The Experts below are selected from a list of 2310 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

F Mohammed - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • effect of tamarind tamarindus indica Seed Husk tannins on in vitro rumen fermentation
    Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2001
    Co-Authors: R Bhatta, U Krishnamoorthy, F Mohammed
    Abstract:

    Abstract This study was conducted to determine the effect of tamarind Seed Husk (TSH) as a source of tannin on various parameters of rumen fermentation in vitro. The TSH contained 14% tannin (DM basis). The biological interference of TSH tannin on rumen fermentation was assessed using polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 as an indicator. Three compound feed mixtures (CFM) were prepared either without TSH (CFM-I), with 2.5% TSH (CFM-II) and with 7.5% TSH (CFM-III). Parameters studied were in vitro gas production with PEG, rate of substrate degradation, and microbial protein synthesis. Addition of PEG to TSH resulted in an increase in gas production from 5.5 to 16.5 ml per 200 mg DM. Presence of TSH tannin depressed cumulative gas production by 16.8% in CFM-II, and by 29.2% in CFM-III during initial stages of fermentation (i.e. at 8 h). Rate of substrate disappearance ( T 1/2 ) was 14.4, 17.6 and 20.5 h in CFM-I, CFM-II and CFM-III, respectively. Irrespective of the carbohydrate source, presence of TSH tannin improved the efficiency of microbial protein synthesis in vitro. Thus, TSH is a natural source of tannin that can be used to beneficially manipulate rumen fermentation.

  • effect of feeding tamarind tamarindus indica Seed Husk as a source of tannin on dry matter intake digestibility of nutrients and production performance of crossbred dairy cows in mid lactation
    Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2000
    Co-Authors: R Bhatta, U Krishnamoorthy, F Mohammed
    Abstract:

    Abstract The effect of feeding tamarind ( Tamarindus indica) Seed Husk (TSH) as a source of tannin on dry matter intake (DMI), digestibility, N balance, milk yield and milk composition was studied in crossbred dairy cows in mid-lactation. The study included lactation and metabolism trials. The lactation trial was conducted using nine multiparous cows in mid-lactation in a switchback design. The cows were divided into three groups of three each. The animals of Group I (GP-1) received a compounded feed mixture (CFM) without tamarind Seed Husk (control group), Group II (GP-II) CFM with 2.5% TSH and Group III (GP-III) CFM with 7.5% TSH. The duration of the trial was 18 weeks, each period lasting for six weeks. The diet consisted of finger millet straw (FMS) and CFM. The difference among the groups in DMI, milk yield, milk fat, solid not fat (SNF) and lactose was not significant ( p  > 0.05). The DOMD of the diets was similar. There was significant difference in body weight gain ( p p p p p

R Bhatta - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • effect of tamarind tamarindus indica Seed Husk tannins on in vitro rumen fermentation
    Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2001
    Co-Authors: R Bhatta, U Krishnamoorthy, F Mohammed
    Abstract:

    Abstract This study was conducted to determine the effect of tamarind Seed Husk (TSH) as a source of tannin on various parameters of rumen fermentation in vitro. The TSH contained 14% tannin (DM basis). The biological interference of TSH tannin on rumen fermentation was assessed using polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 as an indicator. Three compound feed mixtures (CFM) were prepared either without TSH (CFM-I), with 2.5% TSH (CFM-II) and with 7.5% TSH (CFM-III). Parameters studied were in vitro gas production with PEG, rate of substrate degradation, and microbial protein synthesis. Addition of PEG to TSH resulted in an increase in gas production from 5.5 to 16.5 ml per 200 mg DM. Presence of TSH tannin depressed cumulative gas production by 16.8% in CFM-II, and by 29.2% in CFM-III during initial stages of fermentation (i.e. at 8 h). Rate of substrate disappearance ( T 1/2 ) was 14.4, 17.6 and 20.5 h in CFM-I, CFM-II and CFM-III, respectively. Irrespective of the carbohydrate source, presence of TSH tannin improved the efficiency of microbial protein synthesis in vitro. Thus, TSH is a natural source of tannin that can be used to beneficially manipulate rumen fermentation.

  • effect of feeding tamarind tamarindus indica Seed Husk as a source of tannin on dry matter intake digestibility of nutrients and production performance of crossbred dairy cows in mid lactation
    Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2000
    Co-Authors: R Bhatta, U Krishnamoorthy, F Mohammed
    Abstract:

    Abstract The effect of feeding tamarind ( Tamarindus indica) Seed Husk (TSH) as a source of tannin on dry matter intake (DMI), digestibility, N balance, milk yield and milk composition was studied in crossbred dairy cows in mid-lactation. The study included lactation and metabolism trials. The lactation trial was conducted using nine multiparous cows in mid-lactation in a switchback design. The cows were divided into three groups of three each. The animals of Group I (GP-1) received a compounded feed mixture (CFM) without tamarind Seed Husk (control group), Group II (GP-II) CFM with 2.5% TSH and Group III (GP-III) CFM with 7.5% TSH. The duration of the trial was 18 weeks, each period lasting for six weeks. The diet consisted of finger millet straw (FMS) and CFM. The difference among the groups in DMI, milk yield, milk fat, solid not fat (SNF) and lactose was not significant ( p  > 0.05). The DOMD of the diets was similar. There was significant difference in body weight gain ( p p p p p

V. Nirmala - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Bengal gram Seed Husk as an adsorbent for the removal of dyes from aqueous solutions – Column studies
    Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 2019
    Co-Authors: M.c. Somasekhara Reddy, V. Nirmala
    Abstract:

    AbstractA continuous fixed bed (column) study was carried out by using Seed Husk of Bengal gram (Cicer arietinum) (SHBG) as a biosorbent for the removal of direct dye, Congo red (CR) from aqueous solutions. The effects of important factors, such as the value of initial pH, the flow rate, the influent concentration of CR, bed depth, particle size of SHBG, foreign ions and regeneration of CR were studied. The effect of similar type of direct dyes like direct turquoise blue 86 (DTB) and direct black 38 (DB) on the adsorption of CR in column containing SHBG is also studied by keeping other parameters constant. The studies confirmed that the breakthrough curves were dependent on flow rate, initial dye concentration, size of SHBG, initial pH of solution of CR and bed depth. The bed depth service time analysis (BDST) model was applied at different bed depths to predict the breakthrough curves. The model is found suitable for describing the biosorption process of the dynamic behaviour of the SHBG column and the data were in good agreement with BDST model. When the flow rate was 0.67mL/min and the influent concentration of CR was mgL−1, the column capacity was 6.572mgg−1. The removal capacity of SHBG was more in case of CR (6.572mgg−1) compared to other similar direct dyes of DTB (1.984mgg−1) and DB (1.612mgg−1). The removal of CR was enhanced in the presence of foreign ion potassium (8.308mgg−1) and decreased in the presence of calcium (5.58mgg−1). 120ml of acetone is required for the completion of regeneration of the column and the total amount of CR recovered in this case. All the results suggested SHBG as a potential adsorbent for removal of CR from aqueous solution so that the rate of bio-sorption process is rapid

  • bengal gram Seed Husk as an adsorbent for the removal of dyes from aqueous solutions equilibrium studies
    Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 2017
    Co-Authors: M Somasekhara C Reddy, V. Nirmala
    Abstract:

    Abstract A continuous fixed bed (column) study was carried out by using Seed Husk of Bengal gram (Cicer arietinum) (SHBG) as a biosorbent for the removal of direct dye, Congo red (CR) from aqueous solutions. The effects of important factors, such as the value of initial pH, the flow rate, the influent concentration of CR, bed depth, particle size of SHBG, foreign ions and regeneration of CR were studied. The effect of similar type of direct dyes like direct turquoise blue 86 (DTB) and direct black 38 (DB) on the adsorption of CR in column containing SHBG is also studied by keeping other parameters constant. The studies confirmed that the breakthrough curves were dependent on flow rate, initial dye concentration, size of SHBG, initial pH of solution of CR and bed depth. The bed depth service time analysis (BDST) model was applied at different bed depths to predict the breakthrough curves. The model is found suitable for describing the biosorption process of the dynamic behaviour of the SHBG column and the data were in good agreement with BDST model. When the flow rate was 0.67 mL/min and the influent concentration of CR was mg L−1, the column capacity was 6.572 mg g−1. The removal capacity of SHBG was more in case of CR (6.572 mg g−1) compared to other similar direct dyes of DTB (1.984 mg g−1) and DB (1.612 mg g−1). The removal of CR was enhanced in the presence of foreign ion potassium (8.308 mg g−1) and decreased in the presence of calcium (5.58 mg g−1). 120 ml of acetone is required for the completion of regeneration of the column and the total amount of CR recovered in this case. All the results suggested SHBG as a potential adsorbent for removal of CR from aqueous solution so that the rate of bio-sorption process is rapid.

  • Bengal Gram Seed Husk as an adsorbent for the removal of dye from aqueous solutions – Batch studies
    Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 2017
    Co-Authors: M.c. Somasekhara Reddy, V. Nirmala, C. Ashwini
    Abstract:

    AbstractThe feasibility of using Indian Seed Husk of Bengal Gram (Scientific Name: Cicer arietinum) (SHBG), abundantly available in and around the Kurnool in Andhra Pradesh, for the anionic dye (Congo red, CR) adsorption from aqueous solution, has been investigated as a low cost and an eco-friendly adsorbent. Adsorption studies were conducted on a batch process, to study the effects of contact time, initial concentration of CR, de-sorption and pH. Maximum colour removal was observed at lower pH. The dye attained equilibrium approximately at 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5h for dye concentrations 25, 50, 75 and 100mg/l respectively. The present dye removal decreased from 89% to 74% as the dye concentration has been increased from 25mg/l to 100mg/l. A maximum removal of 92% is obtained at lower pH. Adsorption decreases with increase in pH. Maximum de-sorption of 26.4% is achieved in water medium at pH 11.95. The equilibrium data were analyzed by the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The data fitted well with the Langmuir model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 41.66mgg−1. The pseudo-second-order kinetics was the best for the adsorption of CR, by SHBG with good correlation. The results suggest that SHBG is a potential low-cost adsorbent for the CR dye removal from synthetic dye wastewater

  • Bengal gram Seed Husk as an adsorbent for the removal of dyes from aqueous solutions – Equilibrium studies
    Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 2013
    Co-Authors: M.c. Somasekhara Reddy, V. Nirmala
    Abstract:

    Abstract A continuous fixed bed (column) study was carried out by using Seed Husk of Bengal gram (Cicer arietinum) (SHBG) as a biosorbent for the removal of direct dye, Congo red (CR) from aqueous solutions. The effects of important factors, such as the value of initial pH, the flow rate, the influent concentration of CR, bed depth, particle size of SHBG, foreign ions and regeneration of CR were studied. The effect of similar type of direct dyes like direct turquoise blue 86 (DTB) and direct black 38 (DB) on the adsorption of CR in column containing SHBG is also studied by keeping other parameters constant. The studies confirmed that the breakthrough curves were dependent on flow rate, initial dye concentration, size of SHBG, initial pH of solution of CR and bed depth. The bed depth service time analysis (BDST) model was applied at different bed depths to predict the breakthrough curves. The model is found suitable for describing the biosorption process of the dynamic behaviour of the SHBG column and the data were in good agreement with BDST model. When the flow rate was 0.67 mL/min and the influent concentration of CR was mg L−1, the column capacity was 6.572 mg g−1. The removal capacity of SHBG was more in case of CR (6.572 mg g−1) compared to other similar direct dyes of DTB (1.984 mg g−1) and DB (1.612 mg g−1). The removal of CR was enhanced in the presence of foreign ion potassium (8.308 mg g−1) and decreased in the presence of calcium (5.58 mg g−1). 120 ml of acetone is required for the completion of regeneration of the column and the total amount of CR recovered in this case. All the results suggested SHBG as a potential adsorbent for removal of CR from aqueous solution so that the rate of bio-sorption process is rapid.

Timothy J Foste - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • cellulose fibrillation and interaction with psyllium Seed Husk heteroxylan
    Food Hydrocolloids, 2020
    Co-Authors: Uce R Linte, Timothy J Foste
    Abstract:

    Abstract Fibrillated cellulose (FC) and its mixture with psyllium Seed Husk powder (PSY) were investigated to broaden the applications of these two materials by a novel combination. Purified cellulose was processed by a colloid mill and relatively stable suspensions were obtained. An FC suspension shows localised concentrations appearing as flocculates, which can be promoted by heating or centrifugation. The structures of unheated mixtures of FC and PSY appear to be binary phase dispersions while, after heat treatment, FC fibres were incorporated into PSY gels and form composites. Fibrillation on the FC surface does not influence the structure and rheological property of the composite mixtures while fibre disintegration contributes to a denser structure and higher moduli. Fluorescent images show the attachment of PSY heteroxylan aggregates on cellulose and fibrillated cellulose fibres. The interaction is weak and time-dependent because G’ during cooling was higher than that during heating, and declined back to the same value as the start of heating during an isothermal test at 20 °C. PSY was fractionated according to temperature and only F60 (fraction at 60 °C) clearly associates with the unfibrillated cellulose fibres, possibly via long arabinan sidechains (similar to hairy pectin) or/and backbone (via interaction with helical domains or/and conformational compatibility). The interaction was promoted by fibrillation, potentially trapping PSY heteroxylan aggregates within the cellulose dispersion. With further fibrillation, smaller FC fibres were generated and form interpenetrating particles with whole PSY or PSY fractions. Highly fibrillated cellulose has a higher surface area and smaller fibrils, which significantly increased the interaction resulting in a clumped structure.

  • temperature fractionation physicochemical and rheological analysis of psyllium Seed Husk heteroxylan
    Food Hydrocolloids, 2020
    Co-Authors: Gleb E Yakubov, Uce R Linte, William Macnaughta, Timothy J Foste
    Abstract:

    Psyllium Husk is a source of natural dietary fibre with marked water absorbability and gelling properties, which makes it an attractive functional ingredient for applications in the food industry, such as gluten free bread and breakfast cereals. The main functional component of psyllium Husk is a complex branched heteroxylan. In this study, a straightforward sequential fractionation of hydrated psyllium Seed Husk powder based on temperature-dependent behaviours was applied. The F20 (20 °C fraction) showed the highest yield followed by F60 while 13.5% of the Husk is unextractable (residue). The obtained fractions showed unique rheological properties as analysed using small amplitude oscillatory shear rheometry and the time-temperature superposition (TTS) technique. The results indicate that: 1) only F20 was influenced by heat treatment, 2) high temperature fractions showed stronger gel properties, 3) a three-step softening/melting was observed, 4) F60 has longest relaxation time as shown in TTS master curves. The four fractions were also characterised using the monosaccharide analysis, FTIR and C NMR. The arabinose/xylose ratio was found to increase with the increase in fractionation temperature. FTIR and C NMR spectra supported that low temperature fraction is less branched. Two hypotheses were therefore proposed: The first one based on models by Haque, Richardson, Morris, and Dea (1993) and Yu et al. (2019) focusing on chemical and structural properties of the molecules. The second hypothesis highlights differences in hierarchical molecular conformations of polysaccharides which is proposed by Diener et al. (2019). Sidechain substitution and composition and length of sidechains are critical and significantly influence the properties of each fraction.

U Krishnamoorthy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • effect of tamarind tamarindus indica Seed Husk tannins on in vitro rumen fermentation
    Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2001
    Co-Authors: R Bhatta, U Krishnamoorthy, F Mohammed
    Abstract:

    Abstract This study was conducted to determine the effect of tamarind Seed Husk (TSH) as a source of tannin on various parameters of rumen fermentation in vitro. The TSH contained 14% tannin (DM basis). The biological interference of TSH tannin on rumen fermentation was assessed using polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 as an indicator. Three compound feed mixtures (CFM) were prepared either without TSH (CFM-I), with 2.5% TSH (CFM-II) and with 7.5% TSH (CFM-III). Parameters studied were in vitro gas production with PEG, rate of substrate degradation, and microbial protein synthesis. Addition of PEG to TSH resulted in an increase in gas production from 5.5 to 16.5 ml per 200 mg DM. Presence of TSH tannin depressed cumulative gas production by 16.8% in CFM-II, and by 29.2% in CFM-III during initial stages of fermentation (i.e. at 8 h). Rate of substrate disappearance ( T 1/2 ) was 14.4, 17.6 and 20.5 h in CFM-I, CFM-II and CFM-III, respectively. Irrespective of the carbohydrate source, presence of TSH tannin improved the efficiency of microbial protein synthesis in vitro. Thus, TSH is a natural source of tannin that can be used to beneficially manipulate rumen fermentation.

  • effect of feeding tamarind tamarindus indica Seed Husk as a source of tannin on dry matter intake digestibility of nutrients and production performance of crossbred dairy cows in mid lactation
    Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2000
    Co-Authors: R Bhatta, U Krishnamoorthy, F Mohammed
    Abstract:

    Abstract The effect of feeding tamarind ( Tamarindus indica) Seed Husk (TSH) as a source of tannin on dry matter intake (DMI), digestibility, N balance, milk yield and milk composition was studied in crossbred dairy cows in mid-lactation. The study included lactation and metabolism trials. The lactation trial was conducted using nine multiparous cows in mid-lactation in a switchback design. The cows were divided into three groups of three each. The animals of Group I (GP-1) received a compounded feed mixture (CFM) without tamarind Seed Husk (control group), Group II (GP-II) CFM with 2.5% TSH and Group III (GP-III) CFM with 7.5% TSH. The duration of the trial was 18 weeks, each period lasting for six weeks. The diet consisted of finger millet straw (FMS) and CFM. The difference among the groups in DMI, milk yield, milk fat, solid not fat (SNF) and lactose was not significant ( p  > 0.05). The DOMD of the diets was similar. There was significant difference in body weight gain ( p p p p p

  • Effect of Natural Sources of Tannin on Rumen Fermentation In Vitro
    Indian journal of animal nutrition, 1999
    Co-Authors: Raghavendra Bhatta, Farooq Mohammed, U Krishnamoorthy
    Abstract:

    The tannin content in tamarind Seed Husk (TSH), gram Husk (GH) and salSeed meal (SSM) were 14.8fi, 9.64 and 5.77 percent, respectively. The biological interference of tannin on rumen fermentation was tested using polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) as a tannin binder. Cumulative gas production in rumen in vitro (24-h incubation) was taken as an index of tannin inuctivation. The improvement in gas production in TSH, GH and SSM were 11.0, 20.0 and 6.5 ml per 200 mg DM, respectively. TSH tannin showed significant (P