The Experts below are selected from a list of 23244 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Tim Bingham - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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silk road the virtual drug marketplace a Single Case Study of user experiences
International Journal of Drug Policy, 2013Co-Authors: Marie Claire Van Hout, Tim BinghamAbstract:Abstract Background : The online promotion of ‘ drug shopping ' and user information networks is of increasing public health and law enforcement concern. An online drug marketplace called ‘ Silk Road ' has been operating on the ‘ Deep Web ' since February 2011 and was designed to revolutionise contemporary drug consumerism. Methods : A Single Case Study approach explored a ‘ Silk Road ' user's motives for online drug purchasing, experiences of accessing and using the website, drug information sourcing, decision making and purchasing, outcomes and settings for use, and perspectives around security. The participant was recruited following a lengthy relationship building phase on the ‘ Silk Road ' chat forum. Results : The male participant described his motives, experiences of purchasing processes and drugs used from ‘ Silk Road '. Consumer experiences on ‘ Silk Road ' were described as ‘ euphoric ' due to the wide choice of drugs available, relatively easy once navigating the Tor Browser (encryption software) and using ‘ Bitcoins ' for transactions, and perceived as safer than negotiating illicit drug markets. Online researching of drug outcomes, particularly for new psychoactive substances was reported. Relationships between vendors and consumers were described as based on cyber levels of trust and professionalism, and supported by ‘ stealth modes ', user feedback and resolution modes. The reality of his drug use was described as covert and solitary with psychonautic characteristics, which contrasted with his membership, participation and feelings of safety within the ‘ Silk Road ' community. Conclusion : ‘ Silk Road ' as online drug marketplace presents an interesting displacement away from ‘ traditional ' online and street sources of drug supply. Member support and harm reduction ethos within this virtual community maximises consumer decision-making and positive drug experiences, and minimises potential harms and consumer perceived risks. Future research is necessary to explore experiences and backgrounds of other users.
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'Silk Road', the virtual drug marketplace: A Single Case Study of user experiences
International Journal of Drug Policy, 2013Co-Authors: Marie Claire Van Hout, Tim BinghamAbstract:Background: The online promotion of '. drug shopping' and user information networks is of increasing public health and law enforcement concern. An online drug marketplace called '. Silk Road' has been operating on the '. Deep Web' since February 2011 and was designed to revolutionise contemporary drug consumerism. Methods: A Single Case Study approach explored a '. Silk Road' user's motives for online drug purchasing, experiences of accessing and using the website, drug information sourcing, decision making and purchasing, outcomes and settings for use, and perspectives around security. The participant was recruited following a lengthy relationship building phase on the '. Silk Road' chat forum. Results: The male participant described his motives, experiences of purchasing processes and drugs used from '. Silk Road'. Consumer experiences on '. Silk Road' were described as '. euphoric' due to the wide choice of drugs available, relatively easy once navigating the Tor Browser (encryption software) and using '. Bitcoins' for transactions, and perceived as safer than negotiating illicit drug markets. Online researching of drug outcomes, particularly for new psychoactive substances was reported. Relationships between vendors and consumers were described as based on cyber levels of trust and professionalism, and supported by '. stealth modes', user feedback and resolution modes. The reality of his drug use was described as covert and solitary with psychonautic characteristics, which contrasted with his membership, participation and feelings of safety within the '. Silk Road' community. Conclusion: '. Silk Road' as online drug marketplace presents an interesting displacement away from '. traditional' online and street sources of drug supply. Member support and harm reduction ethos within this virtual community maximises consumer decision-making and positive drug experiences, and minimises potential harms and consumer perceived risks. Future research is necessary to explore experiences and backgrounds of other users. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.
Marie Claire Van Hout - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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silk road the virtual drug marketplace a Single Case Study of user experiences
International Journal of Drug Policy, 2013Co-Authors: Marie Claire Van Hout, Tim BinghamAbstract:Abstract Background : The online promotion of ‘ drug shopping ' and user information networks is of increasing public health and law enforcement concern. An online drug marketplace called ‘ Silk Road ' has been operating on the ‘ Deep Web ' since February 2011 and was designed to revolutionise contemporary drug consumerism. Methods : A Single Case Study approach explored a ‘ Silk Road ' user's motives for online drug purchasing, experiences of accessing and using the website, drug information sourcing, decision making and purchasing, outcomes and settings for use, and perspectives around security. The participant was recruited following a lengthy relationship building phase on the ‘ Silk Road ' chat forum. Results : The male participant described his motives, experiences of purchasing processes and drugs used from ‘ Silk Road '. Consumer experiences on ‘ Silk Road ' were described as ‘ euphoric ' due to the wide choice of drugs available, relatively easy once navigating the Tor Browser (encryption software) and using ‘ Bitcoins ' for transactions, and perceived as safer than negotiating illicit drug markets. Online researching of drug outcomes, particularly for new psychoactive substances was reported. Relationships between vendors and consumers were described as based on cyber levels of trust and professionalism, and supported by ‘ stealth modes ', user feedback and resolution modes. The reality of his drug use was described as covert and solitary with psychonautic characteristics, which contrasted with his membership, participation and feelings of safety within the ‘ Silk Road ' community. Conclusion : ‘ Silk Road ' as online drug marketplace presents an interesting displacement away from ‘ traditional ' online and street sources of drug supply. Member support and harm reduction ethos within this virtual community maximises consumer decision-making and positive drug experiences, and minimises potential harms and consumer perceived risks. Future research is necessary to explore experiences and backgrounds of other users.
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'Silk Road', the virtual drug marketplace: A Single Case Study of user experiences
International Journal of Drug Policy, 2013Co-Authors: Marie Claire Van Hout, Tim BinghamAbstract:Background: The online promotion of '. drug shopping' and user information networks is of increasing public health and law enforcement concern. An online drug marketplace called '. Silk Road' has been operating on the '. Deep Web' since February 2011 and was designed to revolutionise contemporary drug consumerism. Methods: A Single Case Study approach explored a '. Silk Road' user's motives for online drug purchasing, experiences of accessing and using the website, drug information sourcing, decision making and purchasing, outcomes and settings for use, and perspectives around security. The participant was recruited following a lengthy relationship building phase on the '. Silk Road' chat forum. Results: The male participant described his motives, experiences of purchasing processes and drugs used from '. Silk Road'. Consumer experiences on '. Silk Road' were described as '. euphoric' due to the wide choice of drugs available, relatively easy once navigating the Tor Browser (encryption software) and using '. Bitcoins' for transactions, and perceived as safer than negotiating illicit drug markets. Online researching of drug outcomes, particularly for new psychoactive substances was reported. Relationships between vendors and consumers were described as based on cyber levels of trust and professionalism, and supported by '. stealth modes', user feedback and resolution modes. The reality of his drug use was described as covert and solitary with psychonautic characteristics, which contrasted with his membership, participation and feelings of safety within the '. Silk Road' community. Conclusion: '. Silk Road' as online drug marketplace presents an interesting displacement away from '. traditional' online and street sources of drug supply. Member support and harm reduction ethos within this virtual community maximises consumer decision-making and positive drug experiences, and minimises potential harms and consumer perceived risks. Future research is necessary to explore experiences and backgrounds of other users. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.
David Shum - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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error self regulation following traumatic brain injury a Single Case Study evaluation of metacognitive skills training and behavioural practice interventions
Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 2010Co-Authors: Tamara Ownsworth, Hayley Danielle Quinn, Jennifer Fleming, Melissa Kendall, David ShumAbstract:The objective of the Study was to evaluate the effects of metacognitive skills training (MST) and behavioural practice on error self-regulation during a naturalistic task after traumatic brain injury (TBI). A Single-Case Study design was used and three participants (two males, one female) aged 26-43 years with severe TBI were included in the Study. In the first Study, after a four-session baseline of behavioural practice, two participants received eight MST sessions followed by four maintenance sessions. In the second Study, a third participant received 16 sessions of behavioural practice to assess the extent to which error self-regulation improves through long-term task practice and therapist corrections. Participants prepared two different meals with a novel meal introduced later to examine skills generalisation. Behavioural outcomes included error frequency, checking and self-corrections. Data analysis involved a combination of visual analysis and two standard deviation (2-SD) band analysis. In the MST Study, the two participants demonstrated a 38% and 76% reduction in error frequency (p .05). This exploratory research suggests that, firstly, by targeting error self-regulation MST can potentially promote independence on complex everyday tasks; and secondly, although behavioural practice alone may facilitate some functional gains, it fails to promote more independent self-regulatory behaviours.
Tim Pring - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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parent child interaction therapy and dysfluency a Single Case Study
International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 1997Co-Authors: S Matthews, Randi M Williams, Tim PringAbstract:The hypothesis that the modification of parent-child interaction would reduce the dysfluency of a preschool child was tested in an experimental Single-Case Study. The subject, a four-year-old boy with a moderate to severe stutter, and his parents attended their local clinic for a total of 17 weeks. On each visit, 20-minute play periods with each parent were recorded and measures of fluency taken. No advice was offered in the first six weeks and these measures were used as a baseline for subsequent therapy. Therapy was given over the next six weeks. The parents were advised to make changes in their style of interaction and were asked to practise these at home each day. During the final five weeks, which served as consolidation, the parents continued to practise their skills at home but no new advice was offered. The analysis found no significant trend in the child's dysfluency during the baseline period, a significant improvement during therapy and stabilisation of the lower rate of dysfluencies during the...
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Parent—child interaction therapy and dysfluency: a Single-Case Study
International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 1997Co-Authors: S Matthews, Randi M Williams, Tim PringAbstract:The hypothesis that the modification of parent-child interaction would reduce the dysfluency of a preschool child was tested in an experimental Single-Case Study. The subject, a four-year-old boy with a moderate to severe stutter, and his parents attended their local clinic for a total of 17 weeks. On each visit, 20-minute play periods with each parent were recorded and measures of fluency taken. No advice was offered in the first six weeks and these measures were used as a baseline for subsequent therapy. Therapy was given over the next six weeks. The parents were advised to make changes in their style of interaction and were asked to practise these at home each day. During the final five weeks, which served as consolidation, the parents continued to practise their skills at home but no new advice was offered. The analysis found no significant trend in the child's dysfluency during the baseline period, a significant improvement during therapy and stabilisation of the lower rate of dysfluencies during the...
Tamara Ownsworth - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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error self regulation following traumatic brain injury a Single Case Study evaluation of metacognitive skills training and behavioural practice interventions
Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 2010Co-Authors: Tamara Ownsworth, Hayley Danielle Quinn, Jennifer Fleming, Melissa Kendall, David ShumAbstract:The objective of the Study was to evaluate the effects of metacognitive skills training (MST) and behavioural practice on error self-regulation during a naturalistic task after traumatic brain injury (TBI). A Single-Case Study design was used and three participants (two males, one female) aged 26-43 years with severe TBI were included in the Study. In the first Study, after a four-session baseline of behavioural practice, two participants received eight MST sessions followed by four maintenance sessions. In the second Study, a third participant received 16 sessions of behavioural practice to assess the extent to which error self-regulation improves through long-term task practice and therapist corrections. Participants prepared two different meals with a novel meal introduced later to examine skills generalisation. Behavioural outcomes included error frequency, checking and self-corrections. Data analysis involved a combination of visual analysis and two standard deviation (2-SD) band analysis. In the MST Study, the two participants demonstrated a 38% and 76% reduction in error frequency (p .05). This exploratory research suggests that, firstly, by targeting error self-regulation MST can potentially promote independence on complex everyday tasks; and secondly, although behavioural practice alone may facilitate some functional gains, it fails to promote more independent self-regulatory behaviours.
