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M Antyev - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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nutritional evaluation and histopathological assessment of unprocessed Senna occidentalis coffee Senna seed meal in broiler chicks
Nigerian Journal of Animal Science, 2019Co-Authors: D D Kontan, H B Yusuf, D T Shaahu, Jerome Nyameh, M AntyevAbstract:A 21 days feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of unprocessed Senna occidentalis seed meal on gross lesions in broiler chickens. One hundred and twenty (120) day-old Anak (2000) broiler chicks were weighed and randomly allotted to four dietary treatments in the deep litter system, replicated 3 times with 30 birds each. Senna occidentalis seeds were collected from the environment of Taraba state University Jalingo in Ardo-kola Local Government Area. They were allowed to dry, cleaned of dirt and milled for the feeding trial. Four experimental diets were formulated T1 (0%) contained no Senna seed and served as the control while T2, T3 and T4 contained 5, 10 and 15% Senna seed. The results of birds fed with 15% unprocessed Senna occidentalis showed inflammation in the bursa of fibricious, congestion in the intestine and ulceration, congestion in the caeca and the intestine were pale and distended. The results also showed a decrease in relative weight of bursa of fabricious (P<0.05) and spleen (P<0.05). Based on the results, Senna occidentalis was toxic to chicks. Hence, the need to detoxify the phytochemical properties of the plant in order to enhance its usage in poultry feeds. Keywords: Histopathological, Senna occidentalis , broiler chickens, Phytochemical, unprocessed
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Nutritional evaluation and histopathological assessment of unprocessed Senna occidentalis (Coffee Senna) seed meal in broiler chicks
Nigerian Journal of Animal Science, 2019Co-Authors: D D Kontan, H B Yusuf, D T Shaahu, Jerome Nyameh, M AntyevAbstract:A 21 days feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of unprocessed Senna occidentalis seed meal on gross lesions in broiler chickens. One hundred and twenty (120) day-old Anak (2000) broiler chicks were weighed and randomly allotted to four dietary treatments in the deep litter system, replicated 3 times with 30 birds each. Senna occidentalis seeds were collected from the environment of Taraba state University Jalingo in Ardo-kola Local Government Area. They were allowed to dry, cleaned of dirt and milled for the feeding trial. Four experimental diets were formulated T1 (0%) contained no Senna seed and served as the control while T2, T3 and T4 contained 5, 10 and 15% Senna seed. The results of birds fed with 15% unprocessed Senna occidentalis showed inflammation in the bursa of fibricious, congestion in the intestine and ulceration, congestion in the caeca and the intestine were pale and distended. The results also showed a decrease in relative weight of bursa of fabricious (P
Ming Li Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Variability for Sennoside A and B concentrations in eight Senna species
Industrial Crops and Products, 2019Co-Authors: J. Bradley Morris, Brandon Tonnis, Ming Li WangAbstract:Abstract Some Senna species are important medicinal plants used worldwide and may show variation for sennoside concentrations. The USDA, ARS, PGRCU (United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit) curates several Senna species including candlebush [S. alata (L.) Roxb.], Alexandrian Senna [S. alexandrina Mill.], S. angulata (Vogel) H.S. Irwin & Barneby, S. covesii (A. Gray) H.S. Irwin & Barneby, S. hirsuta var. hirta H.S. Irwin & Barneby, S. hirsuta var. leptocarpa (Benth.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby, S. occidentalis (L.) Link, and S. uniflora (Mill.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby. The natural products including sennoside A and B are the primary laxative ingredients in many medicinal products. However, it is unknown if sennoside A and B are found in many of these Senna species and at what concentrations. The objective of this study was to evaluate sennoside A and B content from leaves of 14 and pods of four accessions including eight Senna species over two years and locations. Sample analysis was performed by HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) on an Agilent 1100 with an auto-sampler and diode array detector. Significant accession and location x accession effects were observed for sennoside A and B. Mean separations revealed that leaves from S. alata produced significantly more sennoside A (8.55 mg/g) than all other species. However, immature pods from S. alexandrina produced the significantly highest sennoside B (16.19 mg/g) content. While this is a preliminary analysis, it provides evidence for higher levels of sennoside A and B in S. alata and S. alexandrina than in S. angulata, S. covesii, S. hirsuta var. hirta, S. hirsuta var. leptocarpa, S. occidentalis, and S. uniflora. These results show that both S. alata and S. alexandrina produced the highest sennoside concentrations. However, additional studies are required to verify sennoside content in other Senna species and organs including Senna pods.
Ludger A Wessjohann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Integrated comparative metabolite profiling via MS and NMR techniques for Senna drug quality control analysis
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 2015Co-Authors: Mohamed A. Farag, Engy A. Mahrous, Mo’men M. El-massry, Andrea Porzel, Ludger A WessjohannAbstract:Senna alexandrina Mill ( Cassia acutifolia and Cassia angustifolia ) are used for the laxative medicine Senna. Leaves and pods from two geographically different sources were distinguished from each other via proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) and ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) analysis. Under optimized conditions, we were able to simultaneously quantify and identify 107 metabolites including 21 anthraquinones, 24 bianthrones (including sennosides), 5 acetophenones, 25 C / O -flavonoid conjugates, 5 xanthones, 3 naphthalenes, 2 further phenolics, and 9 fatty acids. Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) were used to define both similarities and differences among samples. For sample classification based on tissue type (leaf and pod), both UPLC-MS and NMR were found to be more effective in separation than on geographical origin. Results reveal that the amounts of the major classes of bioactives in Senna, i.e., flavonoids and sennosides, varied significantly among organs. Leaves contained more flavonoids and ω-3 fatty acids but fewer benzophenone derivatives than pods. In contrast, pods were more enriched in bianthrones (sennosides). PCA analysis was found to be equally effective in predicting the origin of the commercial Senna preparation using NMR and/or UPLC-MS datasets. Furthermore, a selection of six so far uninvestigated Senna species were analyzed by UPLC-MS. Results revealed that the Senna alata leaf in terms of secondary metabolite composition is the most closely related species to S. alexandrina Mill, showing the highest levels of the anthraquinone “rhein” and flavonoid conjugates. To the best of our knowledge, this study provides the first approach utilizing both UPLC-MS and NMR to reveal secondary metabolite compositional differences among Senna species.
D D Kontan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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nutritional evaluation and histopathological assessment of unprocessed Senna occidentalis coffee Senna seed meal in broiler chicks
Nigerian Journal of Animal Science, 2019Co-Authors: D D Kontan, H B Yusuf, D T Shaahu, Jerome Nyameh, M AntyevAbstract:A 21 days feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of unprocessed Senna occidentalis seed meal on gross lesions in broiler chickens. One hundred and twenty (120) day-old Anak (2000) broiler chicks were weighed and randomly allotted to four dietary treatments in the deep litter system, replicated 3 times with 30 birds each. Senna occidentalis seeds were collected from the environment of Taraba state University Jalingo in Ardo-kola Local Government Area. They were allowed to dry, cleaned of dirt and milled for the feeding trial. Four experimental diets were formulated T1 (0%) contained no Senna seed and served as the control while T2, T3 and T4 contained 5, 10 and 15% Senna seed. The results of birds fed with 15% unprocessed Senna occidentalis showed inflammation in the bursa of fibricious, congestion in the intestine and ulceration, congestion in the caeca and the intestine were pale and distended. The results also showed a decrease in relative weight of bursa of fabricious (P<0.05) and spleen (P<0.05). Based on the results, Senna occidentalis was toxic to chicks. Hence, the need to detoxify the phytochemical properties of the plant in order to enhance its usage in poultry feeds. Keywords: Histopathological, Senna occidentalis , broiler chickens, Phytochemical, unprocessed
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Nutritional evaluation and histopathological assessment of unprocessed Senna occidentalis (Coffee Senna) seed meal in broiler chicks
Nigerian Journal of Animal Science, 2019Co-Authors: D D Kontan, H B Yusuf, D T Shaahu, Jerome Nyameh, M AntyevAbstract:A 21 days feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of unprocessed Senna occidentalis seed meal on gross lesions in broiler chickens. One hundred and twenty (120) day-old Anak (2000) broiler chicks were weighed and randomly allotted to four dietary treatments in the deep litter system, replicated 3 times with 30 birds each. Senna occidentalis seeds were collected from the environment of Taraba state University Jalingo in Ardo-kola Local Government Area. They were allowed to dry, cleaned of dirt and milled for the feeding trial. Four experimental diets were formulated T1 (0%) contained no Senna seed and served as the control while T2, T3 and T4 contained 5, 10 and 15% Senna seed. The results of birds fed with 15% unprocessed Senna occidentalis showed inflammation in the bursa of fibricious, congestion in the intestine and ulceration, congestion in the caeca and the intestine were pale and distended. The results also showed a decrease in relative weight of bursa of fabricious (P
J. Bradley Morris - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Variability for Sennoside A and B concentrations in eight Senna species
Industrial Crops and Products, 2019Co-Authors: J. Bradley Morris, Brandon Tonnis, Ming Li WangAbstract:Abstract Some Senna species are important medicinal plants used worldwide and may show variation for sennoside concentrations. The USDA, ARS, PGRCU (United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit) curates several Senna species including candlebush [S. alata (L.) Roxb.], Alexandrian Senna [S. alexandrina Mill.], S. angulata (Vogel) H.S. Irwin & Barneby, S. covesii (A. Gray) H.S. Irwin & Barneby, S. hirsuta var. hirta H.S. Irwin & Barneby, S. hirsuta var. leptocarpa (Benth.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby, S. occidentalis (L.) Link, and S. uniflora (Mill.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby. The natural products including sennoside A and B are the primary laxative ingredients in many medicinal products. However, it is unknown if sennoside A and B are found in many of these Senna species and at what concentrations. The objective of this study was to evaluate sennoside A and B content from leaves of 14 and pods of four accessions including eight Senna species over two years and locations. Sample analysis was performed by HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) on an Agilent 1100 with an auto-sampler and diode array detector. Significant accession and location x accession effects were observed for sennoside A and B. Mean separations revealed that leaves from S. alata produced significantly more sennoside A (8.55 mg/g) than all other species. However, immature pods from S. alexandrina produced the significantly highest sennoside B (16.19 mg/g) content. While this is a preliminary analysis, it provides evidence for higher levels of sennoside A and B in S. alata and S. alexandrina than in S. angulata, S. covesii, S. hirsuta var. hirta, S. hirsuta var. leptocarpa, S. occidentalis, and S. uniflora. These results show that both S. alata and S. alexandrina produced the highest sennoside concentrations. However, additional studies are required to verify sennoside content in other Senna species and organs including Senna pods.
