The Experts below are selected from a list of 10560 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Olivia Berminghammcdonogh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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regulated reprogramming in the regeneration of Sensory Receptor Cells
Neuron, 2011Co-Authors: Olivia BerminghammcdonoghAbstract:Vision, olfaction, hearing, and balance are mediated by Receptors that reside in specialized Sensory epithelial organs. Age-related degeneration of the photoReceptors in the retina and the hair Cells in the cochlea, caused by macular degeneration and sensorineural hearing loss, respectively, affect a growing number of individuals. Although Sensory Receptor Cells in the mammalian retina and inner ear show only limited or no regeneration, in many nonmammalian vertebrates, these Sensory epithelia show remarkable regenerative potential. We summarize the current state of knowledge of regeneration in the specialized sense organs in both nonmammalian vertebrates and mammals and discuss possible areas where new advances in regenerative medicine might provide approaches to successfully stimulate Sensory Receptor Cell regeneration. The field of regenerative medicine is still in its infancy, but new approaches using stem Cells and reprogramming suggest ways in which the potential for regeneration may be restored in individuals suffering from Sensory loss.
Shreya Jana - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Age specific anatomy and cytological studies on unilamellar olfactory structure of a teleost (Pseudapocryptes lanceolatus)
European Journal of Experimental Biology, 2014Co-Authors: Swaraj Kumar Sarkar, Shreya JanaAbstract:The age-specific macro- and micro-anatomical changes within the olfactory structure in two different age groups [young (total body length: 70mm to 150mm) and adults (total body length: 150mm to 200mm)] of Pseudapocryptes lanceolatus (Bloch and Schneider, 1801) has been examined under light microscope (LM). P. lanceolatus possess single olfactory lamella that connects anterior and posterior nares on the either side of the snout. The distance between nares (Y) and the length of olfactory lamella (Z) are significantly related in accordance with increasing total body length (X) (70mm to 150mm) of P. lanceolatus (calculated correlation coefficient rXY = 0.962 and rXZ = 0.962 respectively). In adults, the length of olfactory lamella and distance between the nares are remain constant and does not show any significant correlation with the changing total body length. The microanatomical study indicates continuous proliferation of basal Cell within the olfactory neuroepithelium of both young and adults but differs in frequency of occurrence of degenerating Sensory Receptor Cell within the olfactory neuroepithelial system. Thus, the constant proliferation of basal Cell is the only factor which is responsible for enlarging the surface area of olfactory neuroepithelium (in young stage) as well as replacing degenerating Sensory Receptor Cells in adult olfactory structure. This base line data might helps to explore details regarding age-related neurodegenerative disorders in higher vertebrates.
Swaraj Kumar Sarkar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Ultrastructural studies on the nuclear elements in differentiating and degenerative ciliated olfactory neuron of Pseudapocryptes lanceolatus (Gobiidae: Oxudercinae)
Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2015Co-Authors: Swaraj Kumar Sarkar, Tapas Chandra NagAbstract:Abstract The Cellular event of neurogenesis and neural degeneration of ciliated Sensory Receptor neuron within the adult olfactory neuroepithelial system has been studied in Pseudapocryptes lanceolatus (Bloch and Schneider, 1801) under light microscope (LM), fluorescence microscope and transmission electron microscope (TEM: Morgagni 268D) respectively. The unilamellar olfactory apparatuses of P. lanceolatus were dissected and fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde and 4% paraformaldehyde in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.2–7.4) at 4 °C for microscopical studies. The LM study indicates that the progenitor basal Cell proliferates to form electron lucent basal Cell which differentiates into ciliated Sensory Receptor neuron within the olfactory neuroepithelium. Investigation under fluorescence microscope using Acridine Orange revealed that the nuclear elements in differentiating stages of electron lucent basal Cell, mature and degenerating Sensory Receptor Cell show notable features of gradual condensation. TEM study indicates the subsequent condensation of chromatin granules (diameter ranging from 10 nm–20 nm to 15 nm–30 nm) in various differentiating stages of electron lucent basal Cell. The mature ciliated Sensory Receptor Cell possesses chromatinized nucleus with large accumulation of chromatin granules (diameter: 20 nm–30 nm) at the peripheral nucleoplasm whereas degenerating Sensory Receptor Cell possesses fragmented chromatin fibers. Therefore, these distinctive features of chromatin condensation are assumed to be a prime subCellular indicator of neural aging of olfactory Sensory Receptor Cell.
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Age specific anatomy and cytological studies on unilamellar olfactory structure of a teleost (Pseudapocryptes lanceolatus)
European Journal of Experimental Biology, 2014Co-Authors: Swaraj Kumar Sarkar, Shreya JanaAbstract:The age-specific macro- and micro-anatomical changes within the olfactory structure in two different age groups [young (total body length: 70mm to 150mm) and adults (total body length: 150mm to 200mm)] of Pseudapocryptes lanceolatus (Bloch and Schneider, 1801) has been examined under light microscope (LM). P. lanceolatus possess single olfactory lamella that connects anterior and posterior nares on the either side of the snout. The distance between nares (Y) and the length of olfactory lamella (Z) are significantly related in accordance with increasing total body length (X) (70mm to 150mm) of P. lanceolatus (calculated correlation coefficient rXY = 0.962 and rXZ = 0.962 respectively). In adults, the length of olfactory lamella and distance between the nares are remain constant and does not show any significant correlation with the changing total body length. The microanatomical study indicates continuous proliferation of basal Cell within the olfactory neuroepithelium of both young and adults but differs in frequency of occurrence of degenerating Sensory Receptor Cell within the olfactory neuroepithelial system. Thus, the constant proliferation of basal Cell is the only factor which is responsible for enlarging the surface area of olfactory neuroepithelium (in young stage) as well as replacing degenerating Sensory Receptor Cells in adult olfactory structure. This base line data might helps to explore details regarding age-related neurodegenerative disorders in higher vertebrates.
Dennis G. Drescher - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cytochemical localization of adenylyl cyclase activity within the Sensory epithelium of the trout saccule
Neuroscience Letters, 1995Co-Authors: Marian J. Drescher, Robert C. Kern, James S. Hatfield, Dennis G. DrescherAbstract:Adenylyl cyclase, the enzyme of synthesis of cAMP, the second messenger molecule mediating signal transduction in response to Sensory, neurotransmitter and hormonal stimuli, has been localized in the Sensory epithelium of the rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri R.) saccule by cytochemical detection of enzyme activity. In the Sensory Receptor Cell, or hair Cell, reaction product has been visualized in the stereocilia in close association with the outer Cell membrane and also at the apical surface of the cuticular plate. A diffuse distribution of precipitate was observed within the cytoplasm of terminal endings of nerve fibers presumed to be efferent on the basis of characteristic synaptic specializations including presynaptic vesicles and a postsynaptic cistern lying within the hair Cell. Occasionally, reaction product was observed to be associated with the external Cell membrane of these nerve terminals. There appeared to be little or no adenylyl cyclase activity associated with the plasma membrane at the base of the hair Cell or in presumptive afferent nerve endings. However, a subpopulation of nerve fiber endings which exhibited both efferent and afferent synaptic specializations contained precipitate. A concentration of adenylyl cyclase activity in hair Cell stereocilia and efferent nerve terminals in the Sensory epithelium is suggestive of a role for cAMP in second messenger action at these sites, possibly related to mechanoSensory transduction and efferent neuromodulation, respectively.
Donna M. Fekete - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Mouse Development - 22 – Development of the Mouse Inner Ear
Mouse Development, 2002Co-Authors: Amy E. Kiernan, Karen P. Steel, Donna M. FeketeAbstract:This chapter discusses the development of the mouse inner ear. The inner ear is one of the most complex and intricate structures that forms in mammals. The mammalian inner ear is composed of two diverse functional parts, the cochlea, which is the auditory portion of the ear, and the vestibule, which functions in detecting gravity and linear and rotational motion required for balance. The Sensory Receptor Cell that performs these many diverse functions is the hair Cell. Hair Cells, along with their associated supporting Cells, make up a sensor patch, and six different Sensory patches are located throughout the ear. Within the cochlea lies a single Sensory patch, the organ of corti, which is responsible for transducing sound waves into neuronal impulses. Two different types of hair Cells are found in this organ, inner hair Cells (IHCs) and outer hair Cells (OHCs), which differ in both morphology and function by sending information back to the brain.
