The Experts below are selected from a list of 67719 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Arie Nissenbaum - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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plant lipids and fossil hydrocarbons in embalming material of Roman Period mummies from the dakhleh oasis western desert egypt
Journal of Archaeological Science, 2002Co-Authors: Joachim Maurer, Thomas Mohring, Jurgen Rullkotter, Arie NissenbaumAbstract:Abstract Embalming material contained in four mummies from the Roman Period (4th century ad ) excavated in the Dakhleh Oasis, Western Desert of Egypt, were analysed for the soluble lipid components. According to the distribution patterns of n -alkanes, steroid hydrocarbons, polycyclic terpane hydrocarbons, n -fatty acids, diterpenoid acids and wax esters, the embalming material mainly consists of plant material including coniferous resins and possibly beeswax. In addition, fossil bitumen was present in all samples, but of different composition in samples from the cranial cavities and the thorax. The bitumen in the thorax samples closely resembles the composition of Dead Sea asphalt.
Chaim Ben David - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Roman-Period synagogues of the Golan
Journal of Roman Archaeology, 2020Co-Authors: Mechael Osband, Benjamin Arubas, Chaim Ben DavidAbstract:Synagogue chronology has been the subject of scholarly debate for decades, especially in the Galilee, where synagogues have been dated both to the Roman and Byzantine (= late-antique) Periods.1 For the Golan,2 the consensus has been that there is no evidence for them in the Roman Period, and especially not in the 2nd-3rd c. The c.30 synagogues there, nearly all in the W central Golan, have always been precluded from the debate since, with the exception of an Early Roman one at Gamla,3 the accepted dates for their construction and use are between the 4th and the 7th c. (fig. 1)
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Distribution of Kefar Hananya Type Kitchenware in Roman Period Golan: The Data from the Surveys
Tel Aviv, 2014Co-Authors: Chaim Ben DavidAbstract:It has been established that the Galilean village of Kefar Hananya was the principal supplier of kitchenware to the Galilee during the Roman Period. It has also been established that most of the Roman and early Byzantine cooking vessels of the central and southern Golan, although similar or even indistinguishable from those made at Kefar Hananya, were produced in the Golan. This paper presents the quantitative data, based mainly on surveys, on the distribution of Kefar Hananya types in the three Roman districts of the Golan: Paneas, Gaulanitis and Hippos. The quantitative data enables the drawing of a comparison between the districts themselves and between the Golan and the Galilee. The results show the significance of Kefar Hananya types in the Gaulanitis and Hippos districts, with values similar to those in the Galilee—but with values quite different from the situation in the Paneas district.
Albert Zink - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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decorated bodies for eternal life a multidisciplinary study of late Roman Period stucco shrouded portrait mummies from saqqara egypt
PLOS ONE, 2020Co-Authors: Stephanie Zesch, Manuela Gander, Marc Loth, Stephanie Panzer, Linda M Sutherland, Adel H Allam, Ibrahem Badr, Gregory S Thomas, Saskia Wetzig, Albert ZinkAbstract:This study focuses on the multidisciplinary investigation of three stucco-shrouded mummies with mummy portrait from Egypt dating from the late 3rd to the middle of the 4th century AD, corresponding to the late Roman Period. These three mummies were excavated in the early 17th and late 19th centuries in the Saqqara necropolis near the ancient Egyptian capital of Memphis. Two of them experienced an interesting collection history, when they became part of the collection of the Elector of Saxony and King of Poland August II in Dresden, Germany, in 1728. The investigation includes information about the mummies’ discovery, collection history and shroud decoration obtained through Egyptological expertise. In addition, information on the state of preservation, technique of artificial mummification, age at death, sex, body height and health of the deceased was achieved through computed tomography (CT) analysis. Research yielded an adult male, a middle-aged female and a young female. Due to the rather poorly preserved bodies of the male and middle-aged female, a specific technique of artificial mummification could not be ascertained. Brain and several internal organs of the well-preserved young female were identified. Wooden boards, beads of necklaces, a hairpin, and metal dense items, such as lead seals, nails and two coins or medallions were discovered. Paleopathological findings included carious lesions, Schmorl’s nodes, evidence of arthritis and a vertebral hemangioma. The study revealed insights on the decoration and burial preparation of individuals of upper socioeconomic status living in the late Roman Period, as well as comprehensive bioanthropological information of the deceased.
Sarah U Wisseman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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probing the mysteries of ancient egypt chemical analysis of a Roman Period egyptian mummy
Analytical Chemistry, 1992Co-Authors: Mark L Proefke, Kenneth L Rinehart, Mastura Raheel, Stnaley H Ambrose, Sarah U WissemanAbstract:Discusses the analysis and interpretation of a Roman Period mummy from the World Heritage Museum at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Small samples of wrapping fabric, wooden board, and crystallized resins were taken from the feet of the mummy. Embalming resins were analyzed and characterized by FABMS (fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry). The resin was found to be based on pine pitch (oxidized forms of abietic acid were identified). The wrapping fabrics were analyzed by macroscopic examination, solubility, and longitudinal and cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Inner wrapping fabrics were found to be woven from flax fiber, but the outer bundle was made from ramie. Bone fragments were collected and characterized by stable isotope analysis. The analysis of the mummy's delta13C (a measure of the ratio of carbon isotopes 13 and 12) from collagen and carbonate sources were consistent with a C3 type diet (bread and onions) as opposed to a C4 diet.
Jean-françois Berger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Quantifying the anthropogenic forcing on soil erosion during the Iron Age and Roman Period in southeastern France
Anthropocene, 2014Co-Authors: Bastiaan Notebaert, Jean-françois BergerAbstract:Abstract This study combines a traditional qualitative description of sedimentary units with a quantitative sediment budget approach to document the colluvial and alluvial sediment dynamics in the Valdaine region (Drome, France) from the Iron Age to the early medieval Period (700 BC–900 AD). Three transects through colluvial and alluvial deposits are discussed in detail to demonstrate the way in which absolute dating techniques and archeological evidence are combined to establish a stratigraphic framework. This framework is applied to 16 sites and further combined with an existing sediment budget to quantitatively reconstruct the catchment-wide sedimentary evolution. Results show large variations over time in sediment deposition: a first phase from 700 to 400/300 BC, followed by an incision phase between 300/200 BC and 100/50 BC, an unprecedented peak in deposition during the Roman Period (100/50 BC–450 AD), with continued but decreased deposition from 450 to 900 AD. These results show how sediment deposition relates to increased population density and anthropogenic land use on a timescale of a few centuries. The analysis indicates important erosion and deposition phases during the Roman Period, considered to be a warmer Period (Roman warm Period). A relation to particular regional climate variations could not be discovered, possibly because of the temporal resolution of the sedimentological data that still fail to identify events lasting a few decades to a century.
