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Shmuel Marco - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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interpreting soft sediment deformation and mass transport deposits as Seismites in the dead sea depocenter
Journal of Geophysical Research, 2017Co-Authors: Nicholas Waldmann, Ian G Alsop, Yin Lu, Shmuel MarcoAbstract:We have studied the history of earthquakes over the past 70 kyr by analyzing disturbed sedimentary layers around the margins of the Dead Sea. However, we know little about disturbances in the basin depocenter, where water depth is ~300 m, and accessible only by drilling. In this study, we compare disturbances from the Dead Sea depocenter, with the contemporaneous earthquake record (~56–30 ka) that was recovered on the western margin of the lake. This comparison allows us to discern the characteristics of disturbance in the different subaqueous environments and identify the source and sedimentary process of mass transport deposits. Our observations indicate that (i) the long disturbance sequences in the Dead Sea depocenter are composed of in situ deformation, slump, and chaotic deposits; (ii) earthquake-triggered Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability is a plausible mechanism for the in situ deformation in the lake center; (iii) the slump is slope area sourced; (iv) the unit of chaotic deposits is lakeshore sourced; and (v) earthquake-triggered slope instability is a viable mechanism for the slump and chaotic deposits. We further suggest that long sequences of disturbance in seismically active lake depocenters can be used to infer earthquake clusters.
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impact of earthquakes on agriculture during the roman byzantine period from pollen records of the dead sea laminated sediment
Quaternary Research, 2010Co-Authors: Suzanne A G Leroy, Shmuel Marco, Revital Bookman, Charlotte MillerAbstract:The Dead Sea region holds the archives of a complex relationship between an ever-changing nature and ancient civilisations. Regional pollen diagrams show a Roman–Byzantine period standing out in the recent millennia by its wetter climate that allowed intensive arboriculture. During that period, the Dead Sea formed laminites that display mostly a seasonal character. A multidisciplinary study focused on two earthquakes, 31 BC and AD 363, recorded as Seismites in the Ze’elim gully A unit III which has been well dated by radiocarbon in a previous study. The sampling of the sediment was done at an annual resolution starting from a few years before and finishing a decade after each earthquake. A clear drop in agricultural indicators (especially Olea and cereals) is shown. These pollen indicators mostly reflect human activities in the Judean Hills and coastal oases. Agriculture was disturbed in large part of the rift valley where earthquake damage affected irrigation and access to the fields. It took 4 to 5 yr to resume agriculture to previous conditions. Earthquakes must be seen as contributors to factors damaging societies. If combined with other factors such as climatic aridification, disease epidemics and political upheaval, they may lead to civilisation collapse.
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high resolution geological record of historic earthquakes in the dead sea basin
Journal of Geophysical Research, 2001Co-Authors: Revital Kentor, Amotz Agnon, Shmuel Marco, Yehouda Enzel, Mordechai Stein, J. F. W. NegendankAbstract:A 2000 year paleoseismic record of the Dead Sea area was recovered from a lacustrine sedimentary section. The section is being exposed at the Ze'elim Terrace on the shores of the Dead Sea due to the fast retreat of the lake. The section consists of laminated detrital and chemical (mainly aragonite) sediments that were deposited in the Holocene paleo-Dead Sea. Eight layers in the section show deformed sedimentary structures and are identified as Seismites. Their chronology was determined by radiocarbon dating on organic remains. The Seismite ages are well correlated with the historically documented earthquakes of 64 and 31 B.C. and 33, 363, 1212, 1293, 1834 and 1927 A.D. The few historically documented earthquakes that have no correlatives in the Ze'elim Seismite record occurred in times of sedimentary hiatuses at this site (e.g., 749 A.D.). Based on modern analogues and the association of similar disturbed layers with syndepositional faults, the Ze'elim Terrace Seismites indicate M>5.5 earthquakes. The average recurrence interval is estimated as ∼100–300 years and represents slip events on different faults in the Dead Sea area. The Ze'elim section provides a unique opportunity to correlate two independent and extensive data sets, the historical and sedimentary records. This study opens the way for better understanding of spatial and temporal distribution of earthquakes along the Dead Sea Transform and elsewhere.
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high resolution geological record of historic earthquakes in the dead sea basin
Journal of Geophysical Research, 2001Co-Authors: Revital Kentor, Amotz Agnon, Shmuel Marco, Yehouda Enzel, Mordechai Stein, J. F. W. NegendankAbstract:A 2000 year paleoseismic record of the Dead Sea area was recovered from a lacustrine sedimentary section. The section is being exposed at the Ze'elim Terrace on the shores of the Dead Sea due to the fast retreat of the lake. The section consists of laminated detrital and chemical (mainly aragonite) sediments that were deposited in the Holocene paleo-Dead Sea. Eight layers in the section show deformed sedimentary structures and are identified as Seismites. Their chronology was determined by radiocarbon dating on organic remains. The Seismite ages are well correlated with the historically documented earthquakes of 64 and 31 B.C. and 33, 363, 1212, 1293, 1834 and 1927 A.D. The few historically documented earthquakes that have no correlatives in the Ze'elim Seismite record occurred in times of sedimentary hiatuses at this site (e.g., 749 A.D.). Based on modern analogues and the association of similar disturbed layers with syndepositional faults, the Ze'elim Terrace Seismites indicate M>5.5 earthquakes. The average recurrence interval is estimated as ∼100–300 years and represents slip events on different faults in the Dead Sea area. The Ze'elim section provides a unique opportunity to correlate two independent and extensive data sets, the historical and sedimentary records. This study opens the way for better understanding of spatial and temporal distribution of earthquakes along the Dead Sea Transform and elsewhere.
J. F. W. Negendank - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Precision of calibrated radiocarbon ages of historic earthquakes in the Dead Sea basin. Radiocarbon. This issue
2015Co-Authors: Revital Ken-tor, J. F. W. NegendankAbstract:ABSTRACT. The precise determination of the age of historical and geological events by radiocarbon dating is often ham-pered by the long intersection ranges of the measured data with the calibration curve. In this study we examine the possibility of narrowing the calibrated range of the 14C ages of earthquake-disturbed sediments (Seismites) from the Late Holocene lacus-trine section in the Dead Sea Basin. The calibrated ranges of samples collected from Seismites were refined by applying strati-graphic constraints and tuning the calibrated ranges to known historical earthquakes. Most of the earthquakes fall well within the 1 s error envelope of the 14C age. This refinement demonstrates that the lag period due to transport and deposition of veg-etation debris is very short in this arid environment, probably not more than a few decades. This assessment of Seismite 14C ages attests to the validity of 14C ages in Holocene sediments of the arid area of the Dead Sea. Furthermore, it demonstrates our ability to achieve highly precise (correct to within several decades) 14C ages
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recurrence pattern of holocene earthquakes along the dead sea transform revealed by varve counting and radiocarbon dating of lacustrine sediments
Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2004Co-Authors: Claudia Migowski, Amotz Agnon, J. F. W. Negendank, Revital Bookman, Mordechai SteinAbstract:Abstract A high-resolution Holocene seismic history of the Dead Sea Transform (DST) is established from laminated sedimentary cores recovered at the shores of the Dead Sea. Radiocarbon dating and annual laminae counting yield excellent agreement between disturbed sedimentary structures (identified as Seismites) and the historical earthquake record: All recent and historical strong events of the area were identified, including the major earthquakes of A.D. 1927, 1837, 1212, 1033, 749, and 31 B.C. The total of 53 Seismites recognized along the entire Holocene profile indicate varying recurrence intervals of seismic activity between a few and 1000 years, with a conspicuous minimum rate at 2100–31 B.C. and a noticeable maximum during the past six to eight centuries. Most of the epicenters of the correlated earthquakes are situated very close to the Dead Sea (within 150 km) or up to 400 km north of it along the DST. Between 1000 B.C. and A.D. 1063, and from A.D. 1600 to recent time the epicenters are all located on the northern segment of the DST, whereas prior to 1000 B.C. and between A.D. 1000 and 1600 they appear to scatter along several segments of the DST. We establish how the local intensity exerts a control on the formation of Seismites. At historically estimated intensities greater than VII, all well documented earthquakes are correlated, whereas at intensities smaller than VI none are matching. The periods with enhanced earthquake rate along the DST correlate with those along the North Anatolian Fault as opposed to the intervening East Anatolian Fault. This may indicate some elastic coupling on plate-boundary scale that may also underlie escape and extrusion tectonics, typical of continental collision.
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high resolution geological record of historic earthquakes in the dead sea basin
Journal of Geophysical Research, 2001Co-Authors: Revital Kentor, Amotz Agnon, Shmuel Marco, Yehouda Enzel, Mordechai Stein, J. F. W. NegendankAbstract:A 2000 year paleoseismic record of the Dead Sea area was recovered from a lacustrine sedimentary section. The section is being exposed at the Ze'elim Terrace on the shores of the Dead Sea due to the fast retreat of the lake. The section consists of laminated detrital and chemical (mainly aragonite) sediments that were deposited in the Holocene paleo-Dead Sea. Eight layers in the section show deformed sedimentary structures and are identified as Seismites. Their chronology was determined by radiocarbon dating on organic remains. The Seismite ages are well correlated with the historically documented earthquakes of 64 and 31 B.C. and 33, 363, 1212, 1293, 1834 and 1927 A.D. The few historically documented earthquakes that have no correlatives in the Ze'elim Seismite record occurred in times of sedimentary hiatuses at this site (e.g., 749 A.D.). Based on modern analogues and the association of similar disturbed layers with syndepositional faults, the Ze'elim Terrace Seismites indicate M>5.5 earthquakes. The average recurrence interval is estimated as ∼100–300 years and represents slip events on different faults in the Dead Sea area. The Ze'elim section provides a unique opportunity to correlate two independent and extensive data sets, the historical and sedimentary records. This study opens the way for better understanding of spatial and temporal distribution of earthquakes along the Dead Sea Transform and elsewhere.
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high resolution geological record of historic earthquakes in the dead sea basin
Journal of Geophysical Research, 2001Co-Authors: Revital Kentor, Amotz Agnon, Shmuel Marco, Yehouda Enzel, Mordechai Stein, J. F. W. NegendankAbstract:A 2000 year paleoseismic record of the Dead Sea area was recovered from a lacustrine sedimentary section. The section is being exposed at the Ze'elim Terrace on the shores of the Dead Sea due to the fast retreat of the lake. The section consists of laminated detrital and chemical (mainly aragonite) sediments that were deposited in the Holocene paleo-Dead Sea. Eight layers in the section show deformed sedimentary structures and are identified as Seismites. Their chronology was determined by radiocarbon dating on organic remains. The Seismite ages are well correlated with the historically documented earthquakes of 64 and 31 B.C. and 33, 363, 1212, 1293, 1834 and 1927 A.D. The few historically documented earthquakes that have no correlatives in the Ze'elim Seismite record occurred in times of sedimentary hiatuses at this site (e.g., 749 A.D.). Based on modern analogues and the association of similar disturbed layers with syndepositional faults, the Ze'elim Terrace Seismites indicate M>5.5 earthquakes. The average recurrence interval is estimated as ∼100–300 years and represents slip events on different faults in the Dead Sea area. The Ze'elim section provides a unique opportunity to correlate two independent and extensive data sets, the historical and sedimentary records. This study opens the way for better understanding of spatial and temporal distribution of earthquakes along the Dead Sea Transform and elsewhere.
Tara S Ivanochko - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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high resolution dinoflagellate cyst record of environmental change in effingham inlet british columbia canada over the last millennium
Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, 2016Co-Authors: Manuel Bringue, Stephen E Calvert, Randolph J Enkin, Terri Lacourse, Tara S IvanochkoAbstract:Abstract We present a high resolution sedimentary record of dinoflagellate cysts spanning the last ~ 900 years recovered from Effingham Inlet, a glacial fjord on the west coast of Vancouver Island, Canada. The combination of seasonal coastal upwelling supporting high levels of marine primary productivity in surface waters, together with restricted bottom water circulation in the silled fjord, fosters the preservation of laminated sediments in the inner basin of Effingham Inlet. Geochemical data are used to assess the sedimentary facies of the core, which is composed primarily of laminated units (50.2%) occasionally interrupted by “Seismites” (39.5%) and homogenous units (10.2%). The chronology of the ~ 2 m-long core is based on varve counting and fifteen 14C dates, and is anchored by a Seismite previously dated at AD 1946. The dinoflagellate cyst assemblages are diverse (total of 47 taxa), abundant (average concentrations of 102,900 cyst g− 1 of dry sediment), and characterized by a proportionally equal contribution of autotrophic and heterotrophic cyst taxa in most samples. Overall, cyst assemblages are characterized by Operculodinium centrocarpum (36.2%) accompanied by Brigantedinium spp. (18.0%) and Dubridinium spp. (6.6%). Multivariate analyses are used to extract the dominant patterns of variability in autotrophic and heterotrophic dinoflagellate cyst assemblages separately, and help in identifying the temperature and primary productivity gradients encoded in the cyst sedimentary record in this particular estuary. Specific intervals identified in the dinoflagellate cyst record are interpreted to represent the local expression of the “Medieval Climate Anomaly” (from the base of the record, ~ AD 1090 to 1230), the “Little Ice Age” (~ AD 1230 to late 19th century) and warming in the second half of the 20th century. The timing of these intervals are consistent with the regional paleoclimate and help constrain past climatic and oceanographic variability on the west coast of Vancouver Island. The origin of homogenous units in the sedimentary record of Effingham Inlet and paleoseismicity in the region are also discussed.
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a new high resolution radiocarbon bayesian age model of the holocene and late pleistocene from core md02 2494 and others effingham inlet british columbia canada with an application to the paleoseismic event chronology of the cascadia subduction zone
Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2013Co-Authors: Randolph J Enkin, Audrey Dallimore, J Baker, John Southon, Tara S IvanochkoAbstract:Annually laminated sediments from the anoxic inner basin of Effingham Inlet, Pacific coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, yield a high-resolution 42 m paleoenvironmental record, from the present to about 14 ka 14C BP (17 ka cal BP). A new age model, based on 68 radiocarbon dates from twigs and small plant material, from the 40 m core MD02-2494 and 2 m freeze cores from the surface, is anchored by the Mazama Ash and varve counting. A Poisson-process sedimentation model is used, applying a new method to determine the Poisson k value, giving a realistic age model compatible with the multi-proxy core data. Twenty-one “Seismites”, which are lithofacies in the Effingham cores that may be representative of seismically triggered mass-wasting events, are identified and dated precisely, then compared with the chronology of the deep-sea turbidite record farther south in the Cascadia Subduction Zone (CSZ), to determine if regional sediment disturbances can be identified. With 16 proposed correlations,...
Amotz Agnon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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assessment of the effect of earthquake activity on regional vegetation high resolution pollen study of the ein feshka section holocene dead sea
Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009Co-Authors: Frank Neumann, Mordechai Stein, Elisa J Kagan, Amotz AgnonAbstract:Abstract Possible effects of seismic activity in the Dead Sea basin on the regional vegetation distribution are presented in this paper. The palynology was investigated in high resolution at the Holocene outcrop near the Ein Feshkha oasis. Pollen samples were collected from three intervals (A, B, D), with thicknesses of 5–15 cm, containing 1–2 Seismites each, and from one undisturbed layer (interval C). All four intervals are from the same Ein Feshkha outcrop section, but from different depths. In two of the intervals (B, C) the main pollen indicators (e.g. Olea , Pinus , Asteroideae, Cichorioideae) show no significant aberrations from the typical pollen fluctuations. Interval A, deposited during the late Byzantine period, shows a decline of Olea percentages immediately after the sedimentation of a breccia layer (interpreted as a Seismite). While this decrease in olive percentages predominantly reflects an aridification crisis at the end of the Byzantine period, damage to olive orchards due to earthquake (root damages, collapses of the crowns) and/or the abandonment of cultivated land as a consequence of an earthquake cannot be ruled out. Nevertheless, minor anthropogenic indicators like Vitis or Juglans , which show low abundances in the pollen diagram of Ein Feshkha, as well as other trees and herbs, are not affected by the late Byzantine earthquake. Interval D, deposited during the Hellenistic–Roman period, shows a slight decrease of Olea and an increase of Cichorioideae after the deposition of a Seismite. Our hypothesis that earthquakes might have affected vegetation dynamics in intervals A and D is supported by cluster analysis. While the data of this study do not support the use of pollen as a reliable paleoseismic tool in the lacustrine environment of the Dead Sea, some small effects of earthquakes on pollen fluctuations cannot be excluded.
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recurrence pattern of holocene earthquakes along the dead sea transform revealed by varve counting and radiocarbon dating of lacustrine sediments
Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2004Co-Authors: Claudia Migowski, Amotz Agnon, J. F. W. Negendank, Revital Bookman, Mordechai SteinAbstract:Abstract A high-resolution Holocene seismic history of the Dead Sea Transform (DST) is established from laminated sedimentary cores recovered at the shores of the Dead Sea. Radiocarbon dating and annual laminae counting yield excellent agreement between disturbed sedimentary structures (identified as Seismites) and the historical earthquake record: All recent and historical strong events of the area were identified, including the major earthquakes of A.D. 1927, 1837, 1212, 1033, 749, and 31 B.C. The total of 53 Seismites recognized along the entire Holocene profile indicate varying recurrence intervals of seismic activity between a few and 1000 years, with a conspicuous minimum rate at 2100–31 B.C. and a noticeable maximum during the past six to eight centuries. Most of the epicenters of the correlated earthquakes are situated very close to the Dead Sea (within 150 km) or up to 400 km north of it along the DST. Between 1000 B.C. and A.D. 1063, and from A.D. 1600 to recent time the epicenters are all located on the northern segment of the DST, whereas prior to 1000 B.C. and between A.D. 1000 and 1600 they appear to scatter along several segments of the DST. We establish how the local intensity exerts a control on the formation of Seismites. At historically estimated intensities greater than VII, all well documented earthquakes are correlated, whereas at intensities smaller than VI none are matching. The periods with enhanced earthquake rate along the DST correlate with those along the North Anatolian Fault as opposed to the intervening East Anatolian Fault. This may indicate some elastic coupling on plate-boundary scale that may also underlie escape and extrusion tectonics, typical of continental collision.
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high resolution geological record of historic earthquakes in the dead sea basin
Journal of Geophysical Research, 2001Co-Authors: Revital Kentor, Amotz Agnon, Shmuel Marco, Yehouda Enzel, Mordechai Stein, J. F. W. NegendankAbstract:A 2000 year paleoseismic record of the Dead Sea area was recovered from a lacustrine sedimentary section. The section is being exposed at the Ze'elim Terrace on the shores of the Dead Sea due to the fast retreat of the lake. The section consists of laminated detrital and chemical (mainly aragonite) sediments that were deposited in the Holocene paleo-Dead Sea. Eight layers in the section show deformed sedimentary structures and are identified as Seismites. Their chronology was determined by radiocarbon dating on organic remains. The Seismite ages are well correlated with the historically documented earthquakes of 64 and 31 B.C. and 33, 363, 1212, 1293, 1834 and 1927 A.D. The few historically documented earthquakes that have no correlatives in the Ze'elim Seismite record occurred in times of sedimentary hiatuses at this site (e.g., 749 A.D.). Based on modern analogues and the association of similar disturbed layers with syndepositional faults, the Ze'elim Terrace Seismites indicate M>5.5 earthquakes. The average recurrence interval is estimated as ∼100–300 years and represents slip events on different faults in the Dead Sea area. The Ze'elim section provides a unique opportunity to correlate two independent and extensive data sets, the historical and sedimentary records. This study opens the way for better understanding of spatial and temporal distribution of earthquakes along the Dead Sea Transform and elsewhere.
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high resolution geological record of historic earthquakes in the dead sea basin
Journal of Geophysical Research, 2001Co-Authors: Revital Kentor, Amotz Agnon, Shmuel Marco, Yehouda Enzel, Mordechai Stein, J. F. W. NegendankAbstract:A 2000 year paleoseismic record of the Dead Sea area was recovered from a lacustrine sedimentary section. The section is being exposed at the Ze'elim Terrace on the shores of the Dead Sea due to the fast retreat of the lake. The section consists of laminated detrital and chemical (mainly aragonite) sediments that were deposited in the Holocene paleo-Dead Sea. Eight layers in the section show deformed sedimentary structures and are identified as Seismites. Their chronology was determined by radiocarbon dating on organic remains. The Seismite ages are well correlated with the historically documented earthquakes of 64 and 31 B.C. and 33, 363, 1212, 1293, 1834 and 1927 A.D. The few historically documented earthquakes that have no correlatives in the Ze'elim Seismite record occurred in times of sedimentary hiatuses at this site (e.g., 749 A.D.). Based on modern analogues and the association of similar disturbed layers with syndepositional faults, the Ze'elim Terrace Seismites indicate M>5.5 earthquakes. The average recurrence interval is estimated as ∼100–300 years and represents slip events on different faults in the Dead Sea area. The Ze'elim section provides a unique opportunity to correlate two independent and extensive data sets, the historical and sedimentary records. This study opens the way for better understanding of spatial and temporal distribution of earthquakes along the Dead Sea Transform and elsewhere.
Mordechai Stein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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assessment of the effect of earthquake activity on regional vegetation high resolution pollen study of the ein feshka section holocene dead sea
Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009Co-Authors: Frank Neumann, Mordechai Stein, Elisa J Kagan, Amotz AgnonAbstract:Abstract Possible effects of seismic activity in the Dead Sea basin on the regional vegetation distribution are presented in this paper. The palynology was investigated in high resolution at the Holocene outcrop near the Ein Feshkha oasis. Pollen samples were collected from three intervals (A, B, D), with thicknesses of 5–15 cm, containing 1–2 Seismites each, and from one undisturbed layer (interval C). All four intervals are from the same Ein Feshkha outcrop section, but from different depths. In two of the intervals (B, C) the main pollen indicators (e.g. Olea , Pinus , Asteroideae, Cichorioideae) show no significant aberrations from the typical pollen fluctuations. Interval A, deposited during the late Byzantine period, shows a decline of Olea percentages immediately after the sedimentation of a breccia layer (interpreted as a Seismite). While this decrease in olive percentages predominantly reflects an aridification crisis at the end of the Byzantine period, damage to olive orchards due to earthquake (root damages, collapses of the crowns) and/or the abandonment of cultivated land as a consequence of an earthquake cannot be ruled out. Nevertheless, minor anthropogenic indicators like Vitis or Juglans , which show low abundances in the pollen diagram of Ein Feshkha, as well as other trees and herbs, are not affected by the late Byzantine earthquake. Interval D, deposited during the Hellenistic–Roman period, shows a slight decrease of Olea and an increase of Cichorioideae after the deposition of a Seismite. Our hypothesis that earthquakes might have affected vegetation dynamics in intervals A and D is supported by cluster analysis. While the data of this study do not support the use of pollen as a reliable paleoseismic tool in the lacustrine environment of the Dead Sea, some small effects of earthquakes on pollen fluctuations cannot be excluded.
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recurrence pattern of holocene earthquakes along the dead sea transform revealed by varve counting and radiocarbon dating of lacustrine sediments
Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2004Co-Authors: Claudia Migowski, Amotz Agnon, J. F. W. Negendank, Revital Bookman, Mordechai SteinAbstract:Abstract A high-resolution Holocene seismic history of the Dead Sea Transform (DST) is established from laminated sedimentary cores recovered at the shores of the Dead Sea. Radiocarbon dating and annual laminae counting yield excellent agreement between disturbed sedimentary structures (identified as Seismites) and the historical earthquake record: All recent and historical strong events of the area were identified, including the major earthquakes of A.D. 1927, 1837, 1212, 1033, 749, and 31 B.C. The total of 53 Seismites recognized along the entire Holocene profile indicate varying recurrence intervals of seismic activity between a few and 1000 years, with a conspicuous minimum rate at 2100–31 B.C. and a noticeable maximum during the past six to eight centuries. Most of the epicenters of the correlated earthquakes are situated very close to the Dead Sea (within 150 km) or up to 400 km north of it along the DST. Between 1000 B.C. and A.D. 1063, and from A.D. 1600 to recent time the epicenters are all located on the northern segment of the DST, whereas prior to 1000 B.C. and between A.D. 1000 and 1600 they appear to scatter along several segments of the DST. We establish how the local intensity exerts a control on the formation of Seismites. At historically estimated intensities greater than VII, all well documented earthquakes are correlated, whereas at intensities smaller than VI none are matching. The periods with enhanced earthquake rate along the DST correlate with those along the North Anatolian Fault as opposed to the intervening East Anatolian Fault. This may indicate some elastic coupling on plate-boundary scale that may also underlie escape and extrusion tectonics, typical of continental collision.
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high resolution geological record of historic earthquakes in the dead sea basin
Journal of Geophysical Research, 2001Co-Authors: Revital Kentor, Amotz Agnon, Shmuel Marco, Yehouda Enzel, Mordechai Stein, J. F. W. NegendankAbstract:A 2000 year paleoseismic record of the Dead Sea area was recovered from a lacustrine sedimentary section. The section is being exposed at the Ze'elim Terrace on the shores of the Dead Sea due to the fast retreat of the lake. The section consists of laminated detrital and chemical (mainly aragonite) sediments that were deposited in the Holocene paleo-Dead Sea. Eight layers in the section show deformed sedimentary structures and are identified as Seismites. Their chronology was determined by radiocarbon dating on organic remains. The Seismite ages are well correlated with the historically documented earthquakes of 64 and 31 B.C. and 33, 363, 1212, 1293, 1834 and 1927 A.D. The few historically documented earthquakes that have no correlatives in the Ze'elim Seismite record occurred in times of sedimentary hiatuses at this site (e.g., 749 A.D.). Based on modern analogues and the association of similar disturbed layers with syndepositional faults, the Ze'elim Terrace Seismites indicate M>5.5 earthquakes. The average recurrence interval is estimated as ∼100–300 years and represents slip events on different faults in the Dead Sea area. The Ze'elim section provides a unique opportunity to correlate two independent and extensive data sets, the historical and sedimentary records. This study opens the way for better understanding of spatial and temporal distribution of earthquakes along the Dead Sea Transform and elsewhere.
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high resolution geological record of historic earthquakes in the dead sea basin
Journal of Geophysical Research, 2001Co-Authors: Revital Kentor, Amotz Agnon, Shmuel Marco, Yehouda Enzel, Mordechai Stein, J. F. W. NegendankAbstract:A 2000 year paleoseismic record of the Dead Sea area was recovered from a lacustrine sedimentary section. The section is being exposed at the Ze'elim Terrace on the shores of the Dead Sea due to the fast retreat of the lake. The section consists of laminated detrital and chemical (mainly aragonite) sediments that were deposited in the Holocene paleo-Dead Sea. Eight layers in the section show deformed sedimentary structures and are identified as Seismites. Their chronology was determined by radiocarbon dating on organic remains. The Seismite ages are well correlated with the historically documented earthquakes of 64 and 31 B.C. and 33, 363, 1212, 1293, 1834 and 1927 A.D. The few historically documented earthquakes that have no correlatives in the Ze'elim Seismite record occurred in times of sedimentary hiatuses at this site (e.g., 749 A.D.). Based on modern analogues and the association of similar disturbed layers with syndepositional faults, the Ze'elim Terrace Seismites indicate M>5.5 earthquakes. The average recurrence interval is estimated as ∼100–300 years and represents slip events on different faults in the Dead Sea area. The Ze'elim section provides a unique opportunity to correlate two independent and extensive data sets, the historical and sedimentary records. This study opens the way for better understanding of spatial and temporal distribution of earthquakes along the Dead Sea Transform and elsewhere.