The Experts below are selected from a list of 13161 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Heba M Ibrahim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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analysis of gene expression in soybean glycine max Roots in response to the Root Knot nematode meloidogyne incognita using microarrays and kegg pathways
BMC Genomics, 2011Co-Authors: Heba M Ibrahim, Parsa Hosseini, Nadim W Alkharouf, Ebtissam H A Hussein, Abd El Kader Gamal Y Eldin, Benjamin F MatthewsAbstract:Root-Knot nematodes are sedentary endoparasites that can infect more than 3000 plant species. Root-Knot nematodes cause an estimated $100 billion annual loss worldwide. For successful establishment of the Root-Knot nematode in its host plant, it causes dramatic morphological and physiological changes in plant cells. The expression of some plant genes is altered by the nematode as it establishes its feeding site. We examined the expression of soybean (Glycine max) genes in galls formed in Roots by the Root-Knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, 12 days and 10 weeks after infection to understand the effects of infection of Roots by M. incognita. Gene expression was monitored using the Affymetrix Soybean GeneChip containing 37,500 G. max probe sets. Gene expression patterns were integrated with biochemical pathways from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes using PAICE software. Genes encoding enzymes involved in carbohydrate and cell wall metabolism, cell cycle control and plant defense were altered. A number of different soybean genes were identified that were differentially expressed which provided insights into the interaction between M. incognita and soybean and into the formation and maintenance of giant cells. Some of these genes may be candidates for broadening plants resistance to Root-Knot nematode through over-expression or silencing and require further examination.
Benjamin F Matthews - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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analysis of gene expression in soybean glycine max Roots in response to the Root Knot nematode meloidogyne incognita using microarrays and kegg pathways
BMC Genomics, 2011Co-Authors: Heba M Ibrahim, Parsa Hosseini, Nadim W Alkharouf, Ebtissam H A Hussein, Abd El Kader Gamal Y Eldin, Benjamin F MatthewsAbstract:Root-Knot nematodes are sedentary endoparasites that can infect more than 3000 plant species. Root-Knot nematodes cause an estimated $100 billion annual loss worldwide. For successful establishment of the Root-Knot nematode in its host plant, it causes dramatic morphological and physiological changes in plant cells. The expression of some plant genes is altered by the nematode as it establishes its feeding site. We examined the expression of soybean (Glycine max) genes in galls formed in Roots by the Root-Knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, 12 days and 10 weeks after infection to understand the effects of infection of Roots by M. incognita. Gene expression was monitored using the Affymetrix Soybean GeneChip containing 37,500 G. max probe sets. Gene expression patterns were integrated with biochemical pathways from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes using PAICE software. Genes encoding enzymes involved in carbohydrate and cell wall metabolism, cell cycle control and plant defense were altered. A number of different soybean genes were identified that were differentially expressed which provided insights into the interaction between M. incognita and soybean and into the formation and maintenance of giant cells. Some of these genes may be candidates for broadening plants resistance to Root-Knot nematode through over-expression or silencing and require further examination.
Craig Moritz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evolution of the at rich mitochondrial dna of the Root Knot nematode meloidogyne hapla
Molecular Biology and Evolution, 1997Co-Authors: Andrew F Hugall, Julie Stanton, Craig MoritzAbstract:Mitochondrial DNA of the Root Knot nematode Meloidogyne hapla was investigated for intraspecific diversity and divergence from other parthenogenetic Root Knot nematodes. A 1,900-bp fragment containing COII. tRNA(His), 16S rRNA, ND3 and Cyt b genes has been cloned and sequenced from one individual and an 1,188-bp region within this region was sequenced from four other Australian isolates. M. hapla mtDNA is more than 80% AT-rich, like other Meloidogyne spp. Nucleotide diversity within M. hapla is some 10-fold higher than across three other parthenogenetic species of Root-Knot nematode (M. arenaria, M. javanica, and M. incognita), implying an earlier origin for M. hapla. Nucleotide divergence between M. hapla and its congener M. javanica is as great as that between Ascaris suum and Caenorhabditis elegans, members of different nematode subclasses, while amino acid sequence difference between Meloidogyne is more than twice as great. This is interpreted as an AT-bias-induced acceleration of the amino acid substitution rate, over and above saturation of nucleotide divergence in the strongly AT-biased DNA, on three lines of evidence: (1) in conserved blocks in 16S rDNA congeneric Meloidogyne have no more differences than between A. suum and C. elegans; (2) the Meloidogyne lineage has more amino acid changes relative to the Ascaris/Caenorhabditis lineage with respect to four of five outgroups, the exceptional outgroup being the only species (Apis) as AT rich as Meloidogyne; and (3) between the two Meloidogyne there are more first and second but fewer third codon position changes than between the other nematode species. M. hapla is also found to contain a 102-bp tandem repeat of at least 40 copies; a size, arrangement, and position the same as in M. javanica, but sequence comparisons did not demonstrate homology between the two repeats.
Godelieve Gheysen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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below ground attack by the Root Knot nematode meloidogyne graminicola predisposes rice to blast disease
Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions, 2017Co-Authors: Tina Kyndt, Henok Yimer Zemene, Ashley Haeck, Richard Raj Singh, David De Vleesschauwer, Simon Denil, Tim De Meyer, Monica Hofte, Kristof Demeestere, Godelieve GheysenAbstract:Magnaporthe oryzae (rice blast) and the Root-Knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola are causing two of the most important pathogenic diseases jeopardizing rice production. Here, we show that Root-Knot nematode infestation on rice Roots leads to important above-ground changes in plant immunity gene expression, which is correlated with significantly enhanced susceptibility to blast disease. A detailed metabolic analysis of oxidative stress responses and hormonal balances demonstrates that the above-ground tissues have a disturbed oxidative stress level, with accumulation of H2O2, as well as hormonal disturbances. Moreover, double infection experiments on an oxidative stress mutant and an auxin-deficient rice line indicate that the accumulation of auxin in the above-ground tissue is at least partly responsible for the blast-promoting effect of Root-Knot nematode infection.
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transcriptional reprogramming by Root Knot and migratory nematode infection in rice
New Phytologist, 2012Co-Authors: Tina Kyndt, Simon Denil, Tim De Meyer, Annelies Haegeman, Geert Trooskens, Lander Bauters, Wim Van Criekinge, Godelieve GheysenAbstract:Rice is one of the most important staple crops worldwide, but its yield is compromised by different pathogens, including plant-parasitic nematodes. In this study we have characterized specific and general responses of rice (Oryza sativa) Roots challenged with two endoparasitic nematodes with very different modes of action. Local transcriptional changes in rice Roots upon Root Knot (Meloidogyne graminicola) and Root rot nematode (RRN, Hirschmanniella oryzae) infection were studied at two time points (3 and 7 d after infection, dai), using mRNA-seq. Our results confirm that Root Knot nematodes (RKNs), which feed as sedentary endoparasites, stimulate metabolic pathways in the Root, and enhance nutrient transport towards the induced Root gall. The migratory RRNs, on the other hand, induce programmed cell death and oxidative stress, and obstruct the normal metabolic activity of the Root. While RRN infection causes up-regulation of biotic stress-related genes early in the infection, the sedentary RKNs suppress the local defense pathways (e.g. salicylic acid and ethylene pathways). Interestingly, hormone pathways mainly involved in plant development were strongly induced (gibberellin) or repressed (cytokinin) at 3 dai. These results uncover previously unrecognized nematode-induced expression profiles related to their specific infection strategy.
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a molecular study of Root Knot nematode induced feeding sites
Plant Journal, 1996Co-Authors: Walter Van Der Eycken, Janice De Almeida Engler, Dirk Inze, Marc Van Montagu, Godelieve GheysenAbstract:In a compatible interaction, Root-Knot nematodes (Meloidogyne) induce a sophisticated feeding site shortly after they have penetrated the plant Root. The feeding site contains metabolically highly active giant cells. To gain insight into the molecular aspects that are typical for giant cells, a cDNA library from tomato Roots infected with Meloidogyne incognita was differentially screened to find induced genes. Among the genes identified, two extensin genes (Lemmi8 and Lemmi11) and a Lea-like gene (Lemmi9) were studied further.
Antoine Affokpon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effectiveness of native west african arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in protecting vegetable crops against Root Knot nematodes
Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2011Co-Authors: Antoine Affokpon, Danny Coyne, Louis Lawouin, Colette Tossou, Rufin Dossou Agbede, Jozef CoosemansAbstract:Twenty strains of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), native to West Africa, and three commercial AMF, were evaluated for their protective effect against Root-Knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., in pots and field experiments in Benin. In pots, these strains were assessed in sterilized soil following inoculation of nematodes and in non-sterilized soil naturally infested with nematodes using tomato. The four strains showing greatest potential in suppressing nematode development were further assessed in the field with a relatively high natural infestation level of nematodes (155 per 100 cm3 soil) over a tomato–carrot double cropping. In the pot experiments, most native strains provided significant suppression of nematode multiplication and Root galling, but in most cases the level of nematode control depends on either sterilized or non-sterilized soils. In the field experiments, application of AMF mostly resulted in significant suppression of nematode multiplication and Root galling damage on both crops indicating that the AMF persists and remains protective against Root-Knot nematodes over two crop cycles. Field application of AMF increased tomato yields by 26% and carrot yields by over 300% compared with the non-AMF control treatments. This study demonstrates for the first time, the protective effect of indigenous West African AMF against Root-Knot nematodes on vegetables. The potential benefits of developing non-pesticide AMF-based pest management options for the intensive urban vegetable systems are evident.
