The Experts below are selected from a list of 273 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Miklas Scholz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
wetland systems as part of the sustainable flood Retention Basin concept
Water pollution control, 2016Co-Authors: Miklas ScholzAbstract:Chapter 37 highlights that flooding is a complex spatial planning challenge and therefore requires a range of tools and approaches to solve the problem. Solutions are likely to require sustainable drainage system (SuDS) solutions applied on a small scale combined with sustainable flood Retention Basins (SFRB) used on a large scale. This chapter aims to provide guidance on 40 variables used to rapidly assess water bodies including SFRB in terms of their flood and diffuse pollution control purpose and potential. The variables described should be the basis for the characterization of SFRB, which are adaptive structural measures well integrated within the landscape promoting best management practice as part of a sustainable flood risk management strategy. Readers will learn about novel variables such as Engineered, Outlet Arrangement, Aquatic Animal Passage, Land Animal Passage, Basin and Channel Connectivity, Seasonal Influence, Relative Total Pollution, and Flotsam Cover. The list includes also sum parameters such as Relative Total Pollution, which address several complex environmental processes.
-
Classification of Sustainable Flood Retention Basins
Water pollution control, 2016Co-Authors: Miklas ScholzAbstract:Flood defense engineering works are highly capital intensive and can be limited by land availability, leaving land and communities exposed to repeated flooding. Any adaptive drainage structure must have engineered inlets and outlets that control the water level and the rate of release. There are many drinking water reservoirs that fall within this defined category and could contribute to flood management control. Reducing the rate of runoff from the upper reaches of a catchment will reduce the volume and peak flows of flood events downstream, thus allowing flood defenses to be reduced in size, decreasing the corresponding capital costs. The application of both traditional and multilabel classification models is discussed in this chapter. The multilabel classifiers multilabel support vector machine, multilabel k-nearest neighbor, and back-propagation for multilabel learning are assessed. The value of sustainable flood Retention Basin classification is an unambiguous categorization, based on standard variables, that can help to promote communication and understanding between stakeholders.
-
application of spatial statistics as a screening tool for sustainable flood Retention Basin management
Water and Environment Journal, 2012Co-Authors: Qinli Yang, Miklas Scholz, Junming ShaoAbstract:In the context of climate change and the EU flood directive, this paper analyses and explores sustainable flood Retention Basins (SFRB) as adaptive structures contributing to water resources management and flood risk control. A dataset of 371 potential SFRB (including many operating reservoirs) characterized by 40 variables have been surveyed across central Scotland. However, the spatial properties of these SFRB, such as water storage (which relates to flooding depth) in different regions, are ambiguous. This paper uses geostatistics on the Scottish dataset. Spatial analysis showed that ordinary kriging, which is a spatial interpolation method, could be successfully applied to estimate numerical values for all key flood control variables everywhere in the study area. Moreover, the probability that certain threshold values relevant to flood control managers were exceeded can also be calculated by using disjunctive kriging. The findings provide an effective screening tool in assessing flood control using SFRB.
-
Multi-label classification models for sustainable flood Retention Basins
Environmental Modelling and Software, 2012Co-Authors: Qinli Yang, Miklas Scholz, Junming Shao, Christian Boehm, Claudia PlantAbstract:It is becoming good practice to prepare risk assessments of river Basins and coastal areas on a global scale. The novel sustainable flood Retention Basin (SFRB) concept provides a rapid classification technique for impoundments, which have a pre-defined or potential role in flood defense. However, most SFRB do often perform multiple functions simultaneously and thus are associated with multiple SFRB types. Nevertheless, previous SFRB classification systems assign each SFRB to a specific type relying on its main function. To handle the problem, this study aims to comprehensively assess the multiple functions of SFRB with the help of multi-label classification. The popular multi-label classifiers multi-label support vector machine (MLSVM), multi-label K-nearest neighbor (MLKNN) and back-propagation for multi-label learning (BP-MLL) were applied to predict the types of SFRB based on two data sets (one from Scotland and one from Baden). Findings indicate that multi-label classification schemes provide deeper insights into all potential functions of SFRB and help planners and engineers to make better use of them.
-
Feature selection methods for characterizing and classifying adaptive Sustainable Flood Retention Basins.
Water Research, 2010Co-Authors: Qinli Yang, Miklas Scholz, Junming Shao, Claudia PlantAbstract:Abstract The European Union’s Flood Directive 2007/60/EC requires member states to produce flood risk maps for all river Basins and coastal areas at risk of flooding by 2013. As a result, flood risk assessments have become an urgent challenge requiring a range of rapid and effective tools and approaches. The Sustainable Flood Retention Basin (SFRB) concept has evolved to provide a rapid assessment technique for impoundments, which have a pre-defined or potential role in flood defense and diffuse pollution control. A previous version of the SFRB survey method developed by the co-author Scholz in 2006 recommends gathering of over 40 variables to characterize an SFRB. Collecting all these variables is relatively time-consuming and more importantly, these variables are often correlated with each other. Therefore, the objective is to explore the correlation among these variables and find the most important variables to represent an SFRB. Three feature selection techniques (Information Gain, Mutual Information and Relief) were applied on the SFRB data set to identify the importance of the variables in terms of classification accuracy. Four benchmark classifiers (Support Vector Machine, K-Nearest Neighbours, C4.5 Decision Tree and Naive Bayes) were subsequently used to verify the effectiveness of the classification with the selected variables and automatically identify the optimal number of variables. Experimental results indicate that our proposed approach provides a simple, rapid and effective framework for variable selection and SFRB classification. Only nine important variables are sufficient to accurately classify SFRB. Finally, six typical cases were studied to verify the performance of the identified nine variables on different SFRB types. The findings provide a rapid scientific tool for SFRB assessment in practice. Moreover, the generic value of this tool allows also for its wide application in other areas.
Sylvie Barraud - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
event based quantification of emerging pollutant removal for an open stormwater Retention Basin loads efficiency and importance of uncertainties
Water Research, 2015Co-Authors: C Sebastian, Celine Becouzelareure, Lipeme G Kouyi, Sylvie BarraudAbstract:Abstract Up to now, emerging contaminants have not been further-studied in in-situ stormwater best management practices and especially in detention Basins. In this article, the efficiency of a dry stormwater detention Basin was investigated regarding the removal of 7 alkylphenols and alkylphenol ethoxylates, 9 polybrominated diphenyl ethers, 45 pesticides and bisphenol A. Concentrations of contaminants were obtained by chemical analysis on dissolved and particulate phase distinctly. The removal efficiency was assessed on total, dissolved and particulate phase accounting for the global chain of uncertainty with a 95% confidence interval. Results showed that pesticides (rather hydrophilic) are not trapped in the detention Basin but are released contrarily to B209 which is mostly in particulate phase. Alkylphenols and alkylphenol ethoxylates are present in both phases and the efficiency is storm event-dependent. Uncertainty consideration in efficiency determination revealed efficiency data, usually presented by raw values are not relevant to conclude on the performance of a detention Basin. In this case study, efficiency data with a 95% confidence interval indicate that only 35%, 50% and 41% of campaigns showed an impact (in trapping or releasing) of the detention Basin on alkylphenols and ethoxylates, polybrominated diphenyl ethers and pesticides respectively.
-
stormwater Retention Basin efficiency regarding micropollutant loads and ecotoxicity
Water Science and Technology, 2014Co-Authors: C Sebastian, Sylvie Barraud, Carolina Gonzalezmerchan, Yves Perrodin, Regis VisiedoAbstract:Retention Basin efficiency in micropollutant removal has not been very well studied, in particular for pollutants highlighted by the European Water Framework Directive of 2000 such as pesticides, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and alkylphenols. This study is based on in situ experiments carried out on a stormwater Retention Basin with the aim of estimating the Basin efficiency in trapping and removing micropollutants from stormwater run-off from an industrial catchment drained by a separate sewer system. Along with stormwater, the Basin receives some dry weather effluent flows, which are supposedly non-polluted. Ninety-four substances from five families (metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), PBDEs, alkylphenols and pesticides) were analyzed during 10 event campaigns in urban wet weather discharges at the inlet and outlet of the Basin. The ecotoxicity of the samples was also tested. The results show high inter-event variability in both chemical and ecotoxic characteristics. They indicate good event efficiency concerning heavy metals and most PAHs. The studied pesticides, mainly found in the dissolved fraction, were not trapped. Particulate fraction study highlighted that settling is not the main process explaining micropollutant removal in a Retention Basin, as was noted for alkylphenols and PBDEs.
-
stormwater Retention Basin efficiency regarding micropollutants loads and ecotoxicity efficacite evenementielle d un bassin de retenue decantation des eaux pluviales urbaines sur les flux de micropolluants et l ecotoxicite des rejets
2013Co-Authors: C Sebastian, Sylvie Barraud, Yves Perrodin, Carolina Gonzalez, Regis VisiedoAbstract:Retention Basins efficiency in micropollutants removal has not been very well studied in particular for pollutants pointed out by the European Water Framework Directive in 2000 such as pesticides, PBDEs or Alkylphenols. This study is based on in-situ experiments carried out on a stormwater Retention Basin. The aim is to estimate the Basin efficiency in trapping and removing micropollutants from stormwater run-off at the outlet of an industrial catchment drained by a separate stormwater sewer system receiving some dry weather effluent supposed to be clean. 94 substances from 5 families (Metals, PAHs, PBDEs, Alkylphenols and pesticides) were analyzed during 10 event campaigns in urban wet weather discharges at the inlet and outlet of the Basin. The effect on ecotoxicity was also assessed. First results show high inter-event variability as regards both chemical and ecotoxic characterization. They indicate a good event efficiency concerning heavy metals and most of PAHs. Studied pesticides, mainly found in dissolved fraction were not trapped. Particulate fractions study highlighted settling is not the main process occurring in the Retention Basin and responsible for micropollutant removal in particular for Alkylphenols and PBDEs.
C Sebastian - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
event based quantification of emerging pollutant removal for an open stormwater Retention Basin loads efficiency and importance of uncertainties
Water Research, 2015Co-Authors: C Sebastian, Celine Becouzelareure, Lipeme G Kouyi, Sylvie BarraudAbstract:Abstract Up to now, emerging contaminants have not been further-studied in in-situ stormwater best management practices and especially in detention Basins. In this article, the efficiency of a dry stormwater detention Basin was investigated regarding the removal of 7 alkylphenols and alkylphenol ethoxylates, 9 polybrominated diphenyl ethers, 45 pesticides and bisphenol A. Concentrations of contaminants were obtained by chemical analysis on dissolved and particulate phase distinctly. The removal efficiency was assessed on total, dissolved and particulate phase accounting for the global chain of uncertainty with a 95% confidence interval. Results showed that pesticides (rather hydrophilic) are not trapped in the detention Basin but are released contrarily to B209 which is mostly in particulate phase. Alkylphenols and alkylphenol ethoxylates are present in both phases and the efficiency is storm event-dependent. Uncertainty consideration in efficiency determination revealed efficiency data, usually presented by raw values are not relevant to conclude on the performance of a detention Basin. In this case study, efficiency data with a 95% confidence interval indicate that only 35%, 50% and 41% of campaigns showed an impact (in trapping or releasing) of the detention Basin on alkylphenols and ethoxylates, polybrominated diphenyl ethers and pesticides respectively.
-
stormwater Retention Basin efficiency regarding micropollutant loads and ecotoxicity
Water Science and Technology, 2014Co-Authors: C Sebastian, Sylvie Barraud, Carolina Gonzalezmerchan, Yves Perrodin, Regis VisiedoAbstract:Retention Basin efficiency in micropollutant removal has not been very well studied, in particular for pollutants highlighted by the European Water Framework Directive of 2000 such as pesticides, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and alkylphenols. This study is based on in situ experiments carried out on a stormwater Retention Basin with the aim of estimating the Basin efficiency in trapping and removing micropollutants from stormwater run-off from an industrial catchment drained by a separate sewer system. Along with stormwater, the Basin receives some dry weather effluent flows, which are supposedly non-polluted. Ninety-four substances from five families (metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), PBDEs, alkylphenols and pesticides) were analyzed during 10 event campaigns in urban wet weather discharges at the inlet and outlet of the Basin. The ecotoxicity of the samples was also tested. The results show high inter-event variability in both chemical and ecotoxic characteristics. They indicate good event efficiency concerning heavy metals and most PAHs. The studied pesticides, mainly found in the dissolved fraction, were not trapped. Particulate fraction study highlighted that settling is not the main process explaining micropollutant removal in a Retention Basin, as was noted for alkylphenols and PBDEs.
-
stormwater Retention Basin efficiency regarding micropollutants loads and ecotoxicity efficacite evenementielle d un bassin de retenue decantation des eaux pluviales urbaines sur les flux de micropolluants et l ecotoxicite des rejets
2013Co-Authors: C Sebastian, Sylvie Barraud, Yves Perrodin, Carolina Gonzalez, Regis VisiedoAbstract:Retention Basins efficiency in micropollutants removal has not been very well studied in particular for pollutants pointed out by the European Water Framework Directive in 2000 such as pesticides, PBDEs or Alkylphenols. This study is based on in-situ experiments carried out on a stormwater Retention Basin. The aim is to estimate the Basin efficiency in trapping and removing micropollutants from stormwater run-off at the outlet of an industrial catchment drained by a separate stormwater sewer system receiving some dry weather effluent supposed to be clean. 94 substances from 5 families (Metals, PAHs, PBDEs, Alkylphenols and pesticides) were analyzed during 10 event campaigns in urban wet weather discharges at the inlet and outlet of the Basin. The effect on ecotoxicity was also assessed. First results show high inter-event variability as regards both chemical and ecotoxic characterization. They indicate a good event efficiency concerning heavy metals and most of PAHs. Studied pesticides, mainly found in dissolved fraction were not trapped. Particulate fractions study highlighted settling is not the main process occurring in the Retention Basin and responsible for micropollutant removal in particular for Alkylphenols and PBDEs.
Joan B Rose - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
quantitative detection of human adenoviruses in wastewater and combined sewer overflows influencing a michigan river
Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2010Co-Authors: Theng Theng Fong, Mantha S Phanikumar, Irene Xagoraraki, Joan B RoseAbstract:Enteric viruses are important pathogens found in contaminated surface waters and have previously been detected in waters of the Great Lakes. Human adenoviruses were monitored because of their high prevalence and persistence in aquatic environments. In this study, we quantified adenoviruses in wastewater, surface water, and combined sewer overflows (CSOs) by real-time PCR. Between August 2005 and August 2006, adenovirus concentrations in raw sewage, primary-treated effluent, secondary-treated effluent, and chlorinated effluent from a wastewater treatment plant in Michigan were examined. CSO samples ( n = 6) were collected from a CSO Retention Basin in Grand Rapids, MI. Adenoviruses were detected in 100% of wastewater and CSO discharge samples. Average adenovirus DNA concentrations in sewage and CSOs were 1.15 × 10 6 viruses/liter and 5.35 × 10 5 viruses/liter, respectively. Adenovirus removal was 10 (99%) at the wastewater treatment plant. Adenovirus type 41 (60% of clones), type 12 (29%), type 40 (3%), type 2 (3%), and type 3 (3%) were isolated from raw sewage and primary effluents ( n = 28). Six of 20 surface water samples from recreational parks at the lower Grand River showed virus concentrations above the real-time PCR detection limit (average, 7.8 × 10 3 viruses/liter). This research demonstrates that wastewater effluents and wastewater-impacted surface waters in the lower Grand River in Michigan contain high levels of viruses and may not be suitable for full-body recreational activities. High concentrations of adenovirus in these waters may be due to inefficient removal during wastewater treatment and to the high persistence of these viruses in the environment.
Jennifer Carfrae - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
classification of different sustainable flood Retention Basin types
Journal of Environmental Sciences-china, 2010Co-Authors: Michelle Robinson, Miklas Scholz, Nicolas Bastien, Jennifer CarfraeAbstract:Using a revised version of a previously published expert classification system, a database of potential Sustainable Flood Retention Basins has been developed for Scotland. The research shows that the majority of small and former (often old) drinking water reservoirs are kept full and their spillways are continuously in operation. Utilising some of the available capacity to contribute to flood control could significantly reduce the costs of complying with the European Union Flood Directive. Furthermore, the application of a previously developed classification model for Baden in Germany for the Scottish data set showed a lower diversity for Basins in Scotland due to less developed infrastructure. The classification system appears to be robust and has the potential, with minor modifications, to be applied across Europe. The principle value of this approach is a clear and unambiguous categorisation, based on standard variables, which can help to promote communication and understanding between stakeholders.