The Experts below are selected from a list of 16485 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Mark E. Olver - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Sex Offender treatment outcome actuarial risk and the aging Sex Offender in canadian corrections a long term follow up
Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 2013Co-Authors: Mark E. Olver, Stephen C. P. Wong, Terry P. NicholaichukAbstract:The present study is an examination of Sex Offender treatment outcome in a large national cohort of Canadian Federally incarcerated Sex Offenders followed up an average of 11.7 years postrelease. A brief actuarial risk scale (BARS), which predicted Sexual and violent recidivism, was created for the purposes of the present study to control for risk-related differences between treated and untreated Offenders. In total, 732 Offenders were identified as having completed (n = 625) or not attended (n = 107) a Sex Offender treatment program and for whom sufficient information was available to complete the scale. Controlling for risk and individual differences in follow-up time using Cox regression survival analyses and an 8-year fixed follow-up period, treated Sex Offenders demonstrated significantly lower rates of violent, but not Sexual, recidivism. When the treated and untreated groups were stratified by risk level, significant differences were observed only among moderate or high risk Offenders. Some significant group differences also emerged on indicators of recidivism severity, with treated Offenders demonstrating slower times to Sexual reoffense and lower scores on a quantified metric of Sexual and violent recidivism severity after controlling for risk. Differences in recidivism base rates between treated and untreated Offenders were also larger in magnitude for younger Offenders (i.e., under age 50 at release), than for older Offenders; however, interactions between age and treatment were not found. The findings are consistent with the risk principle and have possible implications regarding the dynamic nature of Sexual violence risk. Language: en
-
Sex Offender treatment outcome actuarial risk and the aging Sex Offender in canadian corrections a long term follow up
Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 2013Co-Authors: Mark E. Olver, Stephen C. P. Wong, Terry P. NicholaichukAbstract:The present study is an examination of Sex Offender treatment outcome in a large national cohort of Canadian Federally incarcerated Sex Offenders followed up an average of 11.7 years postrelease. A brief actuarial risk scale (BARS), which predicted Sexual and violent recidivism, was created for the purposes of the present study to control for risk-related differences between treated and untreated Offenders. In total, 732 Offenders were identified as having completed (n = 625) or not attended (n = 107) a Sex Offender treatment program and for whom sufficient information was available to complete the scale. Controlling for risk and individual differences in follow-up time using Cox regression survival analyses and an 8-year fixed follow-up period, treated Sex Offenders demonstrated significantly lower rates of violent, but not Sexual, recidivism. When the treated and untreated groups were stratified by risk level, significant differences were observed only among moderate or high risk Offenders. Some significant group differences also emerged on indicators of recidivism severity, with treated Offenders demonstrating slower times to Sexual reoffense and lower scores on a quantified metric of Sexual and violent recidivism severity after controlling for risk. Differences in recidivism base rates between treated and untreated Offenders were also larger in magnitude for younger Offenders (i.e., under age 50 at release), than for older Offenders; however, interactions between age and treatment were not found. The findings are consistent with the risk principle and have possible implications regarding the dynamic nature of Sexual violence risk.
-
A description and research review of the Clearwater Sex Offender Treatment Programme
Psychology Crime & Law, 2013Co-Authors: Mark E. Olver, Stephen C. P. WongAbstract:Abstract This article provides a description and research review of an in-patient Sex Offender treatment programme, the Clearwater Sex Offender Treatment Programme, over its history of more than two decades of operation at the Regional Psychiatric Centre (RPC) in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. We begin by reviewing the Clearwater Programme referral criteria and mandate, its methods of assessment and evaluation and the programme content, structure, treatment philosophy and model of change. A review of applied research undertakings of the Clearwater Programme follows, including past treatment outcome evaluations, examinations of therapeutic change and attention to responsivity considerations (e.g. treatment attrition). We finish with some conclusions, comment on programmatic developments taken by the Clearwater Programme and anticipated future research directions.
-
Predictors of Sex Offender treatment dropout: Psychopathy, Sex Offender risk, and responsivity implications.
Psychology Crime & Law, 2011Co-Authors: Mark E. Olver, Steve WongAbstract:Abstract We examined Sex Offender treatment dropout predictors, in particular, the relationship of psychopathy and Sex Offender risk to treatment dropout in a sample of 154 federally incarcerated Sex Offenders treated in a high intensity Sex Offender treatment program. Demographic, criminal history, mental health and treatment-related data as well as data on risk assessment measures including the Static 99, Violence Risk Scale – Sexual Offender version (VRS-SO), and Psychopathy Checklist – Revised (PCL-R) were collected. Logistic regression and discriminant function analyses were used to identify predictors that made significant and unique contributions to dropout among all the variables under study. The Emotional facet of Factor 1 of the PCL-R and never being married were found to be the most salient predictors of treatment dropout and correctly identified about 70% of the cases. The implications of the findings for managing treatment dropout and for the treatment of psychopathic Offenders are discussed.
Stephen C. P. Wong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Sex Offender treatment outcome actuarial risk and the aging Sex Offender in canadian corrections a long term follow up
Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 2013Co-Authors: Mark E. Olver, Stephen C. P. Wong, Terry P. NicholaichukAbstract:The present study is an examination of Sex Offender treatment outcome in a large national cohort of Canadian Federally incarcerated Sex Offenders followed up an average of 11.7 years postrelease. A brief actuarial risk scale (BARS), which predicted Sexual and violent recidivism, was created for the purposes of the present study to control for risk-related differences between treated and untreated Offenders. In total, 732 Offenders were identified as having completed (n = 625) or not attended (n = 107) a Sex Offender treatment program and for whom sufficient information was available to complete the scale. Controlling for risk and individual differences in follow-up time using Cox regression survival analyses and an 8-year fixed follow-up period, treated Sex Offenders demonstrated significantly lower rates of violent, but not Sexual, recidivism. When the treated and untreated groups were stratified by risk level, significant differences were observed only among moderate or high risk Offenders. Some significant group differences also emerged on indicators of recidivism severity, with treated Offenders demonstrating slower times to Sexual reoffense and lower scores on a quantified metric of Sexual and violent recidivism severity after controlling for risk. Differences in recidivism base rates between treated and untreated Offenders were also larger in magnitude for younger Offenders (i.e., under age 50 at release), than for older Offenders; however, interactions between age and treatment were not found. The findings are consistent with the risk principle and have possible implications regarding the dynamic nature of Sexual violence risk.
-
Sex Offender treatment outcome actuarial risk and the aging Sex Offender in canadian corrections a long term follow up
Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 2013Co-Authors: Mark E. Olver, Stephen C. P. Wong, Terry P. NicholaichukAbstract:The present study is an examination of Sex Offender treatment outcome in a large national cohort of Canadian Federally incarcerated Sex Offenders followed up an average of 11.7 years postrelease. A brief actuarial risk scale (BARS), which predicted Sexual and violent recidivism, was created for the purposes of the present study to control for risk-related differences between treated and untreated Offenders. In total, 732 Offenders were identified as having completed (n = 625) or not attended (n = 107) a Sex Offender treatment program and for whom sufficient information was available to complete the scale. Controlling for risk and individual differences in follow-up time using Cox regression survival analyses and an 8-year fixed follow-up period, treated Sex Offenders demonstrated significantly lower rates of violent, but not Sexual, recidivism. When the treated and untreated groups were stratified by risk level, significant differences were observed only among moderate or high risk Offenders. Some significant group differences also emerged on indicators of recidivism severity, with treated Offenders demonstrating slower times to Sexual reoffense and lower scores on a quantified metric of Sexual and violent recidivism severity after controlling for risk. Differences in recidivism base rates between treated and untreated Offenders were also larger in magnitude for younger Offenders (i.e., under age 50 at release), than for older Offenders; however, interactions between age and treatment were not found. The findings are consistent with the risk principle and have possible implications regarding the dynamic nature of Sexual violence risk. Language: en
-
A description and research review of the Clearwater Sex Offender Treatment Programme
Psychology Crime & Law, 2013Co-Authors: Mark E. Olver, Stephen C. P. WongAbstract:Abstract This article provides a description and research review of an in-patient Sex Offender treatment programme, the Clearwater Sex Offender Treatment Programme, over its history of more than two decades of operation at the Regional Psychiatric Centre (RPC) in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. We begin by reviewing the Clearwater Programme referral criteria and mandate, its methods of assessment and evaluation and the programme content, structure, treatment philosophy and model of change. A review of applied research undertakings of the Clearwater Programme follows, including past treatment outcome evaluations, examinations of therapeutic change and attention to responsivity considerations (e.g. treatment attrition). We finish with some conclusions, comment on programmatic developments taken by the Clearwater Programme and anticipated future research directions.
Amanda Y. Agan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Sex Offender Registries: Fear without Function?
The Journal of Law and Economics, 2011Co-Authors: Amanda Y. AganAbstract:AbstractI use three separate data sets and designs to determine whether Sex Offender registries are effective. First, I use state-level panel data to determine whether Sex Offender registries and public access to them decrease the rate of rape and other Sexual abuse. Second, I use a data set that contains information on the subsequent arrests of Sex Offenders released from prison in 1994 in 15 states to determine whether registries reduce the recidivism rate of Offenders required to register compared with the recidivism of those who are not. Finally, I combine data on locations of crimes in Washington, D.C., with data on locations of registered Sex Offenders to determine whether knowing the locations of Sex Offenders in a region helps predict the locations of Sexual abuse. The results from all three data sets do not support the hypothesis that Sex Offender registries are effective tools for increasing public safety.
-
Sex Offender Registries: Fear Without Function?
Social Science Research Network, 2008Co-Authors: Amanda Y. AganAbstract:I use three separate datasets and designs to determine whether Sex Offender registries are effective. First, state-level panel data is used to determine whether Sex Offender registries or public access to them decreases the rate of rape and other Sexual abuse. Second, a dataset which contains information on the subsequent arrests of Sex Offenders released from prison in 1994 in 15 states is used to determine if registries reduce the recidivism rate of Offenders required to register compared with those who do not. Finally, I combine data on locations of crimes in Washington, D.C. with data on locations of registered Sex Offenders to determine whether knowing the location of Sex Offenders in a region help predict the locations of Sexual abuse. The results from all three datasets do not support the hypothesis that Sex Offender registries are effective tools for increasing public safety.
Jill S. Levenson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Sex Offender Management Policies and Evidence-Based Recommendations for Registry Reform
Current Psychiatry Reports, 2018Co-Authors: Jill S. LevensonAbstract:Purpose of Review The goal of this paper is to improve evidence-based Sex Offender management systems through an understanding of the research findings related to the stated goals and unintended consequences of such laws. Recent Findings Assessment tools using factors derived from research studies can improve the identification of higher-risk Sex Offenders, so that more intensive or restrictive interventions can be tailored to those who pose the highest threat to community safety. After substantial time offense-free in the community, even higher-risk Offenders become less likely to reoffend, suggesting that registration durations can be modified to utilize resources more efficiently. Summary Several strategies for applying the evidence base to inform the utility, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness of Sex Offender policies include (1) use of empirically derived risk assessment tools to classify Offenders and modify registration requirements accordingly, (2) removal of juveniles from registries; and (3) elimination of residence restrictions.
-
Sex Offender RESIDENCE RESTRICTIONS • 59 * Sex Offender Residence Restrictions: Unintended Consequences and Community Reentry
2015Co-Authors: Jill S. Levenson, Andrea L. HernAbstract:Many states and hundreds of local municipalities have passed zoning laws prohibit-ing Sex Offenders from living within close proximity to schools, parks, playgrounds, day care centers, and other places where children congregate. The purpose of this study was to investigate the positive and negative, intended and unintended conse-quences of residence restrictions on Sex Offenders. Results indicate that residence restrictions create housing instability for many Offenders and limited accessibility to employment opportunities, social services, and social support. Young adult offend-ers were especially impacted because residence restrictions limited affordable hous-ing options and often prevented them from living with family members. Implications for policy development and implementation are discussed. The authors extend thanks to Darren Allen of Lynn University for his assistance with data entry, and to Liberty Health Care Corporation for allowing their Sex Offender treat-ment programs to participate in data collection
-
Déjà vu: from Furby to Långström and the evaluation of Sex Offender treatment effectiveness
Journal of Sexual Aggression, 2014Co-Authors: Jill S. Levenson, David S. PrescottAbstract:The notion that Sex Offender treatment does not work fuels public outrage and demands for protective legislation. This paper will respond to a recent meta-analysis reporting major weaknesses in research designs that preclude drawing conclusions about the effectiveness of Sex Offender treatment. Methodological and ethical challenges exist in the investigation of counselling interventions in general and Sex Offender treatment specifically, and we argue that the medicalization of psychotherapy research may have inherent flaws. Alternatives to dichotomous recidivism outcomes are proposed, including harm reduction measures and reduction of maladaptive behaviours. Future clinical directions for Sex Offender treatment are explored, including application of risk-needs-responsivity models, a focus on process as well as content and incorporation of principles of trauma-informed care.
-
Incorporating trauma-informed care into evidence-based Sex Offender treatment
Journal of Sexual Aggression, 2014Co-Authors: Jill S. LevensonAbstract:AbstractAs we move forward in the field of Sex Offender treatment, clinicians should consider incorporating principles of trauma-informed care (TIC) into evidence-based Sex Offender treatment models. Early adverse experiences are prevalent in the general population and more so in criminal and Sex Offender populations. Early trauma paves the way for maladaptive coping and interpersonal deficits, which can lead to abusive behaviour. Content-oriented Sex Offender treatment models emphasising cognitive-behavioural skills should integrate process-oriented components that address the ways in which early trauma shapes adult cognitions and behaviour. Relational approaches to therapy can enhance clients' interpersonal skills and improve general well-being. This type of personal growth would be expected to mitigate future offending as the client adopts and successfully practices healthier, non-destructive strategies for meeting emotional needs.
-
Sex Offender treatment is not punishment
Journal of Sexual Aggression, 2010Co-Authors: David S. Prescott, Jill S. LevensonAbstract:The treatment of Sexual Offenders can be fraught with ethical dilemmas. Practitioners must balance the therapeutic needs of Sex Offender clients alongside the risks they might pose to others. These ethical challenges include balancing community safety with the rights of the Offender, the privileged therapeutic relationship and the potential for coerced treatment. In this paper, we respond to Glaser's argument that treatment is punishment and that Sex Offender treatment providers breach ethical codes by violating confidentiality, engaging in coercion, and ultimately causing harm to clients. We first consider whether Sex Offender treatment is indeed punishment. We argue that it is not, and that mandated treatment can and should be conducted in a fashion consistent with professional codes of ethics familiar to mental health providers. We then discuss the human rights model, which we agree is an essential lens through which to view the psychological treatment of Sexual Offenders. We attempt, as have other scholars, to illustrate the ways in which human rights principles intersect with traditional mental health codes of ethics particularly in the case of Sex Offender treatment. We conclude that Sex Offender treatment can be conducted ethically, that treatment differs from punishment in clear and distinct ways, and that ethical treatment conforms to a human rights perspective.
Kevin D. Browne - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
appraising the risk matrix 2000 static Sex Offender risk assessment tool
International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 2015Co-Authors: Ruth J. Tully, Kevin D. BrowneAbstract:This critical appraisal explores the reliability and validity of the Risk Matrix 2000 static Sex Offender risk assessment tool that is widely used in the United Kingdom. The Risk Matrix 2000 has to some extent been empirically validated for use with adult male Sex Offenders; however, this review highlights that further research into the validity of this static tool with Sex Offender subgroups or types is necessary in order to improve practical utility. The Risk Matrix 2000 relies on static risk predictors, thus it is limited in scope. This article argues that the addition of dynamic items that have been shown to be predictive of Sexual recidivism would further enhance the tool. The paper argues that adding dynamic risk items would fit better with a rehabilitative approach to Sex Offender risk management and assessment. This would also provide a means by which to effectively plan Sex Offender treatment and evaluate individual Offenders’ progress in treatment; however, difficulties remain in identifying and...
-
appraising the risk matrix 2000 static Sex Offender risk assessment tool
International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 2015Co-Authors: Ruth J. Tully, Kevin D. BrowneAbstract:This critical appraisal explores the reliability and validity of the Risk Matrix 2000 static Sex Offender risk assessment tool that is widely used in the United Kingdom. The Risk Matrix 2000 has to some extent been empirically validated for use with adult male Sex Offenders; however, this review highlights that further research into the validity of this static tool with Sex Offender subgroups or types is necessary in order to improve practical utility. The Risk Matrix 2000 relies on static risk predictors, thus it is limited in scope. This article argues that the addition of dynamic items that have been shown to be predictive of Sexual recidivism would further enhance the tool. The paper argues that adding dynamic risk items would fit better with a rehabilitative approach to Sex Offender risk management and assessment. This would also provide a means by which to effectively plan Sex Offender treatment and evaluate individual Offenders' progress in treatment; however, difficulties remain in identifying and assessing dynamic risk factors of Sexual offending and so further research is required.
