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Roberto Ferreira Da Silva - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sodium hypochlorite for removal of the Sarcotesta from newly extracted and stored papaya seeds
2018Co-Authors: Valquíria Aparecida Mendes De Jesus, Eduardo Fontes Araújo, Fábio Lúcio Santos, Luiz Antônio Dos Santos Dias, Roberto Ferreira Da SilvaAbstract:Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of sodium hypochlorite on removal of the Sarcotesta and the germination process of newly harvested papaya seeds before and after storage for 44 days. Nine treatments were evaluated using a completely randomized design with six treatments in a split plot arrangement and three additional treatments (control), each treatment with eight replications. The plots consisted of methods for breaking dormancy: M1 - sieve method + drying to 7%, M2 - sieve method + drying to 7% + NaOCl, and M3 - NaOCl + drying to 7%. The split plots consisted of different storage periods (0 and 44 days). The three additional treatments consisted of A - NaOCl at 6% for 12 hours, B - sieve method, and C - intact seeds in running water for 24 hours. Germination and the first count of germination were evaluated. Results showed that sodium hypochlorite is effective in removal of the Sarcotesta, but there is a negative effect on germination. Storage for 44 days also had a negative effect on germination. Removal of the Sarcotesta by the sieve method followed by drying to 7% moisture content was effective in promoting germination of papaya seeds.
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Proportion of seeds and sodium hypochlorite solution on germination process of papaya seeds
Journal of Seed Science, 2016Co-Authors: Valquíria Aparecida Mendes De Jesus, Eduardo Fontes Araújo, Antônio Augusto Neves, Fábio Lúcio Santos, Luiz Antônio Dos Santos Dias, Roberto Ferreira Da SilvaAbstract:The Sarcotesta affects negatively the germination of papaya seeds and its removal has been, commonly, performed manually. The use of sodium hypochlorite can be an alternative to manual removal of Sarcotesta in papaya seeds. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different active chlorine concentrations (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8%) during 24 hours of immersion, in different proportions (10:200, 50:200, 100:200, 200:200, 300:200, 400:200, 500:200 and 600:200) between seeds number and solution volume (mL), to identify the best combination for the effective remotion of the Sarcotesta to improve the germination process. The germination was determined. It was used the completely randomized design with four replications. Regression analysis was performed for quantitative variables with significant effect by F test at 5% probability. It can be concluded that papaya seeds immersion in the proportion of 10 seeds per 200 mL of NaOCl solution (10:200, i.e. 20 mL of solution per seed), at a 2% sodium hypochlorite concentration during 24 hours of imbibition, can be used as an alternative for the remotion of the Sarcotesta for freshly harvested papaya seeds, because besides the effective remotion of the Sarcotesta, this technique improves the germination process.
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Ratio of seeds and sodium hypochlorite solution on the germination process of papaya seeds
ABRATES - Associação Brasileira de Tecnologia de Sementes, 2016Co-Authors: Valquíria Aparecida Mendes De Jesus, Araújo,eduardo Fontes, Neves,antônio Augusto, Santos,fábio Lúcio, Dias,luiz Antônio Dos Santos, Roberto Ferreira Da SilvaAbstract:Abstract: Sarcotesta, a mucilaginous layer found in papaya seeds, negatively affects the germination of papaya seeds and its removal has been manually performed. The use of sodium hypochlorite can be an alternative to manual removal of Sarcotesta in papaya seeds. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different active chlorine concentrations (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8%) during 24 hours of immersion, in different proportions (10:200, 50:200, 100:200, 200:200, 300:200, 400:200, 500:200 and 600:200) of seeds number and solution volume (mL) to identify the best combination for an effective remotion of Sarcotesta to improve the germination process. Germination test and first count were performed. A completely randomized design with four replications was used. Regression analysis was performed for quantitative variables with significant effect by F-test at 5% probability. Papaya seeds immersion in the ratio of 10 seeds per 200 mL of NaOCl solution (10:200, i.e. 20 mL of solution per seed), at a 2% sodium hypochlorite concentration during 24 hours of imbibition, can be used as an alternative for Sarcotesta remotion for freshly harvested papaya seeds, because besides the effective remotion of Sarcotesta, this technique improves the germination process
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Sodium hypochlorite for removal of the Sarcotesta from newly extracted and stored papaya seeds
Journal of Seed Science, 2016Co-Authors: Valquíria Aparecida Mendes De Jesus, Eduardo Fontes Araújo, Fábio Lúcio Santos, Luiz Antônio Dos Santos Dias, Roberto Ferreira Da SilvaAbstract:Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do hipoclorito de sodio na retirada da Sarcotesta e no processo germinativo de sementes de mamao recem-extraidas, previamente armazenadas, antes e apos armazenamento por 44 dias. Foram avaliados nove tratamentos segundo delineamento inteiramente casualizado, sendo seis tratamentos no esquema de parcelas subdivididas e tres tratamentos adicionais (controles). As parcelas foram constituidas pelos metodos para quebra de dormencia: M1 - Metodo da Peneira + Secagem a 7%; M2 - Metodo da Peneira + Secagem a 7% + NaOCl; e M3 - NaOCl + Secagem a 7%. As subparcelas pelo tempo de armazenamento (zero e 44 dias). Os tres tratamentos adicionais consistiram em: A - NaOCl a 6% por 12 horas; B - Metodo da Peneira e C - Sementes intactas em 24 horas em agua corrente. Avaliou-se o teste de germinacao e a primeira contagem do teste de germinacao. O uso do hipoclorito de sodio e eficiente para retirar a Sarcotesta, porem afeta negativamente a germinacao. O armazenamento por 44 dias e prejudicial a germinacao. A remocao da Sarcotesta pelo metodo da peneira, seguida da secagem ate 7% de teor de agua foi eficiente para propiciar a germinacao das sementes de mamao.
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metodos de remocao da Sarcotesta na germinacao de sementes de jaracatia
Revista Arvore, 2011Co-Authors: Silvio De Jesus Freitas, Roberto Ferreira Da Silva, Deborah Guerra Barroso, Victor Hugo Caldas Rodrigues Martins, Marcela Duarte Schinke Freitas, Patricia Ribeiro FerreiraAbstract:RESUMO – A presenca da Sarcotesta pode prejudicar a germinacao e desenvolvimento das plântulas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar metodos favoraveis a remocao da Sarcotesta para a promocao da germinacao de sementes de Jaracatia spinosa, cujas sementes foram submetidas aos seguintes tratamentos: 1- sem remocao da Sarcotesta; 2- remocao com friccao sobre peneira, com adicao de areia; 3- remocao com friccao sobre peneira com adicao de cal; 4- remocao com o uso de liquidificador, 5- remocao com despolpador de sementes; e 6- remocao com solucao quimica (imersao, por 30 min, numa solucao composta por 1.0 L de agua, 3.5 mL de hipoclorito de sodio, 3.0 mL de acido muriatico e 22.5g de soda caustica), em que as sementes foram avaliadas quanto a percentagem de germinacao, Indice de Velocidade de Emergencia (IVE) e comprimento da parte aerea de plântulas. O metodo mais favoravel a remocao da Sarcotesta e promocao da germinacao das sementes de jaracatia foi a friccao sobre peneira com a adicao de areia.
Valquíria Aparecida Mendes De Jesus - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sodium hypochlorite for removal of the Sarcotesta from newly extracted and stored papaya seeds
2018Co-Authors: Valquíria Aparecida Mendes De Jesus, Eduardo Fontes Araújo, Fábio Lúcio Santos, Luiz Antônio Dos Santos Dias, Roberto Ferreira Da SilvaAbstract:Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of sodium hypochlorite on removal of the Sarcotesta and the germination process of newly harvested papaya seeds before and after storage for 44 days. Nine treatments were evaluated using a completely randomized design with six treatments in a split plot arrangement and three additional treatments (control), each treatment with eight replications. The plots consisted of methods for breaking dormancy: M1 - sieve method + drying to 7%, M2 - sieve method + drying to 7% + NaOCl, and M3 - NaOCl + drying to 7%. The split plots consisted of different storage periods (0 and 44 days). The three additional treatments consisted of A - NaOCl at 6% for 12 hours, B - sieve method, and C - intact seeds in running water for 24 hours. Germination and the first count of germination were evaluated. Results showed that sodium hypochlorite is effective in removal of the Sarcotesta, but there is a negative effect on germination. Storage for 44 days also had a negative effect on germination. Removal of the Sarcotesta by the sieve method followed by drying to 7% moisture content was effective in promoting germination of papaya seeds.
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Sodium hypochlorite for Sarcotesta remotion from papaya seeds: anatomical studies
2018Co-Authors: Valquíria Aparecida Mendes De Jesus, Eduardo Fontes Araújo, Fábio Lúcio Santos, Eduardo Alves, Luiz Antônio Dos Santos DiasAbstract:Although papaya world production is high, the integument of papaya seeds, called Sarcotesta, is an obstacle in the seedling production process. The aim of this work was to develop techniques to facilitate the removal of papaya seed Sarcotesta for seedlings production. For that, two assays were developed. For the first one, the seeds were immersed in different concentrations of active chlorine (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8%) at ratio 600:200 seeds/mL of solution, respectively, besides the study of intact seeds and seeds subjected to the sieve method + stagnant water. For the second one, the seeds were immersed in active chlorine 2% in different ratios (10: 200; 200: 200; 400: 200 and 600: 200), and the concentration of 0% at ratio 10:200 and the sieve method + stagnant water. The effect of the treatments was evaluated by germination test and scanning electron microscopy. Sodium hypochlorite did not remove completely Sarcotesta, but damaged it. In ratio 10:200 in a concentration of 2% of active chlorine for 24 hours, the embryo and the endosperm were not affected, resulting in 80% of germination, which can be an alternative to Sarcotesta manual removal.
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Proportion of seeds and sodium hypochlorite solution on germination process of papaya seeds
Journal of Seed Science, 2016Co-Authors: Valquíria Aparecida Mendes De Jesus, Eduardo Fontes Araújo, Antônio Augusto Neves, Fábio Lúcio Santos, Luiz Antônio Dos Santos Dias, Roberto Ferreira Da SilvaAbstract:The Sarcotesta affects negatively the germination of papaya seeds and its removal has been, commonly, performed manually. The use of sodium hypochlorite can be an alternative to manual removal of Sarcotesta in papaya seeds. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different active chlorine concentrations (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8%) during 24 hours of immersion, in different proportions (10:200, 50:200, 100:200, 200:200, 300:200, 400:200, 500:200 and 600:200) between seeds number and solution volume (mL), to identify the best combination for the effective remotion of the Sarcotesta to improve the germination process. The germination was determined. It was used the completely randomized design with four replications. Regression analysis was performed for quantitative variables with significant effect by F test at 5% probability. It can be concluded that papaya seeds immersion in the proportion of 10 seeds per 200 mL of NaOCl solution (10:200, i.e. 20 mL of solution per seed), at a 2% sodium hypochlorite concentration during 24 hours of imbibition, can be used as an alternative for the remotion of the Sarcotesta for freshly harvested papaya seeds, because besides the effective remotion of the Sarcotesta, this technique improves the germination process.
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Ratio of seeds and sodium hypochlorite solution on the germination process of papaya seeds
ABRATES - Associação Brasileira de Tecnologia de Sementes, 2016Co-Authors: Valquíria Aparecida Mendes De Jesus, Araújo,eduardo Fontes, Neves,antônio Augusto, Santos,fábio Lúcio, Dias,luiz Antônio Dos Santos, Roberto Ferreira Da SilvaAbstract:Abstract: Sarcotesta, a mucilaginous layer found in papaya seeds, negatively affects the germination of papaya seeds and its removal has been manually performed. The use of sodium hypochlorite can be an alternative to manual removal of Sarcotesta in papaya seeds. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different active chlorine concentrations (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8%) during 24 hours of immersion, in different proportions (10:200, 50:200, 100:200, 200:200, 300:200, 400:200, 500:200 and 600:200) of seeds number and solution volume (mL) to identify the best combination for an effective remotion of Sarcotesta to improve the germination process. Germination test and first count were performed. A completely randomized design with four replications was used. Regression analysis was performed for quantitative variables with significant effect by F-test at 5% probability. Papaya seeds immersion in the ratio of 10 seeds per 200 mL of NaOCl solution (10:200, i.e. 20 mL of solution per seed), at a 2% sodium hypochlorite concentration during 24 hours of imbibition, can be used as an alternative for Sarcotesta remotion for freshly harvested papaya seeds, because besides the effective remotion of Sarcotesta, this technique improves the germination process
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Use of sodium hypochlorite for the Sarcotesta remotion of the papaya seeds: anatomical studies and the changes caused
Journal of Seed Science, 2016Co-Authors: Valquíria Aparecida Mendes De Jesus, Eduardo Fontes Araújo, Fábio Lúcio Santos, Eduardo Alves, Luiz Antônio Dos Santos DiasAbstract:Although papaya world production is high, the tegument of papaya seeds, called Sarcotesta, is an obstacle in the seedling production process. The aim of this work was to develop techniques to facilitate the removal of papaya seed Sarcotesta by seedlings production. For that it was developed two trials. For thet first, the seeds were immersed in different concentrations of active chlorine (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8%) in the proportion of 600:200 seeds/mL of solution, respectively, besides the study of intact seeds and seeds subjected to the sieve method + standing water. For the second, the seeds were immersed in active chlorine 2% in different ratios (10: 200; 200: 200; 400: 200 and 600: 200), and the concentration of 0% at a concentration 10:200 and the sieve method + 24 hours in standing water. The effect of the treatments was evaluated by germination test and Scanning Electron Microscopy. Sodium hypochlorite did not remove completely the Sarcotesta, but damaged it. In a proportion of 10:200 in a concentration of 2% of active chlorine for 24 hours, the embryo and the endosperm were not affected, resulting in a 80% of germination, which can be an alternative to manual removal of the Sarcotesta.
Daijie Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Application of coordination agent in high-speed counter-current chromatography for the preparative separation and isolation ginkgolic acids from the Sarcotesta of Ginkgo biloba L.
Journal of Separation Science, 2018Co-Authors: Heng Zhu, Yanling Geng, Hailong Jiang, Xiangyun Song, Hengqiang Zhao, Li Jingchao, Daijie WangAbstract:An efficient coordination high-speed counter-current chromatography method for the preparative separation of ginkgolic acids from the Sarcotesta of Ginkgo biloba L was developed. The type, concentration, and mechanism of the coordination agent were investigated. Following the use of four types of metal salts including silver nitrate, copper chloride, ferric chloride, and aluminium nitrate, n-heptane/ethyl acetate/methanol/acetic acid 5:4:1:1, v/v with 0.20 mol/L silver nitrate as the coordination agent was chosen as the optimum two-phase solvent system. Five main ginkgolic acids including C13:0, C15:0, C15:1, C17:1, and C17:2 were successfully separated with purities greater than 98%. The sample loading was 500 mg, the flow-rate was 2.0 mL/min, rotation speed was 800 rpm and temperature was 20°C. The structures of the separated ginkgolic acids were identified by comparison with standard samples and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The introduction of coordination chemistry in high-speed counter-current chromatography is novel and effective for the preparative separation and isolation of ginkgolic acids from the Sarcotesta of Ginkgo biloba L and could also be applied to separate compounds which form coordination bonds in other complex natural products.
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Development of online-storage inner-recycling counter-current chromatography for the preparative separation of complex components of alkylphenols from Sarcotesta of Ginkgo biloba L.
RSC Advances, 2018Co-Authors: Daijie Wang, Heng Zhu, Hailong Jiang, Xiangyun Song, Huijiao Yan, Mengmeng Guo, Fu Ruiming, Xiao WangAbstract:High-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) is becoming an effective and non-absorptive separation method from natural products. Due to the insufficient separation efficiency, it is challenging to separate complex components, especially for compounds with similar KD values. In this study, a novel and effective online-storage inner-recycling CCC method was used to separate alkylphenols from the Sarcotesta of Ginkgo biloba L. A two-phase solvent system of n-heptane/ethyl acetate/methanol/acetic acid (5 : 4 : 1 : 1, v/v) was used for HSCCC separation of 500 mg crude extracts. After the inner-recycling of two fractions coupled with pre-HPLC, five main ginkgolic acids (C13:0, C15:1, C17:2, C15:1, C17:1) coupled with bilobol (C15:1) and a mixture were obtained from a non-stop separation using a storage loop and two six-way valves. This novel method was also evaluated and predicted by formula derivation. This method could be an effective, rapid, and simple approach to separate alkylphenols from the Sarcotesta of G. biloba.
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An efficient method for the preparative separation and isolation of ginkgolic acids from the Sarcotesta of Ginkgo biloba L by pH-zone-refining counter-current chromatography coupled with inner-recycling mode
Industrial Crops and Products, 2018Co-Authors: Daijie Wang, Heng Zhu, Xiangyun Song, Huijiao Yan, Xiao WangAbstract:Abstract An efficient method for the preparative separation and isolation of ginkgolic acids (GAs) from the Sarcotesta of Ginkgo biloba L was developed by combining pH-zone-refining counter-current chromatography (PZRCCC) with inner-recycling mode. Two grams of GAs extract were separated by PZRCCC using a two-phase solvent system of n-heptane–ethyl acetate–methanol–water (2:1:3:1, v/v) with 10 mM HCl added to the upper phase as the retention acid and 10 mM triethylamine (TEA) in the lower phase as the elution base. In a one-step PZRCCC separation, two GA compounds, C15:1 and C17:2, were obtained with purities over 98% along with two mixtures. The mixtures were further separated by inner-recycling CCC mode with n-heptane–ethyl acetate–methanol–acetic acid (5:4:1:1, v/v) as the solvent system. Five main GAs were successfully separated with purities over 98%. The structures of the separated GAs were determined based on standard samples coupled with Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS) results. This separation method of coupling PZRCCC with inner-recycling CCC is effective for the preparation of GAs from the Sarcotesta of G. biloba and could be further applied to separate organic acids of low polarity in other natural products.
Xiao Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Development of online-storage inner-recycling counter-current chromatography for the preparative separation of complex components of alkylphenols from Sarcotesta of Ginkgo biloba L.
RSC Advances, 2018Co-Authors: Daijie Wang, Heng Zhu, Hailong Jiang, Xiangyun Song, Huijiao Yan, Mengmeng Guo, Fu Ruiming, Xiao WangAbstract:High-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) is becoming an effective and non-absorptive separation method from natural products. Due to the insufficient separation efficiency, it is challenging to separate complex components, especially for compounds with similar KD values. In this study, a novel and effective online-storage inner-recycling CCC method was used to separate alkylphenols from the Sarcotesta of Ginkgo biloba L. A two-phase solvent system of n-heptane/ethyl acetate/methanol/acetic acid (5 : 4 : 1 : 1, v/v) was used for HSCCC separation of 500 mg crude extracts. After the inner-recycling of two fractions coupled with pre-HPLC, five main ginkgolic acids (C13:0, C15:1, C17:2, C15:1, C17:1) coupled with bilobol (C15:1) and a mixture were obtained from a non-stop separation using a storage loop and two six-way valves. This novel method was also evaluated and predicted by formula derivation. This method could be an effective, rapid, and simple approach to separate alkylphenols from the Sarcotesta of G. biloba.
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An efficient method for the preparative separation and isolation of ginkgolic acids from the Sarcotesta of Ginkgo biloba L by pH-zone-refining counter-current chromatography coupled with inner-recycling mode
Industrial Crops and Products, 2018Co-Authors: Daijie Wang, Heng Zhu, Xiangyun Song, Huijiao Yan, Xiao WangAbstract:Abstract An efficient method for the preparative separation and isolation of ginkgolic acids (GAs) from the Sarcotesta of Ginkgo biloba L was developed by combining pH-zone-refining counter-current chromatography (PZRCCC) with inner-recycling mode. Two grams of GAs extract were separated by PZRCCC using a two-phase solvent system of n-heptane–ethyl acetate–methanol–water (2:1:3:1, v/v) with 10 mM HCl added to the upper phase as the retention acid and 10 mM triethylamine (TEA) in the lower phase as the elution base. In a one-step PZRCCC separation, two GA compounds, C15:1 and C17:2, were obtained with purities over 98% along with two mixtures. The mixtures were further separated by inner-recycling CCC mode with n-heptane–ethyl acetate–methanol–acetic acid (5:4:1:1, v/v) as the solvent system. Five main GAs were successfully separated with purities over 98%. The structures of the separated GAs were determined based on standard samples coupled with Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS) results. This separation method of coupling PZRCCC with inner-recycling CCC is effective for the preparation of GAs from the Sarcotesta of G. biloba and could be further applied to separate organic acids of low polarity in other natural products.
Luiz Antônio Dos Santos Dias - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sodium hypochlorite for Sarcotesta remotion from papaya seeds: anatomical studies
2018Co-Authors: Valquíria Aparecida Mendes De Jesus, Eduardo Fontes Araújo, Fábio Lúcio Santos, Eduardo Alves, Luiz Antônio Dos Santos DiasAbstract:Although papaya world production is high, the integument of papaya seeds, called Sarcotesta, is an obstacle in the seedling production process. The aim of this work was to develop techniques to facilitate the removal of papaya seed Sarcotesta for seedlings production. For that, two assays were developed. For the first one, the seeds were immersed in different concentrations of active chlorine (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8%) at ratio 600:200 seeds/mL of solution, respectively, besides the study of intact seeds and seeds subjected to the sieve method + stagnant water. For the second one, the seeds were immersed in active chlorine 2% in different ratios (10: 200; 200: 200; 400: 200 and 600: 200), and the concentration of 0% at ratio 10:200 and the sieve method + stagnant water. The effect of the treatments was evaluated by germination test and scanning electron microscopy. Sodium hypochlorite did not remove completely Sarcotesta, but damaged it. In ratio 10:200 in a concentration of 2% of active chlorine for 24 hours, the embryo and the endosperm were not affected, resulting in 80% of germination, which can be an alternative to Sarcotesta manual removal.
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Sodium hypochlorite for removal of the Sarcotesta from newly extracted and stored papaya seeds
2018Co-Authors: Valquíria Aparecida Mendes De Jesus, Eduardo Fontes Araújo, Fábio Lúcio Santos, Luiz Antônio Dos Santos Dias, Roberto Ferreira Da SilvaAbstract:Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of sodium hypochlorite on removal of the Sarcotesta and the germination process of newly harvested papaya seeds before and after storage for 44 days. Nine treatments were evaluated using a completely randomized design with six treatments in a split plot arrangement and three additional treatments (control), each treatment with eight replications. The plots consisted of methods for breaking dormancy: M1 - sieve method + drying to 7%, M2 - sieve method + drying to 7% + NaOCl, and M3 - NaOCl + drying to 7%. The split plots consisted of different storage periods (0 and 44 days). The three additional treatments consisted of A - NaOCl at 6% for 12 hours, B - sieve method, and C - intact seeds in running water for 24 hours. Germination and the first count of germination were evaluated. Results showed that sodium hypochlorite is effective in removal of the Sarcotesta, but there is a negative effect on germination. Storage for 44 days also had a negative effect on germination. Removal of the Sarcotesta by the sieve method followed by drying to 7% moisture content was effective in promoting germination of papaya seeds.
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Proportion of seeds and sodium hypochlorite solution on germination process of papaya seeds
Journal of Seed Science, 2016Co-Authors: Valquíria Aparecida Mendes De Jesus, Eduardo Fontes Araújo, Antônio Augusto Neves, Fábio Lúcio Santos, Luiz Antônio Dos Santos Dias, Roberto Ferreira Da SilvaAbstract:The Sarcotesta affects negatively the germination of papaya seeds and its removal has been, commonly, performed manually. The use of sodium hypochlorite can be an alternative to manual removal of Sarcotesta in papaya seeds. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different active chlorine concentrations (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8%) during 24 hours of immersion, in different proportions (10:200, 50:200, 100:200, 200:200, 300:200, 400:200, 500:200 and 600:200) between seeds number and solution volume (mL), to identify the best combination for the effective remotion of the Sarcotesta to improve the germination process. The germination was determined. It was used the completely randomized design with four replications. Regression analysis was performed for quantitative variables with significant effect by F test at 5% probability. It can be concluded that papaya seeds immersion in the proportion of 10 seeds per 200 mL of NaOCl solution (10:200, i.e. 20 mL of solution per seed), at a 2% sodium hypochlorite concentration during 24 hours of imbibition, can be used as an alternative for the remotion of the Sarcotesta for freshly harvested papaya seeds, because besides the effective remotion of the Sarcotesta, this technique improves the germination process.
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Use of sodium hypochlorite for the Sarcotesta remotion of the papaya seeds: anatomical studies and the changes caused
Journal of Seed Science, 2016Co-Authors: Valquíria Aparecida Mendes De Jesus, Eduardo Fontes Araújo, Fábio Lúcio Santos, Eduardo Alves, Luiz Antônio Dos Santos DiasAbstract:Although papaya world production is high, the tegument of papaya seeds, called Sarcotesta, is an obstacle in the seedling production process. The aim of this work was to develop techniques to facilitate the removal of papaya seed Sarcotesta by seedlings production. For that it was developed two trials. For thet first, the seeds were immersed in different concentrations of active chlorine (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8%) in the proportion of 600:200 seeds/mL of solution, respectively, besides the study of intact seeds and seeds subjected to the sieve method + standing water. For the second, the seeds were immersed in active chlorine 2% in different ratios (10: 200; 200: 200; 400: 200 and 600: 200), and the concentration of 0% at a concentration 10:200 and the sieve method + 24 hours in standing water. The effect of the treatments was evaluated by germination test and Scanning Electron Microscopy. Sodium hypochlorite did not remove completely the Sarcotesta, but damaged it. In a proportion of 10:200 in a concentration of 2% of active chlorine for 24 hours, the embryo and the endosperm were not affected, resulting in a 80% of germination, which can be an alternative to manual removal of the Sarcotesta.
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Sodium hypochlorite for removal of the Sarcotesta from newly extracted and stored papaya seeds
Journal of Seed Science, 2016Co-Authors: Valquíria Aparecida Mendes De Jesus, Eduardo Fontes Araújo, Fábio Lúcio Santos, Luiz Antônio Dos Santos Dias, Roberto Ferreira Da SilvaAbstract:Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do hipoclorito de sodio na retirada da Sarcotesta e no processo germinativo de sementes de mamao recem-extraidas, previamente armazenadas, antes e apos armazenamento por 44 dias. Foram avaliados nove tratamentos segundo delineamento inteiramente casualizado, sendo seis tratamentos no esquema de parcelas subdivididas e tres tratamentos adicionais (controles). As parcelas foram constituidas pelos metodos para quebra de dormencia: M1 - Metodo da Peneira + Secagem a 7%; M2 - Metodo da Peneira + Secagem a 7% + NaOCl; e M3 - NaOCl + Secagem a 7%. As subparcelas pelo tempo de armazenamento (zero e 44 dias). Os tres tratamentos adicionais consistiram em: A - NaOCl a 6% por 12 horas; B - Metodo da Peneira e C - Sementes intactas em 24 horas em agua corrente. Avaliou-se o teste de germinacao e a primeira contagem do teste de germinacao. O uso do hipoclorito de sodio e eficiente para retirar a Sarcotesta, porem afeta negativamente a germinacao. O armazenamento por 44 dias e prejudicial a germinacao. A remocao da Sarcotesta pelo metodo da peneira, seguida da secagem ate 7% de teor de agua foi eficiente para propiciar a germinacao das sementes de mamao.
