The Experts below are selected from a list of 48855 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Joshua M Pearce - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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compatibility of 3 d printed devices in cleanroom environments for semiconductor processing
Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing, 2019Co-Authors: Toni P Pasanen, Ismo T.s. Heikkinen, Hele Savin, Joshua M Pearce, Guillaume Von Gastrow, Ville VahanissiAbstract:Abstract 3-D printing has potential to revolutionize manufacturing of customized low-cost Scientific Equipment, and numerous self-designed applications have already been realized and demonstrated. However, the applicability of 3-D printed devices to cleanrooms used for semiconductor processing is not as straightforward, as the controlled environment sets strict requirements for the allowed materials and items. This work investigates the opportunity to utilize 3-D printing in cleanrooms by analyzing three potentially suitable polymers (polylactic acid (PLA), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polypropylene (PP)) for two applications that do not require particular chemical compatibility: a custom single wafer storage box and a wafer positioner for a metrology system. The designed Equipment supplements commercial selection by introducing support for samples with non-standard shape or size and simultaneously reduces the price of often extensively expensive cleanroom Equipment. The results show that the single wafer boxes 3-D printed from PLA and ABS generate as little particles as a commercial equivalent, whereas slightly more particles are found from a wafer stored in the self-printed PP box. Nevertheless, the number of particles on all wafers is in the same order of magnitude, indicating that 3-D printed boxes are not significant particle sources. The 3-D wafer positioner seems to cause a negligible particle increase on the manipulated wafer, while abrasion of the mechanical parts generate larger numbers of particles that may disperse in the environment. Regular cleaning of those parts is thus recommended, and applicability in a cleanroom environment will depend on the cleanliness constraints. Elemental analysis reveals that 3-D printed objects contain no other harmful metal impurities than those originating from colorants. Thus, 3-D printing filaments with natural color should be preferred for purposes, where metal contamination could be an issue, including semiconductor processing. Finally, 3-D printing filaments considered in this study are shown to be resistant to isopropanol and deionized water, which is critical for efficient cleaning for use of 3-D printed objects in cleanrooms. The results demonstrate that simple 3-D printed objects, such as wafer boxes or tweezers, are not notable contamination sources, and hence, are equally suitable for use in cleanrooms as the commercial equivalents.
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Chemical compatibility of fused filament fabrication-based 3-D printed components with solutions commonly used in semiconductor wet processing
Additive Manufacturing, 2018Co-Authors: Ismo T.s. Heikkinen, Christoffer Kauppinen, Sanja M. Asikainen, Zhengjun Liu, Steven Spoljaric, Jukka V Seppälä, Hele Savin, Joshua M PearceAbstract:3-D printing shows great potential in laboratories for making customized labware and reaction vessels. In addition, affordable fused filament fabrication (FFF)-based 3-D printing has successfully produced high-quality and affordable Scientific Equipment, focusing on tools without strict chemical compatibility limitations. As the additives and colorants used in 3-D printing filaments are proprietary, their compatibility with common chemicals is unknown, which has prevented their widespread use in laboratory chemical processing. In this study, the compatibility of ten widely available FFF plastics with solvents, acids, bases and solutions used in the wet processing of semiconductor materials is explored. The results provide data on materials unavailable in the literature and the chemical properties of 3-D printable plastics that were, are in line with literature. Overall, many 3-D printable plastics are compatible with concentrated solutions. Polypropylene emerged as a promising 3-D printable material for semiconductor processing due to its tolerance of strongly oxidizing acids, such as nitric and sulfuric acids. In addition, 3-D printed custom tools were demonstrated for a range of wet processing applications. The results show that 3-D printed plastics are potential materials for bespoke chemically resistant labware at less than 10% of the cost of such purchased tools. However, further studies are required to ascertain if such materials are fully compatible with clean room processing.
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return on investment for open source Scientific hardware development
Science and Public Policy, 2016Co-Authors: Joshua M PearceAbstract:The availability of free and open source hardware designs that can be replicated with low-cost 3D printers provides large values to scientists who need highly-customized low-volume production Scientific Equipment. Digital manufacturing technologies have only recently become widespread and the return on investment (ROI) was not clear, so funding for open hardware development was historically sparse. This paper clarifies a method for determining an ROI for the development of Scientific free and open source hardware (FOSH). By using an open source hardware design that can be manufactured digitally, the relatively minor development costs result in enormous ROIs for the Scientific community. A case study is presented of a syringe pump released under open license, which results in ROIs for funders ranging from hundreds to thousands of percent after only a few months. It is clear that policies encouraging FOSH Scientific hardware development should be adopted by organizations interested in maximizing return on public investments for science.
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low cost open source voltage and current monitor for gas metal arc weld 3d printing
Journal of Sensors, 2015Co-Authors: Anthony J Pinar, G. C. Anzalone, Bas Wijnen, Timothy C Havens, Paul G Sanders, Joshua M PearceAbstract:Arduino open-source microcontrollers are well known in sensor applications for Scientific Equipment and for controlling RepRap 3D printers. Recently low-cost open-source gas metal arc weld (GMAW) RepRap 3D printers have been developed. The entry-level welders used have minimal controls and therefore lack any real-time measurement of welder voltage or current. The preliminary work on process optimization of GMAW 3D printers requires a low-cost sensor and data logger system to measure welder current and voltage. This paper reports on the development of a low-cost open-source power measurement sensor system based on Arduino architecture. The sensor system was designed, built, and tested with two entry-level MIG welders. The full bill of materials and open source designs are provided. Voltage and current were measured while making stepwise adjustments to the manual voltage setting on the welder. Three conditions were tested while welding with steel and aluminum wire on steel substrates to assess the role of electrode material, shield gas, and welding velocity. The results showed that the open source sensor circuit performed as designed and could be constructed for <$100 in components representing a significant potential value through lateral scaling and replication in the 3D printing community.
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quantifying the value of open source hardware development
Social Science Research Network, 2014Co-Authors: Joshua M PearceAbstract:With the maturation of digital manufacturing technologies like 3-D printing, a new paradigm is emerging of distributed manufacturing in both Scientific Equipment and consumer goods. Hardware released under free licenses is known as free and open source hardware (FOSH). The availability of these FOSH designs has a large value to those with access to digital manufacturing methods and particularly for scientists with needs for highly-customized low-volume production products. It is challenging to use traditional funding models to support the necessary investment of resources in FOSH development because of the difficulty in quantifying the value of the result. In order to overcome that challenge and harvest the current opportunity in both low-cost Scientific Equipment and consumer products, this article evaluates the following methods to quantify the value of FOSH design including: 1) downloaded substitution valuation; 2) avoided reproduction valuation and 3) market savings valuation along with additional benefits related to market expansion, Scientific innovation acceleration, educational enhancement and medical care improvement. The strengths and weaknesses of these methods are analyzed and the results show that the methods are relatively straight-forward to institute, based on reliable freely-available data, and that they minimize assumptions. A case study of a syringe pump with numerous Scientific and medical applications is presented. The results found millions of dollars of economic value from a relatively simple Scientific device being released under open-licenses representing orders of magnitude increase in value from conventional proprietary development. The inescapable conclusion of this study is that FOSH development should be funded by organizations interested in maximizing return on public investments particularly in technologies associated with science, medicine and education.
Ismo T.s. Heikkinen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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compatibility of 3 d printed devices in cleanroom environments for semiconductor processing
Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing, 2019Co-Authors: Toni P Pasanen, Ismo T.s. Heikkinen, Hele Savin, Joshua M Pearce, Guillaume Von Gastrow, Ville VahanissiAbstract:Abstract 3-D printing has potential to revolutionize manufacturing of customized low-cost Scientific Equipment, and numerous self-designed applications have already been realized and demonstrated. However, the applicability of 3-D printed devices to cleanrooms used for semiconductor processing is not as straightforward, as the controlled environment sets strict requirements for the allowed materials and items. This work investigates the opportunity to utilize 3-D printing in cleanrooms by analyzing three potentially suitable polymers (polylactic acid (PLA), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polypropylene (PP)) for two applications that do not require particular chemical compatibility: a custom single wafer storage box and a wafer positioner for a metrology system. The designed Equipment supplements commercial selection by introducing support for samples with non-standard shape or size and simultaneously reduces the price of often extensively expensive cleanroom Equipment. The results show that the single wafer boxes 3-D printed from PLA and ABS generate as little particles as a commercial equivalent, whereas slightly more particles are found from a wafer stored in the self-printed PP box. Nevertheless, the number of particles on all wafers is in the same order of magnitude, indicating that 3-D printed boxes are not significant particle sources. The 3-D wafer positioner seems to cause a negligible particle increase on the manipulated wafer, while abrasion of the mechanical parts generate larger numbers of particles that may disperse in the environment. Regular cleaning of those parts is thus recommended, and applicability in a cleanroom environment will depend on the cleanliness constraints. Elemental analysis reveals that 3-D printed objects contain no other harmful metal impurities than those originating from colorants. Thus, 3-D printing filaments with natural color should be preferred for purposes, where metal contamination could be an issue, including semiconductor processing. Finally, 3-D printing filaments considered in this study are shown to be resistant to isopropanol and deionized water, which is critical for efficient cleaning for use of 3-D printed objects in cleanrooms. The results demonstrate that simple 3-D printed objects, such as wafer boxes or tweezers, are not notable contamination sources, and hence, are equally suitable for use in cleanrooms as the commercial equivalents.
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Chemical compatibility of fused filament fabrication-based 3-D printed components with solutions commonly used in semiconductor wet processing
Additive Manufacturing, 2018Co-Authors: Ismo T.s. Heikkinen, Christoffer Kauppinen, Sanja M. Asikainen, Zhengjun Liu, Steven Spoljaric, Jukka V Seppälä, Hele Savin, Joshua M PearceAbstract:3-D printing shows great potential in laboratories for making customized labware and reaction vessels. In addition, affordable fused filament fabrication (FFF)-based 3-D printing has successfully produced high-quality and affordable Scientific Equipment, focusing on tools without strict chemical compatibility limitations. As the additives and colorants used in 3-D printing filaments are proprietary, their compatibility with common chemicals is unknown, which has prevented their widespread use in laboratory chemical processing. In this study, the compatibility of ten widely available FFF plastics with solvents, acids, bases and solutions used in the wet processing of semiconductor materials is explored. The results provide data on materials unavailable in the literature and the chemical properties of 3-D printable plastics that were, are in line with literature. Overall, many 3-D printable plastics are compatible with concentrated solutions. Polypropylene emerged as a promising 3-D printable material for semiconductor processing due to its tolerance of strongly oxidizing acids, such as nitric and sulfuric acids. In addition, 3-D printed custom tools were demonstrated for a range of wet processing applications. The results show that 3-D printed plastics are potential materials for bespoke chemically resistant labware at less than 10% of the cost of such purchased tools. However, further studies are required to ascertain if such materials are fully compatible with clean room processing.
V. V. Kalegaev - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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lomonosov satellite space observatory to study extreme phenomena in space
Space Science Reviews, 2017Co-Authors: V. A. Sadovnichii, M. I. Panasyuk, V. V. Bogomolov, G. K. Garipov, V. V. Kalegaev, V.v. Benghin, B. A. Khrenov, A. M. Amelyushkin, P A Klimov, V L PetrovAbstract:The “Lomonosov” space project is lead by Lomonosov Moscow State University in collaboration with the following key partners: Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Russia, University of California, Los Angeles (USA), University of Pueblo (Mexico), Sungkyunkwan University (Republic of Korea) and with Russian space industry organizations to study some of extreme phenomena in space related to astrophysics, astroparticle physics, space physics, and space biology. The primary goals of this experiment are to study: This paper is directed towards the general description of both Scientific goals of the project and Scientific Equipment on board the satellite. The following papers of this issue are devoted to detailed descriptions of Scientific instruments.
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experiment on the vernov satellite transient energetic processes in the earth s atmosphere and magnetosphere part ii first results
Cosmic Research, 2016Co-Authors: M. I. Panasyuk, S. I. Svertilov, V. V. Bogomolov, G. K. Garipov, V. O. Barinova, A. V. Bogomolov, I. A. Golovanov, A. F. Iyudin, N N Vedenkin, V. V. KalegaevAbstract:We present the first experimental results on the observation of optical transients, gamma-ray bursts, relativistic electrons, and electromagnetic waves obtained during the experiment with the RELEC complex of Scientific Equipment on the Vernov satellite.
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experiment on the vernov satellite transient energetic processes in the earth s atmosphere and magnetosphere part i description of the experiment
Cosmic Research, 2016Co-Authors: M. I. Panasyuk, S. I. Svertilov, V. V. Bogomolov, G. K. Garipov, V. O. Barinova, A. V. Bogomolov, I. A. Golovanov, A. F. Iyudin, N N Vedenkin, V. V. KalegaevAbstract:The program of physical studies on the Vernov satellite launched on July 8, 2014 into a polar (640 × 830 km) solar-synchronous orbit with an inclination of 98.4° is presented. We described the complex of Scientific Equipment on this satellite in detail, including multidirectional gamma-ray detectors, electron spectrometers, red and ultra-violet detectors, and wave probes. The experiment on the Vernov satellite is mainly aimed at a comprehensive study of the processes of generation of transient phenomena in the optical and gamma-ray ranges in the Earth’s atmosphere (such as high-altitude breakdown on runaway relativistic electrons), the study of the action on the atmosphere of electrons precipitated from the radiation belts, and low- and high-frequency electromagnetic waves of both space and atmospheric origin.
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investigations of the space environment aboard the universitetsky tat yana and universitetsky tat yana 2 microsatellites
Solar System Research, 2011Co-Authors: V A Sadovnichy, M. I. Panasyuk, G. K. Garipov, V. O. Barinova, N N Vedenkin, I V Yashin, N A Vlasova, O R Grigoryan, T A Ivanova, V. V. KalegaevAbstract:The first results obtained through the university small satellites program developed at Moscow State University (MSU) are presented. The space environment was investigated aboard two MSU microsatellites designed for Scientific and educational purposes, Universitetsky-Tat’yana and Universitetsky-Tat’yana-2. The Scientific Equipment is described to study charged particles in near Earth space and atmospheric radiations in ultraviolet, red, and infrared optical wavelength ranges. The dynamic properties of fluxes of charged particles in microsatellite orbits are studied and findings are presented regarding specific parameters of solar proton penetration during the geomagnetic disturbances. Experimental results are considered concerning flashes of ultraviolet (UV), red (R), and infrared (IR) radiation that are transient light phenomena in the upper atmosphere. The space educational MSU program developed on the basis of the Universitetsky-Tat’yana projects is reviewed.
Hele Savin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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compatibility of 3 d printed devices in cleanroom environments for semiconductor processing
Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing, 2019Co-Authors: Toni P Pasanen, Ismo T.s. Heikkinen, Hele Savin, Joshua M Pearce, Guillaume Von Gastrow, Ville VahanissiAbstract:Abstract 3-D printing has potential to revolutionize manufacturing of customized low-cost Scientific Equipment, and numerous self-designed applications have already been realized and demonstrated. However, the applicability of 3-D printed devices to cleanrooms used for semiconductor processing is not as straightforward, as the controlled environment sets strict requirements for the allowed materials and items. This work investigates the opportunity to utilize 3-D printing in cleanrooms by analyzing three potentially suitable polymers (polylactic acid (PLA), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polypropylene (PP)) for two applications that do not require particular chemical compatibility: a custom single wafer storage box and a wafer positioner for a metrology system. The designed Equipment supplements commercial selection by introducing support for samples with non-standard shape or size and simultaneously reduces the price of often extensively expensive cleanroom Equipment. The results show that the single wafer boxes 3-D printed from PLA and ABS generate as little particles as a commercial equivalent, whereas slightly more particles are found from a wafer stored in the self-printed PP box. Nevertheless, the number of particles on all wafers is in the same order of magnitude, indicating that 3-D printed boxes are not significant particle sources. The 3-D wafer positioner seems to cause a negligible particle increase on the manipulated wafer, while abrasion of the mechanical parts generate larger numbers of particles that may disperse in the environment. Regular cleaning of those parts is thus recommended, and applicability in a cleanroom environment will depend on the cleanliness constraints. Elemental analysis reveals that 3-D printed objects contain no other harmful metal impurities than those originating from colorants. Thus, 3-D printing filaments with natural color should be preferred for purposes, where metal contamination could be an issue, including semiconductor processing. Finally, 3-D printing filaments considered in this study are shown to be resistant to isopropanol and deionized water, which is critical for efficient cleaning for use of 3-D printed objects in cleanrooms. The results demonstrate that simple 3-D printed objects, such as wafer boxes or tweezers, are not notable contamination sources, and hence, are equally suitable for use in cleanrooms as the commercial equivalents.
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Chemical compatibility of fused filament fabrication-based 3-D printed components with solutions commonly used in semiconductor wet processing
Additive Manufacturing, 2018Co-Authors: Ismo T.s. Heikkinen, Christoffer Kauppinen, Sanja M. Asikainen, Zhengjun Liu, Steven Spoljaric, Jukka V Seppälä, Hele Savin, Joshua M PearceAbstract:3-D printing shows great potential in laboratories for making customized labware and reaction vessels. In addition, affordable fused filament fabrication (FFF)-based 3-D printing has successfully produced high-quality and affordable Scientific Equipment, focusing on tools without strict chemical compatibility limitations. As the additives and colorants used in 3-D printing filaments are proprietary, their compatibility with common chemicals is unknown, which has prevented their widespread use in laboratory chemical processing. In this study, the compatibility of ten widely available FFF plastics with solvents, acids, bases and solutions used in the wet processing of semiconductor materials is explored. The results provide data on materials unavailable in the literature and the chemical properties of 3-D printable plastics that were, are in line with literature. Overall, many 3-D printable plastics are compatible with concentrated solutions. Polypropylene emerged as a promising 3-D printable material for semiconductor processing due to its tolerance of strongly oxidizing acids, such as nitric and sulfuric acids. In addition, 3-D printed custom tools were demonstrated for a range of wet processing applications. The results show that 3-D printed plastics are potential materials for bespoke chemically resistant labware at less than 10% of the cost of such purchased tools. However, further studies are required to ascertain if such materials are fully compatible with clean room processing.
M. I. Panasyuk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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lomonosov satellite space observatory to study extreme phenomena in space
Space Science Reviews, 2017Co-Authors: V. A. Sadovnichii, M. I. Panasyuk, V. V. Bogomolov, G. K. Garipov, V. V. Kalegaev, V.v. Benghin, B. A. Khrenov, A. M. Amelyushkin, P A Klimov, V L PetrovAbstract:The “Lomonosov” space project is lead by Lomonosov Moscow State University in collaboration with the following key partners: Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Russia, University of California, Los Angeles (USA), University of Pueblo (Mexico), Sungkyunkwan University (Republic of Korea) and with Russian space industry organizations to study some of extreme phenomena in space related to astrophysics, astroparticle physics, space physics, and space biology. The primary goals of this experiment are to study: This paper is directed towards the general description of both Scientific goals of the project and Scientific Equipment on board the satellite. The following papers of this issue are devoted to detailed descriptions of Scientific instruments.
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Measuring the isotopic composition of superheavy nuclei of galactic cosmic rays in the NUCLEON-2 experiment
Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics, 2017Co-Authors: D. E. Karmanov, M. I. Panasyuk, A. A. Kurganov, A. D. Panov, D. M. Podorozhny, L. G. Tkachev, A. N. TurundaevskiyAbstract:A brief survey of the data on the isotopic composition of superheavy nuclei in galactic cosmic rays is presented. The Scientific goals of the planned experiment are outlined, and the design of the NUCLEON-2 Scientific Equipment is given.
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preliminary results from the tus ultra high energy cosmic ray orbital telescope registration of low energy particles passing through the photodetector
Bulletin of The Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics, 2017Co-Authors: P A Klimov, M. I. Panasyuk, G. K. Garipov, B. A. Khrenov, Yu M Zotov, N P Chirskaya, S Sharakin, A V Shirokov, I V Yashin, A GrinyukAbstract:The TUS telescope, part of the Scientific Equipment on board the Lomonosov satellite, is the world’s first orbital detector of ultra-high energy cosmic rays. Preliminary results from analyzing unexpected powerful signals that have been detected from the first days of the telescope’s operation are presented. These signals appear simultaneously in time intervals of around 1 μs in groups of adjacent pixels of the photodetector and form linear track-like sequences. The results from computer simulations using the GEANT4 software and the observed strong latitudinal dependence of the distribution of the events favor the hypothesis that the observed signals result from protons with energies of several hundred MeV to several GeV passing through the photodetector of the TUS telescope.
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experiment on the vernov satellite transient energetic processes in the earth s atmosphere and magnetosphere part ii first results
Cosmic Research, 2016Co-Authors: M. I. Panasyuk, S. I. Svertilov, V. V. Bogomolov, G. K. Garipov, V. O. Barinova, A. V. Bogomolov, I. A. Golovanov, A. F. Iyudin, N N Vedenkin, V. V. KalegaevAbstract:We present the first experimental results on the observation of optical transients, gamma-ray bursts, relativistic electrons, and electromagnetic waves obtained during the experiment with the RELEC complex of Scientific Equipment on the Vernov satellite.
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experiment on the vernov satellite transient energetic processes in the earth s atmosphere and magnetosphere part i description of the experiment
Cosmic Research, 2016Co-Authors: M. I. Panasyuk, S. I. Svertilov, V. V. Bogomolov, G. K. Garipov, V. O. Barinova, A. V. Bogomolov, I. A. Golovanov, A. F. Iyudin, N N Vedenkin, V. V. KalegaevAbstract:The program of physical studies on the Vernov satellite launched on July 8, 2014 into a polar (640 × 830 km) solar-synchronous orbit with an inclination of 98.4° is presented. We described the complex of Scientific Equipment on this satellite in detail, including multidirectional gamma-ray detectors, electron spectrometers, red and ultra-violet detectors, and wave probes. The experiment on the Vernov satellite is mainly aimed at a comprehensive study of the processes of generation of transient phenomena in the optical and gamma-ray ranges in the Earth’s atmosphere (such as high-altitude breakdown on runaway relativistic electrons), the study of the action on the atmosphere of electrons precipitated from the radiation belts, and low- and high-frequency electromagnetic waves of both space and atmospheric origin.
