The Experts below are selected from a list of 573 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Geoffrey N Gobert - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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apoptosis phenomenon in the Schistosomulum and adult worm life cycle stages of schistosoma japonicum
Parasitology International, 2013Co-Authors: Hongxiao Han, Geoffrey N Gobert, Jiaojiao Lin, Jinbiao Peng, Yang Hong, Min Zhang, Yanhui Han, Yaojun Shi, Jianping TaoAbstract:Abstract Apoptosis is an important aspect of a number of biological processes, from embryogenesis to the stress–injury response. It plays a central role in balancing cell proliferation and tissue remodeling activity in many organisms. In the present study, apoptosis in 14 days post infection schistosomula was evaluated using TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling) assays and DAPI staining. Additionally, flow cytometry using the Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide (PI) (Annexin V/PI) assay confirmed the percentage of early apoptotic, late apoptotic, and necrotic cells in 14 and 23 days post infection worms. Conserved Domain Database (CDD) BLAST analysis and alignment analysis of known schistosome proteins demonstrated the feasibility of detecting the activity of caspase-3 and -7 using the caspase-3/7 Glo analysis assay. Analysis of caspase-3 and -7 activities in schistosome demonstrated that both caspases were active in each developmental stage of Schistosoma japonicum , but was highest in the 14 days post infection schistosomula. Additionally, the caspase peptide inhibitor (Z-VAD-FMK) inhibited the caspase-3/7 activity at all developmental stages examined. Therefore, we hypothesized that two main signaling pathways are involved in apoptosis in S . japonicum , the caspase cascade and the mitochondrial-initiated pathway. We have constructed a model of these two pathways, including how they may interact and their biological outcomes. qRT-PCR analyses of the gene expression profiles of apoptosis-related genes supported our hypothesis of the relationship between the apoptotic pathway and parasite development. The data presented here demonstrates that apoptosis is an important biological process for the survival and development of the schistosome, and identifies potential novel therapeutic targets.
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migrating schistosoma japonicum schistosomula induce an innate immune response and wound healing in the murine lung
Molecular Immunology, 2011Co-Authors: Melissa L Burke, Donald P Mcmanus, Laken Mcgarvey, Henry J Mcsorley, Helle Bielefeldtohmann, Geoffrey N GobertAbstract:The migrating Schistosomulum is an important stage of the schistosome lifecycle and represents a key target for elimination of infection by natural and vaccine-induced host immune responses. To gain a better understanding of how schistosomes initiate a primary host immune response we have characterised the host lung response to migrating Schistosoma japonicum schistosomula using a combination of histopathology, microarray analysis and real-time PCR. Our findings indicate that the early pulmonary response to these migrating larvae is characteristic of innate inflammation and wound healing. This response is associated with significant up-regulation of several genes with immunoregulatory function including Ch25h, Hmox1 and Retnla which may act to control the nature or magnitude of the inflammatory response to the migrating schistosomula, promoting both parasite and host survival. These findings contribute to our understanding of host-parasite interactions associated with schistosome and, especially, S. japonicum infection, and may aid the future design of novel vaccines that target the lung stage Schistosomulum.
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biology of the schistosome lung stage Schistosomulum
Parasitology, 2007Co-Authors: Geoffrey N Gobert, M Chai, Donald P McmanusAbstract:Past and more recent research has examined the ultrastructure, metabolism, cell biology, genomics and post-genomics of schistosome schistosomula. These areas are considered and discussed in this review with particular emphasis on (1) the early migration phases through the host, (2) interaction of the host immune response with the parasite surface, (3) glucose uptake mechanisms, and (4) defining the transcriptional profiles of lung-stage schistosomula compared with other developmental stages using microarrays. The microarray profiling studies suggest caution is required when considering the use of schistosomes obtained by in vitro means for molecular or biochemical studies.
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transcriptome profiling of lung schistosomula in vitro cultured schistosomula and adult schistosoma japonicum
Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 2006Co-Authors: M Chai, Alex Loukas, Donald P Mcmanus, Russell L Mcinnes, Luke Moertel, Mai H Tran, M K Jonesa, Geoffrey N GobertAbstract:The Schistosomulum is the main target of vaccine-induced protective immunity; however, most studies have utilized schistosomula produced by mechanical transformation of infective larvae followed by in vitro culture rather than larvae isolated directly from the lungs of infected mammals. Using transmission electron microscopy, we demonstrated that there was little difference in the ultrastructure of Schistosoma japonicum schistosomula obtained by the two methods. However, significant differences in gene expression profiles were apparent when we used an oligonucleotide microarray to compare the gene expression profiles of schistosomula obtained in vivo from lung tissue with those maintained in vitro, and with adult worms of S. japonicum. It is likely that host environmental factors, which cannot be reliably reproduced in vitro, do influence the growth, development and overall biology of schistosomes. Thus caution is urged when using in vitro-cultured schistosomes and mechanically transformed/cultured schistosomula in molecular, biochemical and immunological studies.
Petr Horak - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Reaction of human recombinant mannan-binding lectin with the surface of T. regenti larvae.
2017Co-Authors: Jana Řimnáčová, Libor Mikeš, Libuše Turjanicová, Jana Bulantová, Petr HorakAbstract:(A) cercaria. (B) Schistosomulum from duck spinal cord 5 days post infection. Prior to immunochemistry, parasites were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde. Scale bars 50 μm.
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Detection of Lewis X antigen on the surface of T. regenti larvae by immunocytochemistry with anti-CD15 mAb.
2017Co-Authors: Jana Řimnáčová, Libor Mikeš, Libuše Turjanicová, Jana Bulantová, Petr HorakAbstract:(A-F) schistosomula from specific definitive hosts (ducks): (A) 1-day-old schistosomula ex vivo, LeX is present only on the anterior surface of one of two larvae of the same age; arrow points to the anterior part of the Schistosomulum not reacting with mAb. (B) view of two schistosomula from”A” by light microscopy. (C+D) 3-days-old schistosomula ex vivo. (E) 5-days-old Schistosomulum ex vivo. (F) 7-days-old Schistosomulum ex vivo. (G) 7-days-old Schistosomulum ex vivo from a non-specific host (mouse). (H) cercaria–mAb bound only to the secretions of cercarial penetration glands. (I) 3-days-old Schistosomulum transformed in vitro. AP anterior part of larva, A acetabulum, S secretions of penetration glands. Scale bars 50 μm.
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Glycocalyx shedding by T. regenti cercaria after stimulation with JAC lectin.
2017Co-Authors: Jana Řimnáčová, Libor Mikeš, Libuše Turjanicová, Jana Bulantová, Petr HorakAbstract:(A) anterior half of cercarial body shed the glycocalyx. (B) a ring of glycocalyx with bound lectin was shed from the anterior part of body and rolled over the posterior part and the tail stem. ST shed glycocalyx, AP anterior part of cercaria/Schistosomulum body, A acetabulum. Scale bars 50 μm.
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cercaria of schistosoma
2016Co-Authors: Martin Kasný, Wilfried Haas, G Jamieson M Barrie, Petr HorakAbstract:Cercaria of the genus Schistosoma represents a free-swimming developmental stage that to complete its life cycle must contact the mammalian skin. Thereafter, it penetrates the skin and transforms into an intravertebrate stage – the Schistosomulum. Therefore, the cercaria represents an infective stage, a link between the intermediate (snail) and the definitive (mammal) hosts. The cercaria lives for only a brief time in fresh water; it apparently does not feed and if it fails to rapidly penetrate the host and continue development its stored energy resources become exhausted and it dies (Coles 1972; Dorsey et al. 2002; McKerrow et al. 2006). The following account of the morphology and ultrastructure of the cercaria of Schistosoma is based on a high number of fundamental historical works, such as those written by, e.g., Morris (1971), Yamaguti (1971), Stirewalt (1974), Samuelson and Caulfield (1985). Among recent contributions in the field it is necessary to mention comprehensive works of Dorsey et al. (2002) and Collins et al. (2011). In addition to outlining the morphology and anatomy, this chapter investigates dispersal of cercariae and selection of the definitive host, temporal correlation with the host activities, shedding (emergence) from the snail intermediate host, longevity and infectivity of cercariae, behavior after contact with the host and the penetration process as the key point in host invasion. Many of the processes mentioned above are dependent on the action of molecular factors produced by cercariae; therefore, the data on important proteins, saccharides and other substances and their expression in the cercarial body will also be presented. Origin of the cercaria from the sporocyst is briefly discussed by Yoshino et al. (Chapter 7) and its transition into the Schistosomulum by Gobert and Nawaratna (Chapter 9).
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Characteristics of the transcriptomic and predicted proteomic datasets for the cercaria and Schistosomulum stages of Trichobilharzia regenti.
2016Co-Authors: Roman Leontovyč, Martin Kasný, Petr Horak, Libor Mikeš, Neil D. Young, Pasi K. Korhonen, Ross S. Hall, Patrick Tan, Robin B. GasserAbstract:Characteristics of the transcriptomic and predicted proteomic datasets for the cercaria and Schistosomulum stages of Trichobilharzia regenti.
Donald P Mcmanus - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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migrating schistosoma japonicum schistosomula induce an innate immune response and wound healing in the murine lung
Molecular Immunology, 2011Co-Authors: Melissa L Burke, Donald P Mcmanus, Laken Mcgarvey, Henry J Mcsorley, Helle Bielefeldtohmann, Geoffrey N GobertAbstract:The migrating Schistosomulum is an important stage of the schistosome lifecycle and represents a key target for elimination of infection by natural and vaccine-induced host immune responses. To gain a better understanding of how schistosomes initiate a primary host immune response we have characterised the host lung response to migrating Schistosoma japonicum schistosomula using a combination of histopathology, microarray analysis and real-time PCR. Our findings indicate that the early pulmonary response to these migrating larvae is characteristic of innate inflammation and wound healing. This response is associated with significant up-regulation of several genes with immunoregulatory function including Ch25h, Hmox1 and Retnla which may act to control the nature or magnitude of the inflammatory response to the migrating schistosomula, promoting both parasite and host survival. These findings contribute to our understanding of host-parasite interactions associated with schistosome and, especially, S. japonicum infection, and may aid the future design of novel vaccines that target the lung stage Schistosomulum.
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biology of the schistosome lung stage Schistosomulum
Parasitology, 2007Co-Authors: Geoffrey N Gobert, M Chai, Donald P McmanusAbstract:Past and more recent research has examined the ultrastructure, metabolism, cell biology, genomics and post-genomics of schistosome schistosomula. These areas are considered and discussed in this review with particular emphasis on (1) the early migration phases through the host, (2) interaction of the host immune response with the parasite surface, (3) glucose uptake mechanisms, and (4) defining the transcriptional profiles of lung-stage schistosomula compared with other developmental stages using microarrays. The microarray profiling studies suggest caution is required when considering the use of schistosomes obtained by in vitro means for molecular or biochemical studies.
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transcriptome profiling of lung schistosomula in vitro cultured schistosomula and adult schistosoma japonicum
Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 2006Co-Authors: M Chai, Alex Loukas, Donald P Mcmanus, Russell L Mcinnes, Luke Moertel, Mai H Tran, M K Jonesa, Geoffrey N GobertAbstract:The Schistosomulum is the main target of vaccine-induced protective immunity; however, most studies have utilized schistosomula produced by mechanical transformation of infective larvae followed by in vitro culture rather than larvae isolated directly from the lungs of infected mammals. Using transmission electron microscopy, we demonstrated that there was little difference in the ultrastructure of Schistosoma japonicum schistosomula obtained by the two methods. However, significant differences in gene expression profiles were apparent when we used an oligonucleotide microarray to compare the gene expression profiles of schistosomula obtained in vivo from lung tissue with those maintained in vitro, and with adult worms of S. japonicum. It is likely that host environmental factors, which cannot be reliably reproduced in vitro, do influence the growth, development and overall biology of schistosomes. Thus caution is urged when using in vitro-cultured schistosomes and mechanically transformed/cultured schistosomula in molecular, biochemical and immunological studies.
Robin B. Gasser - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Characteristics of the transcriptomic and predicted proteomic datasets for the cercaria and Schistosomulum stages of Trichobilharzia regenti.
2016Co-Authors: Roman Leontovyč, Martin Kasný, Petr Horak, Libor Mikeš, Neil D. Young, Pasi K. Korhonen, Ross S. Hall, Patrick Tan, Robin B. GasserAbstract:Characteristics of the transcriptomic and predicted proteomic datasets for the cercaria and Schistosomulum stages of Trichobilharzia regenti.
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Summary of enriched metabolic pathways and enzyme classes of Schistosomulum stage (S) with comparison to cercaria (C) of Trichobilharzia regenti based on KEGG BRITE/pathway classification and Gene ontology (GO).
2016Co-Authors: Roman Leontovyč, Martin Kasný, Petr Horak, Libor Mikeš, Neil D. Young, Pasi K. Korhonen, Ross S. Hall, Patrick Tan, Robin B. GasserAbstract:Summary of enriched metabolic pathways and enzyme classes of Schistosomulum stage (S) with comparison to cercaria (C) of Trichobilharzia regenti based on KEGG BRITE/pathway classification and Gene ontology (GO).
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Summary of enriched metabolic pathways and enzyme classes of cercaria stage (C) with comparison to Schistosomulum (S) of Trichobilharzia regenti based on KEGG BRITE/pathway classification and Gene ontology (GO).
2016Co-Authors: Roman Leontovyč, Martin Kasný, Petr Horak, Libor Mikeš, Neil D. Young, Pasi K. Korhonen, Ross S. Hall, Patrick Tan, Robin B. GasserAbstract:Summary of enriched metabolic pathways and enzyme classes of cercaria stage (C) with comparison to Schistosomulum (S) of Trichobilharzia regenti based on KEGG BRITE/pathway classification and Gene ontology (GO).
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Comparative Transcriptomic Exploration Reveals Unique Molecular Adaptations of Neuropathogenic Trichobilharzia to Invade and Parasitize Its Avian Definitive Host - Fig 2
2016Co-Authors: Roman Leontovyč, Martin Kasný, Petr Horak, Libor Mikeš, Neil D. Young, Pasi K. Korhonen, Ross S. Hall, Patrick Tan, Robin B. GasserAbstract:(A) Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) BRITE annotation of transcripts from cercaria and Schistosomulum transcriptomes of Trichobilharzia regenti. (B, C) Venn diagrams displaying the results from homology-based comparisons of transcripts in the transcriptome of T. regenti cercariae or schistosomula with the genomes of Schistosoma mansoni (SM), S. haematobium (SH), S. japonicum (SJ), Clonorchis sinensis (CS) and Opisthorchis viverrini (OV).
Libor Mikeš - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Reaction of human recombinant mannan-binding lectin with the surface of T. regenti larvae.
2017Co-Authors: Jana Řimnáčová, Libor Mikeš, Libuše Turjanicová, Jana Bulantová, Petr HorakAbstract:(A) cercaria. (B) Schistosomulum from duck spinal cord 5 days post infection. Prior to immunochemistry, parasites were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde. Scale bars 50 μm.
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Detection of Lewis X antigen on the surface of T. regenti larvae by immunocytochemistry with anti-CD15 mAb.
2017Co-Authors: Jana Řimnáčová, Libor Mikeš, Libuše Turjanicová, Jana Bulantová, Petr HorakAbstract:(A-F) schistosomula from specific definitive hosts (ducks): (A) 1-day-old schistosomula ex vivo, LeX is present only on the anterior surface of one of two larvae of the same age; arrow points to the anterior part of the Schistosomulum not reacting with mAb. (B) view of two schistosomula from”A” by light microscopy. (C+D) 3-days-old schistosomula ex vivo. (E) 5-days-old Schistosomulum ex vivo. (F) 7-days-old Schistosomulum ex vivo. (G) 7-days-old Schistosomulum ex vivo from a non-specific host (mouse). (H) cercaria–mAb bound only to the secretions of cercarial penetration glands. (I) 3-days-old Schistosomulum transformed in vitro. AP anterior part of larva, A acetabulum, S secretions of penetration glands. Scale bars 50 μm.
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Glycocalyx shedding by T. regenti cercaria after stimulation with JAC lectin.
2017Co-Authors: Jana Řimnáčová, Libor Mikeš, Libuše Turjanicová, Jana Bulantová, Petr HorakAbstract:(A) anterior half of cercarial body shed the glycocalyx. (B) a ring of glycocalyx with bound lectin was shed from the anterior part of body and rolled over the posterior part and the tail stem. ST shed glycocalyx, AP anterior part of cercaria/Schistosomulum body, A acetabulum. Scale bars 50 μm.
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Characteristics of the transcriptomic and predicted proteomic datasets for the cercaria and Schistosomulum stages of Trichobilharzia regenti.
2016Co-Authors: Roman Leontovyč, Martin Kasný, Petr Horak, Libor Mikeš, Neil D. Young, Pasi K. Korhonen, Ross S. Hall, Patrick Tan, Robin B. GasserAbstract:Characteristics of the transcriptomic and predicted proteomic datasets for the cercaria and Schistosomulum stages of Trichobilharzia regenti.
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Summary of enriched metabolic pathways and enzyme classes of Schistosomulum stage (S) with comparison to cercaria (C) of Trichobilharzia regenti based on KEGG BRITE/pathway classification and Gene ontology (GO).
2016Co-Authors: Roman Leontovyč, Martin Kasný, Petr Horak, Libor Mikeš, Neil D. Young, Pasi K. Korhonen, Ross S. Hall, Patrick Tan, Robin B. GasserAbstract:Summary of enriched metabolic pathways and enzyme classes of Schistosomulum stage (S) with comparison to cercaria (C) of Trichobilharzia regenti based on KEGG BRITE/pathway classification and Gene ontology (GO).
