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D Hagman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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improving passive transfer of immunoglobulins in calves i dose effect of feeding a commercial colostrum replacer
Journal of Dairy Science, 2009Co-Authors: Sandra Godden, Deborah M. Haines, D HagmanAbstract:Abstract The objective of this study was to describe the effects of feeding 1 or 2 doses of a commercially available colostrum-derived colostrum replacer (CR) on passive transfer of immunoglobulins (Ig) in newborn dairy calves, including IgG, IgG1, IgG2, IgA, and IgM. Newborn calves were removed from the dam before suckling and randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatment groups: group 1 were fed 1 package (100 g of IgG) of CR product, group 2 was fed 2 packages (200 g of IgG) of the same CR product, and group 3 was fed 3.8 L of maternal colostrum. All colostrum treatments were fed using an esophageal tube feeder within 2 h of birth. Blood samples collected before colostrum feeding and at 24 h of age were tested for Serum Total Protein and Ig concentrations. Mean 24-h Serum Total Protein (TP) and IgG concentrations were significantly lower for calves in group 1 (n = 24; TP = 4.9 g/dL, IgG = 9.6 mg/mL) compared with calves in groups 2 or 3. There was no difference in 24-h Serum TP or IgG concentrations between calves in group 2 (n = 23; TP = 5.5 g/dL, IgG = 19.0 mg/mL) and calves in group 3 (n = 22; TP = 5.7 g/dL, IgG = 20.7 mg/mL). Fifty-four, 100, and 91% of calves in groups 1, 2 and 3 achieved acceptable passive transfer (24-h Serum IgG ≥10 mg/mL), respectively. Statistically significant but numerically small differences existed between calves in groups 2 and 3 for some 24-h Serum Ig classes and subclasses (mean Serum concentrations of IgG2, IgA, IgM) and for the relative percentages of Ig classes and subclasses (IgA, IgM, and IgG as a percentage of Total Ig; IgG1 and IgG2 as a percentage of Total IgG).
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effects of feeding heat treated colostrum on passive transfer of immune and nutritional parameters in neonatal dairy calves
Journal of Dairy Science, 2007Co-Authors: J L Johnson, Sandra Godden, Thomas W Molitor, Trevor R Ames, D HagmanAbstract:Abstract The first objective of this study was to describe the effect of on-farm heat treatment of colostrum on colostral bacteria counts and IgG concentrations. The second objective was to describe the effect of feeding heat-treated (vs. raw) colostrum on passive transfer of colostral immune and nutritional parameters in neonatal calves. Pooled batches of colostrum were mixed and divided equally: one half was fed raw whereas the other half was fed after heat treatment at 60°C for 60min using a commercial on-farm batch pasteurizer. Colostrum samples were cultured for Total bacteria count and Total coliform count and analyzed for Total IgG concentration. Forty-nine Holstein calves were fed either raw colostrum (n = 24) or heat-treated colostrums (n = 25) within 1 to 2h after birth. Serum samples collected from calves at 0h (precolostrum) and 24h (postcolostrum) were assayed for Serum Total Protein; IgG, IgA, and IgM concentrations; peripheral Total leukocyte counts; neutrophil counts; lymphocyte counts; lymphocyte phenotypes; vitamin A, vitamin E, cholesterol, and β -carotene concentrations. Serum samples collected from 2- to 5-d-old calves were tested for immunoglobulin function via a bovine viral diarrhea virus type I Serum neutralization titer and for neutrophil bacterial opsonization activity. On-farm batch heat treatment of colostrum at 60°C for 60min resulted in lower colostrum bacteria concentrations while maintaining colostral IgG concentration. Calves fed heat-treated colostrum had significantly greater Serum Total Protein and IgG concentrations at 24h, plus greater apparent efficiency of IgG absorption (Total Protein=6.3 mg/dL; IgG=22.3 mg/mL; apparent efficiency of absorption=35.6%) compared with calves fed raw colostrum (TP = 5.9 mg/dL; IgG=18.1 mg/mL; apparent efficiency of absorption=26.1%). There was no effect of treatment on Serum concentrations of IgA, IgM, vitamin A, vitamin E, cholesterol, β-carotene or vitamin E:cholesterol ratio, or on Serum bovine viral diarrhea virus type I Serum neutralization titers. There was no difference between treatment groups when examining calf plasma Total leukocyte counts, neutrophil counts, lymphocyte counts, or neutrophil opsonization activity. However, the latter results were considered inconclusive.
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effects of feeding heat treated colostrum on passive transfer of immune and nutritional parameters in neonatal dairy calves
Journal of Dairy Science, 2007Co-Authors: J L Johnson, Sandra Godden, Thomas W Molitor, Trevor R Ames, D HagmanAbstract:The first objective of this study was to describe the effect of on-farm heat treatment of colostrum on colostral bacteria counts and IgG concentrations. The second objective was to describe the effect of feeding heat-treated (vs. raw) colostrum on passive transfer of colostral immune and nutritional parameters in neonatal calves. Pooled batches of colostrum were mixed and divided equally: one half was fed raw whereas the other half was fed after heat treatment at 60 degrees C for 60 min using a commercial on-farm batch pasteurizer. Colostrum samples were cultured for Total bacteria count and Total coliform count and analyzed for Total IgG concentration. Forty-nine Holstein calves were fed either raw colostrum (n = 24) or heat-treated colostrums (n = 25) within 1 to 2 h after birth. Serum samples collected from calves at 0 h (precolostrum) and 24 h (postcolostrum) were assayed for Serum Total Protein; IgG, IgA, and IgM concentrations; peripheral Total leukocyte counts; neutrophil counts; lymphocyte counts; lymphocyte phenotypes; vitamin A, vitamin E, cholesterol, and beta-carotene concentrations. Serum samples collected from 2- to 5-d-old calves were tested for immunoglobulin function via a bovine viral diarrhea virus type I Serum neutralization titer and for neutrophil bacterial opsonization activity. On-farm batch heat treatment of colostrum at 60 degrees C for 60 min resulted in lower colostrum bacteria concentrations while maintaining colostral IgG concentration. Calves fed heat-treated colostrum had significantly greater Serum Total Protein and IgG concentrations at 24 h, plus greater apparent efficiency of IgG absorption (Total Protein = 6.3 mg/dL; IgG = 22.3 mg/mL; apparent efficiency of absorption = 35.6%) compared with calves fed raw colostrum (TP = 5.9 mg/dL; IgG = 18.1 mg/mL; apparent efficiency of absorption = 26.1%). There was no effect of treatment on Serum concentrations of IgA, IgM, vitamin A, vitamin E, cholesterol, beta-carotene or vitamin E:cholesterol ratio, or on Serum bovine viral diarrhea virus type I Serum neutralization titers. There was no difference between treatment groups when examining calf plasma Total leukocyte counts, neutrophil counts, lymphocyte counts, or neutrophil opsonization activity. However, the latter results were considered inconclusive.
K E Leslie - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evaluation of a brix refractometer to estimate Serum immunoglobulin g concentration in neonatal dairy calves
Journal of Dairy Science, 2014Co-Authors: S M Deele, T L Ollive, Deborah M. Haines, K E LeslieAbstract:Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the utility of a digital Brix refractometer for the assessment of success of passive transfer of maternal immunoglobulin compared with the measurement of Serum Total Protein (STP) by refractometry. Blood samples (n=400) were collected from calves at 3 to 6d of age. Serum IgG concentration was determined by radial immunodiffusion (RID), and STP and percentage Brix (%Brix) were determined using a digital refractometer. The mean IgG concentration was 24.1g/L [standard deviation (SD) ± 10.0] with a range from 2.1 to 59.1g/L. The mean STP concentration was 6.0g/dL (SD ± 0.8) with a range from 4.4 to 8.8g/dL. The mean %Brix concentration was 9.2% (SD ± 0.9) with a range of 7.3 to 12.4%. Brix percentage was highly correlated with IgG (r=0.93). Test characteristics were calculated to assess failure of passive transfer (FPT; Serum IgG
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evaluation of a brix refractometer to estimate Serum immunoglobulin g concentration in neonatal dairy calves
Journal of Dairy Science, 2014Co-Authors: S M Deelen, Deborah M. Haines, T L Ollivett, K E LeslieAbstract:The objective of this study was to evaluate the utility of a digital Brix refractometer for the assessment of success of passive transfer of maternal immunoglobulin compared with the measurement of Serum Total Protein (STP) by refractometry. Blood samples (n = 400) were collected from calves at 3 to 6d of age. Serum IgG concentration was determined by radial immunodiffusion (RID), and STP and percentage Brix (%Brix) were determined using a digital refractometer. The mean IgG concentration was 24.1g/L [standard deviation (SD) ± 10.0] with a range from 2.1 to 59.1g/L. The mean STP concentration was 6.0 g/dL (SD ± 0.8) with a range from 4.4 to 8.8 g/dL. The mean %Brix concentration was 9.2% (SD ± 0.9) with a range of 7.3 to 12.4%. Brix percentage was highly correlated with IgG (r = 0.93). Test characteristics were calculated to assess failure of passive transfer (FPT; Serum IgG <10 g/L). The sensitivity and specificity of STP at 5.5 g/dL were 76.3 and 94.4%, respectively. A receiver operating characteristic curve was created to plot the true positive rate against the false positive rate for consecutive %Brix values. The optimal combination of sensitivity (88.9%) and specificity (88.9%) was at 8.4% Brix. Serum Total Protein was also positively correlated with %Brix (r = 1.00) and IgG (r = 0.93). Dairy producers can successfully monitor their colostrum management and the overall success of passive transfer using a digital Brix refractometer to estimate IgG concentration of colostrum and calf Serum.
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short communication analysis of health and survival in a population of ontario holstein heifer calves
Journal of Dairy Science, 2013Co-Authors: C E Mccorquodale, A Sewalem, F Miglior, D F Kelton, A Robinson, A Koeck, K E LeslieAbstract:Abstract The objective of the present study was to investigate health and survival in heifer calves, from 16 farms in southwestern Ontario. Research technicians visited the farms on a weekly schedule for 16mo, starting in January 2008, and collected blood samples and various measurements to determine the overall health status of the calves. Data of 1,588 Holstein heifer calves from birth until 90 to 120d of age were analyzed. Initially, a survival analysis was carried out to determine which factors surrounding birth increased a calf's risk of mortality. The factors examined were type of birth, calving ease, season of birth, Serum Total Protein, weight during first week of life, treatment status during first week of life, Total number of treatments, and bovine respiratory disease status. In general, calves born in fall (October–December), low Serum Total Protein, low weight, and calves treated for illness during the first week of life, increasing number of treatments, and being treated for bovine respiratory disease all increased a calf's risk of mortality. Genetic parameters for requiring treatment for illness, survival, bovine respiratory disease, other diseases, height, and weight were estimated. Heritabilities for treatment, survival, and diseases were low, ranging from 0.04 to 0.07, and were not significant. Moderate and significant heritabilities were found for height (0.33 to 0.45) and weight (0.24 to 0.44). Treatment and survival to 90 to 120d of age were favorably correlated, indicating that calves requiring less treatment have a higher survival rate and vice versa. Further, body weight was found to have a tendency of favorable genetic correlation (−0.22 to −0.53) with treatment for diseases, indicating that calves with higher body weight in their first month of life were genetically more resistant to diseases than those with average body weight. Overall, our results show the potential of using data on calfhood disease and survival in future dairy cattle breeding programs. Further investigation and improved data collection are required to determine the full impact of genetics on health and survival in dairy heifer calves.
Sandra Godden - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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improving passive transfer of immunoglobulins in calves i dose effect of feeding a commercial colostrum replacer
Journal of Dairy Science, 2009Co-Authors: Sandra Godden, Deborah M. Haines, D HagmanAbstract:Abstract The objective of this study was to describe the effects of feeding 1 or 2 doses of a commercially available colostrum-derived colostrum replacer (CR) on passive transfer of immunoglobulins (Ig) in newborn dairy calves, including IgG, IgG1, IgG2, IgA, and IgM. Newborn calves were removed from the dam before suckling and randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatment groups: group 1 were fed 1 package (100 g of IgG) of CR product, group 2 was fed 2 packages (200 g of IgG) of the same CR product, and group 3 was fed 3.8 L of maternal colostrum. All colostrum treatments were fed using an esophageal tube feeder within 2 h of birth. Blood samples collected before colostrum feeding and at 24 h of age were tested for Serum Total Protein and Ig concentrations. Mean 24-h Serum Total Protein (TP) and IgG concentrations were significantly lower for calves in group 1 (n = 24; TP = 4.9 g/dL, IgG = 9.6 mg/mL) compared with calves in groups 2 or 3. There was no difference in 24-h Serum TP or IgG concentrations between calves in group 2 (n = 23; TP = 5.5 g/dL, IgG = 19.0 mg/mL) and calves in group 3 (n = 22; TP = 5.7 g/dL, IgG = 20.7 mg/mL). Fifty-four, 100, and 91% of calves in groups 1, 2 and 3 achieved acceptable passive transfer (24-h Serum IgG ≥10 mg/mL), respectively. Statistically significant but numerically small differences existed between calves in groups 2 and 3 for some 24-h Serum Ig classes and subclasses (mean Serum concentrations of IgG2, IgA, IgM) and for the relative percentages of Ig classes and subclasses (IgA, IgM, and IgG as a percentage of Total Ig; IgG1 and IgG2 as a percentage of Total IgG).
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effects of feeding heat treated colostrum on passive transfer of immune and nutritional parameters in neonatal dairy calves
Journal of Dairy Science, 2007Co-Authors: J L Johnson, Sandra Godden, Thomas W Molitor, Trevor R Ames, D HagmanAbstract:Abstract The first objective of this study was to describe the effect of on-farm heat treatment of colostrum on colostral bacteria counts and IgG concentrations. The second objective was to describe the effect of feeding heat-treated (vs. raw) colostrum on passive transfer of colostral immune and nutritional parameters in neonatal calves. Pooled batches of colostrum were mixed and divided equally: one half was fed raw whereas the other half was fed after heat treatment at 60°C for 60min using a commercial on-farm batch pasteurizer. Colostrum samples were cultured for Total bacteria count and Total coliform count and analyzed for Total IgG concentration. Forty-nine Holstein calves were fed either raw colostrum (n = 24) or heat-treated colostrums (n = 25) within 1 to 2h after birth. Serum samples collected from calves at 0h (precolostrum) and 24h (postcolostrum) were assayed for Serum Total Protein; IgG, IgA, and IgM concentrations; peripheral Total leukocyte counts; neutrophil counts; lymphocyte counts; lymphocyte phenotypes; vitamin A, vitamin E, cholesterol, and β -carotene concentrations. Serum samples collected from 2- to 5-d-old calves were tested for immunoglobulin function via a bovine viral diarrhea virus type I Serum neutralization titer and for neutrophil bacterial opsonization activity. On-farm batch heat treatment of colostrum at 60°C for 60min resulted in lower colostrum bacteria concentrations while maintaining colostral IgG concentration. Calves fed heat-treated colostrum had significantly greater Serum Total Protein and IgG concentrations at 24h, plus greater apparent efficiency of IgG absorption (Total Protein=6.3 mg/dL; IgG=22.3 mg/mL; apparent efficiency of absorption=35.6%) compared with calves fed raw colostrum (TP = 5.9 mg/dL; IgG=18.1 mg/mL; apparent efficiency of absorption=26.1%). There was no effect of treatment on Serum concentrations of IgA, IgM, vitamin A, vitamin E, cholesterol, β-carotene or vitamin E:cholesterol ratio, or on Serum bovine viral diarrhea virus type I Serum neutralization titers. There was no difference between treatment groups when examining calf plasma Total leukocyte counts, neutrophil counts, lymphocyte counts, or neutrophil opsonization activity. However, the latter results were considered inconclusive.
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effects of feeding heat treated colostrum on passive transfer of immune and nutritional parameters in neonatal dairy calves
Journal of Dairy Science, 2007Co-Authors: J L Johnson, Sandra Godden, Thomas W Molitor, Trevor R Ames, D HagmanAbstract:The first objective of this study was to describe the effect of on-farm heat treatment of colostrum on colostral bacteria counts and IgG concentrations. The second objective was to describe the effect of feeding heat-treated (vs. raw) colostrum on passive transfer of colostral immune and nutritional parameters in neonatal calves. Pooled batches of colostrum were mixed and divided equally: one half was fed raw whereas the other half was fed after heat treatment at 60 degrees C for 60 min using a commercial on-farm batch pasteurizer. Colostrum samples were cultured for Total bacteria count and Total coliform count and analyzed for Total IgG concentration. Forty-nine Holstein calves were fed either raw colostrum (n = 24) or heat-treated colostrums (n = 25) within 1 to 2 h after birth. Serum samples collected from calves at 0 h (precolostrum) and 24 h (postcolostrum) were assayed for Serum Total Protein; IgG, IgA, and IgM concentrations; peripheral Total leukocyte counts; neutrophil counts; lymphocyte counts; lymphocyte phenotypes; vitamin A, vitamin E, cholesterol, and beta-carotene concentrations. Serum samples collected from 2- to 5-d-old calves were tested for immunoglobulin function via a bovine viral diarrhea virus type I Serum neutralization titer and for neutrophil bacterial opsonization activity. On-farm batch heat treatment of colostrum at 60 degrees C for 60 min resulted in lower colostrum bacteria concentrations while maintaining colostral IgG concentration. Calves fed heat-treated colostrum had significantly greater Serum Total Protein and IgG concentrations at 24 h, plus greater apparent efficiency of IgG absorption (Total Protein = 6.3 mg/dL; IgG = 22.3 mg/mL; apparent efficiency of absorption = 35.6%) compared with calves fed raw colostrum (TP = 5.9 mg/dL; IgG = 18.1 mg/mL; apparent efficiency of absorption = 26.1%). There was no effect of treatment on Serum concentrations of IgA, IgM, vitamin A, vitamin E, cholesterol, beta-carotene or vitamin E:cholesterol ratio, or on Serum bovine viral diarrhea virus type I Serum neutralization titers. There was no difference between treatment groups when examining calf plasma Total leukocyte counts, neutrophil counts, lymphocyte counts, or neutrophil opsonization activity. However, the latter results were considered inconclusive.
J L Johnson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of feeding heat treated colostrum on passive transfer of immune and nutritional parameters in neonatal dairy calves
Journal of Dairy Science, 2007Co-Authors: J L Johnson, Sandra Godden, Thomas W Molitor, Trevor R Ames, D HagmanAbstract:Abstract The first objective of this study was to describe the effect of on-farm heat treatment of colostrum on colostral bacteria counts and IgG concentrations. The second objective was to describe the effect of feeding heat-treated (vs. raw) colostrum on passive transfer of colostral immune and nutritional parameters in neonatal calves. Pooled batches of colostrum were mixed and divided equally: one half was fed raw whereas the other half was fed after heat treatment at 60°C for 60min using a commercial on-farm batch pasteurizer. Colostrum samples were cultured for Total bacteria count and Total coliform count and analyzed for Total IgG concentration. Forty-nine Holstein calves were fed either raw colostrum (n = 24) or heat-treated colostrums (n = 25) within 1 to 2h after birth. Serum samples collected from calves at 0h (precolostrum) and 24h (postcolostrum) were assayed for Serum Total Protein; IgG, IgA, and IgM concentrations; peripheral Total leukocyte counts; neutrophil counts; lymphocyte counts; lymphocyte phenotypes; vitamin A, vitamin E, cholesterol, and β -carotene concentrations. Serum samples collected from 2- to 5-d-old calves were tested for immunoglobulin function via a bovine viral diarrhea virus type I Serum neutralization titer and for neutrophil bacterial opsonization activity. On-farm batch heat treatment of colostrum at 60°C for 60min resulted in lower colostrum bacteria concentrations while maintaining colostral IgG concentration. Calves fed heat-treated colostrum had significantly greater Serum Total Protein and IgG concentrations at 24h, plus greater apparent efficiency of IgG absorption (Total Protein=6.3 mg/dL; IgG=22.3 mg/mL; apparent efficiency of absorption=35.6%) compared with calves fed raw colostrum (TP = 5.9 mg/dL; IgG=18.1 mg/mL; apparent efficiency of absorption=26.1%). There was no effect of treatment on Serum concentrations of IgA, IgM, vitamin A, vitamin E, cholesterol, β-carotene or vitamin E:cholesterol ratio, or on Serum bovine viral diarrhea virus type I Serum neutralization titers. There was no difference between treatment groups when examining calf plasma Total leukocyte counts, neutrophil counts, lymphocyte counts, or neutrophil opsonization activity. However, the latter results were considered inconclusive.
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effects of feeding heat treated colostrum on passive transfer of immune and nutritional parameters in neonatal dairy calves
Journal of Dairy Science, 2007Co-Authors: J L Johnson, Sandra Godden, Thomas W Molitor, Trevor R Ames, D HagmanAbstract:The first objective of this study was to describe the effect of on-farm heat treatment of colostrum on colostral bacteria counts and IgG concentrations. The second objective was to describe the effect of feeding heat-treated (vs. raw) colostrum on passive transfer of colostral immune and nutritional parameters in neonatal calves. Pooled batches of colostrum were mixed and divided equally: one half was fed raw whereas the other half was fed after heat treatment at 60 degrees C for 60 min using a commercial on-farm batch pasteurizer. Colostrum samples were cultured for Total bacteria count and Total coliform count and analyzed for Total IgG concentration. Forty-nine Holstein calves were fed either raw colostrum (n = 24) or heat-treated colostrums (n = 25) within 1 to 2 h after birth. Serum samples collected from calves at 0 h (precolostrum) and 24 h (postcolostrum) were assayed for Serum Total Protein; IgG, IgA, and IgM concentrations; peripheral Total leukocyte counts; neutrophil counts; lymphocyte counts; lymphocyte phenotypes; vitamin A, vitamin E, cholesterol, and beta-carotene concentrations. Serum samples collected from 2- to 5-d-old calves were tested for immunoglobulin function via a bovine viral diarrhea virus type I Serum neutralization titer and for neutrophil bacterial opsonization activity. On-farm batch heat treatment of colostrum at 60 degrees C for 60 min resulted in lower colostrum bacteria concentrations while maintaining colostral IgG concentration. Calves fed heat-treated colostrum had significantly greater Serum Total Protein and IgG concentrations at 24 h, plus greater apparent efficiency of IgG absorption (Total Protein = 6.3 mg/dL; IgG = 22.3 mg/mL; apparent efficiency of absorption = 35.6%) compared with calves fed raw colostrum (TP = 5.9 mg/dL; IgG = 18.1 mg/mL; apparent efficiency of absorption = 26.1%). There was no effect of treatment on Serum concentrations of IgA, IgM, vitamin A, vitamin E, cholesterol, beta-carotene or vitamin E:cholesterol ratio, or on Serum bovine viral diarrhea virus type I Serum neutralization titers. There was no difference between treatment groups when examining calf plasma Total leukocyte counts, neutrophil counts, lymphocyte counts, or neutrophil opsonization activity. However, the latter results were considered inconclusive.
Trevor R Ames - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of feeding heat treated colostrum on passive transfer of immune and nutritional parameters in neonatal dairy calves
Journal of Dairy Science, 2007Co-Authors: J L Johnson, Sandra Godden, Thomas W Molitor, Trevor R Ames, D HagmanAbstract:Abstract The first objective of this study was to describe the effect of on-farm heat treatment of colostrum on colostral bacteria counts and IgG concentrations. The second objective was to describe the effect of feeding heat-treated (vs. raw) colostrum on passive transfer of colostral immune and nutritional parameters in neonatal calves. Pooled batches of colostrum were mixed and divided equally: one half was fed raw whereas the other half was fed after heat treatment at 60°C for 60min using a commercial on-farm batch pasteurizer. Colostrum samples were cultured for Total bacteria count and Total coliform count and analyzed for Total IgG concentration. Forty-nine Holstein calves were fed either raw colostrum (n = 24) or heat-treated colostrums (n = 25) within 1 to 2h after birth. Serum samples collected from calves at 0h (precolostrum) and 24h (postcolostrum) were assayed for Serum Total Protein; IgG, IgA, and IgM concentrations; peripheral Total leukocyte counts; neutrophil counts; lymphocyte counts; lymphocyte phenotypes; vitamin A, vitamin E, cholesterol, and β -carotene concentrations. Serum samples collected from 2- to 5-d-old calves were tested for immunoglobulin function via a bovine viral diarrhea virus type I Serum neutralization titer and for neutrophil bacterial opsonization activity. On-farm batch heat treatment of colostrum at 60°C for 60min resulted in lower colostrum bacteria concentrations while maintaining colostral IgG concentration. Calves fed heat-treated colostrum had significantly greater Serum Total Protein and IgG concentrations at 24h, plus greater apparent efficiency of IgG absorption (Total Protein=6.3 mg/dL; IgG=22.3 mg/mL; apparent efficiency of absorption=35.6%) compared with calves fed raw colostrum (TP = 5.9 mg/dL; IgG=18.1 mg/mL; apparent efficiency of absorption=26.1%). There was no effect of treatment on Serum concentrations of IgA, IgM, vitamin A, vitamin E, cholesterol, β-carotene or vitamin E:cholesterol ratio, or on Serum bovine viral diarrhea virus type I Serum neutralization titers. There was no difference between treatment groups when examining calf plasma Total leukocyte counts, neutrophil counts, lymphocyte counts, or neutrophil opsonization activity. However, the latter results were considered inconclusive.
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effects of feeding heat treated colostrum on passive transfer of immune and nutritional parameters in neonatal dairy calves
Journal of Dairy Science, 2007Co-Authors: J L Johnson, Sandra Godden, Thomas W Molitor, Trevor R Ames, D HagmanAbstract:The first objective of this study was to describe the effect of on-farm heat treatment of colostrum on colostral bacteria counts and IgG concentrations. The second objective was to describe the effect of feeding heat-treated (vs. raw) colostrum on passive transfer of colostral immune and nutritional parameters in neonatal calves. Pooled batches of colostrum were mixed and divided equally: one half was fed raw whereas the other half was fed after heat treatment at 60 degrees C for 60 min using a commercial on-farm batch pasteurizer. Colostrum samples were cultured for Total bacteria count and Total coliform count and analyzed for Total IgG concentration. Forty-nine Holstein calves were fed either raw colostrum (n = 24) or heat-treated colostrums (n = 25) within 1 to 2 h after birth. Serum samples collected from calves at 0 h (precolostrum) and 24 h (postcolostrum) were assayed for Serum Total Protein; IgG, IgA, and IgM concentrations; peripheral Total leukocyte counts; neutrophil counts; lymphocyte counts; lymphocyte phenotypes; vitamin A, vitamin E, cholesterol, and beta-carotene concentrations. Serum samples collected from 2- to 5-d-old calves were tested for immunoglobulin function via a bovine viral diarrhea virus type I Serum neutralization titer and for neutrophil bacterial opsonization activity. On-farm batch heat treatment of colostrum at 60 degrees C for 60 min resulted in lower colostrum bacteria concentrations while maintaining colostral IgG concentration. Calves fed heat-treated colostrum had significantly greater Serum Total Protein and IgG concentrations at 24 h, plus greater apparent efficiency of IgG absorption (Total Protein = 6.3 mg/dL; IgG = 22.3 mg/mL; apparent efficiency of absorption = 35.6%) compared with calves fed raw colostrum (TP = 5.9 mg/dL; IgG = 18.1 mg/mL; apparent efficiency of absorption = 26.1%). There was no effect of treatment on Serum concentrations of IgA, IgM, vitamin A, vitamin E, cholesterol, beta-carotene or vitamin E:cholesterol ratio, or on Serum bovine viral diarrhea virus type I Serum neutralization titers. There was no difference between treatment groups when examining calf plasma Total leukocyte counts, neutrophil counts, lymphocyte counts, or neutrophil opsonization activity. However, the latter results were considered inconclusive.
