The Experts below are selected from a list of 58017 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Pietro Picuno - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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vernacular farm buildings and Rural Landscape a geospatial approach for their integrated management
Sustainability, 2019Co-Authors: Giuseppe Cillis, Dina Statuto, Pietro PicunoAbstract:Over the centuries, farm buildings, which accompany the development of agriculture, have played an important role in defining spatial and environmental planning. In some European countries in particular, these Rural structures have been built based on traditional agricultural needs and typical land characteristics. Considering the land abandonment that has occurred over the last five decades, with farmers moving to more comfortable residences in neighboring urban settlements, historical farm buildings have often been abandoned, thus causing a leakage of the historical-cultural heritage of the Rural Landscape. Nowadays, open data and geographic technologies together with advanced technological tools allow us to gather multidisciplinary information about the specific characteristics of each farm building, thus improving our knowledge. This information can greatly support the protection of those buildings and Landscapes that have high cultural and naturalistic value. In this paper, the potential of Geographic Information Systems to catalogue the farm buildings of the Basilicata region (Southern Italy) is explored. The analysis of these buildings, traditionally known as masserie, integrates some typical aspects of Landscape studies, paving the way for sustainable management of the important cultural heritage represented by vernacular farm buildings and the Rural Landscape.
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Investigating the time evolution of a Rural Landscape: How historical maps may provide environmental information when processed using a GIS
Ecological Engineering, 2019Co-Authors: Pietro Picuno, Giuseppe Cillis, Dina StatutoAbstract:Abstract A Rural Landscape is the result of the interaction among natural elements and human activities which takes place in time and space. It represents a non-renewable resource that can provide incomparable information on the general state of the environment. The rapid transformations that are taking place in the last century push towards the implementation of monitoring actions able to take into account the various components of the land use, including their concurrent time evolution as well. We performed an analysis of temporal transformations of a Rural Landscape using an open-source GIS approach that allowed for mainstreaming of the main features of this Rural Landscape, i.e. land use patterns, naturalness dynamics, Landscape diversity and visual quality. These four parameters have been selected since they represent those which most affect the processes at the base of the environmental planning and management of a Rural Landscape. The survey has been carried out over a period of 138 years, using historical maps, interpretation of aerial photos and implementing digital cartography, that have been retrieved with reference to a study area located in the Basilicata Region (southern Italy), which is considered a territory with an high Rural – i.e., both natural and agricultural - Landscape value. This methodology has allowed for the examination of the Landscape from different points of view, experimenting the performance of a multi-temporal and inter-disciplinary analysis. The main results show – since the Landscape has been completely transformed by man in terms of land use – that the areas covered in the past by forest have been transformed into agricultural areas, as opposed to some areas where re-naturalisation processes have taken place. Starting from this first analysis, the implemented methodology, based on a multidisciplinary approach, has enabled to identify the transformations which have greatly influenced the time evolution of the study area. The resulted assessment of land use patterns, Landscape diversity, naturalness dynamics and visual quality of this study area, thus enables suitable strategies for the restoration of the local Rural ecosystems.
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GIS-based Analysis of Temporal Evolution of Rural Landscape: A Case Study in Southern Italy
Natural Resources Research, 2019Co-Authors: Dina Statuto, Giuseppe Cillis, Pietro PicunoAbstract:The apparent features of a Rural Landscape are the final result of the interaction among several natural and anthropic factors. The analysis of a Landscape, as well as the identification of its best management strategies, can be improved when useful information about its modifications along a wide time period is available, so as to assess the effect of the transformations that have taken place there. The implementation within a geographic information system (GIS) of geographical information derived from ancient historical maps, combined with modern digital cartography and recent remote sensing images may provide a very powerful tool for a better-informed analysis and targeted decision-making strategies about the most appropriate Rural Landscape planning. With the purpose to detect the land use changes in a typical Rural Landscape in the Basilicata Region (Southern Italy), spatial analysis using free and open-source GIS tools, in which data covering a period of about two centuries, from 1829 to 2017, were implemented. This multi-temporal analysis was carried out to investigate the Landscape structure transformations through the assessment of land use change and the implementation of a methodology for the identification of areas in which there has been a natural evolution of the Rural Landscape. Then, using Landscape metrics and spatial analysis tools, some areas in which the Landscape has naturally evolved without any anthropic intervention during these 188 years have been identified, and changes occurred on the Rural Landscape were assessed quantitatively.
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Using Historical Maps within a GIS to Analyze Two Centuries of Rural Landscape Changes in Southern Italy
Land, 2017Co-Authors: Dina Statuto, Giuseppe Cillis, Pietro PicunoAbstract:The current characteristics of a Rural Landscape may be better understood if suitable information related to its past is available. The availability of a Geographical Information System (GIS) can enable the analysis of Landscape features in relation to several aspects, e.g., the evolution and mutual inter-relation among different ecosystems, the impact and sustainability of human activities, the visual characteristics of a Landscape, etc. The analysis of geographical information, derived from historical maps, within a GIS could, therefore, prove to be a very powerful tool, for a better-informed decision-making and management of a Rural Landscape. With the aim to identify the land use changes in a Rural area located in the Basilicata Region (Southern Italy), a territorial analysis was conducted through a GIS, in which data taken from historical maps—covering a period of 184 years, from 1829 to 2013—were implemented. Three-dimensional reconstruction of the Rural Landscape during different periods were obtained through digital terrain models (DTM). The land cover changes were also evaluated, demonstrating how they have affected the quality of the forest ecosystem in the area. The final results that were obtained comparing historical documents and current maps enabled the evaluation of the multi-temporal, morphological, and vegetation variations in this Rural Landscape. The analysis that was conducted has great potential for assessing and monitoring Landscape diversity and typical changes of vegetation, even in different geographical locations, where appropriate interventions in Landscape structures may be so planned.
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Rural Landscape planning through spatial modelling and image processing of historical maps
Land Use Policy, 2015Co-Authors: A Tortora, Dina Statuto, Pietro PicunoAbstract:Rural land has been affected over the years by profound, complex and difficult to understand transformations due to natural events, human intervention and changes in natural cycles. Nowadays, the analysis of Rural land as well as the environment and Landscape is made easier and more complete through the use of powerful and reliable tools; many changes can be considered to be models of territorial development that may prove useful in the appropriate planning of interventions in a Rural area. In this paper the land use changes in a Rural area located in Southern Italy were analysed by comparing some historical cartographic supports produced by the Italian Geographic Military Institute at different periods over about 160 years with modern maps, in order to evaluate the morphological and vegetation variations of agro-forestry land. The results in terms of Landscape modification of the study area show significant changes: the agricultural and forestry land has been affected by deep transformations. Land use and morphological changes at four time steps were conducted through the implementation of digital terrain models, which were enriched by draping land cover pictures over them; these finally enabled an evaluation in a scenic way of the morphological and vegetation variations of the agro-forestry Landscape, allowing a virtual jump back to periods when digital aerial photography was not yet possible. Multitemporal analysis with the support of GIS techniques has great potential for assessing and monitoring Landscape diversity and typical changes of vegetation and for planning sound interventions in Landscape structures.
Dina Statuto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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vernacular farm buildings and Rural Landscape a geospatial approach for their integrated management
Sustainability, 2019Co-Authors: Giuseppe Cillis, Dina Statuto, Pietro PicunoAbstract:Over the centuries, farm buildings, which accompany the development of agriculture, have played an important role in defining spatial and environmental planning. In some European countries in particular, these Rural structures have been built based on traditional agricultural needs and typical land characteristics. Considering the land abandonment that has occurred over the last five decades, with farmers moving to more comfortable residences in neighboring urban settlements, historical farm buildings have often been abandoned, thus causing a leakage of the historical-cultural heritage of the Rural Landscape. Nowadays, open data and geographic technologies together with advanced technological tools allow us to gather multidisciplinary information about the specific characteristics of each farm building, thus improving our knowledge. This information can greatly support the protection of those buildings and Landscapes that have high cultural and naturalistic value. In this paper, the potential of Geographic Information Systems to catalogue the farm buildings of the Basilicata region (Southern Italy) is explored. The analysis of these buildings, traditionally known as masserie, integrates some typical aspects of Landscape studies, paving the way for sustainable management of the important cultural heritage represented by vernacular farm buildings and the Rural Landscape.
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Investigating the time evolution of a Rural Landscape: How historical maps may provide environmental information when processed using a GIS
Ecological Engineering, 2019Co-Authors: Pietro Picuno, Giuseppe Cillis, Dina StatutoAbstract:Abstract A Rural Landscape is the result of the interaction among natural elements and human activities which takes place in time and space. It represents a non-renewable resource that can provide incomparable information on the general state of the environment. The rapid transformations that are taking place in the last century push towards the implementation of monitoring actions able to take into account the various components of the land use, including their concurrent time evolution as well. We performed an analysis of temporal transformations of a Rural Landscape using an open-source GIS approach that allowed for mainstreaming of the main features of this Rural Landscape, i.e. land use patterns, naturalness dynamics, Landscape diversity and visual quality. These four parameters have been selected since they represent those which most affect the processes at the base of the environmental planning and management of a Rural Landscape. The survey has been carried out over a period of 138 years, using historical maps, interpretation of aerial photos and implementing digital cartography, that have been retrieved with reference to a study area located in the Basilicata Region (southern Italy), which is considered a territory with an high Rural – i.e., both natural and agricultural - Landscape value. This methodology has allowed for the examination of the Landscape from different points of view, experimenting the performance of a multi-temporal and inter-disciplinary analysis. The main results show – since the Landscape has been completely transformed by man in terms of land use – that the areas covered in the past by forest have been transformed into agricultural areas, as opposed to some areas where re-naturalisation processes have taken place. Starting from this first analysis, the implemented methodology, based on a multidisciplinary approach, has enabled to identify the transformations which have greatly influenced the time evolution of the study area. The resulted assessment of land use patterns, Landscape diversity, naturalness dynamics and visual quality of this study area, thus enables suitable strategies for the restoration of the local Rural ecosystems.
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GIS-based Analysis of Temporal Evolution of Rural Landscape: A Case Study in Southern Italy
Natural Resources Research, 2019Co-Authors: Dina Statuto, Giuseppe Cillis, Pietro PicunoAbstract:The apparent features of a Rural Landscape are the final result of the interaction among several natural and anthropic factors. The analysis of a Landscape, as well as the identification of its best management strategies, can be improved when useful information about its modifications along a wide time period is available, so as to assess the effect of the transformations that have taken place there. The implementation within a geographic information system (GIS) of geographical information derived from ancient historical maps, combined with modern digital cartography and recent remote sensing images may provide a very powerful tool for a better-informed analysis and targeted decision-making strategies about the most appropriate Rural Landscape planning. With the purpose to detect the land use changes in a typical Rural Landscape in the Basilicata Region (Southern Italy), spatial analysis using free and open-source GIS tools, in which data covering a period of about two centuries, from 1829 to 2017, were implemented. This multi-temporal analysis was carried out to investigate the Landscape structure transformations through the assessment of land use change and the implementation of a methodology for the identification of areas in which there has been a natural evolution of the Rural Landscape. Then, using Landscape metrics and spatial analysis tools, some areas in which the Landscape has naturally evolved without any anthropic intervention during these 188 years have been identified, and changes occurred on the Rural Landscape were assessed quantitatively.
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Using Historical Maps within a GIS to Analyze Two Centuries of Rural Landscape Changes in Southern Italy
Land, 2017Co-Authors: Dina Statuto, Giuseppe Cillis, Pietro PicunoAbstract:The current characteristics of a Rural Landscape may be better understood if suitable information related to its past is available. The availability of a Geographical Information System (GIS) can enable the analysis of Landscape features in relation to several aspects, e.g., the evolution and mutual inter-relation among different ecosystems, the impact and sustainability of human activities, the visual characteristics of a Landscape, etc. The analysis of geographical information, derived from historical maps, within a GIS could, therefore, prove to be a very powerful tool, for a better-informed decision-making and management of a Rural Landscape. With the aim to identify the land use changes in a Rural area located in the Basilicata Region (Southern Italy), a territorial analysis was conducted through a GIS, in which data taken from historical maps—covering a period of 184 years, from 1829 to 2013—were implemented. Three-dimensional reconstruction of the Rural Landscape during different periods were obtained through digital terrain models (DTM). The land cover changes were also evaluated, demonstrating how they have affected the quality of the forest ecosystem in the area. The final results that were obtained comparing historical documents and current maps enabled the evaluation of the multi-temporal, morphological, and vegetation variations in this Rural Landscape. The analysis that was conducted has great potential for assessing and monitoring Landscape diversity and typical changes of vegetation, even in different geographical locations, where appropriate interventions in Landscape structures may be so planned.
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Rural Landscape planning through spatial modelling and image processing of historical maps
Land Use Policy, 2015Co-Authors: A Tortora, Dina Statuto, Pietro PicunoAbstract:Rural land has been affected over the years by profound, complex and difficult to understand transformations due to natural events, human intervention and changes in natural cycles. Nowadays, the analysis of Rural land as well as the environment and Landscape is made easier and more complete through the use of powerful and reliable tools; many changes can be considered to be models of territorial development that may prove useful in the appropriate planning of interventions in a Rural area. In this paper the land use changes in a Rural area located in Southern Italy were analysed by comparing some historical cartographic supports produced by the Italian Geographic Military Institute at different periods over about 160 years with modern maps, in order to evaluate the morphological and vegetation variations of agro-forestry land. The results in terms of Landscape modification of the study area show significant changes: the agricultural and forestry land has been affected by deep transformations. Land use and morphological changes at four time steps were conducted through the implementation of digital terrain models, which were enriched by draping land cover pictures over them; these finally enabled an evaluation in a scenic way of the morphological and vegetation variations of the agro-forestry Landscape, allowing a virtual jump back to periods when digital aerial photography was not yet possible. Multitemporal analysis with the support of GIS techniques has great potential for assessing and monitoring Landscape diversity and typical changes of vegetation and for planning sound interventions in Landscape structures.
Olivier Lourdais - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Isolation-by-distance and male-biased dispersal at a fine spatial scale: a study of the common European adder (Vipera berus) in a Rural Landscape
Conservation Genetics, 2021Co-Authors: Donatien François, Sylvain Ursenbacher, Alexandre Boissinot, Frédéric Ysnel, Olivier LourdaisAbstract:Human activities have a major impact on habitat connectivity and Landscape structure. In this context, it is critical to better understand animal movements and gene flow to develop appropriate conservation and land management measures. It is also important to better understand difference between sexes in space use and spatial scale of dispersal. We studied the common adder ( Vipera berus ), an elusive snake species with low mobility that is facing a substantial decline in Europe. A systematic sampling was carried out to clarify the dispersal pattern at a fine spatial scale (10 × 7 km^2) in a Rural Landscape with both semi-natural (preserved heathlands, hedgerow networks) and degraded (crops, roads) habitats. Based on 280 captured adults and using 11 microsatellite markers, we detected no marked genetic differentiation, however, we detected relatively strong isolation-by-distance (IBD). Under IBD, we quantified a low neighborhood size ( N _ s ≈ 50) associated with limited natal dispersal (σ ≤ 1 km). We detected sex-biased dispersal in favor of males, but the pattern was dependent on the spatial scale considered. Our results also suggest that there is higher genetic diversity in the preserved habitat, notably among males. Overall, our study underlines the importance of sex variation in dispersal, and the spatial scale of Landscape effects. This contrast between sexes should be considered to improve functional connectivity at fine spatial scales for reptile conservation.
Tibor Hartel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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farmed areas predict the distribution of amphibian ponds in a traditional Rural Landscape
PLOS ONE, 2013Co-Authors: Tibor Hartel, Henrik Von WehrdenAbstract:Background Traditional Rural Landscapes of Eastern Europe are undergoing major changes due to agricultural intensification, land abandonment, change in agricultural practices and infrastructural development. Small man-made ponds are important yet vulnerable components of Rural Landscapes. Despite their important role for biodiversity, these ponds tend to be excluded from conservation strategies. Methodology/Findings Our study was conducted in a traditional Rural Landscape in Eastern Europe. The aim of this study is twofold: (i) to model the distribution of four major man-made pond types and (ii) to present the importance of man-made ponds for the endangered Yellow Bellied Toad (Bombina variegata) and the Common Toad (Bufo bufo). Six environmental variables were used to model pond distribution: Corine landcover, the heterogeneity of the landcover, slope, road distance, distance to closest village and the human population density. Land cover heterogeneity was the most important driver for the distribution of fishponds. Areas used for agriculture with significant areas of natural vegetation were the most important predictors for the distribution of temporary ponds. In addition, areas covered by transitional woodland and scrub were important for the open cattle ponds. Bombina variegata was found predominantly in the temporary ponds (e.g. ponds created by cattle and buffalo, dirt road ponds and concrete ponds created for livestock drinking) and Bufo bufo in fishponds. Conclusions/Significance Our Maxent models revealed that the highest probability of occurrence for amphibian ponds was in areas used as farmland. The traditional farming practices combined with a low level of infrastructure development produces a large number of amphibian ponds. The challenge is to harmonize economic development and the maintenance of high densities of ponds in these traditional Rural Landscapes.
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using connectivity metrics and niche modelling to explore the occurrence of the northern crested newt triturus cristatus amphibia caudata in a traditionally managed Landscape
Environmental Conservation, 2010Co-Authors: Tibor Hartel, Kinga Ollerer, Dan Cogălniceanu, Szilard Nemes, Cosmin Ioan Moga, J W ArntzenAbstract:SUMMARY Spatial models are increasingly employed to help understand the distribution of organisms and establish conservation priorities. Classic patch- orientated models may have limited power to accurately predict the organismsdistributions. Pond breeding amphibians are appropriate study organisms because of their complex life cycle, low dispersal and sensitivity to environmental conditions. Here connectivity metrics and niche modelling were used to predict the occurrence of the northern crested newt in a Rural Landscape from central Romania. Pond-related variables, such as macrophyte cover and the presence of predatory fish, were the most important predictors of newt occurrence, followed by one Landscape-related variable (urbanization) and a connectivity metric (nearest neighbouring occupied pond).MostoftheLandscapeandconnectivityvariables were not adequate predictors, presumably because most of the terrestrial habitats in this traditionally used Rural Landscape are ecologically optimal for amphibians. Conservation measures for the northern crested newt should promote the preservation of traditional extensive agricultural practices and discourage stocking of ponds with predatory fish.
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amphibian distribution in a traditionally managed Rural Landscape of eastern europe probing the effect of Landscape composition
Biological Conservation, 2010Co-Authors: Tibor Hartel, Oliver Schweiger, Kinga Ollerer, Dan Cogălniceanu, J W ArntzenAbstract:A massive decline of biodiversity is caused by land-use changes. Efforts must therefore be made to better understand the factors that govern organismal distribution, especially for countries where traditional management is about to be intensified such as in Romania. We here document the spatial distribution of amphibians from a Romanian Rural Landscape where land-use is still largely traditional. We related the occurrence of nine amphibian species and species richness to measures of composition and configuration of the Landscape surrounding 54 ponds at three spatial scales: circular areas of 400, 600 and 800 m radii. Busy roads most severely impacted single species and amphibian richness whereas Landscape composition measures, such as cover of urban areas, agricultural areas, pastures, forests and wetlands were of little importance. We suggest that the relative unimportance of Landscape compositional measures on amphibians is a consequence of the traditional management of these Landscapes that keep the environmental conditions favorable for most species.
Giuseppe Cillis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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vernacular farm buildings and Rural Landscape a geospatial approach for their integrated management
Sustainability, 2019Co-Authors: Giuseppe Cillis, Dina Statuto, Pietro PicunoAbstract:Over the centuries, farm buildings, which accompany the development of agriculture, have played an important role in defining spatial and environmental planning. In some European countries in particular, these Rural structures have been built based on traditional agricultural needs and typical land characteristics. Considering the land abandonment that has occurred over the last five decades, with farmers moving to more comfortable residences in neighboring urban settlements, historical farm buildings have often been abandoned, thus causing a leakage of the historical-cultural heritage of the Rural Landscape. Nowadays, open data and geographic technologies together with advanced technological tools allow us to gather multidisciplinary information about the specific characteristics of each farm building, thus improving our knowledge. This information can greatly support the protection of those buildings and Landscapes that have high cultural and naturalistic value. In this paper, the potential of Geographic Information Systems to catalogue the farm buildings of the Basilicata region (Southern Italy) is explored. The analysis of these buildings, traditionally known as masserie, integrates some typical aspects of Landscape studies, paving the way for sustainable management of the important cultural heritage represented by vernacular farm buildings and the Rural Landscape.
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Investigating the time evolution of a Rural Landscape: How historical maps may provide environmental information when processed using a GIS
Ecological Engineering, 2019Co-Authors: Pietro Picuno, Giuseppe Cillis, Dina StatutoAbstract:Abstract A Rural Landscape is the result of the interaction among natural elements and human activities which takes place in time and space. It represents a non-renewable resource that can provide incomparable information on the general state of the environment. The rapid transformations that are taking place in the last century push towards the implementation of monitoring actions able to take into account the various components of the land use, including their concurrent time evolution as well. We performed an analysis of temporal transformations of a Rural Landscape using an open-source GIS approach that allowed for mainstreaming of the main features of this Rural Landscape, i.e. land use patterns, naturalness dynamics, Landscape diversity and visual quality. These four parameters have been selected since they represent those which most affect the processes at the base of the environmental planning and management of a Rural Landscape. The survey has been carried out over a period of 138 years, using historical maps, interpretation of aerial photos and implementing digital cartography, that have been retrieved with reference to a study area located in the Basilicata Region (southern Italy), which is considered a territory with an high Rural – i.e., both natural and agricultural - Landscape value. This methodology has allowed for the examination of the Landscape from different points of view, experimenting the performance of a multi-temporal and inter-disciplinary analysis. The main results show – since the Landscape has been completely transformed by man in terms of land use – that the areas covered in the past by forest have been transformed into agricultural areas, as opposed to some areas where re-naturalisation processes have taken place. Starting from this first analysis, the implemented methodology, based on a multidisciplinary approach, has enabled to identify the transformations which have greatly influenced the time evolution of the study area. The resulted assessment of land use patterns, Landscape diversity, naturalness dynamics and visual quality of this study area, thus enables suitable strategies for the restoration of the local Rural ecosystems.
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GIS-based Analysis of Temporal Evolution of Rural Landscape: A Case Study in Southern Italy
Natural Resources Research, 2019Co-Authors: Dina Statuto, Giuseppe Cillis, Pietro PicunoAbstract:The apparent features of a Rural Landscape are the final result of the interaction among several natural and anthropic factors. The analysis of a Landscape, as well as the identification of its best management strategies, can be improved when useful information about its modifications along a wide time period is available, so as to assess the effect of the transformations that have taken place there. The implementation within a geographic information system (GIS) of geographical information derived from ancient historical maps, combined with modern digital cartography and recent remote sensing images may provide a very powerful tool for a better-informed analysis and targeted decision-making strategies about the most appropriate Rural Landscape planning. With the purpose to detect the land use changes in a typical Rural Landscape in the Basilicata Region (Southern Italy), spatial analysis using free and open-source GIS tools, in which data covering a period of about two centuries, from 1829 to 2017, were implemented. This multi-temporal analysis was carried out to investigate the Landscape structure transformations through the assessment of land use change and the implementation of a methodology for the identification of areas in which there has been a natural evolution of the Rural Landscape. Then, using Landscape metrics and spatial analysis tools, some areas in which the Landscape has naturally evolved without any anthropic intervention during these 188 years have been identified, and changes occurred on the Rural Landscape were assessed quantitatively.
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Using Historical Maps within a GIS to Analyze Two Centuries of Rural Landscape Changes in Southern Italy
Land, 2017Co-Authors: Dina Statuto, Giuseppe Cillis, Pietro PicunoAbstract:The current characteristics of a Rural Landscape may be better understood if suitable information related to its past is available. The availability of a Geographical Information System (GIS) can enable the analysis of Landscape features in relation to several aspects, e.g., the evolution and mutual inter-relation among different ecosystems, the impact and sustainability of human activities, the visual characteristics of a Landscape, etc. The analysis of geographical information, derived from historical maps, within a GIS could, therefore, prove to be a very powerful tool, for a better-informed decision-making and management of a Rural Landscape. With the aim to identify the land use changes in a Rural area located in the Basilicata Region (Southern Italy), a territorial analysis was conducted through a GIS, in which data taken from historical maps—covering a period of 184 years, from 1829 to 2013—were implemented. Three-dimensional reconstruction of the Rural Landscape during different periods were obtained through digital terrain models (DTM). The land cover changes were also evaluated, demonstrating how they have affected the quality of the forest ecosystem in the area. The final results that were obtained comparing historical documents and current maps enabled the evaluation of the multi-temporal, morphological, and vegetation variations in this Rural Landscape. The analysis that was conducted has great potential for assessing and monitoring Landscape diversity and typical changes of vegetation, even in different geographical locations, where appropriate interventions in Landscape structures may be so planned.
