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Maria Celeste Arrabaca - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • photosynthesis in the water stressed c4 grass Setaria sphacelata is mainly limited by stomata with both rapidly and slowly imposed water deficits
    Physiologia Plantarum, 2004
    Co-Authors: Jorge Marques Da Silva, Maria Celeste Arrabaca
    Abstract:

    A comparison of the effects of a rapid and a slowly imposed water deficit on photosynthesis was performed in Setaria sphacelata var. splendida (Stapf) Clayton, a C 4 NADP-ME grass. Gas exchange was measured in rapidly and slowly dehydrated adult leaves either under atmospheric CO 2 partial pressure with an infrared gas analyser or under saturating CO 2 partial pressure with a leaf disc oxygen electrode. These measurements were used to calculate stomatal and non-stomatal limitations to photosynthesis. These were further investigated using modulated chlorophyll a fluorescence measurements and photosynthetic pigment quantification. The decrease of net photosynthesis, leaf conductance and water use efficiency was more pronounced under rapid stress than in slow stress. However, photosynthesis is always mainly limited by stomata in both types of stress, albeit the contribution of non-stomatal limitations increases at severe water deficits in slow stress experiments. The substomatal CO 2 partial pressure significantly increased in both types of stress, suggesting an increased resistance due to an internal barrier to CO 2 diffusion. Physical alterations in the structure of the intercellular spaces due to leaf shrinkage may account for these results. The maximal photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) was remarkably resistant to stress, as the F v / F m ratio decreased only at severe water deficit. On the contrary, the effective photochemical efficiency of PSII (ΔF/F m ) measured under high actinic light decreased linearly in both types of stress, although in a more pronounced way under rapid stress. A similar variation in photochemical quenching suggests that the decrease of ΔF/F m is mainly due to the closure of PSII reaction centres. The non-photochemical quenching did not change significantly except under severe dehydration indicating that the energization state of thylakoids remained stable under stress. The decrease observed in photosynthetic pigments may be an adaptation to stress rather than a limiting factor to photosynthesis. Results suggests that, although intrinsic mesophyll metabolic inhibitions occur, stomatal limitation to CO 2 diffusion is the main reason for the decrease in photosynthesis.

  • Photosynthesis in the water‐stressed C4 grass Setaria sphacelata is mainly limited by stomata with both rapidly and slowly imposed water deficits
    Physiologia Plantarum, 2004
    Co-Authors: Jorge Marques Da Silva, Maria Celeste Arrabaca
    Abstract:

    A comparison of the effects of a rapid and a slowly imposed water deficit on photosynthesis was performed in Setaria sphacelata var. splendida (Stapf) Clayton, a C 4 NADP-ME grass. Gas exchange was measured in rapidly and slowly dehydrated adult leaves either under atmospheric CO 2 partial pressure with an infrared gas analyser or under saturating CO 2 partial pressure with a leaf disc oxygen electrode. These measurements were used to calculate stomatal and non-stomatal limitations to photosynthesis. These were further investigated using modulated chlorophyll a fluorescence measurements and photosynthetic pigment quantification. The decrease of net photosynthesis, leaf conductance and water use efficiency was more pronounced under rapid stress than in slow stress. However, photosynthesis is always mainly limited by stomata in both types of stress, albeit the contribution of non-stomatal limitations increases at severe water deficits in slow stress experiments. The substomatal CO 2 partial pressure significantly increased in both types of stress, suggesting an increased resistance due to an internal barrier to CO 2 diffusion. Physical alterations in the structure of the intercellular spaces due to leaf shrinkage may account for these results. The maximal photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) was remarkably resistant to stress, as the F v / F m ratio decreased only at severe water deficit. On the contrary, the effective photochemical efficiency of PSII (ΔF/F m ) measured under high actinic light decreased linearly in both types of stress, although in a more pronounced way under rapid stress. A similar variation in photochemical quenching suggests that the decrease of ΔF/F m is mainly due to the closure of PSII reaction centres. The non-photochemical quenching did not change significantly except under severe dehydration indicating that the energization state of thylakoids remained stable under stress. The decrease observed in photosynthetic pigments may be an adaptation to stress rather than a limiting factor to photosynthesis. Results suggests that, although intrinsic mesophyll metabolic inhibitions occur, stomatal limitation to CO 2 diffusion is the main reason for the decrease in photosynthesis.

  • contributions of soluble carbohydrates to the osmotic adjustment in the c4 grass Setaria sphacelata a comparison between rapidly and slowly imposed water stress
    Journal of Plant Physiology, 2004
    Co-Authors: Jorge Marques Da Silva, Maria Celeste Arrabaca
    Abstract:

    Summary Photosynthetic carbohydrate content in Setaria sphacelata var. splendida under rapidly and slowly induced water deficit and its contribution to osmotic adjustment were studied. In short-term stress experiments, a decrease in the total content of sucrose (Su) and starch (St) was observed in leaf discs submitted to stress. An increase in the ratio between free hexoses and sucrose was found in stressed leaves, but no significant differences were found in the amount of free hexoses nor in the ratio between soluble and insoluble sugars. In long-term stress experiments, a higher amount of soluble sugars and a lower amount of starch were found in stressed leaves, when compared to the control. The ratios of free hexoses to sucrose and of soluble to insoluble sugars were also higher in stressed leaves. The contribution of the accumulation of soluble sugars to osmotic adjustment was absent in rapidly stressed leaves and was of minor importance in slowly stressed leaves.

  • effect of rapid dehydration on the activity of pepc from the c4 grass Setaria sphacelata
    Science Access, 2001
    Co-Authors: Jorge Marques Da Silva, Maria Celeste Arrabaca
    Abstract:

    Plants of Setaria sphacelata were grown in soil in a phytotron under a PPFD of 400 m mol m-2s-1 25/18 oC (day/night) temperature. Young fully expanded leaves were excised and allowed to be rapidly dehydrated by exposure to the phytotron atmosphere. Relative water content (RWC) was monitored in a parallel sample, and leaf fragments at different RWC were frozen in liquid nitrogen. Leaf samples were later ground for enzyme extraction. PEPC activity was measured spectrophotometrically. Both the maximal and the physiological PEPC activities decreased approximately 80% as the RWC decreased from full-saturation to 60%, when expressed on dry weight, soluble protein and chlorophyll bases. At lower RWC there appears to be a partial recovery of both activities. As maximal activity decreased more than the physiological activity a linear increase of the % of activation was observed under stress, from 40% at full water content to 60% at the more severe stress measured. The decrease of maximal activities suggests a lower amount of PEPC protein in stressed samples, due to enzyme degradation or to the dissociation of the tetrameric complex. The increase of the % of activation with decreasing RWC suggests that in stress conditions the enzyme is more phosphorylated. Possible mechanisms will be discussed.

Jorge Marques Da Silva - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • photosynthesis in the water stressed c4 grass Setaria sphacelata is mainly limited by stomata with both rapidly and slowly imposed water deficits
    Physiologia Plantarum, 2004
    Co-Authors: Jorge Marques Da Silva, Maria Celeste Arrabaca
    Abstract:

    A comparison of the effects of a rapid and a slowly imposed water deficit on photosynthesis was performed in Setaria sphacelata var. splendida (Stapf) Clayton, a C 4 NADP-ME grass. Gas exchange was measured in rapidly and slowly dehydrated adult leaves either under atmospheric CO 2 partial pressure with an infrared gas analyser or under saturating CO 2 partial pressure with a leaf disc oxygen electrode. These measurements were used to calculate stomatal and non-stomatal limitations to photosynthesis. These were further investigated using modulated chlorophyll a fluorescence measurements and photosynthetic pigment quantification. The decrease of net photosynthesis, leaf conductance and water use efficiency was more pronounced under rapid stress than in slow stress. However, photosynthesis is always mainly limited by stomata in both types of stress, albeit the contribution of non-stomatal limitations increases at severe water deficits in slow stress experiments. The substomatal CO 2 partial pressure significantly increased in both types of stress, suggesting an increased resistance due to an internal barrier to CO 2 diffusion. Physical alterations in the structure of the intercellular spaces due to leaf shrinkage may account for these results. The maximal photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) was remarkably resistant to stress, as the F v / F m ratio decreased only at severe water deficit. On the contrary, the effective photochemical efficiency of PSII (ΔF/F m ) measured under high actinic light decreased linearly in both types of stress, although in a more pronounced way under rapid stress. A similar variation in photochemical quenching suggests that the decrease of ΔF/F m is mainly due to the closure of PSII reaction centres. The non-photochemical quenching did not change significantly except under severe dehydration indicating that the energization state of thylakoids remained stable under stress. The decrease observed in photosynthetic pigments may be an adaptation to stress rather than a limiting factor to photosynthesis. Results suggests that, although intrinsic mesophyll metabolic inhibitions occur, stomatal limitation to CO 2 diffusion is the main reason for the decrease in photosynthesis.

  • Photosynthesis in the water‐stressed C4 grass Setaria sphacelata is mainly limited by stomata with both rapidly and slowly imposed water deficits
    Physiologia Plantarum, 2004
    Co-Authors: Jorge Marques Da Silva, Maria Celeste Arrabaca
    Abstract:

    A comparison of the effects of a rapid and a slowly imposed water deficit on photosynthesis was performed in Setaria sphacelata var. splendida (Stapf) Clayton, a C 4 NADP-ME grass. Gas exchange was measured in rapidly and slowly dehydrated adult leaves either under atmospheric CO 2 partial pressure with an infrared gas analyser or under saturating CO 2 partial pressure with a leaf disc oxygen electrode. These measurements were used to calculate stomatal and non-stomatal limitations to photosynthesis. These were further investigated using modulated chlorophyll a fluorescence measurements and photosynthetic pigment quantification. The decrease of net photosynthesis, leaf conductance and water use efficiency was more pronounced under rapid stress than in slow stress. However, photosynthesis is always mainly limited by stomata in both types of stress, albeit the contribution of non-stomatal limitations increases at severe water deficits in slow stress experiments. The substomatal CO 2 partial pressure significantly increased in both types of stress, suggesting an increased resistance due to an internal barrier to CO 2 diffusion. Physical alterations in the structure of the intercellular spaces due to leaf shrinkage may account for these results. The maximal photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) was remarkably resistant to stress, as the F v / F m ratio decreased only at severe water deficit. On the contrary, the effective photochemical efficiency of PSII (ΔF/F m ) measured under high actinic light decreased linearly in both types of stress, although in a more pronounced way under rapid stress. A similar variation in photochemical quenching suggests that the decrease of ΔF/F m is mainly due to the closure of PSII reaction centres. The non-photochemical quenching did not change significantly except under severe dehydration indicating that the energization state of thylakoids remained stable under stress. The decrease observed in photosynthetic pigments may be an adaptation to stress rather than a limiting factor to photosynthesis. Results suggests that, although intrinsic mesophyll metabolic inhibitions occur, stomatal limitation to CO 2 diffusion is the main reason for the decrease in photosynthesis.

  • contributions of soluble carbohydrates to the osmotic adjustment in the c4 grass Setaria sphacelata a comparison between rapidly and slowly imposed water stress
    Journal of Plant Physiology, 2004
    Co-Authors: Jorge Marques Da Silva, Maria Celeste Arrabaca
    Abstract:

    Summary Photosynthetic carbohydrate content in Setaria sphacelata var. splendida under rapidly and slowly induced water deficit and its contribution to osmotic adjustment were studied. In short-term stress experiments, a decrease in the total content of sucrose (Su) and starch (St) was observed in leaf discs submitted to stress. An increase in the ratio between free hexoses and sucrose was found in stressed leaves, but no significant differences were found in the amount of free hexoses nor in the ratio between soluble and insoluble sugars. In long-term stress experiments, a higher amount of soluble sugars and a lower amount of starch were found in stressed leaves, when compared to the control. The ratios of free hexoses to sucrose and of soluble to insoluble sugars were also higher in stressed leaves. The contribution of the accumulation of soluble sugars to osmotic adjustment was absent in rapidly stressed leaves and was of minor importance in slowly stressed leaves.

  • effect of rapid dehydration on the activity of pepc from the c4 grass Setaria sphacelata
    Science Access, 2001
    Co-Authors: Jorge Marques Da Silva, Maria Celeste Arrabaca
    Abstract:

    Plants of Setaria sphacelata were grown in soil in a phytotron under a PPFD of 400 m mol m-2s-1 25/18 oC (day/night) temperature. Young fully expanded leaves were excised and allowed to be rapidly dehydrated by exposure to the phytotron atmosphere. Relative water content (RWC) was monitored in a parallel sample, and leaf fragments at different RWC were frozen in liquid nitrogen. Leaf samples were later ground for enzyme extraction. PEPC activity was measured spectrophotometrically. Both the maximal and the physiological PEPC activities decreased approximately 80% as the RWC decreased from full-saturation to 60%, when expressed on dry weight, soluble protein and chlorophyll bases. At lower RWC there appears to be a partial recovery of both activities. As maximal activity decreased more than the physiological activity a linear increase of the % of activation was observed under stress, from 40% at full water content to 60% at the more severe stress measured. The decrease of maximal activities suggests a lower amount of PEPC protein in stressed samples, due to enzyme degradation or to the dissociation of the tetrameric complex. The increase of the % of activation with decreasing RWC suggests that in stress conditions the enzyme is more phosphorylated. Possible mechanisms will be discussed.

  • effects of rapidly and slowly induced water deficit on the partition of photoassimilates in Setaria sphacelata c 4
    1998
    Co-Authors: Jorge Marques Da Silva, Celeste M Arrabaca
    Abstract:

    Water deficit not only decreases photosynthetic metabolism, but also changes the partition of photoassitnilates [1]. The aim of this work was to study the changes in carbon metabolism in Setaria sphacelata var. splendida (Stapf) Clayton, a tropical African C4 grass, under rapidly and slowly induced water deficit.

Mira Delima - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • kandungan protein kasar dan serat kasar rumput Setaria Setaria sphacelata dengan aplikasi mikoriza arbuskula pada level berbeda
    Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian, 2017
    Co-Authors: Ria Sagita, Asril Asril, Mira Delima
    Abstract:

    Abstrak . Suatu penelitian tentang efektivitas mikoriza arbuskula terhadap kandungan nutrisi rumput Setaria ( Setaria sphacelata) telah dilakukan di Laboratorium Lapangan Peternakan (LLP) yang terletak di Jalan Utama Gampong Rukoh dan Laboratorium Ilmu Nutrisi dan Teknologi Pakan Prodi Peternakan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kualamulai dari bulan Januari 2017 hingga Juli 2017. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan protein kasar dan serat kasar rumput Setaria yang diberi mikoriza arbuskula. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri atas 4 perlakuan dengan 5 ulangan. Perlakuan L0 adalah perlakuan kontrol/tanpa pemberian mikoriza arbuskula, perlakuan L1 adalah perlakuan dengan pemberian 5 gr mikoriza arbuskula per rumpun, perlakuan L2 adalah perlakuan dengan pemberian 10 gr mikoriza arbuskula per rumpun, sedangkan perlakuan L3 adalah perlakuan dengan pemberian 15 gr mikoriza arbuskula per rumpun. Parameter yang diukur adalah kadar protein kasar dan serat kasar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi mikoriza arbuskula berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01)  terhadap kandungan protein kasar dan serat kasar rumput Setaria. The Crude Protein and Crude Fiber Content of Setaria sphacelata with Different Level of Arbuscular Mychorrizal Application Abstract. A research regarding the effectivity of arbuscular mycorrhizal applied on Setaria (Setaria sphacelata) grass was conducted at Field Laboratory Peternakan (LLP) located onJalan UtamaGampong Rukoh and at Nutritional ScienceandFeed Technology Laboratory, Department of Animal Husbandry Faculty of Agriculture Syiah Kuala University. The research had been conducted from January to July 2017. The objective of the research was to findthe crude protein and crude fiber content of Setaria sphacelata forage plant on which applied with different level of arbuscular mychorrizal. Completely Randomized Design was used in this research consists of four treatments (L0 = control/0 gr arbuscular mycorrhizal applied per clumps, L1 = 5 gr arbuscular mycorrhizal applied per clumps, L2 = 10 gr arbuscular mycorrhizal applied per clumps, and L3 = 15 gr arbuscular mycorrhizal applied per clumps), and five replications. Crude protein and crude fiber content were the parameter estimated. Statistical analysis showed that there was highly significant effect (P<0,01) caused bythe treatments on crude protein and crude fiber content. The conclusion was that the different level of arbuscular mycorrhizal applied on Setaria grass indicated to different result.

  • produksi hijauan segar dan kadar bahan kering rumput Setaria Setaria sphacelata dengan aplikasi mikoriza arbuskula pada level berbeda
    Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian, 2017
    Co-Authors: Ulfa Purwati, Asril Asril, Mira Delima
    Abstract:

    Suatu penelitian tentang produksi hijauan segar dan kadar bahan kering rumput Setaria ( Setaria sphacelata) telah dilakukan di Laboratorium Lapangan Peternakan (LLP) yang terletak di Jalan Utama Gampong Rukoh dan Laboratorium Ilmu Nutrisi dan Teknologi Pakan Prodi Peternakan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala mulai dari bulan Februari 2017 hingga April 2017. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian mikoriza arbuskula terhadap produksi hijauan segar dan kadar bahan kering rumput Setaria ( Setaria sphacelata) . Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri atas 4 perlakuan dengan 5 ulangan. Perlakuan L0 adalah perlakuan kontrol/tanpa pemberian mikoriza arbuskula, perlakuan L1 adalah perlakuan dengan pemberian 5 gr mikoriza arbuskula per rumpun, perlakuan L2 adalah perlakuan dengan pemberian 10 gr mikoriza arbuskula per rumpun, sedangkan  perlakuan L3 adalah perlakuan dengan pemberian 15 gr mikoriza arbuskula per rumpun. Parameter yang diukur adalah produksi hijauan segar dan kadar bahan kering. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian mikoriza arbuskula tidak berpengaruh (P>0,05)  terhadap produksi hijauan segar dan kadar bahan kering. Fresh Forages Production and Dry Matter Content of Setaria (Setaria sphacelata) with Different Level of Arbuscular Mycorrizal Application A research concerning fresh forages production and dry matter content of Setaria ( Setaria sphacelata ) grass with different level of arbuscular mycorrizal application was conducted at Field Laboratory Peternakan (LLP) located on Jalan Utama Gampong Rukoh and at Nutritional Science and Feed Technology Laboratory, Department of Animal Husbandry Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University.  The research had been conducted from February until April 2017. The objective of the research was to find the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal application toward fresh forages production and dry matter content of Setaria grass. Completely Randomized Design was used in this research consists of four treatments (L0 = 0 gr arbuscular mycorrhizal applied per clumps (control), L1 = 5 gr arbuscular mycorrhizal applied per clumps, L2 = 10 gr arbuscular mycorrhizal applied per clumps, and L3 = 15 gr arbuscular mycorrhizal applied per clumps), and five replications. Fresh forages production and dry matter content were the parameter determined. Statistical analysis result indicated that there was no significant effect (P>0.05) caused by the treatments on fresh forages production and dry matter content. Therefore, the conclusion of this research was that all level of arbuscular mycorrhizal applied had no effect on Setaria grass fresh production and dry matter content. A research concerning fresh forages production and dry matter content of Setaria ( Setaria sphacelata ) grass with different level of arbuscular mycorrizal application was conducted at Field Laboratory Peternakan (LLP) located on Jalan Utama Gampong Rukoh and at Nutritional Science and Feed Technology Laboratory, Department of Animal Husbandry Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University.  The research had been conducted from February until April 2017. The objective of the research was to find the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal application toward fresh forages production and dry matter content of Setaria grass. Completely Randomized Design was used in this research consists of four treatments (L0 = 0 gr arbuscular mycorrhizal applied per clumps (control), L1 = 5 gr arbuscular mycorrhizal applied per clumps, L2 = 10 gr arbuscular mycorrhizal applied per clumps, and L3 = 15 gr arbuscular mycorrhizal applied per clumps), and five replications. Fresh forages production and dry matter content were the parameter determined. Statistical analysis result indicated that there was no significant effect (P>0.05) caused by the treatments on fresh forages production and dry matter content. Therefore, the conclusion of this research was that all level of arbuscular mycorrhizal applied had no effect on Setaria grass fresh production and dry matter content.

Ulfa Purwati - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • produksi hijauan segar dan kadar bahan kering rumput Setaria Setaria sphacelata dengan aplikasi mikoriza arbuskula pada level berbeda
    Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian, 2017
    Co-Authors: Ulfa Purwati, Asril Asril, Mira Delima
    Abstract:

    Suatu penelitian tentang produksi hijauan segar dan kadar bahan kering rumput Setaria ( Setaria sphacelata) telah dilakukan di Laboratorium Lapangan Peternakan (LLP) yang terletak di Jalan Utama Gampong Rukoh dan Laboratorium Ilmu Nutrisi dan Teknologi Pakan Prodi Peternakan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala mulai dari bulan Februari 2017 hingga April 2017. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian mikoriza arbuskula terhadap produksi hijauan segar dan kadar bahan kering rumput Setaria ( Setaria sphacelata) . Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri atas 4 perlakuan dengan 5 ulangan. Perlakuan L0 adalah perlakuan kontrol/tanpa pemberian mikoriza arbuskula, perlakuan L1 adalah perlakuan dengan pemberian 5 gr mikoriza arbuskula per rumpun, perlakuan L2 adalah perlakuan dengan pemberian 10 gr mikoriza arbuskula per rumpun, sedangkan  perlakuan L3 adalah perlakuan dengan pemberian 15 gr mikoriza arbuskula per rumpun. Parameter yang diukur adalah produksi hijauan segar dan kadar bahan kering. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian mikoriza arbuskula tidak berpengaruh (P>0,05)  terhadap produksi hijauan segar dan kadar bahan kering. Fresh Forages Production and Dry Matter Content of Setaria (Setaria sphacelata) with Different Level of Arbuscular Mycorrizal Application A research concerning fresh forages production and dry matter content of Setaria ( Setaria sphacelata ) grass with different level of arbuscular mycorrizal application was conducted at Field Laboratory Peternakan (LLP) located on Jalan Utama Gampong Rukoh and at Nutritional Science and Feed Technology Laboratory, Department of Animal Husbandry Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University.  The research had been conducted from February until April 2017. The objective of the research was to find the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal application toward fresh forages production and dry matter content of Setaria grass. Completely Randomized Design was used in this research consists of four treatments (L0 = 0 gr arbuscular mycorrhizal applied per clumps (control), L1 = 5 gr arbuscular mycorrhizal applied per clumps, L2 = 10 gr arbuscular mycorrhizal applied per clumps, and L3 = 15 gr arbuscular mycorrhizal applied per clumps), and five replications. Fresh forages production and dry matter content were the parameter determined. Statistical analysis result indicated that there was no significant effect (P>0.05) caused by the treatments on fresh forages production and dry matter content. Therefore, the conclusion of this research was that all level of arbuscular mycorrhizal applied had no effect on Setaria grass fresh production and dry matter content. A research concerning fresh forages production and dry matter content of Setaria ( Setaria sphacelata ) grass with different level of arbuscular mycorrizal application was conducted at Field Laboratory Peternakan (LLP) located on Jalan Utama Gampong Rukoh and at Nutritional Science and Feed Technology Laboratory, Department of Animal Husbandry Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University.  The research had been conducted from February until April 2017. The objective of the research was to find the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal application toward fresh forages production and dry matter content of Setaria grass. Completely Randomized Design was used in this research consists of four treatments (L0 = 0 gr arbuscular mycorrhizal applied per clumps (control), L1 = 5 gr arbuscular mycorrhizal applied per clumps, L2 = 10 gr arbuscular mycorrhizal applied per clumps, and L3 = 15 gr arbuscular mycorrhizal applied per clumps), and five replications. Fresh forages production and dry matter content were the parameter determined. Statistical analysis result indicated that there was no significant effect (P>0.05) caused by the treatments on fresh forages production and dry matter content. Therefore, the conclusion of this research was that all level of arbuscular mycorrhizal applied had no effect on Setaria grass fresh production and dry matter content.

  • pengaruh pemberian mikoriza arbuskula terhadap produksi hijauan segar dan kadar bahan kering rumput Setaria Setaria sphacelata
    ETD Unsyiah, 2017
    Co-Authors: Ulfa Purwati
    Abstract:

    Ulfa Purwati. 1305104010040. Pengaruh Pemberian Mikoriza Arbuskula Terhadap Produksi Hijauan Segar dan Kadar Bahan Kering Rumput Setaria (Setaria sphacelata) di bawah bimbingan Mira Delima sebagai ketua dan Asril sebagai anggota. RINGKASAN Pada umumnya, petani peternak di pedesaan memberi pakan ternaknya berupa rumput yang tumbuh secara alami. Peningkatan produktivitas ternak yang optimal dengan pemberian pakan rumput alami akan sulit dicapai dikarenakan kualitas rumput tersebut rendah. Salah satu usaha untuk meningkatkan produktivitas ternak dapat dilakukan dengan pemberian pakan berupa rumput unggul. Rumput Setaria (Setaria sphacelta) merupakan salah satu rumput pakan unggul yang mempunyai kualitas yang baik dilihat dari tingkat pertumbuhan, produktivitas hasil panen maupun nutrisi yang terkandung didalamnya. Dalam upaya optimalisasi produktivitas rumput Setaria, aplikasi pupuk hayati berupa mikoriza arbuskula dapat dilakukan pada saat penanaman. Mikoriza merupakan hubungan simbiosis mutualisme (saling menguntungkan) antara cendawan/jamur (myces) dengan perakaran (rhiza) tanaman. Prinsip kerja mikoriza adalah dengan menginfeksi sistem perakaran tanaman inang, memproduksi jalinan hifa secara intensif sehingga tanaman yang mengandung mikoriza mampu meningkatkan kapasitasnya dalam penyerapan unsur hara (Delvian, 2003). Mikoriza berfungsi dalam mendukung dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan serta jumlah akar, terutama akar serabut. Selain itu, mikoriza berfungsi pula sebagai pemicu kemampuan tanaman dalam peningkatan serapan hara tanah. Penyerapan unsur hara yang lebih optimal oleh tanaman yang ditambahkan mikoriza arbuskula, diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pula produktivitas tanaman seperti produksi segar dan kadar bahan keringnya. Oleh sebab itu perlu dilakukan penelitian mengenai produktivitas Setaria dengan pemberian fungi mikoriza arbuskula sebagai pupuk hayati (Fakuara, 1998). Kegiatan penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Lapangan Peternakan (LLP) yang terletak di Jalan Utama Gampong Rukoh, Darussalam, Banda Aceh. Pengujian sampel rumput Setaria dilakukan di Laboratorium Ilmu Nutrisi dan Teknologi Pakan Prodi Peternakan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala. Penelitian berlangsung selama 5 bulan dan dimulai dari bulan Februari 2017 hingga Juli 2017. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian mikoriza arbuskula terhadap produksi segar dan bahan kering rumput Setaria. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri atas 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Perlakuan penelitian terdiri dari perlakuan kontrol/tanpa pemberian mikoriza arbuskula (L0), pemberian 5 gr mikoriza arbuskula (L1), pemberian 10 gr mikoriza arbuskula (L2) dan pemberian 15 gr mikoriza arbuskula (L3). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh pemberian mikoriza arbuskula tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap produksi hijauan segar dan kadar bahan kering rumput Setaria (Setaria sphacelata). Hal tersebut diduga karena kandungan unsur hara P di dalam tanah sangat tinggi sehingga dapat menghambat perkembangan mikoriza pada akar rumput.

Ria Sagita - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • kandungan protein kasar dan serat kasar rumput Setaria Setaria sphacelata dengan aplikasi mikoriza arbuskula pada level berbeda
    Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian, 2017
    Co-Authors: Ria Sagita, Asril Asril, Mira Delima
    Abstract:

    Abstrak . Suatu penelitian tentang efektivitas mikoriza arbuskula terhadap kandungan nutrisi rumput Setaria ( Setaria sphacelata) telah dilakukan di Laboratorium Lapangan Peternakan (LLP) yang terletak di Jalan Utama Gampong Rukoh dan Laboratorium Ilmu Nutrisi dan Teknologi Pakan Prodi Peternakan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kualamulai dari bulan Januari 2017 hingga Juli 2017. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan protein kasar dan serat kasar rumput Setaria yang diberi mikoriza arbuskula. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri atas 4 perlakuan dengan 5 ulangan. Perlakuan L0 adalah perlakuan kontrol/tanpa pemberian mikoriza arbuskula, perlakuan L1 adalah perlakuan dengan pemberian 5 gr mikoriza arbuskula per rumpun, perlakuan L2 adalah perlakuan dengan pemberian 10 gr mikoriza arbuskula per rumpun, sedangkan perlakuan L3 adalah perlakuan dengan pemberian 15 gr mikoriza arbuskula per rumpun. Parameter yang diukur adalah kadar protein kasar dan serat kasar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi mikoriza arbuskula berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01)  terhadap kandungan protein kasar dan serat kasar rumput Setaria. The Crude Protein and Crude Fiber Content of Setaria sphacelata with Different Level of Arbuscular Mychorrizal Application Abstract. A research regarding the effectivity of arbuscular mycorrhizal applied on Setaria (Setaria sphacelata) grass was conducted at Field Laboratory Peternakan (LLP) located onJalan UtamaGampong Rukoh and at Nutritional ScienceandFeed Technology Laboratory, Department of Animal Husbandry Faculty of Agriculture Syiah Kuala University. The research had been conducted from January to July 2017. The objective of the research was to findthe crude protein and crude fiber content of Setaria sphacelata forage plant on which applied with different level of arbuscular mychorrizal. Completely Randomized Design was used in this research consists of four treatments (L0 = control/0 gr arbuscular mycorrhizal applied per clumps, L1 = 5 gr arbuscular mycorrhizal applied per clumps, L2 = 10 gr arbuscular mycorrhizal applied per clumps, and L3 = 15 gr arbuscular mycorrhizal applied per clumps), and five replications. Crude protein and crude fiber content were the parameter estimated. Statistical analysis showed that there was highly significant effect (P<0,01) caused bythe treatments on crude protein and crude fiber content. The conclusion was that the different level of arbuscular mycorrhizal applied on Setaria grass indicated to different result.

  • kandungan protein kasar dan serat kasar rumput Setaria Setaria sphacelata yang diaplikasikan dengan mikoriza arbuskula
    ETD Unsyiah, 2017
    Co-Authors: Ria Sagita
    Abstract:

    Pakan memiliki pengaruh yang cukup tinggi dalam menunjang produktivitas ternak. Pemanfaatan pakan untuk mendukung produktivitas ternak ruminansia pada umumnya dipengaruhi oleh kualitas, kuantitas dan kontinuitas pakan hijauan. Luas lahan yang semakin sempit, kondisi tanah yang minim unsur hara dan produksi hijauan yang dibatasi oleh musim menjadi kendala dalam penyediaan pakan hijauan yang berkualitas. Pemilihan jenis hijauan unggul dapat menjadi alternatif untuk memperbaiki penyediaan hijauan pakan ternak. Salah satu rumput unggul yang dapat dipilih adalah rumput Setaria (Setaria sphacelata). Setaria sphacelata disebut sebagai rumput unggul karena mempunyai kualitas yang baik untuk hijauan pakan, hal ini dapat dilihat dari tingkat pertumbuhan, produktivitas hasil panen maupun nutrisi yang terkandung di dalamnya. Produksi berat segar rumput Setaria mencapai 100-110 ton/ha/tahun. Nilai nutrisi yang terkandung dalam rumput Setaria adalah protein kasar 6-7 %, serat kasar 42,0 %, Bahan Ekstrak Tanpa Nitrogen (BETN) 36,1% dan lemak 2,8%. Rumput ini tidak hanya sebagai rumput potong untuk pakan ternak, namun dapat juga digunakan sebagai rumput padang penggembalaan karena sifatnya yang tahan injakan. Upaya untuk meningkatkan kualitas dan kuantitas dari rumput Setaria dapat dilakukan beberapa perlakuan dalam penanaman rumput. Salah satunya adalah dengan menambahkan suatu bahan organik yang dapat meningkatkan penyerapan unsur hara oleh akar tanaman, seperti mikoriza arbuskula. Fungi mikoriza arbuskula memiliki hubungan simbiosis mutualisme dengan akar tanaman. Pada hubungan ini tanaman akan menerima unsur hara berkat bantuan dari cendawan, sedangkan cendawan itu sendiri menerima senyawa C dari hasil fotosintesis. Kegiatan penelitian ini akan dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Lapangan Peternakan (LLP) yang terletak di Jalan Utama Gampong Rukoh, Darussalam, Banda Aceh. Pengujian sampel rumput Setaria sphacelata dilakukan di Laboratorium Ilmu Nutrisi dan Teknologi Pakan Prodi Peternakan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala. Penelitian berlangsung selama 5 bulan, dimulai dari bulan Februari 2017 hingga Juli 2017. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi mikoriza arbuskula terhadap kandungan protein kasar dan serat kasar rumput Setaria (Setaria sphacelata). Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri atas 4 perlakuan yaitu kontrol/tanpa pemberian mikoriza arbuskula (L0), pemberian 5 g mikoriza arbuskula/rumpun (L1), pemberian 10 g mikoriza arbuskula/rumpun (L2) dan pemberian 15 g mikoriza arbuskula/rumpun (L3). Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 5 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh pemberian mikoriza arbuskula berpengaruh sangat nyata (P