The Experts below are selected from a list of 315 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Mauro A M Carai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
reducing effect of a combination of phaseolus vulgaris and cynara Scolymus extracts on food intake and glycemia in rats
Phytotherapy Research, 2013Co-Authors: Noemi Fantini, Giancarlo Colombo, Gian Luigi Gessa, Antonella Riva, Ezio Bombardelli, Paolo Morazzoni, Mauro A M CaraiAbstract:Extracts from Phaseolus vulgaris and Cynara Scolymus may reduce food intake and/or postprandial glycemia. This study investigated the effect of standardized extracts of P. vulgaris and C. Scolymus and their combination on food intake and glycemia in rats. P. vulgaris and C. Scolymus extracts, and their 1:2 combination, were administered acutely to rats (a) given access to regular food and water, (b) given access to regular food, water, and a chocolate-flavored beverage, or (c) infused with a starch bolus. P. vulgaris extract and the combination produced comparable reductions in intake of regular food and chocolate-flavored beverage; conversely, C. Scolymus extract was ineffective on both parameters. P. vulgaris and C. Scolymus extracts additively contributed to the reducing effect of the combination on glycemic rise. These results suggest that a mixture of P. vulgaris and C. Scolymus extracts is preferable over each single extract, as it combines the anorectic effect of the P. vulgaris extract with the hypoglycemic effect of both extracts. These data support the recent clinical use of the combination of P. vulgaris and C. Scolymus extracts in the control of appetite, food intake, and postprandial glycemia and represent a successful example of translational research in the nutraceutical field. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
-
Reducing effect of a combination of Phaseolus vulgaris and Cynara Scolymus extracts on operant self-administration of a chocolate-flavoured beverage in rats.
Phytotherapy Research, 2012Co-Authors: Alessandro Zaru, Gian Luigi Gessa, Antonella Riva, Ezio Bombardelli, Paolo Morazzoni, Mauro A M Carai, Paola Maccioni, Giancarlo ColomboAbstract:Treatment with a rational combination of standardized extracts of Phaseolus vulgaris and Cynara Scolymus reduced food intake and glycemia in rats. The present study was designed to assess the effect of this extract combination and of each single extract in an experimental model of food craving, made up of rats displaying exaggerated seeking and taking behaviors for a chocolate-flavoured beverage. After training to lever-respond for the chocolate-flavoured beverage, rats were treated with vehicle, Phaseolus vulgaris extract alone (200mg/kg), Cynara Scolymus extract alone (400mg/kg), or combination of Phaseolus vulgaris (200mg/kg) and Cynara Scolymus (400mg/kg) extracts. The Phaseolus vulgaris extract and the extract combination exerted similar and substantial decrements in the number of lever-responses and amount of self-administered chocolate-flavoured beverage; conversely, the Cynara Scolymus extract was totally ineffective. These results suggest that (i) the capacity of the extract combination to reduce the self-administration of the chocolate-flavoured beverage entirely relied on the Phaseolus vulgaris extract, (ii) Phaseolus vulgaris extract may interfere with the mechanisms regulating food-related addictive-like behaviors, and (iii) combinations of Phaseolus vulgaris and Cynara Scolymus extracts may possess a broad spectrum of activities, from treatment of metabolic syndrome to overweight, obesity, and possibly food-related addictive disorders. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
-
evidence of glycemia lowering effect by a cynara Scolymus l extract in normal and obese rats
Phytotherapy Research, 2010Co-Authors: Noemi Fantini, Giancarlo Colombo, Antonella Riva, Ezio Bombardelli, Paolo Morazzoni, Andrea Giori, Mauro A M CaraiAbstract:Several recent preliminary clinical studies have suggested that artichoke (Cynara Scolymus L., Asteraceae family) preparations may be capable of lowering post-prandial glycemia. The present study was designed to test this hypothesis in laboratory rats. To this aim, non-selected Wistar and genetically obese Zucker rats were treated acutely with a purified extract of Cynara Scolymus flowering heads (500–1500 mg/kg by gavage) immediately prior to 1 h access to a fixed amount of food. Glycemia was recorded 60, 120 and 360 min after food presentation. Treatment with Cynara Scolymus flowering head extract resulted in a significant decrease of post-prandial glycemia in both rat strains. The lack of any fiber content in this Cynara Scolymus flowering head extract excludes the involvement of dietary fibers in glycemia reduction. The results obtained constitute the first evidence of a hypoglycemic effect of an artichoke preparation in laboratory rodents and confirm previous observations made in humans. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Veronika Butterweck - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
in vitro inhibitory potential of cynara Scolymus silybum marianum taraxacum officinale and peumus boldus on key enzymes relevant to metabolic syndrome
Phytomedicine, 2015Co-Authors: Angela Villiger, Filippo Sala, Andy Suter, Veronika ButterweckAbstract:Boldocynara®, a proprietary dietary supplement product consisting of the plants Cynara Scolymus, Silybum marianum, Taraxacum officinale, and Peumus boldus, used to promote functions of the liver and the gallbladder. It was the aim of the present study to look from a different perspective at the product by investigating the in vitro potential of Boldocynara® as a combination product and its individual extracts on key enzymes relevant to metabolic syndrome. Peumus boldus extract exhibited pronounced inhibitory activities on α-glucosidase (80% inhibition at 100 µg/ml, IC50: 17.56 µg/ml). Silybum marianum had moderate pancreatic lipase (PL) inhibitory activities (30% at 100 µg/ml) whereas Cynara Scolymus showed moderate ACE inhibitory activity (31% at 100 µg/ml). The combination had moderate to weak effects on the tested enzymes. In conclusion, our results indicate some moderate potential of the dietary supplement Boldocynara® and its single ingredients for the prevention of metabolic disorders.
I M Hueza - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
immunomodulatory effect of cynara Scolymus artichoke in rats
Phytotherapy Research, 2019Co-Authors: I M Hueza, Andre Tadeu Gotardo, Maria Izabel Da Silva Mattos, Silvana Lima GorniakAbstract:: Cynara Scolymus is a plant used both as food as well as medicinal plant worldwide. Cynarin is one of the main active principles of the plant, and it is also present in species such as Echinacea purpurae, which is known to have immunomodulatory activity. Thus, the objective of this study is to evaluate the immune effects of C. Scolymus in rats. Rats were treated with 1.0-, 2.0-, or 4.0-g/kg body weight of C. Scolymus extract for 28 days. Haemogram, serum biochemistry, lymphoid organs weight, and their cell phenotypes were evaluated. Macrophages and neutrophils oxidative burst, specific humoral immune response, and the delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) were studied. No changes in the haemogram, biochemical profile, antibody titers, lymphoid organs, and in their cellularities were observed. An increase in the basal activity of reactive oxygen species from male's macrophage was observed. There was a suppression of the DTH response in both gender when treated with the highest dose of C. Scolymus. This study is the first in the literature that revealed an immunosuppressive effect of C. Scolymus. We also verified that the doses of artichoke extract here employed did not cause general toxicity.
Noemi Fantini - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
reducing effect of a combination of phaseolus vulgaris and cynara Scolymus extracts on food intake and glycemia in rats
Phytotherapy Research, 2013Co-Authors: Noemi Fantini, Giancarlo Colombo, Gian Luigi Gessa, Antonella Riva, Ezio Bombardelli, Paolo Morazzoni, Mauro A M CaraiAbstract:Extracts from Phaseolus vulgaris and Cynara Scolymus may reduce food intake and/or postprandial glycemia. This study investigated the effect of standardized extracts of P. vulgaris and C. Scolymus and their combination on food intake and glycemia in rats. P. vulgaris and C. Scolymus extracts, and their 1:2 combination, were administered acutely to rats (a) given access to regular food and water, (b) given access to regular food, water, and a chocolate-flavored beverage, or (c) infused with a starch bolus. P. vulgaris extract and the combination produced comparable reductions in intake of regular food and chocolate-flavored beverage; conversely, C. Scolymus extract was ineffective on both parameters. P. vulgaris and C. Scolymus extracts additively contributed to the reducing effect of the combination on glycemic rise. These results suggest that a mixture of P. vulgaris and C. Scolymus extracts is preferable over each single extract, as it combines the anorectic effect of the P. vulgaris extract with the hypoglycemic effect of both extracts. These data support the recent clinical use of the combination of P. vulgaris and C. Scolymus extracts in the control of appetite, food intake, and postprandial glycemia and represent a successful example of translational research in the nutraceutical field. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
-
evidence of glycemia lowering effect by a cynara Scolymus l extract in normal and obese rats
Phytotherapy Research, 2010Co-Authors: Noemi Fantini, Giancarlo Colombo, Antonella Riva, Ezio Bombardelli, Paolo Morazzoni, Andrea Giori, Mauro A M CaraiAbstract:Several recent preliminary clinical studies have suggested that artichoke (Cynara Scolymus L., Asteraceae family) preparations may be capable of lowering post-prandial glycemia. The present study was designed to test this hypothesis in laboratory rats. To this aim, non-selected Wistar and genetically obese Zucker rats were treated acutely with a purified extract of Cynara Scolymus flowering heads (500–1500 mg/kg by gavage) immediately prior to 1 h access to a fixed amount of food. Glycemia was recorded 60, 120 and 360 min after food presentation. Treatment with Cynara Scolymus flowering head extract resulted in a significant decrease of post-prandial glycemia in both rat strains. The lack of any fiber content in this Cynara Scolymus flowering head extract excludes the involvement of dietary fibers in glycemia reduction. The results obtained constitute the first evidence of a hypoglycemic effect of an artichoke preparation in laboratory rodents and confirm previous observations made in humans. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
E. Portis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Construction of a reference molecular linkage map of globe artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. Scolymus)
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2009Co-Authors: E. Portis, Giovanni Mauromicale, R. Mauro, A. Acquadro, D. Scaglione, S. LanteriAbstract:The genome organization of globe artichoke ( Cynara cardunculus var. Scolymus ), unlike other species belonging to Asteraceae (=Compositae) family (i.e. sunflower, lettuce and chicory), remains largely unexplored. The species is highly heterozygous and suffers marked inbreeding depression when forced to self-fertilize. Thus a two-way pseudo-testcross represents the optimal strategy for linkage analysis. Here, we report linkage maps based on the progeny of a cross between globe artichoke ( C. cardunculus var. Scolymus ) and cultivated cardoon ( C. cardunculus var. altilis ). The population was genotyped using a variety of PCR-based marker platforms, resulting in the identification of 708 testcross markers suitable for map construction. The male map consisted of 177 loci arranged in 17 major linkage groups, spanning 1,015.5 cM, while female map was built with 326 loci arranged into 20 major linkage groups, spanning 1,486.8 cM. The presence of 84 loci shared between these maps and those previously developed from a cross within globe artichoke allowed for map alignment and the definition of 17 homologous linkage groups, corresponding to the haploid number of the species. This will provide a favourable property for QTL scanning; furthermore, as 25 mapped markers (8%) correspond to coding regions, it has an additional value as functional map and might represent an important genetic tool for candidate gene studies in globe artichoke.
-
isolation of microsatellite loci in artichoke cynara cardunculus l var Scolymus
Molecular Ecology Notes, 2003Co-Authors: Alberto Acquadro, E. Portis, Sergio LanteriAbstract:We report the development of nine microsatellite markers in globe artichoke (Cynara cardunculus L. var. Scolymus). Four markers were obtained from sequences available in GenBank and five were isolated using a biotin/streptavidin capture technique for (CA)n and (CT)n motifs directly from artichoke genomic DNA. Polymorphism was explored in 15 artichoke accessions that represent the genetic variation within cultivated varietal types. Inter-specific amplification was tested using cultivated cardoon (C. cardunculus L. var. altilis DC.) and wild cardoon (C. cardunculus L. var. sylvestris Lam.). Primers and conditions for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of detected loci are described.
