The Experts below are selected from a list of 3048 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Nancy Qian - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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more missing women fewer dying girls the impact of sex Selective Abortion on sex at birth and relative female mortality in taiwan
Journal of the European Economic Association, 2014Co-Authors: Ming-jen Lin, Jin-tan Liu, Nancy QianAbstract:This study finds that the introduction of sex-Selective Abortion in Taiwan due to the legalization of Abortion when prenatal sex-detection technology was already available increased the fraction of males born at higher parities and changed the composition of mothers choosing to give birth. Controlling for compositional changes, we find that access to sex-Selective Abortion reduced relative neonatal female mortality rates for higher-parity births. (JEL: J13, J16)
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MORE MISSING WOMEN, FEWER DYING GIRLS: THE IMPACT OF SEX‐Selective Abortion ON SEX AT BIRTH AND RELATIVE FEMALE MORTALITY IN TAIWAN
Journal of the European Economic Association, 2014Co-Authors: Ming-jen Lin, Jin-tan Liu, Nancy QianAbstract:This study finds that the introduction of sex-Selective Abortion in Taiwan due to the legalization of Abortion when prenatal sex-detection technology was already available increased the fraction of males born at higher parities and changed the composition of mothers choosing to give birth. Controlling for compositional changes, we find that access to sex-Selective Abortion reduced relative neonatal female mortality rates for higher-parity births. (JEL: J13, J16)
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Missing Women More and More: Sex-Selective Abortion Increases Boys Born but Decreases Girls Dying in Taiwan
2007Co-Authors: Ming-jen Lin, Jin-tan Liu, Nancy QianAbstract:The determinants of the observed sex imbalance in Asian and Muslim countries has been an intensely debated topic recently. One hypothesis that all sides agree on is that increased access to sex-Selective Abortion significantly increased the number of missing women. However, there is little empirical evidence for this due to the lack of good data and the possibility that the adoption of sex-Selective Abortion technology is more likely to occur in areas with stronger boy preferences. This paper uses the universe of birth and death registry micro data from Taiwan and exploits plausibly exogenous variation in the availability of sex-Selective Abortion caused by the legalization of Abortions to identify the causal effect of sex-Selective Abortion on the observed sex imbalance. We find that sex-Selective Abortion, introduced in 1985/86, increased the fraction by males born from 51.5 percentagepoints to 53.5 percentage-points by 1989, accounting for nearly 100% of the observed increase. The effect is driven by sex selection for third and higher parities births and for older mothers. For these high parity births, we find that sex-Selective Abortion increased survival rate for girls relative to boys. Our results suggest that up to 10% of parents sex-Selectively aborting were parents who were selecting absent the technology and substituted to pre-natal selection.
Sital Kalantry - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Harmful Anti-Sex-Selective Abortion Laws Are Sweeping U.S. State Legislatures: Why do Some Pro-choice People Support Them?
2018Co-Authors: Sital KalantryAbstract:Anti-sex Selective Abortion laws punish medical professionals for performing Abortions if they know that the patient’s motive for the Abortion relates to the predicted biological sex of the fetus. Since 2009, nearly half of all state legislatures have considered bills to prohibit sex-Selective Abortion. The majority of the U.S. House of Representatives voted in favor of a similar ban in 2012. That same year, anti-sex-Selective legislation was the second most proposed anti-Abortion prohibition in the United States. Today ten states have enacted the bans, though they are (partially) unenforceable in three states.The laws stigmatize and stereotype Asian Americans, restrict women’s access to non-Selective Abortion, and are likely unconstitutional. Yet, elected officials who are pro-choice have voted in favor of the bans. Liberal media sources wrongly report that Asian Americans are aborting female fetuses at rates similar to people in India and China. Pro-choice people appear to be torn about how to react to these particular Abortion restrictions.
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Sex-Selective Abortion Bans: Anti-immigrant or Anti-Abortion?
2017Co-Authors: Sital KalantryAbstract:In the last five years, over half of the state legislatures in the United States have considered banning sex-Selective Abortion because of the (false) belief that Asian Americans are disproportionately giving birth to more boys than are European Americans. Supported by the data that applies to a very small subset of Asian Americans, proponents of the law stereotype Asian Americans by assuming that their birthing patterns are the same as those of people in India and China.Because of the undue focus on Asian immigrants in the discussions of sex selection bans, the real conversation that should occur in the American democratic system is short-circuited. States legislators and voters fail to discuss whether or not sex selection is a gateway to eugenics concerns, whether or not sex selection perpetuates gender stereotypes, and whether or not sex selection should be used for family balancing. Any bans on sex-Selective Abortion should take these issues into account and should not be based on misinformed views about the practices of Asian immigrants in the United States.Published: Sital Kalantry, "Sex-Selective Abortion Bans: Anti-Immigration or Anti-Abortion?", 16 Georgetown Journal of International Affairs (2015)
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Sex-Selective Abortion Bans are Not Associated with Changes in Sex Ratios at Birth in Illinois and Pennsylvania
2017Co-Authors: Sital KalantryAbstract:Legal prohibitions on sex-Selective Abortions are proliferating in the United States. Eight state legislatures have banned Abortions sought on the basis of the sex of the fetus, 21 states have considered such laws since 2009, and a similar bill is pending in U.S. Congress. These laws have been introduced and enacted without any empirical data about their impact or effectiveness. Prior studies of U.S. Census data found sex ratios among foreign-born Chinese, Korean and Indian immigrants were skewed in favor of boys, but only in families where there were already one or two girls. Using the variation in the timing of bans in Illinois and Pennsylvania as natural experiments, we compare the pre-ban and post-ban sex ratios of certain Asian newborn children in these states over 12-year periods. We then compare these ratios with the sex ratios of Asian newborn children in neighboring states during the same period. We find that the bans in Illinois and Pennsylvania are not associated with any changes in sex ratios at birth among Asians. In Illinois and its neighboring states, the sex ratio at birth of Asian children was not male-biased during our study period. On the other hand, the sex ratio at birth among Asians in Pennsylvania and its neighboring states was skewed slightly in favor of boys, but the enactment of the ban did not normalize the sex ratio. This strongly suggests that sex-Selective Abortion bans have had no impact on the practice of sex selection, to the extent that it occurs, in these states. This finding is highly relevant to legislative and policy debates in the U.S. Congress and state legislatures where sex-Selective Abortion laws are being considered.Published: Sex-Selective Abortion Bans are Not Associated with Changes in Sex Ratios at Birth in Illinois and Pennsylvania (with Arindam Nandi and Brian Citro), Forum on Health and Economic Policy, December 2014 (peer-reviewed journal).
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Sex-Selective Abortion Bans: Anti-Immigration or Anti-Abortion?
2015Co-Authors: Sital KalantryAbstract:A new wave of legislation is sweeping state legislatures across the United States: laws prohibiting health professionals from providing an Abortion if they believe a woman is seeking one because she does not want to have a child of a certain sex. Eight states have enacted such laws, and nearly half of all state legislatures in the country have considered them since 2009 and a bill is currently pending in the U.S. Congress. The preamble of these bills claim that these bans are needed to curb the tendency among Asian-American women to abort female fetuses consistent with practices in China and India. The Asian American population is the fastest growing racial group in the United States today. It is natural to question whether these bans are being adopted in response to the growing Asian population in the United States or because of anti-Abortion sentiments. To test the hypothesis, I determined whether there is an association between whether a state considers and/or passes a ban on sex-Selective Abortion and the growth rate of Asian immigrants by state. Indeed, I found an association between high growth rates of Asian immigration and the introduction and/or passage of sex Selective Abortion bans. But I also found that state legislatures that had passed anti-Abortion laws as of 2012 were also more likely to introduce and/or pass sex Selective Abortion bans. Upon further probing using a logit regression analysis for the binary outcome of passage or consideration of anti-Abortion legislation, the passage of other anti-Abortion legislation is significantly associated with consideration anti-Abortion legislation, whereas the growth in Asian immigration is not. Thus, anti-Abortion sentiments appear to be driving these bans more than the growth rate of Asian immigration in the states.
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Sex-Selective Abortion bans are not associated with changes in sex ratios at birth among Asian populations in Illinois and Pennsylvania
Forum for health economics & policy, 2015Co-Authors: Arindam Nandi, Sital Kalantry, Brian CitroAbstract:Legal prohibitions on sex-Selective Abortions are proliferating in the United States. Eight state legislatures have banned Abortions sought on the basis of the sex of the fetus, 21 states have considered such laws since 2009, and a similar bill is pending in U.S. Congress. These laws have been introduced and enacted without any empirical data about their impact or effectiveness. Prior studies of U.S. Census data found sex ratios among foreign-born Chinese, Korean and Indian immigrants were skewed in favor of boys, but only in families where there were already one or two girls. Using the variation in the timing of bans in Illinois and Pennsylvania as natural experiments, we compare the pre-ban and post-ban sex ratios of certain Asian newborn children in these states over 12-year periods. We then compare these ratios with the sex ratios of Asian newborn children in neighboring states during the same period. We find that the bans in Illinois and Pennsylvania are not associated with any changes in sex ratios at birth among Asians. In Illinois and its neighboring states, the sex ratio at birth of Asian children was not male-biased during our study period. On the other hand, the sex ratio at birth among Asians in Pennsylvania and its neighboring states was skewed slightly in favor of boys, but the enactment of the ban did not normalize the sex ratio. This strongly suggests that sex-Selective Abortion bans have had no impact on the practice of sex selection, to the extent that it occurs, in these states. This finding is highly relevant to legislative and policy debates in the U.S. Congress and state legislatures where sex-Selective Abortion laws are being considered.
Ming-jen Lin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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more missing women fewer dying girls the impact of sex Selective Abortion on sex at birth and relative female mortality in taiwan
Journal of the European Economic Association, 2014Co-Authors: Ming-jen Lin, Jin-tan Liu, Nancy QianAbstract:This study finds that the introduction of sex-Selective Abortion in Taiwan due to the legalization of Abortion when prenatal sex-detection technology was already available increased the fraction of males born at higher parities and changed the composition of mothers choosing to give birth. Controlling for compositional changes, we find that access to sex-Selective Abortion reduced relative neonatal female mortality rates for higher-parity births. (JEL: J13, J16)
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MORE MISSING WOMEN, FEWER DYING GIRLS: THE IMPACT OF SEX‐Selective Abortion ON SEX AT BIRTH AND RELATIVE FEMALE MORTALITY IN TAIWAN
Journal of the European Economic Association, 2014Co-Authors: Ming-jen Lin, Jin-tan Liu, Nancy QianAbstract:This study finds that the introduction of sex-Selective Abortion in Taiwan due to the legalization of Abortion when prenatal sex-detection technology was already available increased the fraction of males born at higher parities and changed the composition of mothers choosing to give birth. Controlling for compositional changes, we find that access to sex-Selective Abortion reduced relative neonatal female mortality rates for higher-parity births. (JEL: J13, J16)
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Missing Women More and More: Sex-Selective Abortion Increases Boys Born but Decreases Girls Dying in Taiwan
2007Co-Authors: Ming-jen Lin, Jin-tan Liu, Nancy QianAbstract:The determinants of the observed sex imbalance in Asian and Muslim countries has been an intensely debated topic recently. One hypothesis that all sides agree on is that increased access to sex-Selective Abortion significantly increased the number of missing women. However, there is little empirical evidence for this due to the lack of good data and the possibility that the adoption of sex-Selective Abortion technology is more likely to occur in areas with stronger boy preferences. This paper uses the universe of birth and death registry micro data from Taiwan and exploits plausibly exogenous variation in the availability of sex-Selective Abortion caused by the legalization of Abortions to identify the causal effect of sex-Selective Abortion on the observed sex imbalance. We find that sex-Selective Abortion, introduced in 1985/86, increased the fraction by males born from 51.5 percentagepoints to 53.5 percentage-points by 1989, accounting for nearly 100% of the observed increase. The effect is driven by sex selection for third and higher parities births and for older mothers. For these high parity births, we find that sex-Selective Abortion increased survival rate for girls relative to boys. Our results suggest that up to 10% of parents sex-Selectively aborting were parents who were selecting absent the technology and substituted to pre-natal selection.
Jin-tan Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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more missing women fewer dying girls the impact of sex Selective Abortion on sex at birth and relative female mortality in taiwan
Journal of the European Economic Association, 2014Co-Authors: Ming-jen Lin, Jin-tan Liu, Nancy QianAbstract:This study finds that the introduction of sex-Selective Abortion in Taiwan due to the legalization of Abortion when prenatal sex-detection technology was already available increased the fraction of males born at higher parities and changed the composition of mothers choosing to give birth. Controlling for compositional changes, we find that access to sex-Selective Abortion reduced relative neonatal female mortality rates for higher-parity births. (JEL: J13, J16)
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MORE MISSING WOMEN, FEWER DYING GIRLS: THE IMPACT OF SEX‐Selective Abortion ON SEX AT BIRTH AND RELATIVE FEMALE MORTALITY IN TAIWAN
Journal of the European Economic Association, 2014Co-Authors: Ming-jen Lin, Jin-tan Liu, Nancy QianAbstract:This study finds that the introduction of sex-Selective Abortion in Taiwan due to the legalization of Abortion when prenatal sex-detection technology was already available increased the fraction of males born at higher parities and changed the composition of mothers choosing to give birth. Controlling for compositional changes, we find that access to sex-Selective Abortion reduced relative neonatal female mortality rates for higher-parity births. (JEL: J13, J16)
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Missing Women More and More: Sex-Selective Abortion Increases Boys Born but Decreases Girls Dying in Taiwan
2007Co-Authors: Ming-jen Lin, Jin-tan Liu, Nancy QianAbstract:The determinants of the observed sex imbalance in Asian and Muslim countries has been an intensely debated topic recently. One hypothesis that all sides agree on is that increased access to sex-Selective Abortion significantly increased the number of missing women. However, there is little empirical evidence for this due to the lack of good data and the possibility that the adoption of sex-Selective Abortion technology is more likely to occur in areas with stronger boy preferences. This paper uses the universe of birth and death registry micro data from Taiwan and exploits plausibly exogenous variation in the availability of sex-Selective Abortion caused by the legalization of Abortions to identify the causal effect of sex-Selective Abortion on the observed sex imbalance. We find that sex-Selective Abortion, introduced in 1985/86, increased the fraction by males born from 51.5 percentagepoints to 53.5 percentage-points by 1989, accounting for nearly 100% of the observed increase. The effect is driven by sex selection for third and higher parities births and for older mothers. For these high parity births, we find that sex-Selective Abortion increased survival rate for girls relative to boys. Our results suggest that up to 10% of parents sex-Selectively aborting were parents who were selecting absent the technology and substituted to pre-natal selection.
Michel Garenne - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A framework for analyzing sex-Selective Abortion: the example of changing sex ratios in Southern Caucasus.
International journal of women's health, 2014Co-Authors: Sophie Hohmann, Cecile Lefevre, Michel GarenneAbstract:The paper proposes a socioeconomic framework of supply, demand, and regulation to explain the development of sex-Selective Abortion in several parts of the world. The framework is then applied to three countries of southern Caucasus (Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia) where sex-Selective Abortion has developed since the collapse of the Soviet Union. The authors argue that sex-Selective Abortion cannot be explained simply by patriarchal social systems, sex discrimination, or son preference. The emphasis is put on the long-term acceptability of Abortion in the region, on acceptability of sex-screening by both the medical establishment and by the population, on newly imported techniques of sex-screening, and on the changing demand for children associated with the major economic and social changes that followed the dismantlement of the Soviet Union.
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Gender saturation in the Southern Caucasus: family composition and sex-Selective Abortion.
Journal of biosocial science, 2014Co-Authors: Michel Garenne, Sophie HohmannAbstract:The study investigates the complex relationships between sexSelective Abortion and family composition in two countries of the Southern Caucasus: Armenia and Azerbaijan. Data were drawn from maternity histories recorded in Demographic and Health Surveys (DHSs). In both countries the relationship between the sex ratio of the next birth and the number of girls already born changed from negative to positive after 1992 when sex-Selective Abortion became prevalent. In Azerbaijan but not in Armenia a similar change was noticed for the relationship between the sex ratio of the next birth and the number of boys already born this time from positive to negative. All changes in slopes were highly statistically significant. These findings indicate that sex-Selective Abortion was prevalent in both countries and could work both ways in Azerbaijan. The results are interpreted in terms of ‘gender saturation’ that is a desire of families to better balance the composition of the family when too many children of the same sex are already born which is consistent with opinion surveys indicating a preference for balanced families.