Saccharomyces bayanus

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Huu-vang Nguyen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • truncation of gal4p explains the inactivation of the gal mel regulon in both Saccharomyces bayanus and some Saccharomyces cerevisiae wine strains
    Fems Yeast Research, 2016
    Co-Authors: Rémi Dulermo, Cecile Neuveglise, Jean Luc Legras, François Brunel, Hugo Devillers, Veronique Sarilar, Huu-vang Nguyen
    Abstract:

    In the past, the galactose-negative (Gal(-)) phenotype was a key physiological character used to distinguish Saccharomyces bayanus from S. cerevisiae In this work, we investigated the inactivation of GAL gene networks in S. bayanus, which is an S. uvarum/S. eubayanus hybrid, and in S. cerevisiae wine strains erroneously labelled 'S. bayanus'. We made an inventory of their GAL genes using genomes that were either available publicly, re-sequenced by us, or assembled from public data and completed with targeted sequencing. In the S. eubayanus/S. uvarum CBS 380(T) hybrid, the GAL/MEL network is composed of genes from both parents: from S. uvarum, an otherwise complete set that lacks GAL4, and from S. eubayanus, a truncated version of GAL4 and an additional copy of GAL3 and GAL80 Similarly, two different truncated GAL4 alleles were found in S. cerevisiae wine strains EC1118 and LalvinQA23. The lack of GAL4 activity in these strains was corrected by introducing a full-length copy of S. cerevisiae GAL4 on a CEN4/ARS plasmid. Transformation with this plasmid restored galactose utilisation in Gal(-) strains, and melibiose fermentation in strain CBS 380(T) The melibiose fermentation phenotype, formerly regarded as characteristic of S. uvarum, turned out to be widespread among Saccharomyces species.

  • Truncation of Gal4p explains the inactivation of the GAL/MEL regulon in both Saccharomyces bayanus and some Saccharomyces cerevisiae wine strains
    FEMS Yeast Research, 2016
    Co-Authors: Rémi Dulermo, Cecile Neuveglise, Jean Luc Legras, François Brunel, Hugo Devillers, Veronique Sarilar, Huu-vang Nguyen
    Abstract:

    In the past, the galactose-negative (Gal(-)) phenotype was a key physiological character used to distinguish Saccharomyces bayanus from S. cerevisiae In this work, we investigated the inactivation of GAL gene networks in S. bayanus, which is an S. uvarum/S. eubayanus hybrid, and in S. cerevisiae wine strains erroneously labelled 'S. bayanus'. We made an inventory of their GAL genes using genomes that were either available publicly, re-sequenced by us, or assembled from public data and completed with targeted sequencing. In the S. eubayanus/S. uvarum CBS 380(T) hybrid, the GAL/MEL network is composed of genes from both parents: from S. uvarum, an otherwise complete set that lacks GAL4, and from S. eubayanus, a truncated version of GAL4 and an additional copy of GAL3 and GAL80 Similarly, two different truncated GAL4 alleles were found in S. cerevisiae wine strains EC1118 and LalvinQA23. The lack of GAL4 activity in these strains was corrected by introducing a full-length copy of S. cerevisiae GAL4 on a CEN4/ARS plasmid. Transformation with this plasmid restored galactose utilisation in Gal(-) strains, and melibiose fermentation in strain CBS 380(T) The melibiose fermentation phenotype, formerly regarded as characteristic of S. uvarum, turned out to be widespread among Saccharomyces species.

  • deciphering the hybridisation history leading to the lager lineage based on the mosaic genomes of Saccharomyces bayanus strains nbrc1948 and cbs380t
    PLOS ONE, 2011
    Co-Authors: Claude Gaillardin, Cecile Neuveglise, Jean Luc Legras, Huu-vang Nguyen
    Abstract:

    Saccharomyces bayanus is a yeast species described as one of the two parents of the hybrid brewing yeast S. pastorianus. Strains CBS380T and NBRC1948 have been retained successively as pure-line representatives of S. bayanus. In the present study, sequence analyses confirmed and upgraded our previous finding: S. bayanus type strain CBS380T harbours a mosaic genome. The genome of strain NBRC1948 was also revealed to be mosaic. Both genomes were characterized by amplification and sequencing of different markers, including genes involved in maltotriose utilization or genes detected by array-CGH mapping. Sequence comparisons with public Saccharomyces spp. nucleotide sequences revealed that the CBS380T and NBRC1948 genomes are composed of: a predominant non-cerevisiae genetic background belonging to S. uvarum, a second unidentified species provisionally named S. lagerae, and several introgressed S. cerevisiae fragments. The largest cerevisiae-introgressed DNA common to both genomes totals 70kb in length and is distributed in three contigs, cA, cB and cC. These vary in terms of length and presence of MAL31 or MTY1 (maltotriose-transporter gene). In NBRC1948, two additional cerevisiae-contigs, cD and cE, totaling 12kb in length, as well as several smaller cerevisiae fragments were identified. All of these contigs were partially detected in the genomes of S. pastorianus lager strains CBS1503 (S. monacensis) and CBS1513 (S. carlsbergensis) explaining the noticeable common ability of S. bayanus and S. pastorianus to metabolize maltotriose. NBRC1948 was shown to be inter-fertile with S. uvarum CBS7001. The cross involving these two strains produced F1 segregants resembling the strains CBS380T or NRRLY-1551. This demonstrates that these S. bayanus strains were the offspring of a cross between S. uvarum and a strain similar to NBRC1948. Phylogenies established with selected cerevisiae and non-cerevisiae genes allowed us to decipher the complex hybridisation events linking S. lagerae/S. uvarum/S. cerevisiae with their hybrid species, S. bayanus/pastorianus.

  • evolutionary relationships between the former species Saccharomyces uvarum and the hybrids Saccharomyces bayanus and Saccharomyces pastorianus reinstatement of Saccharomyces uvarum beijerinck as a distinct species
    Fems Yeast Research, 2005
    Co-Authors: Huu-vang Nguyen, Claude Gaillardin
    Abstract:

    Analysis of the nucleotide sequence of the GDH1 homologues from Saccharomyces bayanus strain CBS 380T and S. pastorianus strains showed that they share an almost identical sequence, SuGDH1*, which is a diverged form of the SuGDH1 from the type strain of the former species S. uvarum, considered as synonym of S. bayanus. SuGDH1* is close to but differs from SuGDH1 by the accumulation of a high number of neutral substitutions designated as Multiple Neutral Mutations Accumulation (MNMA). Further analysis carried out with three other markers, BAP2, HO and MET2 showed that they have also diverged from their S. uvarum counterparts by MNMA. S. bayanus CBS 380T is placed between S. uvarum and S. pastorianus sharing MET2, CDC91 sequences with the former and BAP2, GDH1, HO sequences with the latter. S. bayanus CBS 380T has been proposed to be a S. uvarum/S. cerevisiae hybrid and this proposal is confirmed by the presence in its genome a S. cerevisiae SUC4 gene. Strain S. bayanus CBS 380T, with a composite genome, is genetically isolated from strains of the former S. uvarum species, thus justifying the reinstatement of S. uvarum as a distinct species.

Gennadi I Naumov - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Genetic diversity study of the yeast Saccharomyces bayanus var. uvarum reveals introgressed subtelomeric Saccharomyces cerevisiae genes
    Research in Microbiology, 2011
    Co-Authors: E. S. Naumova, Gennadi I Naumov, Yulia V. Michailova, Nikolay N. Martynenko, Isabelle Masneuf-pomarede
    Abstract:

    Intraspecies polymorphism of the yeast Saccharomyces bayanus var. uvarum was studied using the polymerase chain reaction with a microsatellite primer (GTG)5. Sixty-nine strains of different origins were analyzed. There existed a correlation between PCR patterns of the strains and the source of their isolation: the type of wine and the particular winemaking region. Southern hybridization analysis revealed for the first time introgression between Saccharomyces cerevisiae and S. bayanus var. uvarum. Two strains isolated from alcoholic beverages in Hungary and identified by genetic analysis as S. bayanus var. uvarum were found to harbor a number of S. cerevisiae subtelomeric sequences: Y’, SUC, RTM and MAL.

  • viral dsrna in the wine yeast Saccharomyces bayanus var uvarum
    Research in Microbiology, 2007
    Co-Authors: Yuliya V Ivannikova, E. S. Naumova, Gennadi I Naumov
    Abstract:

    Abstract The presence of viral dsRNA (L and M fractions) in the cryophilic yeast Saccharomyces bayanus var. uvarum is documented here for the first time. Sixty-eight strains of different origins were analyzed. Most of them did not carry dsRNA; the L fraction was found in seven strains, while 11 strains had both L and M fractions. The size of the L fraction was invariable (4.5 kb), as in the cultured yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae . In contrast to L-dsRNA, the M fraction varied in size from ca. 1.2 to 1.8 kb. In total, seven different M-dsRNA types were recognized (M 1 –M 3 and M 8 –M 11 ), predominantly among French wine strains of S. bayanus var. uvarum . Phenotypic analysis revealed that the M-dsRNAs found were cryptic and may represent mutant forms of killer plasmids.

  • molecular genetic study of introgression between Saccharomyces bayanus and s cerevisiae
    Yeast, 2005
    Co-Authors: E. S. Naumova, Gennadi I Naumov, Isabelle Masneufpomarede, Michel Aigle, Denis Dubourdieu
    Abstract:

    The genomic constitution of different S. bayanus strains and natural interspecific Saccharomyces hybrids has been studied by genetic and molecular methods. Unlike S. bayanus var. uvarum, some S. bayanus var. bayanus strains (the type culture CBS 380, CBS 378, CBS 425, CBS 1548) harbour a number of S. cerevisiae subtelomeric sequences: Y', pEL50, SUC, RTM and MAL. The two varieties, having 86-100% nDNA-nDNA reassociation, are partly genetically isolated from one another but completely isolated from S. cerevisiae. Genetic and molecular data support the maintaining of var. bayanus and var. uvarum strains in the species S. bayanus. Using Southern hybridization with species-specific molecular markers, RFLP of the MET2 gene and flow cytometry analysis, we showed that the non-S. cerevisiae parents are different in lager brewing yeasts and in wine hybrid strains. Our results suggest that S. pastorianus is a hybrid between S. cerevisiae and S. bayanus var. bayanus, while S. bayanus var. uvarum contributed to the formation of the wine hybrids S6U and CID1. According to the partial sequence of ACT1 gene and flow cytometry analysis, strain CID1 is a triple hybrid between S. cerevisiae, S. kudriavzevii and S. bayanus var. uvarum.

  • hybrids Saccharomyces cerevisiae x Saccharomyces bayanus var uvarum having a high liberating ability of some sulfur varietal aromas of vitis vinifera sauvignon blanc wines
    OENO One, 2002
    Co-Authors: Isabelle Masneufpomarede, Gennadi I Naumov, Marielaure Murat, Takatoshi Tominaga, Denis Dubourdieu
    Abstract:

    We measured ability of some indigenous Saccharomyces bayanus var. uvarum wine yeasts to release volatile thiols from their S-cysteine conjugate precursors, odorous compounds responsible for the characteristic aroma of Sauvignon blanc wines. We also made interspecific hybrids between Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces bayanus var. uvarum strains and verified their hybrid origin with karyotypes and MET2 PCR-RFLP analysis. As compared to the parents, some hybrids could release high amounts of volatile thiols from the S-cysteine conjugate precursor without producing excessive amounts of β-phenylethyl alcohol and its acetate. One hybrid was retained for industrial production under a dry form and successfully compared with Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains in experimental tests in different cellars.

  • Saccharomyces bayanus var uvarum in tokaj wine making of slovakia and hungary
    Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2002
    Co-Authors: Gennadi I Naumov, E. S. Naumova, Zsuzsa Antunovics, Matthias Sipiczki
    Abstract:

    Using genetic hybridisation analysis and molecular karyotyping we revealed an association of Saccharomyces bayanus var. uvarum species with Tokaj wine-making. Along with identification of Saccharomyces strains isolated by E. Minarik in Slovakia, the composition of Tokaj populations in Hungary was studied. Twenty-eight Hungarian Saccharomyces strains were analysed in terms of karyotype. The majority of strains belong to S. bayanus var. uvarum. Two non-identified Saccharomyces strains were found to be polyploid according to their complex karyotype patterns.

E. S. Naumova - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • molecular polymorphism of pectinase genes pgu of Saccharomyces bayanus var uvarum yeast
    Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2019
    Co-Authors: E. S. Naumova, Yu M Shalamitskiy, G I Naumov
    Abstract:

    A molecular genetic study of pectinase PGU genes from 74 strains of the yeast Saccharomyces bayanus var. uvarum isolated from various fermentation processes and natural sources in different regions of Europe and the United States has been performed. Unlike the S. cerevisiae yeasts, each having a single PGU gene, the S. bayanus var. uvarum strains have three divergent genes, PGU1b, PGU2b, and PGU3b, which are located respectively on chromosomes X, I, and XIV. The high pectinolytic activity of these yeasts appears to be related to the presence of several PGU polymeric genes in their genomes.

  • Taxonomy, ecology, and genetics of the yeast Saccharomyces bayanus: A new object for science and practice
    Microbiology, 2011
    Co-Authors: G I Naumov, E. S. Naumova, N. N. Martynenko, I. Masneuf-pomaréde
    Abstract:

    The review considers various aspects of the biology of the yeast Saccharomyces bayanus , which is distantly related to the cultured yeast S. cerevisiae. The cryotolerant S. bayanus strains found in wine-making became the second most important yeast for basic and applied studies. Introduction of natural and experimental hybrids of S. cerevisiae × S. bayanus in a range of fermentation processes indicates the high breeding importance of S. bayanus . The biological species S. bayanus acts as a new gene pool for the scientific and breeding projects.

  • Genetic diversity study of the yeast Saccharomyces bayanus var. uvarum reveals introgressed subtelomeric Saccharomyces cerevisiae genes
    Research in Microbiology, 2011
    Co-Authors: E. S. Naumova, Gennadi I Naumov, Yulia V. Michailova, Nikolay N. Martynenko, Isabelle Masneuf-pomarede
    Abstract:

    Intraspecies polymorphism of the yeast Saccharomyces bayanus var. uvarum was studied using the polymerase chain reaction with a microsatellite primer (GTG)5. Sixty-nine strains of different origins were analyzed. There existed a correlation between PCR patterns of the strains and the source of their isolation: the type of wine and the particular winemaking region. Southern hybridization analysis revealed for the first time introgression between Saccharomyces cerevisiae and S. bayanus var. uvarum. Two strains isolated from alcoholic beverages in Hungary and identified by genetic analysis as S. bayanus var. uvarum were found to harbor a number of S. cerevisiae subtelomeric sequences: Y’, SUC, RTM and MAL.

  • Mitochondrial DNA polymorphism of the yeast Saccharomyces bayanus var. uvarum
    Microbiology, 2010
    Co-Authors: E. S. Naumova, G I Naumov, E. Barrio, A. Querol
    Abstract:

    Genetic relationships among forty-one strains of Saccharomyces bayanus var. uvarum isolated in different wine regions of Europe and four wild isolates were investigated by restriction analysis (RPLP) of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) with four restriction endonucleases, Alu I, Dde I, Hinf I and Rsa I. No clear correlation between origin and source of isolation of S. bayanus var. uvarum strains and their mtDNA restriction profiles was found. On the whole, the mtDNA of S. bayanus var. uvarum is much less polymorphic than that of S. cerevisiae . This observation is in good agreement with results obtained by electrophoretic karyotyping. Unlike wine S. cerevisiae , strains of S. bayanus var. uvarum display a low level of chromosome length polymorphism.

  • viral dsrna in the wine yeast Saccharomyces bayanus var uvarum
    Research in Microbiology, 2007
    Co-Authors: Yuliya V Ivannikova, E. S. Naumova, Gennadi I Naumov
    Abstract:

    Abstract The presence of viral dsRNA (L and M fractions) in the cryophilic yeast Saccharomyces bayanus var. uvarum is documented here for the first time. Sixty-eight strains of different origins were analyzed. Most of them did not carry dsRNA; the L fraction was found in seven strains, while 11 strains had both L and M fractions. The size of the L fraction was invariable (4.5 kb), as in the cultured yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae . In contrast to L-dsRNA, the M fraction varied in size from ca. 1.2 to 1.8 kb. In total, seven different M-dsRNA types were recognized (M 1 –M 3 and M 8 –M 11 ), predominantly among French wine strains of S. bayanus var. uvarum . Phenotypic analysis revealed that the M-dsRNAs found were cryptic and may represent mutant forms of killer plasmids.

Michel Aigle - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • characterization of natural hybrids of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces bayanus var uvarum
    Fems Yeast Research, 2007
    Co-Authors: Christine Le Jeune, Michel Aigle, Marc Lollier, Catherine Demuyter, Claude Erny, Jean Luc Legras, Isabelle Masneufpomarede
    Abstract:

    Nine yeast strains were isolated from spontaneous fermentations in the Alsace area of France, during the 1997, 1998 and 1999 grape harvests. Strains were characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of the MET2 gene, delta-PCR, and microsatellite patterns. Karyotypes and MET2 fragments of the nine strains corresponded to mixed chromosomal bands and restriction patterns for both Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces bayanus var. uvarum. They also responded positively to amplification with microsatellite primers specific to both species and were demonstrated to be diploid. However, meiosis led to absolute nonviability of their spores on complete medium. All the results demonstrated that the nine yeast strains isolated were S. cerevisiaexS. bayanus var. uvarum diploid hybrids. Moreover, microsatellite DNA analysis identified strains isolated in the same cellar as potential parents belonging to S. bayanus var. uvarum and S. cerevisiae.

  • molecular typing of wine yeast strains Saccharomyces bayanus var uvarum using microsatellite markers
    Systematic and Applied Microbiology, 2007
    Co-Authors: Isabelle Masneufpomarede, Michel Aigle, Pascal Durrens, Marc Lollier, Le C Jeune, Denis Dubourdieu
    Abstract:

    The Saccharomyces bayanus var. uvarum yeasts are associated with spontaneous fermentation of must. Some strains were shown to be enological yeasts of interest in different winemaking processes. The molecular typing of S. bayanus var. uvarum at the strain level has become significant for wine microbiologists. Four microsatellite loci were defined from the exploration of genomic DNA sequence of S. bayanus var. uvarum. The 40 strains studied were homozygote for the locus considered. The discriminating capacity of the microsatellite method was found to be equal to that of karyotypes analysis. Links between 37 indigenous strains with the same geographic origin could be established through the analysis of microsatellite patterns. The analysis of microsatellite polymorphism is a reliable method for wine S. bayanus var. uvarum strains and their hybrids with Saccharomyces cerevisiae identification in taxonomic, ecological studies and winemaking applications.

  • molecular genetic study of introgression between Saccharomyces bayanus and s cerevisiae
    Yeast, 2005
    Co-Authors: E. S. Naumova, Gennadi I Naumov, Isabelle Masneufpomarede, Michel Aigle, Denis Dubourdieu
    Abstract:

    The genomic constitution of different S. bayanus strains and natural interspecific Saccharomyces hybrids has been studied by genetic and molecular methods. Unlike S. bayanus var. uvarum, some S. bayanus var. bayanus strains (the type culture CBS 380, CBS 378, CBS 425, CBS 1548) harbour a number of S. cerevisiae subtelomeric sequences: Y', pEL50, SUC, RTM and MAL. The two varieties, having 86-100% nDNA-nDNA reassociation, are partly genetically isolated from one another but completely isolated from S. cerevisiae. Genetic and molecular data support the maintaining of var. bayanus and var. uvarum strains in the species S. bayanus. Using Southern hybridization with species-specific molecular markers, RFLP of the MET2 gene and flow cytometry analysis, we showed that the non-S. cerevisiae parents are different in lager brewing yeasts and in wine hybrid strains. Our results suggest that S. pastorianus is a hybrid between S. cerevisiae and S. bayanus var. bayanus, while S. bayanus var. uvarum contributed to the formation of the wine hybrids S6U and CID1. According to the partial sequence of ACT1 gene and flow cytometry analysis, strain CID1 is a triple hybrid between S. cerevisiae, S. kudriavzevii and S. bayanus var. uvarum.

  • developing methods and strains for genetic studies in the Saccharomyces bayanus var uvarum species
    Yeast, 2004
    Co-Authors: Nicolas Talarek, Edward J Louis, Christophe Cullin, Michel Aigle
    Abstract:

    For years, Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been used as a model organism to gain insight into complex biological processes. The study of closely related yeast species may be critical for understanding the molecular mechanism of evolution. Among those species, S. bayanus var. uvarum could be particularly pertinent because of the availability of its genome sequence. However, to date, in that species genetic studies are problematical due to the lack of standard strains collection and genetic methods. Here, we have developed heterothallic S. bayanus var. uvarum strains and obtained stable haploid strains. We further used UV-induced mutation and gene disruption to create a collection of auxotrophic derivatives. Finally, we have elaborated or improved methods to cultivate cells, obtain zygotes and spores and to transform this species. All these tools can now be used by the scientific community to study the biology of this species. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

  • genetic identification of Saccharomyces bayanus var uvarum a cider fermenting yeast
    International Journal of Food Microbiology, 2001
    Co-Authors: Gennadi I Naumov, Michel Aigle, E S Naumova, H V Nguyen, A Michel, Claude Gaillardin
    Abstract:

    Twenty-one Saccharomyces strains isolated from a cider process were analysed in terms of karyotypes, Y' S. cerevisiae sequence occurrence, rDNA structure and cross-fertility with species tester strains. A strong predominance of S. bayanus var. uvarum G. Naumov was found (18 strains vs. three S. cerevisiae). Among the S. bayanus var. uvarum, only three strains proved to contain species-specific Y' S. cerevisiae sequences.

Claude Gaillardin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • deciphering the hybridisation history leading to the lager lineage based on the mosaic genomes of Saccharomyces bayanus strains nbrc1948 and cbs380t
    PLOS ONE, 2011
    Co-Authors: Claude Gaillardin, Cecile Neuveglise, Jean Luc Legras, Huu-vang Nguyen
    Abstract:

    Saccharomyces bayanus is a yeast species described as one of the two parents of the hybrid brewing yeast S. pastorianus. Strains CBS380T and NBRC1948 have been retained successively as pure-line representatives of S. bayanus. In the present study, sequence analyses confirmed and upgraded our previous finding: S. bayanus type strain CBS380T harbours a mosaic genome. The genome of strain NBRC1948 was also revealed to be mosaic. Both genomes were characterized by amplification and sequencing of different markers, including genes involved in maltotriose utilization or genes detected by array-CGH mapping. Sequence comparisons with public Saccharomyces spp. nucleotide sequences revealed that the CBS380T and NBRC1948 genomes are composed of: a predominant non-cerevisiae genetic background belonging to S. uvarum, a second unidentified species provisionally named S. lagerae, and several introgressed S. cerevisiae fragments. The largest cerevisiae-introgressed DNA common to both genomes totals 70kb in length and is distributed in three contigs, cA, cB and cC. These vary in terms of length and presence of MAL31 or MTY1 (maltotriose-transporter gene). In NBRC1948, two additional cerevisiae-contigs, cD and cE, totaling 12kb in length, as well as several smaller cerevisiae fragments were identified. All of these contigs were partially detected in the genomes of S. pastorianus lager strains CBS1503 (S. monacensis) and CBS1513 (S. carlsbergensis) explaining the noticeable common ability of S. bayanus and S. pastorianus to metabolize maltotriose. NBRC1948 was shown to be inter-fertile with S. uvarum CBS7001. The cross involving these two strains produced F1 segregants resembling the strains CBS380T or NRRLY-1551. This demonstrates that these S. bayanus strains were the offspring of a cross between S. uvarum and a strain similar to NBRC1948. Phylogenies established with selected cerevisiae and non-cerevisiae genes allowed us to decipher the complex hybridisation events linking S. lagerae/S. uvarum/S. cerevisiae with their hybrid species, S. bayanus/pastorianus.

  • evolutionary relationships between the former species Saccharomyces uvarum and the hybrids Saccharomyces bayanus and Saccharomyces pastorianus reinstatement of Saccharomyces uvarum beijerinck as a distinct species
    Fems Yeast Research, 2005
    Co-Authors: Huu-vang Nguyen, Claude Gaillardin
    Abstract:

    Analysis of the nucleotide sequence of the GDH1 homologues from Saccharomyces bayanus strain CBS 380T and S. pastorianus strains showed that they share an almost identical sequence, SuGDH1*, which is a diverged form of the SuGDH1 from the type strain of the former species S. uvarum, considered as synonym of S. bayanus. SuGDH1* is close to but differs from SuGDH1 by the accumulation of a high number of neutral substitutions designated as Multiple Neutral Mutations Accumulation (MNMA). Further analysis carried out with three other markers, BAP2, HO and MET2 showed that they have also diverged from their S. uvarum counterparts by MNMA. S. bayanus CBS 380T is placed between S. uvarum and S. pastorianus sharing MET2, CDC91 sequences with the former and BAP2, GDH1, HO sequences with the latter. S. bayanus CBS 380T has been proposed to be a S. uvarum/S. cerevisiae hybrid and this proposal is confirmed by the presence in its genome a S. cerevisiae SUC4 gene. Strain S. bayanus CBS 380T, with a composite genome, is genetically isolated from strains of the former S. uvarum species, thus justifying the reinstatement of S. uvarum as a distinct species.

  • identification of new chromosomes of Saccharomyces bayanus using gene probes from s cerevisiae
    Hereditas, 2004
    Co-Authors: G I Naumov, Claude Gaillardin, E S Naumova, Hilkka Turakainen, M Korhola
    Abstract:

    The Saccharomyces cerevisiae genes HIS3 (chr. XV), LYS2 (chr. II), ARG4 (chr. VIII), MF alpha 1 (chr. XVI) and MEL1 (chr. II) and the S. pastorianus gene MELx were used for identification of the homeologous chromosomes in S. bayanus by using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and Southern blot hybridization. The results showed differences in hybridization intensities and mobilities between the homeologous chromosomes of the two sibling yeasts S. cerevisiae and S. bayanus. The probes HIS3, LYS2, MEL1, and MF alpha 1 identified four new homeologous chromosomes of S. bayanus. The ARG4 probe confirmed the previously identified location of chr. VIII (NAUMOV et al. 1992b). Using the MF alpha 1 gene, another chromosome besides chr. XVI was identified in some S. bayanus strains, suggesting translocation of this sequence to the S. bayanus chromosome that normally migrates to the position of chr. XI of S. cerevisiae.

  • genetic identification of Saccharomyces bayanus var uvarum a cider fermenting yeast
    International Journal of Food Microbiology, 2001
    Co-Authors: Gennadi I Naumov, Michel Aigle, E S Naumova, H V Nguyen, A Michel, Claude Gaillardin
    Abstract:

    Twenty-one Saccharomyces strains isolated from a cider process were analysed in terms of karyotypes, Y' S. cerevisiae sequence occurrence, rDNA structure and cross-fertility with species tester strains. A strong predominance of S. bayanus var. uvarum G. Naumov was found (18 strains vs. three S. cerevisiae). Among the S. bayanus var. uvarum, only three strains proved to contain species-specific Y' S. cerevisiae sequences.

  • genetic and karyotypic identification of wine Saccharomyces bayanus yeasts isolated in france and italy
    Systematic and Applied Microbiology, 1993
    Co-Authors: Gennadi I Naumov, E. S. Naumova, Claude Gaillardin
    Abstract:

    Summary Using genetic analysis and electrophoretic karyotyping, we have reidentified 21 wine strains belonging to the genus Saccharomyces , isolated in regions of traditional wine making and able to ferment melibiose. Our results show that 19 strains belong to the biological species Saccharomyces bayanus (ex S. uvarum ) and 2 to the biological species S. cerevisiae .

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