of earthquake and tsunami. Comparison of results with available results in literature for special case of vertical waterfront Retaining Wall supporting horizontal backfill has indicated a very good agreement. It is expected that the proposed design charts and tables presented in this paper will be helpful for the design engineers to design waterfront Retaining Wall against sliding mode of failure under combined action of earthquake and tsunami.

  • new method to compute seismic active earth pressure on Retaining Wall considering seismic waves
    Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 2014
    Co-Authors: Deepankar Choudhury, Amey Deepak Katdare, Anindya Pain
    Abstract:

    In earthquake prone areas, calculation of seismic active earth pressure on Retaining Wall is very important. Analytical methods till date for computation of seismic active earth pressure do not consider the effect of Rayleigh wave though it constitutes about 67 % of the total seismic energy. In this paper a new dynamic approach is proposed by considering all possible seismic waves viz. primary, shear and Rayleigh waves for estimation of seismic active earth pressure on rigid Retaining Wall by satisfying all the boundary conditions. Limit equilibrium method is used for estimation of optimised seismic active earth pressure for a rigid Retaining Wall supporting cohesionless backfill with critical combinations of seismic accelerations. The seismic influence zone obtained in this study is about 22 and 17 % larger when compared with available pseudo-static and pseudo-dynamic methods respectively, which indicates the significant effect of Rayleigh wave. Also, there is an increase of about 14 and 6 % in seismic active earth pressure coefficient when the present results are typically compared with pseudo-static and pseudo-dynamic methods respectively. Moreover present results compare well with the available experimental results. Present results are more critical for the design estimation of seismic active earth pressure by considering all major seismic waves as proposed in the new dynamic approach.

  • seismic rotational stability of waterfront Retaining Wall using pseudodynamic method
    International Journal of Geomechanics, 2010
    Co-Authors: Syed Mohd Ahmad, Deepankar Choudhury
    Abstract:

    Design of waterfront Retaining Walls under seismic conditions is an important topic of research among the geotechnical engineering fraternity, and recently there have been studies in which the stability of rigid waterfront Retaining Walls has been assessed. However, an important aspect of seismic rotational stability of such Walls is still missing from the literature archives. The present study shows the importance of rotational displacements for the design of the rigid waterfront Retaining Wall. Consideration has been made for the calculation of the hydrodynamic pressure as well as the seismic forces, both due to the seismic pressure and seismic Wall inertia. These seismic forces have been calculated using the pseudodynamic approach. The free water condition has been considered in the analysis, and thus the hydrodynamic pressure has been considered to exist on the downstream face of the Retaining Wall as well, and a well-known expression approximating the effect of the inertia of the water due to the earthquake has been used for the estimation of this hydrodynamic pressure force. Simple expressions for the calculation of rotational displacement both during and after the earthquake have been proposed, and typical results have been obtained. It is observed that with an increase in the ratio of the water level to the total height of the Wall from 0.50 to 1.00 the rotational displacement of the Wall increases by about 110%. Similar trend of an increase in the value of the rotational displacement was observed for an increase in the values of the horizontal and vertical seismic acceleration coefficients. Also, the parametric study carried out in the analysis suggested that the rotational displacement is sensitive to other parameters such as the upstream water height, pore pressure ratio, soil, and Wall friction angles. Due to nonavailability of the results in which rotational stability of the waterfront Retaining Wall under the seismic conditions has been studied, the results from the present analysis seem to bring out a unique approach.

  • stability of waterfront Retaining Wall subjected to pseudodynamic earthquake forces
    Journal of Waterway Port Coastal and Ocean Engineering-asce, 2008
    Co-Authors: Deepankar Choudhury, Syed Mohd Ahmad
    Abstract:

    This technical note pertains to the study of a waterfront Retaining Wall, Retaining a partially submerged backfill, subjected to seismic forces. The pseudodynamic approach, which considers the effect of primary and shear wave propagation in the backfill soil and Wall, is adopted for calculation of the seismic earth pressure considering Wall inertia. The point of application of the seismic active earth pressure is also affected by seismicity. Hydrodynamic forces are considered in the analysis. It is observed that when the horizontal seismic acceleration coefficient is increased from 0 to 0.3, there is a 65% decrease in the factor of safety of the Retaining Wall in sliding mode. To investigate the effects of different parameters on design, a parametric study is done. It is observed that with increase in the value of ϕ from 25 to 35° , there is an increase in the factor of safety in the sliding mode by 50%. Comparison with a previous study suggests that the present pseudodynamic approach gives less conservat...

Priyanka Ghosh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Anindya Pain - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • evaluation of seismic passive earth pressure of inclined rigid Retaining Wall considering soil arching effect
    Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 2017
    Co-Authors: Anindya Pain, Qingsheng Chen, Sanjay Nimbalkar, Yitao Zhou
    Abstract:

    Abstract Evaluation of seismic passive earth pressure is an important topic of research in geotechnical engineering. In this study seismic passive pressure on an inclined rigid Retaining Wall supporting horizontal cohesionless backfill is estimated considering arching effect. A planar failure surface is considered in the present analysis. Seismic forces are considered to be pseudo-static in nature. The effect of different parameters on the seismic passive earth pressure is studied in details. The normal stress distribution along the depth of the backfill is found to be nonlinear in nature. Friction angle between Wall and the backfill soil has the most significant effect on the distribution of normal stress along the depth of the backfill. The point of application of seismic passive pressure shifts gradually downward for higher seismic forces. Present method is validated with the experimental results available in the literature for static conditions. Comparison of present method with other theories is also presented showing the merit of the present study. Arching effect in the backfill should be considered for high values of Wall inclination angle as the present seismic passive resistance is found to be the lowest as compared to other theoretical solutions.

  • seismic stability of Retaining Wall soil sliding interaction using modified pseudo dynamic method
    Geotechnique Letters, 2015
    Co-Authors: Anindya Pain, Deepankar Choudhury, S K Bhattacharyya
    Abstract:

    Seismic stability analysis is an important aspect in the design of safe Retaining Walls in earthquake-prone areas. In this study, the limit equilibrium method is used for sliding stability analysis of a gravity Retaining Wall supporting cohesionless backfill by modified pseudo-dynamic seismic forces. The proposed modified pseudo-dynamic method satisfies the zero-stress boundary condition at the free ground surface and considers soil amplification inherent to soil properties. The study shows that Wall–soil interaction in various seismic conditions may or may not be in phase for maximum sliding of the Wall. The critical seismic acceleration coefficients for sliding are computed and the amount of sliding is computed using Newmark's sliding block method. The results of the study are presented in the form of figures and tables for a particular set of input parameters. Comparisons of the present results with a few available theories for the seismic case show the merit of the method, which can be used to design ...

  • new method to compute seismic active earth pressure on Retaining Wall considering seismic waves
    Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 2014
    Co-Authors: Deepankar Choudhury, Amey Deepak Katdare, Anindya Pain
    Abstract:

    In earthquake prone areas, calculation of seismic active earth pressure on Retaining Wall is very important. Analytical methods till date for computation of seismic active earth pressure do not consider the effect of Rayleigh wave though it constitutes about 67 % of the total seismic energy. In this paper a new dynamic approach is proposed by considering all possible seismic waves viz. primary, shear and Rayleigh waves for estimation of seismic active earth pressure on rigid Retaining Wall by satisfying all the boundary conditions. Limit equilibrium method is used for estimation of optimised seismic active earth pressure for a rigid Retaining Wall supporting cohesionless backfill with critical combinations of seismic accelerations. The seismic influence zone obtained in this study is about 22 and 17 % larger when compared with available pseudo-static and pseudo-dynamic methods respectively, which indicates the significant effect of Rayleigh wave. Also, there is an increase of about 14 and 6 % in seismic active earth pressure coefficient when the present results are typically compared with pseudo-static and pseudo-dynamic methods respectively. Moreover present results compare well with the available experimental results. Present results are more critical for the design estimation of seismic active earth pressure by considering all major seismic waves as proposed in the new dynamic approach.

Sanjay S. Nimbalkar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Pseudo-dynamic approach of seismic active earth pressure behind Retaining Wall
    Geotechnical & Geological Engineering, 2006
    Co-Authors: Deepankar Choudhury, Sanjay S. Nimbalkar
    Abstract:

    Knowledge of seismic active earth pressure behind rigid Retaining Wall is very important in the design of Retaining Wall in earthquake prone region. Commonly used Mononobe-Okabe method considers pseudo-static approach, which gives the linear distribution of seismic earth pressure in an approximate way. In this paper, the pseudo-dynamic method is used to compute the distribution of seismic active earth pressure on a rigid Retaining Wall supporting cohesionless backfill in more realistic manner by considering time and phase difference within the backfill. Planar rupture surface is considered in the analysis. Effects of a wide range of parameters like Wall friction angle, soil friction angle, shear wave velocity, primary wave velocity and horizontal and vertical seismic accelerations on seismic active earth pressure have been studied. Results are provided in tabular and graphical non-dimensional form with a comparison to pseudo-static method to highlight the realistic non-linearity of seismic active earth pressures distribution.

Guangqing Yang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • geogrid reinforced lime treated cohesive soil Retaining Wall case study and implications
    Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 2012
    Co-Authors: Guangqing Yang, Huabei Liu, Baojian Zhang
    Abstract:

    Abstract Lime-treated cohesive soils are used extensively as the construction materials of road embankments. In some cases, vertical embankment is needed, rendering the necessity to employ Retaining Walls backfilled with lime-treated cohesive soil. In China, geogrid-reinforced lime-treated cohesive soil Retaining Walls are increasingly used for this purpose. With the objective to reveal the behavior of this type of structure under working-stress condition and to shed light on its future application, a 6.0 m reinforced soil Retaining Wall was monitored for two years during and post construction. The results showed that the lime-treated soil carried the majority of the gravity load but the geogrid reinforcements also contributed to the integrity of the embankment. Under gravity loading, the backfill deformation was mainly elastic. Backfill compaction during construction was the critical factor influencing the reinforcement deformation and lateral earth pressure at the back of the facing, the latter of which decreased with time after the end of construction due to the increases of both backfill strength and facing displacement. Based on these results, it is inferred that under working stress condition, lime-treated backfill plays a major role in the stability of the Retaining Wall, while geogrid reinforcements play a secondary role.

  • behaviour of geogrid reinforced soil Retaining Wall with concrete rigid facing
    Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 2009
    Co-Authors: Guangqing Yang, Baojian Zhang, Peng Lv, Qiaoyong Zhou
    Abstract:

    Abstract Monitoring was carried out during construction of a cast-in-situ concrete-rigid facing geogrid reinforced soil Retaining Wall in the Gan (Zhou)-Long (Yan) railway main line of China. The monitoring included the vertical foundation pressure and lateral earth pressure of the reinforced soil Wall facing, the tensile strain in the reinforcement and the horizontal deformation of the facing. The vertical foundation pressure of reinforced soil Retaining Wall is non-linear along the reinforcement length, and the maximum value is at the middle of the reinforcement length, moreover the value reduces gradually at top and bottom. The measured lateral earth pressure within the reinforced soil Wall is non-linear along the height and the value is less than the active lateral earth pressure. The distribution of tensile strain in the geogrid reinforcements within the upper portion of the Wall is single-peak value, but the distribution of tensile strain in the reinforcements within the lower portion of the Wall has double-peak values. The potential failure plane within the upper portion of the Wall is similar to “ 0.3H method ”, whereas the potential failure plane within portion of the lower Wall is closer to the active Rankine earth pressure theory. The position of the maximum lateral displacement of the Wall face during construction is within portion of the lower Wall, moreover the position of the maximum lateral displacement of the Wall face post-construction is within the portion of the top Wall. These monitoring results of the behaviour of the Wall can be used as a reference for future study and design of geogrid reinforced soil Retaining Wall systems.