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Xianguo Geng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Riemann–Hilbert approach and N-soliton solutions for a new two-component Sasa–Satsuma equation
Nonlinear Dynamics, 2020Co-Authors: Jia Wang, Xianguo GengAbstract:A new two-component Sasa–Satsuma equation associated with a $$4\times 4$$ matrix spectral problem is proposed by resorting to the zero-curvature equation. Riemann–Hilbert problems are formulated on the basis of spectral analysis of the $$4\times 4$$ matrix Lax pair for the two-component Sasa–Satsuma equation, from which zero structures of the Riemann–Hilbert problems are investigated. As applications, N-soliton formulas of the two-component Sasa–Satsuma equation are obtained by solving a particular Riemann–Hilbert problem corresponding to the reflectionless case. Further, the obtained N-soliton formulas are expressed by the ratios of determinants, which are more compact and convenient for symbolic computations. Moreover, the interaction dynamics of the multi-soliton solutions are analyzed and graphically illustrated.
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Long-time asymptotics for the generalized Sasa-Satsuma equation
AIMS Mathematics, 2020Co-Authors: Kedong Wang, Xianguo Geng, Mingming ChenAbstract:In this paper, we study the long-time asymptotic behavior of the solution of the Cauchy problem for the generalized Sasa-Satsuma equation. Starting with the 3 × 3 Lax pair related to the generalized Sasa-Satsuma equation, we construct a Rieman-Hilbert problem, by which the solution of the generalized Sasa-Satsuma equation is converted into the solution of the corresponding RiemanHilbert problem. Using the nonlinear steepest decent method for the Riemann-Hilbert problem, we obtain the leading-order asymptotics of the solution of the Cauchy problem for the generalized SasaSatsuma equation through several transformations of the Riemann-Hilbert problem and with the aid of the parabolic cylinder function.
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Riemann–Hilbert Method for the Three-Component Sasa–Satsuma Equation and Its N-Soliton Solutions
Reports on Mathematical Physics, 2020Co-Authors: Xianguo GengAbstract:The three-component Sasa–Satsuma equation associated with the 7 × 7 matrix spectral problem is studied by using the Riemann–Hilbert method. The spectral analysis of the Lax pair is performed for the three-component Sasa–Satsuma equation, from which a Riemann–Hilbert problem is formulated. As applications, N-soliton solutions for the three-component Sasa–Satsuma equation are obtained by solving the Riemann–Hilbert problems corresponding the reflectionless case. Furthermore, a compact form of N-soliton solutions formula is given explicitly, which is the ratio of (2N + 1) × (2N + 1)-determinant and (2N × 2N)-determinant.
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A super Sasa–Satsuma hierarchy and bi-Hamiltonian structures
Applied Mathematics Letters, 2018Co-Authors: Xianguo GengAbstract:Abstract A super Sasa–Satsuma hierarchy associated with a 3 × 3 matrix spectral problem is proposed with the aid of the zero-curvature equation and Lenard recursion equations. A typical member in the hierarchy is the super Sasa–Satsuma equation. The super bi-Hamiltonian structures of the super Sasa–Satsuma hierarchy are constructed by utilizing the super trace identity. The infinite conservation laws of the super Sasa–Satsuma equation are presented by resorting to the spectral parameter expansion.
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The Deift–Zhou steepest descent method to long-time asymptotics for the Sasa–Satsuma equation
Journal of Differential Equations, 2018Co-Authors: Huan Liu, Xianguo Geng, Bo XueAbstract:Abstract The initial value problem for the Sasa–Satsuma equation is transformed to a 3 × 3 matrix Riemann–Hilbert problem with the help of the corresponding Lax pair. Two distinct factorizations of the jump matrix and a decomposition of the vector-valued function ρ ( k ) are given, from which the long-time asymptotics for the Sasa–Satsuma equation with decaying initial data is obtained by using the nonlinear steepest descent method.
Xiuxin Deng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Volunteer study and serum protein profiling to understand inflammatory response induced by Satsuma mandarin
Food research international (Ottawa Ont.), 2015Co-Authors: Xiuxin DengAbstract:It has been observed that consumption of a certain amount of Satsuma, lychee, and longan often caused a symptom characterized by dry or sore throat, gum swelling and even mouth ulcer, which significantly impaired the life quality of a large population. We define the adverse reaction to Satsuma as Satsuma-induced syndrome (SIS). Volunteers were assigned to oral Satsuma challenge in an open manner. The results showed that SIS was characterized with symptoms affecting the throat, oral cavity, face, gastrointestinal system and eye either individually or in combination. A comparative proteomic study was performed to investigate the differences of serum proteins in the Post-SC (after Satsuma challenge) and Pre-SC (before Satsuma challenge) serum samples of 15 volunteers with severe SIS. Ten proteins were identified to be differentially expressed (P < 0.05). Of these, levels of complement component C9 precursor were elevated significantly in the Post-SC serum samples and were further verified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, indicating that the complement system may be activated and plays a significant role in inflammatory response. Meanwhile, serum samples were subjected to immobilized metal affinity capture (IMAC3) protein chip surfaces and tested by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry. The data were analyzed by Ciphergen ProteinChip Software. A diagnostic model was constructed to discriminate the SIS from normal samples, using principal component analysis. A total of 50 detected biomarkers were found to be different with statistical significance (P < 0.05). The multivariate logistic analysis demonstrates a complete distinction between the two groups. Our findings suggest that these assays may provide potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of SIS.
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comparative analysis of surface wax in mature fruits between satsuma mandarin citrus unshiu and newhall navel orange citrus sinensis from the perspective of crystal morphology chemical composition and key gene expression
Food Chemistry, 2014Co-Authors: Jinqiu Wang, Juan Xu, Feng Chen, Yunjiang Cheng, Xiuxin DengAbstract:Abstract Surface wax of mature Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu) and ‘Newhall’ navel orange (Citrus sinensis) was analysed by crystal morphology, chemical composition, and gene expression levels. The epicuticular and total waxes of both citrus cultivars were mostly composed of aldehydes, alkanes, fatty acids and primary alcohols. The epicuticular wax accounted for 80% of the total wax in the Newhall fruits and was higher than that in the Satsuma fruits. Scanning electron microscopy showed that larger and more wax platelets were deposited on the surface of Newhall fruits than on the Satsuma fruits. Moreover, the expression levels of genes involved in the wax formation were consistent with the biochemical and crystal morphological analyses. These diversities of fruit wax between the two cultivars may contribute to the differences of fruit postharvest storage properties, which can provide important information for the production of synthetic wax for citrus fruits.
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isolation of cytoplasts from satsuma mandarin citrus unshiu marc and production of alloplasmic hybrid calluses via cytoplast protoplast fusion
Plant Cell Reports, 2006Co-Authors: Xiaoyong Xu, Xiuxin DengAbstract:Cytoplasm of Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) is known to influence seedlessness. Transfer of cytoplasm to a seedy cultivar could possibly lead to the production of seedless citrus fruits. In the present paper cytoplasts were isolated from cell suspension-derived protoplasts of Satsuma mandarin via ultra-centrifugation in a discontinuous gradient. No nucleus could be detected in the cytoplasts by DAPI (4′, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) staining compared with normal protoplasts. The cytoplasts, with high viability and small size, did not divide during solid embedding culture. Cytoplasts of Satsuma mandarin were electrically fused with embryogenic protoplasts of Murcott tangor (C. reticulata × C. sinensis), which led to regeneration of several cell lines. Flow cytometry (FCM) indicated that the cell lines were diploids. Simple sequence repeats (SSR) and cleaved amplified polymorphism sequence (CAPS) showed that the cell lines got their nuclear DNA from the protoplast parent, whereas the cytoplast parent donated the mtDNA, confirming transfer of mtDNA from Satsuma mandarin into Murcott tangor via cytoplast–protoplast fusion though no polymorphism was detected in chloroplast DNA between the fusion partners. This is the first report on isolation and characterization of cytoplasts, together with cytoplast–protoplast fusion in Citrus, which has a potential for citrus cultivar improvement involving cytoplasm transfer via cytoplast–protoplast fusion.
Hai-qiong Zhao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Integrability and gauge equivalence of the reverse space–time nonlocal Sasa–Satsuma equation
Nonlinear Dynamics, 2017Co-Authors: Hai-qiong ZhaoAbstract:The integrability of the reverse space–time nonlocal Sasa–Satsuma equation in the Liouville sense is established by showing the existence of infinitely many conservation laws and putting into a bi-Hamiltonian form. Further, we show that the nonlocal Sasa–Satsuma equation for focusing case and defocusing case is, respectively, gauge equivalent to a generalized Heisenberg-like equation and a modified generalized Heisenberg-like equation. Finally, by using of special variable transformations, various kinds of nonlinear waves are obtained from those of the classical counterpart.
Masamichi Yano - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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chronic administration of satsuma mandarin fruit citrus unshiu marc improves oxidative stress in streptozotocin induced diabetic rat liver
Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 2006Co-Authors: Minoru Sugiura, Makoto Ohshima, Kazunori Ogawa, Masamichi YanoAbstract:Fruits and vegetables contain numerous antioxidants such as carotenoids, vitamins, and phenolic phytochemicals. Recent studies have demonstrated that antioxidants may reduce the risk for diabetes or its complications. In this study, we investigated the effects of the chronic administration of Satsuma mandarin fruit on an antioxidant defense system in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat liver. After a ten-week administration of Satsuma mandarin, antioxidant enzymes and glutathione levels in the liver were evaluated. The superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione-peroxidase (GPx) activities, and glutathione level in the STZ-induced diabetic rats liver decreased significantly compared with those in the age-matched normal rats. The glutathione-reductase (GR) activities did not differ significantly between these two groups. In contrast, the SOD, GR, and glutathione levels in the Satsuma mandarin (1% or 3%) diet-fed STZ-diabetic rat livers were significantly higher than those in the normal diet-fed STZ-diabetic rat livers. In addition, although the serum alanine aminotransferase and γ-glutamyl-aminotransferase concentrations of normal diet-fed STZ-diabetic rats were significantly higher than those of the age-matched normal rats, these increments of serum liver enzymes were diminished by the chronic administration of Satsuma mandarin. These results suggest that Satsuma mandarin may act as a suppressor against liver cell damage and inhibit the progression of liver dysfunction induced by chronic hyperglycemia.
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Multiple Linear Regression Analysis of the Seasonal Changes in the Serum Concentration of β-Cryptoxanthin
Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, 2004Co-Authors: Minoru Sugiura, Yoshinori Ikoma, Hikaru Matsumoto, Masamichi Yano, Masaya Kato, Akihiko NagaoAbstract:Beta-cryptoxanthin (β-CRX) is a carotenoid pigment found in Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) fruit, which is heavily produced in Japan. In this study, we evaluated the seasonal changes in the serum β-CRX level and investigated predictors of serum β-CRX level by multiple linear regression analysis. Blood tests and self-administered questionnaires were used every other month for one year. The subjects were healthy volunteers, 15 males and 12 females. The serum β-CRX levels increased dramatically as the intake of Satsuma mandarin increased; the maximum increase was noted in January. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that, in males, the serum β-CRX level could be predicted by Satsuma mandarin intake, age and the month of blood sampling; however, it was inversely associated with alcohol and smoking habits. Conversely, in females, the serum β-CRX concentration could be predicted by Satsuma mandarin intake, the month of blood sampling and age; however, it was inversely associated with body mass index. The results of multiple linear regression analysis suggest that the serum β-CRX levels can be used to evaluate the intake volume of Satsuma mandarin. Furthermore, β-CRX is a useful biomarker to estimate the beneficial effects of Satsuma mandarin intake in epidemiological studies.
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accumulation of carotenoids and expression of carotenoid biosynthetic genes during maturation in citrus fruit
Plant Physiology, 2004Co-Authors: Masaya Kato, Yoshinori Ikoma, Hikaru Matsumoto, Minoru Sugiura, Hiroshi Hyodo, Masamichi YanoAbstract:The relationship between carotenoid accumulation and the expression of carotenoid biosynthetic genes during fruit maturation was investigated in three citrus varieties, Satsuma mandarin ( Citrus unshiu Marc.), Valencia orange ( Citrus sinensis Osbeck), and Lisbon lemon ( Citrus limon Burm.f.). We cloned the cDNAs for phytoene synthase ( CitPSY ), phytoene desaturase ( CitPDS ), ζ-carotene (car) desaturase ( CitZDS ), carotenoid isomerase ( CitCRTISO ), lycopene β-cyclase ( CitLCYb ), β-ring hydroxylase ( CitHYb ), zeaxanthin (zea) epoxidase ( CitZEP ), and lycopene ϵ-cyclase ( CitLCYe ) from Satsuma mandarin, which shared high identities in nucleotide sequences with Valencia orange, Lisbon lemon, and other plant species. With the transition of peel color from green to orange, the change from β,ϵ-carotenoid (α-car and lutein) accumulation to β,β-carotenoid (β-car, β-cryptoxanthin, zea, and violaxanthin) accumulation was observed in the flavedos of Satsuma mandarin and Valencia orange, accompanying the disappearance of CitLCYe transcripts and the increase in CitLCYb transcripts. Even in green fruit, high levels of β,ϵ-carotenoids and CitLCYe transcripts were not observed in the juice sacs. As fruit maturation progressed in Satsuma mandarin and Valencia orange, a simultaneous increase in the expression of genes ( CitPSY, CitPDS, CitZDS, CitLCYb, CitHYb , and CitZEP ) led to massive β,β-xanthophyll (β-cryptoxanthin, zea, and violaxanthin) accumulation in both the flavedo and juice sacs. The gene expression of CitCRTISO was kept low or decreased in the flavedo during massive β,β-xanthophyll accumulation. In the flavedo of Lisbon lemon and Satsuma mandarin, massive accumulation of phytoene was observed with a decrease in the transcript level for CitPDS . Thus, the carotenoid accumulation during citrus fruit maturation was highly regulated by the coordination of the expression among carotenoid biosynthetic genes. In this paper, the mechanism leading to diversity in β,β-xanthophyll compositions between Satsuma mandarin and Valencia orange was also discussed on the basis of the substrate specificity of β-ring hydroxylase and the balance of expression between upstream synthesis genes ( CitPSY, CitPDS, CitZDS , and CitLCYb ) and downstream synthesis genes ( CitHYb and CitZEP ).
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accumulation of carotenoids and expression of carotenoid biosynthetic genes during maturation in citrus fruit
Plant Physiology, 2004Co-Authors: Masaya Kato, Yoshinori Ikoma, Hikaru Matsumoto, Minoru Sugiura, Hiroshi Hyodo, Masamichi YanoAbstract:The relationship between carotenoid accumulation and the expression of carotenoid biosynthetic genes during fruit maturation was investigated in three citrus varieties, Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.), Valencia orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck), and Lisbon lemon (Citrus limon Burm.f.). We cloned the cDNAs for phytoene synthase (CitPSY), phytoene desaturase (CitPDS), zeta-carotene (car) desaturase (CitZDS), carotenoid isomerase (CitCRTISO), lycopene beta-cyclase (CitLCYb), beta-ring hydroxylase (CitHYb), zeaxanthin (zea) epoxidase (CitZEP), and lycopene epsilon-cyclase (CitLCYe) from Satsuma mandarin, which shared high identities in nucleotide sequences with Valencia orange, Lisbon lemon, and other plant species. With the transition of peel color from green to orange, the change from beta,epsilon-carotenoid (alpha-car and lutein) accumulation to beta,beta-carotenoid (beta-car, beta-cryptoxanthin, zea, and violaxanthin) accumulation was observed in the flavedos of Satsuma mandarin and Valencia orange, accompanying the disappearance of CitLCYe transcripts and the increase in CitLCYb transcripts. Even in green fruit, high levels of beta,epsilon-carotenoids and CitLCYe transcripts were not observed in the juice sacs. As fruit maturation progressed in Satsuma mandarin and Valencia orange, a simultaneous increase in the expression of genes (CitPSY, CitPDS, CitZDS, CitLCYb, CitHYb, and CitZEP) led to massive beta,beta-xanthophyll (beta-cryptoxanthin, zea, and violaxanthin) accumulation in both the flavedo and juice sacs. The gene expression of CitCRTISO was kept low or decreased in the flavedo during massive beta,beta-xanthophyll accumulation. In the flavedo of Lisbon lemon and Satsuma mandarin, massive accumulation of phytoene was observed with a decrease in the transcript level for CitPDS. Thus, the carotenoid accumulation during citrus fruit maturation was highly regulated by the coordination of the expression among carotenoid biosynthetic genes. In this paper, the mechanism leading to diversity in beta,beta-xanthophyll compositions between Satsuma mandarin and Valencia orange was also discussed on the basis of the substrate specificity of beta-ring hydroxylase and the balance of expression between upstream synthesis genes (CitPSY, CitPDS, CitZDS, and CitLCYb) and downstream synthesis genes (CitHYb and CitZEP).
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serum concentration of β cryptoxanthin in japan reflects the frequency of satsuma mandarin citrus unshiu marc consumption
Journal of Health Science, 2002Co-Authors: Minoru Sugiura, Akihiko Nagao, Hikaru Matsumoto, Masaya Kato, Masamichi YanoAbstract:Beta-cryptoxanthin (β-CRX) is a carotenoid pigment found in peach, papaya, and citrus fruits such as orange and tangerine. It is also found, especially, in Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.), which is heavily produced in Japan and is mainly harvested from October to February. In this study, we investigated the relationship of serum concentration of β-CRX to the frequency of Satsuma mandarin consumption using 94 healthy nonsmoking female volunteers. In September, when Satsuma mandarin is not in season, even though the volunteers had not eaten citrus fruits or processed food including citrus for a two-month period, the serum concentration of β-CRX in the participants who ate more than four Satsuma mandarins daily was high enough to be statistically significant compared with the participants who rarely ate any (p < 0.05). Furthermore, when the Satsuma mandarin was in season in January, the serum concentration of β-CRX increased remarkably depending on the frequency of Satsuma mandarin consumption. These results suggest that β-CRX is stored in some tissues for several months and that it is a useful biomarker for estimating the frequency of Satsuma mandarin consumption.
D. K. Demskoi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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On recursion operators for the Sasa-Satsuma and complex sine-Gordon II equations
2008Co-Authors: D. K. DemskoiAbstract:We present a new symplectic structure and a hereditary recursion operator for the Sasa-Satsuma equation which is widely used in nonlinear optics. Using an integrodierential substitution relating this equation to a third-order symmetry ow of the complex sine-Gordon II equation enabled us to nd a hereditary recursion operator and higher Hamiltonian structures for the latter equation. We also show that both the Sasa-Satsuma equation and the third-order symmetry ow for the complex sine-Gordon II equation are bi-Hamiltonian systems.
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sasa satsuma complex modified korteweg de vries ii and the complex sine gordon ii equation revisited recursion operators nonlocal symmetries and more
Journal of Mathematical Physics, 2007Co-Authors: Artur Sergyeyev, D. K. DemskoiAbstract:We present a new symplectic structure and a hereditary recursion operator for the Sasa-Satsuma equation which is widely used in nonlinear optics. Using an integrodifferential substitution relating this equation to a third-order symmetry flow of the complex sine-Gordon II equation enabled us to find a hereditary recursion operator and higher Hamiltonian structures for the latter equation. We also show that both the Sasa-Satsuma equation and the third-order symmetry flow for the complex sine-Gordon II equation are bi-Hamiltonian systems, and we construct several hierarchies of local and nonlocal symmetries for these systems.
