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Hussin Kamarudin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the effect of Silane Treatment on processing characteristic and swelling behavior of polypropylene recycled acrylonitrile butadiene rubber rice husk powder composites
Key Engineering Materials, 2011Co-Authors: Santiagoo Ragunathan, Hanafi Ismail, Hussin KamarudinAbstract:The effect of Silane Treatment on processing characteristic and swelling behavior of recycled acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBRr)/polypropylene (PP)/rice husk powder (RHP) composites has been studied. Polypropylene/recycled acrylonitrile butadiene rubber/rice husk powder (PP/NBRr/RHP) composite were prepared by melt mixing technique at 180o C for 9 minutes and 50rpm rotor speed using an internal mixer. Five different composites compositions (70/30/0, 7030/5, 70/30/10, 70/30/15 and 70/30/30), with Silane treated RHP (treated) and without Silane Treatment RHP (untreated) was studied. The specimens were analyzed for swelling behavior with ASTM oil No.3 and processing torque of composites was obtained during composite preparation. The results showed that swelling percentage for both composites increased with NBRr content. However the treated composites exhibited lower swelling characteristics. Processing torque of both composites also showed higher torque reading with increasing NBRr content. However the treated composite with Silane exhibited much higher torque value for similar composition composites. Better interaction between RHP filler and PP/NBRr matrixs was obtained with treated composites.
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The Effect of Silane Treatment on Tensile Properties and Morphology of Polypropylene/Recycled Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber/Rice Husk Powder Composites
Key Engineering Materials, 2011Co-Authors: Santiagoo Ragunathan, Hanafi Ismail, Hussin KamarudinAbstract:The effect of Silane Treatment on tensile properties and morphology of recycled acrylonitrile butadiene rubber(NBRr)/polypropylene(PP)/rice husk powder(RHP) composites has been studied. Polypropylene/recycled acrylonitrile butadiene rubber/rice husk powder (PP/NBRr/RHP) composite were prepared by melt mixing technique at 180o C for 9 minutes and 50rpm rotor speed using an internal mixer. Five different composites compositions (70/30/0, 7030/5, 70/30/10, 70/30/15 and 70/30/30), with Silane treated RHP(treated) and without Silane Treatment(untreated) was studied. The specimens were analyzed by different techniques i.e. tensile test and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The result obtained showed lower tensile properties with increasing amount of NBRr content. Lower tensile strength and tensile modulus was exhibited with increasing NBRr content. However higher tensile strength, greater tensile modulus and lower elongation at break in PP/NBRr/RHP was exhibited for Silane treated RHP composites compare with untreated RHP. PP/NBRr/RHP composite was found to become more brittle with strong attachment between PP/NBR matrix and RHP filler with Silane Treatment. Good adhesion between Silane treated RHP filler and PP/NBRr matrix was confirmed by the morphological studies.
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The Effect of Silane Treatment on Processing Characteristic and Swelling Behavior of Polypropylene/Recycled Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber/Rice Husk Powder Composites
Key Engineering Materials, 2011Co-Authors: Santiagoo Ragunathan, Hanafi Ismail, Hussin KamarudinAbstract:The effect of Silane Treatment on processing characteristic and swelling behavior of recycled acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBRr)/polypropylene (PP)/rice husk powder (RHP) composites has been studied. Polypropylene/recycled acrylonitrile butadiene rubber/rice husk powder (PP/NBRr/RHP) composite were prepared by melt mixing technique at 180o C for 9 minutes and 50rpm rotor speed using an internal mixer. Five different composites compositions (70/30/0, 7030/5, 70/30/10, 70/30/15 and 70/30/30), with Silane treated RHP (treated) and without Silane Treatment RHP (untreated) was studied. The specimens were analyzed for swelling behavior with ASTM oil No.3 and processing torque of composites was obtained during composite preparation. The results showed that swelling percentage for both composites increased with NBRr content. However the treated composites exhibited lower swelling characteristics. Processing torque of both composites also showed higher torque reading with increasing NBRr content. However the treated composite with Silane exhibited much higher torque value for similar composition composites. Better interaction between RHP filler and PP/NBRr matrixs was obtained with treated composites.
Soo-jin Park - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of Mercapto-Terminated Silane Treatment on Rheological and Mechanical Properties of Rice Bran Carbon-Reinforced Nitrile Butadiene Rubber Composites
Macromolecular Research, 2018Co-Authors: Yinhang Zhang, Soo-jin ParkAbstract:This paper aims at correlating the Silane Treatment of rice bran carbon (RBC) in nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) matrix with the rheological properties of RBC/NBR composites. The surface morphology and structure of RBC were characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM), Raman spectroscopy, and adsorption analysis. The RBC/NBR polymer-matrix composites were fabricated by using the latex compounding technique, based on the superior hydrophilic characteristics of RBC. The Silane Treatment process was conducted by in situ interfacial modification technique. The dispersion of RBC and the interfacial morphologies between the RBC and NBR matrix were confirmed by HR-SEM. The bonding mechanism was analyzed in detail by mechanical and dynamic rheological determinations. At the same filler concentration, the (3-mercaptopropyl) trimethoxySilane (MPTMS) treated composites exhibited stronger mechanical properties and higher storage modulus than original RBC/NBR composite, as the interfacial interaction via MPTMS connected RBC and NBR molecules was stronger than the interaction in RBC/NBR composites connected by hydrogen bonds and weaker π-π stacking.
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Silane Treatment of fe3o4 and its effect on the magnetic and wear properties of fe3o4 epoxy nanocomposites
Applied Surface Science, 2010Co-Authors: J.o. Park, Kyong Yop Rhee, Soo-jin ParkAbstract:Abstract In this study, the effect of Silane Treatment of Fe3O4 on the magnetic and wear properties of Fe3O4/epoxy nanocomposites was investigated. Fe3O4 nanopowders were prepared by coprecipitation of iron(II) chloride tetrahydrate with iron(III) chloride hexahydrate, and the surfaces of Fe3O4 were modified with 3-aminopropyltriethoxySilane. The magnetic properties of the powders were measured on unmodified and surface-modified Fe3O4/epoxy nanocomposites using SQUID magnetometer. Wear tests were performed on unmodified and surface-modified Fe3O4/epoxy nanocomposites under the same conditions (sliding speed: 0.18 m/s, load: 20 N). The results showed that the saturation magnetization (Ms) of surface-modified Fe3O4/epoxy nanocomposites was approximately 110% greater than that of unmodified Fe3O4/epoxy nanocomposites. This showed that the specific wear rate of surface-modified Fe3O4/epoxy nanocomposites was lower than that of unmodified Fe3O4/epoxy nanocomposites. The decrease in wear rate and the increase in magnetic properties of surface-modified Fe3O4/epoxy nanocomposites occurred due to the improved dispersion of Fe3O4 into the epoxy matrix.
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Silane Treatment of Fe3O4 and its effect on the magnetic and wear properties of Fe3O4/epoxy nanocomposites
Applied Surface Science, 2010Co-Authors: J.o. Park, Kyong Yop Rhee, Soo-jin ParkAbstract:Abstract In this study, the effect of Silane Treatment of Fe3O4 on the magnetic and wear properties of Fe3O4/epoxy nanocomposites was investigated. Fe3O4 nanopowders were prepared by coprecipitation of iron(II) chloride tetrahydrate with iron(III) chloride hexahydrate, and the surfaces of Fe3O4 were modified with 3-aminopropyltriethoxySilane. The magnetic properties of the powders were measured on unmodified and surface-modified Fe3O4/epoxy nanocomposites using SQUID magnetometer. Wear tests were performed on unmodified and surface-modified Fe3O4/epoxy nanocomposites under the same conditions (sliding speed: 0.18 m/s, load: 20 N). The results showed that the saturation magnetization (Ms) of surface-modified Fe3O4/epoxy nanocomposites was approximately 110% greater than that of unmodified Fe3O4/epoxy nanocomposites. This showed that the specific wear rate of surface-modified Fe3O4/epoxy nanocomposites was lower than that of unmodified Fe3O4/epoxy nanocomposites. The decrease in wear rate and the increase in magnetic properties of surface-modified Fe3O4/epoxy nanocomposites occurred due to the improved dispersion of Fe3O4 into the epoxy matrix.
Santiagoo Ragunathan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the effect of Silane Treatment on processing characteristic and swelling behavior of polypropylene recycled acrylonitrile butadiene rubber rice husk powder composites
Key Engineering Materials, 2011Co-Authors: Santiagoo Ragunathan, Hanafi Ismail, Hussin KamarudinAbstract:The effect of Silane Treatment on processing characteristic and swelling behavior of recycled acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBRr)/polypropylene (PP)/rice husk powder (RHP) composites has been studied. Polypropylene/recycled acrylonitrile butadiene rubber/rice husk powder (PP/NBRr/RHP) composite were prepared by melt mixing technique at 180o C for 9 minutes and 50rpm rotor speed using an internal mixer. Five different composites compositions (70/30/0, 7030/5, 70/30/10, 70/30/15 and 70/30/30), with Silane treated RHP (treated) and without Silane Treatment RHP (untreated) was studied. The specimens were analyzed for swelling behavior with ASTM oil No.3 and processing torque of composites was obtained during composite preparation. The results showed that swelling percentage for both composites increased with NBRr content. However the treated composites exhibited lower swelling characteristics. Processing torque of both composites also showed higher torque reading with increasing NBRr content. However the treated composite with Silane exhibited much higher torque value for similar composition composites. Better interaction between RHP filler and PP/NBRr matrixs was obtained with treated composites.
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The Effect of Silane Treatment on Tensile Properties and Morphology of Polypropylene/Recycled Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber/Rice Husk Powder Composites
Key Engineering Materials, 2011Co-Authors: Santiagoo Ragunathan, Hanafi Ismail, Hussin KamarudinAbstract:The effect of Silane Treatment on tensile properties and morphology of recycled acrylonitrile butadiene rubber(NBRr)/polypropylene(PP)/rice husk powder(RHP) composites has been studied. Polypropylene/recycled acrylonitrile butadiene rubber/rice husk powder (PP/NBRr/RHP) composite were prepared by melt mixing technique at 180o C for 9 minutes and 50rpm rotor speed using an internal mixer. Five different composites compositions (70/30/0, 7030/5, 70/30/10, 70/30/15 and 70/30/30), with Silane treated RHP(treated) and without Silane Treatment(untreated) was studied. The specimens were analyzed by different techniques i.e. tensile test and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The result obtained showed lower tensile properties with increasing amount of NBRr content. Lower tensile strength and tensile modulus was exhibited with increasing NBRr content. However higher tensile strength, greater tensile modulus and lower elongation at break in PP/NBRr/RHP was exhibited for Silane treated RHP composites compare with untreated RHP. PP/NBRr/RHP composite was found to become more brittle with strong attachment between PP/NBR matrix and RHP filler with Silane Treatment. Good adhesion between Silane treated RHP filler and PP/NBRr matrix was confirmed by the morphological studies.
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The Effect of Silane Treatment on Processing Characteristic and Swelling Behavior of Polypropylene/Recycled Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber/Rice Husk Powder Composites
Key Engineering Materials, 2011Co-Authors: Santiagoo Ragunathan, Hanafi Ismail, Hussin KamarudinAbstract:The effect of Silane Treatment on processing characteristic and swelling behavior of recycled acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBRr)/polypropylene (PP)/rice husk powder (RHP) composites has been studied. Polypropylene/recycled acrylonitrile butadiene rubber/rice husk powder (PP/NBRr/RHP) composite were prepared by melt mixing technique at 180o C for 9 minutes and 50rpm rotor speed using an internal mixer. Five different composites compositions (70/30/0, 7030/5, 70/30/10, 70/30/15 and 70/30/30), with Silane treated RHP (treated) and without Silane Treatment RHP (untreated) was studied. The specimens were analyzed for swelling behavior with ASTM oil No.3 and processing torque of composites was obtained during composite preparation. The results showed that swelling percentage for both composites increased with NBRr content. However the treated composites exhibited lower swelling characteristics. Processing torque of both composites also showed higher torque reading with increasing NBRr content. However the treated composite with Silane exhibited much higher torque value for similar composition composites. Better interaction between RHP filler and PP/NBRr matrixs was obtained with treated composites.
Behzad Shiroud Heidari - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the effect of nanoperlite and its Silane Treatment on thermal properties and degradation of polypropylene nanoperlite nanocomposite films
Composites Part B-engineering, 2019Co-Authors: Razi Sahraeian, Seyed Mohammad Davachi, Behzad Shiroud HeidariAbstract:Abstract The main goal of this study is to observe the exact effect of nanoperlite and its Silane Treatment on thermal behavior and degradation mechanism as well as thermomechanical properties of nanocomposites. In this regard, polypropylene (PP) with various contents of untreated nanoperlite and Silane treated nanoperlite were prepared using a twin-screw extruder and an extrusion film blew machine. Regardless of the type, the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests show no chemical reaction between PP and nanoperlite and relatively good dispersion of nanoparticles was obtained in the system. The results of thermal studies represent a reduction in all the properties of nanoperlite/PP nanocomposites including thermal stability, while, the addition of Silane treated nanoperlite shows less reduction and better thermal stability. Based on Flynn-Wall-Ozawa method, thermal degradation kinetics and mean activation energies of the untreated nanoperlite filled nanocomposites show higher values. Finally based on thermomechanical studies, treated nanoperlite-filled nanocomposites show lower values for tan D comparing to untreated nanoperlite-filled nanocomposites, as the storage modulus is reinforced and the loss modulus decreased. Overall, nanocomposites with 2–4% of treated nanoperlite showed nearly the same behavior of 4–6% of untreated nanoperlite filled nanocomposites and due to better dispersion, thermal and morphological properties, these films can be proper alternatives for packaging industries.
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The effect of nanoperlite and its Silane Treatment on thermal properties and degradation of polypropylene/nanoperlite nanocomposite films
Composites Part B: Engineering, 2019Co-Authors: Razi Sahraeian, Seyed Mohammad Davachi, Behzad Shiroud HeidariAbstract:Abstract The main goal of this study is to observe the exact effect of nanoperlite and its Silane Treatment on thermal behavior and degradation mechanism as well as thermomechanical properties of nanocomposites. In this regard, polypropylene (PP) with various contents of untreated nanoperlite and Silane treated nanoperlite were prepared using a twin-screw extruder and an extrusion film blew machine. Regardless of the type, the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests show no chemical reaction between PP and nanoperlite and relatively good dispersion of nanoparticles was obtained in the system. The results of thermal studies represent a reduction in all the properties of nanoperlite/PP nanocomposites including thermal stability, while, the addition of Silane treated nanoperlite shows less reduction and better thermal stability. Based on Flynn-Wall-Ozawa method, thermal degradation kinetics and mean activation energies of the untreated nanoperlite filled nanocomposites show higher values. Finally based on thermomechanical studies, treated nanoperlite-filled nanocomposites show lower values for tan D comparing to untreated nanoperlite-filled nanocomposites, as the storage modulus is reinforced and the loss modulus decreased. Overall, nanocomposites with 2–4% of treated nanoperlite showed nearly the same behavior of 4–6% of untreated nanoperlite filled nanocomposites and due to better dispersion, thermal and morphological properties, these films can be proper alternatives for packaging industries.
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The effect of nanoperlite and its Silane Treatment on the crystallinity, rheological, optical, and surface properties of polypropylene/nanoperlite nanocomposite films
Composites Part B: Engineering, 2019Co-Authors: Seyed Mohammad Davachi, Razi Sahraeian, Behzad Shiroud Heidari, Alireza AbbaspourradAbstract:Abstract Polypropylene nanocomposite films containing different contents of Silane treated and untreated nanoperlite were fabricated using a corotating twin screw extruder and film blowing machine. The crystallinity, rheological, optical, morphological, and surface behavior of the resulting nanocomposites are characterized. We studied the crystallization and physical dispersion of nanoperlite in the polypropylene nanocomposite using X-ray diffraction, in which we observed that the peak intensity decreases gradually with increasing filler loading for both types (treated and untreated) of nanoperlite. However, the β-crystal phase of polypropylene was more affected in the treated nanoperlite nanocomposites. According to rheological studies, both types of nanocomposites show similar behavior at higher frequencies, and the nanoperlite type does not show any sign of effect at higher frequencies. However, in lower frequencies, they show different trends in complex viscosity. The contact angle and surface energy indicate the untreated nanoperlite nanocomposites demonstrate hydrophilic behavior, while the treated nanoperlite nanocomposites are hydrophobic. The Silane treated nanoperlite improved the light transmittance and optical properties compared to the untreated nanoperlite. Finally, according to the morphological studies, the Silane treated nanoperlite show better and finer dispersion in the polypropylene matrix. The results show that the Silane Treatment enhances the adhesion of the polypropylene/nanoperlite interfaces, suggesting the nanocomposite with 2% Silane-treated nanoperlite could be a promising choice in food packaging industries.
Aruz Petcherdchoo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sensitivity of Service Life Extension and CO2 Emission due to Repairs by Silane Treatment Applied on Concrete Structures under Time-Dependent Chloride Attack
Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 2018Co-Authors: Aruz PetcherdchooAbstract:This paper presents sensitivity of service life extension and CO2 emission due to Silane (alkyltriethoxySilane) Treatment on concrete structures under time-dependent chloride attack. The service life is predicted by the Crank–Nicolson-based finite difference approach for avoiding the complexity in solving Fick’s second law. The complexity occurs due to time-dependent chloride attack and nonconstant diffusion coefficient of concrete with Silane Treatment. At the application time of Silane Treatment, the cumulative CO2 emission is assessed. The effectiveness of Silane Treatment is defined as the ratio of the service life extension to the cumulative CO2 emission assessed within the corrosion-free service life. The service life extension is defined as the difference between corrosion-free service life of concrete structures without and with time-based application of Silane Treatment. From the study, the diffusion of chlorides in concrete with Silane Treatment is found to be retarded. In comparison, the strategy without deterioration of Silanes during effective duration is more suitable for service life extension but less effective than that with deterioration. In the sensitivity analysis, there are up to eight parameters to be determined. The service life of concrete structures without Silane Treatment is most sensitive to the water-to-cement ratio and the threshold depth of concrete structures. Considering only five parameters in Silane Treatment strategies, the service life is most sensitive to the first application time of Silane Treatment. The cumulative CO2 emission is most sensitive to either the first application time of Silane Treatment or the amount of CO2 emission per application.
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Service Life Extension and CO2 Emission due to Silane Treatment on Chloride-Exposed Concrete Structures
Key Engineering Materials, 2017Co-Authors: Aruz Petcherdchoo, Chotima OngsopapongAbstract:This study presents assessment of the environmental impact in terms of the CO2 due to Silane Treatment for extending corrosion-free service life of concrete structures under chloride attack. To achieve this, there are two issues to be addressed; prediction of corrosion-free service life extension, and assessment of the amount of CO2 emission. In predicting the corrosion-free service life extension, the behaviors of chloride diffusion before and after time-based Silane Treatment are considered. Then, the cumulative CO2 due to Silane Treatment is accordingly calculated. The ratio of the corrosion-free service life extension to the cumulative CO2 is defined as the effectiveness of Silane Treatment, and used to compare different Silane Treatment strategies.
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Probabilistic Time-Dependent Ratio of Cost to Benefit for Silane Treatment on Chloride-Exposed Concrete Structures
Advanced Materials Research, 2014Co-Authors: Aruz PetcherdchooAbstract:This study presents use of an approach which links the Latin Hypercube technique with Crank-Nicolson based finite difference approach for probabilistic assessment of chloride diffusion through Silane-treated concrete. There are six random variables; (1) surface chloride, (2) diffusion coefficient, (3) first application time, (4) subsequent application time, (5) effective duration, and (6) cost of Silane Treatment. By different application times, three repair strategies are proposed. With Silane Treatment, the diffusion of chloride ions in Silane-treated zone is retarded leading to the extension of the time which the chloride content at a threshold depth reaches the critical value of rebar corrosion and concrete cracking. Based on this extension, the time-dependent risk of rebar corrosion and concrete cracking is defined, and the time-dependent ratio of cumulative cost of Silane Treatment to benefit (percent reduction of the risk) is calculated. And, the best strategy based on the ratio of cost to benefit is justified.