The Experts below are selected from a list of 42654 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Italo Meloni - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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should i stay or should i go investigating route switching behavior from Revealed Preferences data
Transportation, 2019Co-Authors: Alessandro Vacca, Carlo Giacomo Prato, Italo MeloniAbstract:A large variety of factors influence the route choice decisions of road users, and modelers consider these factors within the perceived utility that road users are assumed to maximize. However, this perceived utility may be different even for the same origin–destination pair and this leads road users to choose different routes for different trips. In this study, we focus on this particular phenomenon of route switching behavior by estimating discrete choice models with the aim of understanding the key factors at its foundation. The estimated route choice models account for route characteristics, socio-economic information, activity based data, inertial mechanism and learning effects, and they are applied to Revealed preference data consisting of 677 actual day by day route choices (referred to 77 road users) collected by GPS in Cagliari (Italy). Route switching models were estimated with both fixed and random coefficient models. The model estimation results show that the variables referred to habit and learning have an important relevance on explaining the route switching phenomenon. Specifically, the higher is the travel habit, the less is the propensity of the road users to switch their route. Moreover, the learning effect shows that the accumulation of past experiences has more influence on the choice than the most recent ones.
Suman Seth - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Revealed Preferences with plural motives axiomatic foundations of normative assessments in non utilitarian welfare economics
Social Choice and Welfare, 2017Co-Authors: Sebastian Silvaleander, Suman SethAbstract:This paper explores the possibility of defining a non-utilitarian normative standard for assessments of welfare and deprivation. The paper formalises a key aspect of Amartya Sen’s critique of the assumption of consistent utility-maximisation in the Revealed preference theory and proposes a generalisation of the standard Samuelsonian choice model for the case in which choices are based on plural motives (here, self-interested and moral motives). Based on a set of intuitive assumptions about the way in which unobservable motives are linked to observable choices, we then construct an alternative normative ranking rule that can be used in non-utilitarian welfare economics to rank social outcomes or provide a normative basis for the construction of composite indices, for instance.
Ilyas Yildirim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Design of a small molecule that stimulates vascular endothelial growth factor A enabled by screening RNA fold–small molecule interactions
Nature Chemistry, 2020Co-Authors: Hafeez S. Haniff, Laurent Knerr, Gogce Crynen, Jonas Boström, Daniel Abegg, Alexander Adibekian, Elizabeth Lekah, Kye Won Wang, Michael D. Cameron, Ilyas YildirimAbstract:A selection-based screen has now Revealed Preferences in small-molecule chemotypes that bind RNA as well as Preferences in the RNA motifs that bind small molecules. Analysis of these data enabled the design of a small molecule that selectively binds a non-coding microRNA and upregulates expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A. Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) stimulates angiogenesis in human endothelial cells, and increasing its expression is a potential treatment for heart failure. Here, we report the design of a small molecule (TGP-377) that specifically and potently enhances VEGFA expression by the targeting of a non-coding microRNA that regulates its expression. A selection-based screen, named two-dimensional combinatorial screening, Revealed Preferences in small-molecule chemotypes that bind RNA and Preferences in the RNA motifs that bind small molecules. The screening program increased the dataset of known RNA motif–small molecule binding partners by 20-fold. Analysis of this dataset against the RNA-mediated pathways that regulate VEGFA defined that the microRNA-377 precursor, which represses Vegfa messenger RNA translation, is druggable in a selective manner. We designed TGP-377 to potently and specifically upregulate VEGFA in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. These studies illustrate the power of two-dimensional combinatorial screening to define molecular recognition events between ‘undruggable’ biomolecules and small molecules, and the ability of sequence-based design to deliver efficacious structure-specific compounds.
Tomio Miwa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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commuting behavior in emerging urban areas findings of a Revealed Preferences and stated intentions survey in cluj napoca romania
Journal of Transport Geography, 2018Co-Authors: Cristian Tosa, Takayuki Morikawa, Hitomi Sato, Tomio MiwaAbstract:Abstract As an emerging Eastern European country, Romania has demonstrated continuous economic development since the change in its political system in 1989. This has led to increased car ownership and extensive car usage in the country as well as rapid and uncontrolled land usage and expansion of urban areas. The proposed study aims at determining individual and alternative-specific variables that influence citizens' choice of the transportation mode for commuting trips. Data used in the proposed analysis were obtained by means of a computer-assisted telephonic interview survey conducted in the metropolitan area of Cluj-Napoca in July 2015. The one-time retrospective survey assumed an alternative ticketing policy for public transport, and subsequently, a methodology for simultaneously evaluating Revealed-preference and stated-intentions mode choices was adopted to evaluate the willingness of commuters to adopt such a policy. As no such study had previously been performed in Romania, this work serves to fill a void in available literature by revealing the role of demographic, socioeconomic, and attitudinal characteristics along with transport supply and built environment in explaining commuting patterns in the country. As age influences the desires and priorities concerning travel behavior, the proposed study sheds light on how generational differences serve to influence urban transport towards sustainability through non-coercive interventions in post-communist transitional societies.
Alessandro Vacca - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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should i stay or should i go investigating route switching behavior from Revealed Preferences data
Transportation, 2019Co-Authors: Alessandro Vacca, Carlo Giacomo Prato, Italo MeloniAbstract:A large variety of factors influence the route choice decisions of road users, and modelers consider these factors within the perceived utility that road users are assumed to maximize. However, this perceived utility may be different even for the same origin–destination pair and this leads road users to choose different routes for different trips. In this study, we focus on this particular phenomenon of route switching behavior by estimating discrete choice models with the aim of understanding the key factors at its foundation. The estimated route choice models account for route characteristics, socio-economic information, activity based data, inertial mechanism and learning effects, and they are applied to Revealed preference data consisting of 677 actual day by day route choices (referred to 77 road users) collected by GPS in Cagliari (Italy). Route switching models were estimated with both fixed and random coefficient models. The model estimation results show that the variables referred to habit and learning have an important relevance on explaining the route switching phenomenon. Specifically, the higher is the travel habit, the less is the propensity of the road users to switch their route. Moreover, the learning effect shows that the accumulation of past experiences has more influence on the choice than the most recent ones.
