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Anders Tehler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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AustroRoccella, a new fruticose genus in the family Roccellaceae
The Bryologist, 2013Co-Authors: Anders Tehler, Martin Irestedt, Damien ErtzAbstract:Abstract The new genus AustroRoccella Tehler & Ertz is described to incorporate one species A. gayana(Mont.) Tehler & Ertz comb. nov. ( = Roccella gayana Mont.). AustroRoccella gayana is very similar to the fruticose species in Roccellina Darb., as well as to many saxicolous species in the fruticose genus Roccella DC., but differs from these genera by the epruinose dark or black discs and the sole presence of roccellic acid. Molecular data places it in an isolated position with a long branch in the family Roccellaceae in a highly supported clade including the genera Dendrographa Darb., Syncesia Taylor and Roccellina.
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The Old WorldRoccellaspecies outside Europe and Macaronesia : taxonomy, evolution and phylogeny
Systematics and Biodiversity, 2010Co-Authors: Anders Tehler, Martin Irestedt, Mats Wedin, Damien ErtzAbstract:With this paper the genus Roccella is complete and fully revised. The genus contains 24 species of which eight species from the Old World in Asia and Africa are here treated in detail, Roccella applanata, R. babingtonii, R. balfourii, R. boryi, R. minuta (newly described here), R. montagnei, R. phycopsioides (newly described here) and R. sinensis. Roccella tinctoria with a predominantly Macaronesian distribution has some outpost localities in south western Africa is also included in this treatise. A full species phylogeny is presented based on data from four molecular markers, RPB2, nuLSU, ITS 1 and 2 and an anonymous locus. The African–Asian species together with three Macaronesian species (R. allorgei, R. fuciformis, R. maderensis) form a poorly supported monophyletic clade. The sister group to that clade is the significantly supported group containing the American and European–Macaronesian species. Roccella montagnei is the most widespread of all Roccella species ranging from Australia, around the Indi...
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Evolution and reproduction modes in the Roccella galapagoensis aggregate (Roccellaceae, Arthoniales)
TAXON, 2009Co-Authors: Anders Tehler, Martin Irestedt, Frank Bungartz, Mats WedinAbstract:The "species pair" concept obscures both intra- and interspecific relationships and should be abandoned, evolutionarily and taxonomically. Based on our molecular phylogenetic work on the genus Roccella we are able to show for the first time that sexually and vegetatively dispersed entities in an anticipated "species pair" (Roccella galapagoensis/R. lirellina) actually form several distinct monophyletic genotypes, here interpreted as species in which sexual reproduction has been repeatedly evolved. The species accepted here are based on a phylogenetic hypothesis supported by data from the ITS rDNA region and an unidentified locus possibly related to calmodulin. Altogether 89 sequences from both loci were newly produced and used in phylogenetic analyses. The Roccella galapagoensis aggregate was resolved as monophyletic. The sister group includes Roccella decipiens (sexual) and R. gracilis (asexual). Based on the present data it is equally parsimonious to suggest a sorediate or a fertile ancestor to the Roccella galapagoensis aggregate. The ancestor must have arrived in the Galapagos Islands through long distance dispersal and have included the ability to reproduce both sexually with ascospores and asexually with soredia. Taxonomy, nomenclature and phylogeny are provided for five American Roccella species in the Roccella galapagoensis aggregate with geographical focus on the Galapagos Islands. One species is obligatory sexual, one is obligatory asexual and three species are facultative sexual/asexual. Roccella albida Tehler is newly described. Roccella canariensis is united with R. tinctoria.
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Origin, evolution and taxonomy of American Roccella (Roccellaceae, Ascomycetes)
Systematics and Biodiversity, 2009Co-Authors: Anders Tehler, Martin Irestedt, Mats Wedin, Damien ErtzAbstract:Abstract The phylogeny and taxonomy of four American Roccella species are presented: R. bajasurensis (newly described here), R. decipiens, R. gracilis and R. verruculosa. A key to all nine American Roccella species is also presented. The data from four molecular markers, RPB2, nuLSU, ITS 1 and 2 and an anonymous locus showed that the specimens of what was believed to be the one fertile species, Roccella decipiens, actually belonged to two distinct species: one usually corticolous, facultatively fertile‐sorediate species, Roccella gracilis, and one strictly saxicolous, obligately fertile species R. decipiens. The American Roccella species were found to belong to a significantly supported, monophyletic group with most Macaronesian species as its sister group and all other Roccella species distributed in the Old World. Vicariance contra long distance dispersal is discussed in explaining biogeographical patterns.
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Parallel evolution of lichen growth forms in the family Roccellaceae (Arthoniales, Ascomycota)
Cladistics, 2007Co-Authors: Anders Tehler, Martin IrestedtAbstract:The phylogenetic relationships within the family Roccellaceae (lichen fungi) were investigated. Seventy-two nucleotide sequences of the nuclear large subunit ribosomal RNA gene (LSU) and the second largest RNA polymerase subunit (RPB2) were newly obtained from 48 taxa. The family Roccellaceae was highly supported as monophyletic. The fruticose growth habit has evolved or been lost multiple times in the family and several times even within genera. In Roccellina with 31 species it has evolved three times and in Pentagenella with three species it has been lost once. The genera Roccella and Roccellina were found paraphyletic as two Roccella species nested with Roccellina. The non-fruticose genus Roccellina was emended to include these two fruticose species as well as the monotypic, fruticose genus Roccellaria. As a result of the phylogenetic analyses six new nomenclatural combinations were made: Pentagenella corallina (Follm. and Peine) Tehler, Pentagenella ligulata (Peine and Follm.) Tehler, Roccellina cumingiana (Gay) Tehler, Roccellina hypomecha (Ach.) Tehler, Roccellina mollis (Hampe) Tehler, Roccellina portentosa (Mont. ex Gay) Tehler. Roccella is mainly distributed on the northern hemisphere while Roccellina is mainly distributed on the southern hemisphere. The Roccella species present on the Galapagos Islands are related to those in California and the northern hemisphere not, as was generally believed, to those in Chile and the southern hemisphere. The present data set may indicate that Bayesian analysis can give misleading topologies and overestimated posterior support values when insufficiently sampled taxa are included in an otherwise well sampled data set. © The Willi Hennig Society 2007.
Kadir Kinalioğlu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Comparison of Antioxidant Activity of Roccella phycopsis Ach. (Roccellaceae) and Flavoparmelia caperata L. Hale (Parmeliaceae) Lichens by Various Methods
2016Co-Authors: Sinem Aydin, Kadir KinalioğluAbstract:The antioxidant activity of Roccella phycopsis Ach. and Flavoparmelia caperata L. Hale lichens was determined by their ability to scavenge free radicals like DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2’-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiaziline-6-sulfonate). Total phenolic and flavonoid contents, metal chelating activity and reducing power of the extracs were also measured. Both lichens species displayed noticeable antioxidant activity. The total flavonoid content of methanol and ethanol extracts of the lichens ranged from 110.06±0.004 µg/mL to 154.1±0.007 µg/mL and from 40.96±0.005 µg/mL to 65.23±0.007 µg/mL, respectively. F. caperata lichen showed higher ferric reducing antioxidant power and DPPH radical quenching activity than R. phycopsis lichen. Based on the obtained results, this lichen species are natural sources of antioxidant substances.
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Biosorption of Cu2+ and Zn2+ by raw and autoclaved Rocella phycopsis
Journal of environmental sciences (China), 2010Co-Authors: Emine Yalçin, Kültiğin Çavuşoğlu, Kadir KinalioğluAbstract:The behavior of Cu2+ and Zn2+ biosorption onto raw and modified Roccella phycopsis from aqueous solutions was studied. Modification process was applied by autoclavation at 121°C for 30 min. The effects of pH, initial metal concentration and biosorbent dosage were investigated. The maximum Cu2+ biosorption was achieved at pH 5.0 and the maximum biosorption capacities of 31.5 and 37.8 mg/g were recorded for raw and modified biosorbent, respectively. In the case of Zn2+ biosorption, maximum biosorption capacities were obtained at pH 4.0 as 29.1 and 35.3 mg/g for raw and modified biosorbent, respectively. Biosorption of Zn2+ and Cu2+ on all form of R. phycopsis increased much quickly with increasing initial metal concentrations from 10 to 100 mg/L. After modification process, probable changes in the surface polarity of raw and modified R. phycopsis were investigated by contact angle measurements. As expected, R. phycopsis has a polar surface and shows a highest contact angle with water, while after autoclavation water contact angle of R. phycopsis was significantly decreased from 47.5° to 34.4°.
Martin Irestedt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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AustroRoccella, a new fruticose genus in the family Roccellaceae
The Bryologist, 2013Co-Authors: Anders Tehler, Martin Irestedt, Damien ErtzAbstract:Abstract The new genus AustroRoccella Tehler & Ertz is described to incorporate one species A. gayana(Mont.) Tehler & Ertz comb. nov. ( = Roccella gayana Mont.). AustroRoccella gayana is very similar to the fruticose species in Roccellina Darb., as well as to many saxicolous species in the fruticose genus Roccella DC., but differs from these genera by the epruinose dark or black discs and the sole presence of roccellic acid. Molecular data places it in an isolated position with a long branch in the family Roccellaceae in a highly supported clade including the genera Dendrographa Darb., Syncesia Taylor and Roccellina.
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The Old WorldRoccellaspecies outside Europe and Macaronesia : taxonomy, evolution and phylogeny
Systematics and Biodiversity, 2010Co-Authors: Anders Tehler, Martin Irestedt, Mats Wedin, Damien ErtzAbstract:With this paper the genus Roccella is complete and fully revised. The genus contains 24 species of which eight species from the Old World in Asia and Africa are here treated in detail, Roccella applanata, R. babingtonii, R. balfourii, R. boryi, R. minuta (newly described here), R. montagnei, R. phycopsioides (newly described here) and R. sinensis. Roccella tinctoria with a predominantly Macaronesian distribution has some outpost localities in south western Africa is also included in this treatise. A full species phylogeny is presented based on data from four molecular markers, RPB2, nuLSU, ITS 1 and 2 and an anonymous locus. The African–Asian species together with three Macaronesian species (R. allorgei, R. fuciformis, R. maderensis) form a poorly supported monophyletic clade. The sister group to that clade is the significantly supported group containing the American and European–Macaronesian species. Roccella montagnei is the most widespread of all Roccella species ranging from Australia, around the Indi...
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Evolution and reproduction modes in the Roccella galapagoensis aggregate (Roccellaceae, Arthoniales)
TAXON, 2009Co-Authors: Anders Tehler, Martin Irestedt, Frank Bungartz, Mats WedinAbstract:The "species pair" concept obscures both intra- and interspecific relationships and should be abandoned, evolutionarily and taxonomically. Based on our molecular phylogenetic work on the genus Roccella we are able to show for the first time that sexually and vegetatively dispersed entities in an anticipated "species pair" (Roccella galapagoensis/R. lirellina) actually form several distinct monophyletic genotypes, here interpreted as species in which sexual reproduction has been repeatedly evolved. The species accepted here are based on a phylogenetic hypothesis supported by data from the ITS rDNA region and an unidentified locus possibly related to calmodulin. Altogether 89 sequences from both loci were newly produced and used in phylogenetic analyses. The Roccella galapagoensis aggregate was resolved as monophyletic. The sister group includes Roccella decipiens (sexual) and R. gracilis (asexual). Based on the present data it is equally parsimonious to suggest a sorediate or a fertile ancestor to the Roccella galapagoensis aggregate. The ancestor must have arrived in the Galapagos Islands through long distance dispersal and have included the ability to reproduce both sexually with ascospores and asexually with soredia. Taxonomy, nomenclature and phylogeny are provided for five American Roccella species in the Roccella galapagoensis aggregate with geographical focus on the Galapagos Islands. One species is obligatory sexual, one is obligatory asexual and three species are facultative sexual/asexual. Roccella albida Tehler is newly described. Roccella canariensis is united with R. tinctoria.
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Origin, evolution and taxonomy of American Roccella (Roccellaceae, Ascomycetes)
Systematics and Biodiversity, 2009Co-Authors: Anders Tehler, Martin Irestedt, Mats Wedin, Damien ErtzAbstract:Abstract The phylogeny and taxonomy of four American Roccella species are presented: R. bajasurensis (newly described here), R. decipiens, R. gracilis and R. verruculosa. A key to all nine American Roccella species is also presented. The data from four molecular markers, RPB2, nuLSU, ITS 1 and 2 and an anonymous locus showed that the specimens of what was believed to be the one fertile species, Roccella decipiens, actually belonged to two distinct species: one usually corticolous, facultatively fertile‐sorediate species, Roccella gracilis, and one strictly saxicolous, obligately fertile species R. decipiens. The American Roccella species were found to belong to a significantly supported, monophyletic group with most Macaronesian species as its sister group and all other Roccella species distributed in the Old World. Vicariance contra long distance dispersal is discussed in explaining biogeographical patterns.
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Parallel evolution of lichen growth forms in the family Roccellaceae (Arthoniales, Ascomycota)
Cladistics, 2007Co-Authors: Anders Tehler, Martin IrestedtAbstract:The phylogenetic relationships within the family Roccellaceae (lichen fungi) were investigated. Seventy-two nucleotide sequences of the nuclear large subunit ribosomal RNA gene (LSU) and the second largest RNA polymerase subunit (RPB2) were newly obtained from 48 taxa. The family Roccellaceae was highly supported as monophyletic. The fruticose growth habit has evolved or been lost multiple times in the family and several times even within genera. In Roccellina with 31 species it has evolved three times and in Pentagenella with three species it has been lost once. The genera Roccella and Roccellina were found paraphyletic as two Roccella species nested with Roccellina. The non-fruticose genus Roccellina was emended to include these two fruticose species as well as the monotypic, fruticose genus Roccellaria. As a result of the phylogenetic analyses six new nomenclatural combinations were made: Pentagenella corallina (Follm. and Peine) Tehler, Pentagenella ligulata (Peine and Follm.) Tehler, Roccellina cumingiana (Gay) Tehler, Roccellina hypomecha (Ach.) Tehler, Roccellina mollis (Hampe) Tehler, Roccellina portentosa (Mont. ex Gay) Tehler. Roccella is mainly distributed on the northern hemisphere while Roccellina is mainly distributed on the southern hemisphere. The Roccella species present on the Galapagos Islands are related to those in California and the northern hemisphere not, as was generally believed, to those in Chile and the southern hemisphere. The present data set may indicate that Bayesian analysis can give misleading topologies and overestimated posterior support values when insufficiently sampled taxa are included in an otherwise well sampled data set. © The Willi Hennig Society 2007.
Damien Ertz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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AustroRoccella, a new fruticose genus in the family Roccellaceae
The Bryologist, 2013Co-Authors: Anders Tehler, Martin Irestedt, Damien ErtzAbstract:Abstract The new genus AustroRoccella Tehler & Ertz is described to incorporate one species A. gayana(Mont.) Tehler & Ertz comb. nov. ( = Roccella gayana Mont.). AustroRoccella gayana is very similar to the fruticose species in Roccellina Darb., as well as to many saxicolous species in the fruticose genus Roccella DC., but differs from these genera by the epruinose dark or black discs and the sole presence of roccellic acid. Molecular data places it in an isolated position with a long branch in the family Roccellaceae in a highly supported clade including the genera Dendrographa Darb., Syncesia Taylor and Roccellina.
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The Old WorldRoccellaspecies outside Europe and Macaronesia : taxonomy, evolution and phylogeny
Systematics and Biodiversity, 2010Co-Authors: Anders Tehler, Martin Irestedt, Mats Wedin, Damien ErtzAbstract:With this paper the genus Roccella is complete and fully revised. The genus contains 24 species of which eight species from the Old World in Asia and Africa are here treated in detail, Roccella applanata, R. babingtonii, R. balfourii, R. boryi, R. minuta (newly described here), R. montagnei, R. phycopsioides (newly described here) and R. sinensis. Roccella tinctoria with a predominantly Macaronesian distribution has some outpost localities in south western Africa is also included in this treatise. A full species phylogeny is presented based on data from four molecular markers, RPB2, nuLSU, ITS 1 and 2 and an anonymous locus. The African–Asian species together with three Macaronesian species (R. allorgei, R. fuciformis, R. maderensis) form a poorly supported monophyletic clade. The sister group to that clade is the significantly supported group containing the American and European–Macaronesian species. Roccella montagnei is the most widespread of all Roccella species ranging from Australia, around the Indi...
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Origin, evolution and taxonomy of American Roccella (Roccellaceae, Ascomycetes)
Systematics and Biodiversity, 2009Co-Authors: Anders Tehler, Martin Irestedt, Mats Wedin, Damien ErtzAbstract:Abstract The phylogeny and taxonomy of four American Roccella species are presented: R. bajasurensis (newly described here), R. decipiens, R. gracilis and R. verruculosa. A key to all nine American Roccella species is also presented. The data from four molecular markers, RPB2, nuLSU, ITS 1 and 2 and an anonymous locus showed that the specimens of what was believed to be the one fertile species, Roccella decipiens, actually belonged to two distinct species: one usually corticolous, facultatively fertile‐sorediate species, Roccella gracilis, and one strictly saxicolous, obligately fertile species R. decipiens. The American Roccella species were found to belong to a significantly supported, monophyletic group with most Macaronesian species as its sister group and all other Roccella species distributed in the Old World. Vicariance contra long distance dispersal is discussed in explaining biogeographical patterns.
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Gelatinopsis leptogii (Helotiales, Ascomycota), a new lichenicolous fungus on Leptogium byssinum from Belgium and Germany
The Lichenologist, 2006Co-Authors: Damien Ertz, Paul DiederichAbstract:The new lichenicolous fungus, Gelatinopsis leptogii, is described from Belgium and Germany, where it grows on Leptogium byssinum. It differs from G. ericetorum, which grows on Dibaeis, in the shorter and broader ascospores and different ascomatal pigments, and from G. Roccellae, which grows on Roccella, in the shorter ascospores and larger ascomata.
Delphine Parrot - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Qualitative and spatial metabolite profiling of lichens by a LC-MS approach combined with optimised extraction.
Phytochemical Analysis, 2015Co-Authors: Delphine Parrot, Tiphaine Peresse, Eric Hitti, Daniel Carrie, Martin Grube, Sophie TomasiAbstract:Introduction - Lichens are self-sustaining partnerships comprising fungi as shape-forming partners for their enclosed symbiotic algae. They produce a tremendous diversity of metabolites (1050 metabolites described so far). Objectives - A comparison of metabolic profiles in nine lichen species belonging to three genera (Lichina, Collema and Roccella) by using an optimised extraction protocol, determination of the fragmentation pathway and the in situ localisation for major compounds in Roccella species. Methods - Chemical analysis was performed using a complementary study combining a Taguchi experimental design with qualitative analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry techniques. Results - Optimal conditions to obtain the best total extraction yield were determined as follows: mortar grinding to a fine powder, two successive extractions, solid:liquid ratio (2:60) and 700 rpm stirring. Qualitative analysis of the metabolite profiling of these nine species extracted with the optimised method was corroborated using MS and MS/MS approaches. Nine main compounds were identified: 1 β-orcinol, 2 orsellinic acid, 3 putative choline sulphate, 4 roccellic acid, 5 montagnetol, 6 lecanoric acid, 7 erythrin, 8 lepraric acid and 9 acetylportentol, and several other compounds were reported. Identification was performed using the m/z ratio, fragmentation pathway and/or after isolation by NMR analysis. The variation of the metabolite profile in differently organised parts of two Roccella species suggests a specific role of major compounds in developmental stages of this symbiotic association. Conclusion - Metabolic profiles represent specific chemical species and depend on the extraction conditions, the kind of the photobiont partner and the in situ localisation of major compounds.
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Etude de quatre lichens marins, maritime ou terrestre et des bactéries associées : Evaluation de la diversité bactérienne et recherche de métabolites d’intérêt
2014Co-Authors: Delphine ParrotAbstract:L'efficacité des antibiotiques actuellement utilisés dans le monde entier est en baisse à un rythme inquiétant. La majorité des produits actifs naturels sont isolés des ascomycètes ou des Actinobactéries. Parmi les 10 000 antibiotiques connus, plus de la moitié sont produits par des bactéries du genre Streptomyces. Il est donc intéressant de rechercher de nouvelles molécules actives dans des niches encore sous explorés, tels que les symbioses microbiennes mutualistes. Ainsi, les lichens sont des organismes complexes abritant des communautés bactériennes à la surface et, plus rarement, à l'intérieur de leurs thalles et constituent un modèle d’étude pour la découverte de nouvelles molécules d’intérêts. Une optimisation des conditions d'extraction des lichens a été développée. Le profilage chimique par LC / MS de neuf lichens (2 à algues vertes : Roccella fuciformis et R. phycopsis et de 7 cyanolichens: Lichina confinis, L. pygmaea, Leptogium lichenoides, Synalissa symphorea, Collema auriforme, C. cristatum et C. fuscovirens) ont été effectués et comparés avec des approches de «molecular network". Cela a permis de souligner la similitude chimique entre tous les cyanolichens d’une part et les espèces lichéniques à algues vertes d’autre part. Une étude chimique plus approfondie de R. fuciformis et R. phycopsis a été par la suite effectuée et dix composés différents ont été isolés et identifiés. Neuf d'entre eux ont été isolés et identifiés par RMN et des voies de fragmentation ont été proposés pour cinq d'entre eux. Une étude de localisation in situ de leurs métabolites majeurs respectifs (érythrine et acide roccellique pour R. phycopsis et érythrine, acide léprarique et acetylportentol pour R. fuciformis) a été réalisée et a démontré leur emplacement spécifique au sein des thalles lichéniques. Les communautés bactériennes cultivables associées à trois lichens de la côte bretonne (France) (Roccella fuciformis, Lichina confinis, L. pygmaea) et un lichen terrestre récolté en Autriche (Collema auriforme) ont été étudiées afin de trouver de nouveaux métabolites d'intérêts. L'abondance et la diversité des communautés bactériennes associées à ces lichens a été montré: 247 souches ont été isolées et identifiées par l’étude du gène de l'ARNr 16S. Ainis, plus de 30% de toutes les souches expriment des gènes permettant la production potentielle des composés bioactifs et 12% appartiennent probablement à de nouvelles espèces bactériennes. Les métabolites secondaires de deux bactéries cultivables associées ont été étudiés (MOLA1488, Streptomyces sp. et MOLA1416, Hoeflea sp.) et certains métabolites spécialisés actifs ont été isolés (des dicétopipérazines, des alcaloïdes, des dérivés phénoxazine par exemple ...) présentant des propriétés biologiques intéressantes. Enfin, pour mettre en évidence les interactions possibles entre les lichens et leurs bactéries associées, une approche de culture (extraits lichéniques et bactéries associées) a été réalisée à partir de 4 souches bactériennes les plus abondantes associées à Roccella fuciformis pour (1) évaluer l'impact de ces métabolites sur la croissance de ces quatre souches et également, (2) à évaluer la capacité de bioconversion de l'acide leprarique et de l’érythrine. Ces bactéries ont montré la capacité de bio-converser l’érythrine en acide orsellinique, mais aucun des quatre métabolites testés n’a affecté leur croissance.
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Qualitative and Spatial Metabolite Profiling of Lichens by a LC–MS Approach Combined With Optimised Extraction
Phytochemical analysis : PCA, 2014Co-Authors: Delphine Parrot, Tiphaine Peresse, Eric Hitti, Daniel Carrie, Martin Grube, Sophie TomasiAbstract:Introduction Lichens are self-sustaining partnerships comprising fungi as shape-forming partners for their enclosed symbiotic algae. They produce a tremendous diversity of metabolites (1050 metabolites described so far). Objectives A comparison of metabolic profiles in nine lichen species belonging to three genera (Lichina, Collema and Roccella) by using an optimised extraction protocol, determination of the fragmentation pathway and the in situ localisation for major compounds in Roccella species. Methods Chemical analysis was performed using a complementary study combining a Taguchi experimental design with qualitative analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry techniques. Results Optimal conditions to obtain the best total extraction yield were determined as follows: mortar grinding to a fine powder, two successive extractions, solid:liquid ratio (2:60) and 700 rpm stirring. Qualitative analysis of the metabolite profiling of these nine species extracted with the optimised method was corroborated using MS and MS/MS approaches. Nine main compounds were identified: 1 β-orcinol, 2 orsellinic acid, 3 putative choline sulphate, 4 roccellic acid, 5 montagnetol, 6 lecanoric acid, 7 erythrin, 8 lepraric acid and 9 acetylportentol, and several other compounds were reported. Identification was performed using the m/z ratio, fragmentation pathway and/or after isolation by NMR analysis. The variation of the metabolite profile in differently organised parts of two Roccella species suggests a specific role of major compounds in developmental stages of this symbiotic association. Conclusion Metabolic profiles represent specific chemical species and depend on the extraction conditions, the kind of the photobiont partner and the in situ localisation of major compounds. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Study of metabolites from lichen-associated bacterial communities
Planta Medica, 2012Co-Authors: Delphine Parrot, Martin Grube, David Delmail, S Le Gall, S TomasiAbstract:Lichens are complex organisms resulting from the symbiosis between fungus, microalga and/or cyanobacteria and are source of metabolites of interest. As other living organisms harboring bacterial communities they could be considered as a mini-ecosystem. These bacterial communities most often belong to different phyla: Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, with a dominance of Alphaproteobacteria and Firmicutes. In this study, we focused on the bacterial communities present on six lichens from Brittany coast (France) (Roccella fuciformis, R. phycopsis, Lichina confinis, L. pygmaea, Xanthoria aureola and X. calcicola). Abundance and diversity of these communities are dependent on several extrinsic factors (environmental) and/or intrinsic parameters including the chemical composition of their substrates (lichens). So, our aims are to elucidate the chemical composition of the studied lichens (extraction, isolation and structural identification) as well as those of associated bacterial communities. Some bacterial species were isolated from these lichens, identified by molecular fingerprints and their culture were optimized (media composition, pH and temperature). Due to the existence of chemical interactions between symbionts we target molecules with antibiotic properties.
