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Ronald P. Mensink - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Beneficial Effects of Sitostanol on the Attenuated Immune Function in Asthma Patients: Results of an In Vitro Approach
2016Co-Authors: Ronald P. Mensink, Constanze Husche, Geertjan Wesseling, Y F. Steinbusch, Jogchum PlatAbstract:Background: In vitro and animal studies have suggested that plant sterols and stanols increase cytokine production by T-helper-1 cells. This may be beneficial for patient groups characterized by a T-helper-2 dominant immune response, e.g. asthma patients. (1) to evaluate whether Sitostanol induces a T-helper-1 shift in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from asthma patients, and (2) to unravel the role of regulatory T-cells in this respect. Methodology/Principal Findings: PBMCs from 10 asthma patients and 10 healthy subjects were isolated and incubated with 1.2 mM Sitostanol, while stimulated with 5 mg/ml PHA. Similar amounts of cholesterol were used to determine whether effects were specific for plant stanols or for sterols in general. Changes in cytokine production were measured using antibody arrays and ELISAs. Changes in regulatory T-cell population size were measured by flow cytometry, using intracellular Foxp3 staining. Sitostanol increased production of IFNc by 6.5 % and IL-2 by 6.0 % compared to cholesterol (p,0.01). No changes in IL-4 and IL-13 were found. Interestingly, this effect was only present in PBMCs from asthma patients. The number of Foxp3+ cells tended to increase and their activity, measured by IL-10 production, increased after Sitostanol treatment in PBMCs from asthma patients compared to controls by 32.3 % (p = 0.077) and 13.3 % (p,0.05), respectively. Conclusions/Significance: Altogether, the Sitostanol-induced Thelper-1 shift in PBMCs from asthma patients and th
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Effects of cholesterol and Sitostanol on cytokine production in PBMCs.
2013Co-Authors: Florence Brull, Ronald P. Mensink, Dieter Lutjohann, Constanze Husche, Geertjan Wesseling, Mandy F. Steinbusch, Jogchum PlatAbstract:Sitostanol increased the IL-2 production in asthma patients when compared to cyclodextrin, cholesterol and healthy controls (p
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Effects of Sitostanol and cholesterol on NK cells, NKT cells and CD107a expression after exposure to K562 cells.
2013Co-Authors: Florence Brull, Ronald P. Mensink, Dieter Lutjohann, Constanze Husche, Geertjan Wesseling, Mandy F. Steinbusch, Jogchum PlatAbstract:Sitostanol significantly reduced the percentage of NK cells in asthma patients as well as in healthy controls (p
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Effects of Sitostanol and cholesterol on the percentage of Treg cells and the production of IL-10 and IL-17.
2013Co-Authors: Florence Brull, Ronald P. Mensink, Dieter Lutjohann, Constanze Husche, Geertjan Wesseling, Mandy F. Steinbusch, Jogchum PlatAbstract:Sitostanol tended to induce a higher percentage of Treg cells in the total PBMC population from asthma patients (p = 0.77), and significantly increased IL-10 production (p
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beneficial effects of Sitostanol on the attenuated immune function in asthma patients results of an in vitro approach
PLOS ONE, 2012Co-Authors: Florence Brull, Ronald P. Mensink, Dieter Lutjohann, Mandy M F Steinbusch, Constanze Husche, Geertjan Wesseling, Jogchum PlatAbstract:BACKGROUND: In vitro and animal studies have suggested that plant sterols and stanols increase cytokine production by T-helper-1 cells. This may be beneficial for patient groups characterized by a T-helper-2 dominant immune response, e.g. asthma patients. (1) to evaluate whether Sitostanol induces a T-helper-1 shift in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from asthma patients, and (2) to unravel the role of regulatory T-cells in this respect. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: PBMCs from 10 asthma patients and 10 healthy subjects were isolated and incubated with 1.2 microM Sitostanol, while stimulated with 5 microg/ml PHA. Similar amounts of cholesterol were used to determine whether effects were specific for plant stanols or for sterols in general. Changes in cytokine production were measured using antibody arrays and ELISAs. Changes in regulatory T-cell population size were measured by flow cytometry, using intracellular Foxp3 staining. Sitostanol increased production of IFNgamma by 6.5% and IL-2 by 6.0% compared to cholesterol (p<0.01). No changes in IL-4 and IL-13 were found. Interestingly, this effect was only present in PBMCs from asthma patients. The number of Foxp3+ cells tended to increase and their activity, measured by IL-10 production, increased after Sitostanol treatment in PBMCs from asthma patients compared to controls by 32.3% (p = 0.077) and 13.3% (p<0.05), respectively. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Altogether, the Sitostanol-induced Thelper-1 shift in PBMCs from asthma patients and the stimulating effects of Sitostanol on Treg cell numbers and activity indicate a possible novel approach for plant stanol ester enriched functional foods in the amelioration of asthmatic symptoms. Functional effects, however, require further evaluation.
Jogchum Plat - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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In vitro effects of sitosterol and Sitostanol on mitochondrial respiration in human brown adipocytes, myotubes and hepatocytes
European Journal of Nutrition, 2019Co-Authors: Emmani B. M. Nascimento, Dieter Lutjohann, Maurice Konings, Gert Schaart, Albert K. Groen, Wouter D. Marken Lichtenbelt, Patrick Schrauwen, Jogchum PlatAbstract:Purpose Lowering of LDL cholesterol levels by plant sterols and stanols is associated with decreased risk of cardiovascular disease in humans. Plant sterols and stanols also lower triacylglycerol (TG). However, it is not fully understood how reduction in TG is achieved and what the full potential of plant sterols and stanols is on whole-body metabolism. We here hypothesize that high levels of plant sterols and stanols stimulate whole-body energy expenditure, which can be attributed to changes in mitochondrial function of brown adipose tissue (BAT), skeletal muscle and liver. Methods Phytosterolemic mice were fed chow diets for 32 weeks to examine whole-body weight gain. In vitro, 24-h incubation were performed in adipocytes derived from human BAT, human myotubes or HepG2 human hepatocytes using sitosterol or Sitostanol. Following mitochondrial function was assessed using seahorse bioanalyzer. Results Chow feeding in phytosterolemic mice resulted in diminished increase in body weight compared to control mice. In vitro, sitosterol or Sitostanol did not change mitochondrial function in adipocytes derived from human BAT or in cultured human myotubes. Interestingly, maximal mitochondrial function in HepG2 human hepatocytes was decreased following sitosterol or Sitostanol incubation, however, only when mitochondrial function was assessed in low glucose-containing medium. Conclusions Beneficial in vivo effects of plant sterols and stanols on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism are well recognized. Our results indicate that alterations in human mitochondrial function are apparently not involved to explain these beneficial effects.
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Beneficial Effects of Sitostanol on the Attenuated Immune Function in Asthma Patients: Results of an In Vitro Approach
2016Co-Authors: Ronald P. Mensink, Constanze Husche, Geertjan Wesseling, Y F. Steinbusch, Jogchum PlatAbstract:Background: In vitro and animal studies have suggested that plant sterols and stanols increase cytokine production by T-helper-1 cells. This may be beneficial for patient groups characterized by a T-helper-2 dominant immune response, e.g. asthma patients. (1) to evaluate whether Sitostanol induces a T-helper-1 shift in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from asthma patients, and (2) to unravel the role of regulatory T-cells in this respect. Methodology/Principal Findings: PBMCs from 10 asthma patients and 10 healthy subjects were isolated and incubated with 1.2 mM Sitostanol, while stimulated with 5 mg/ml PHA. Similar amounts of cholesterol were used to determine whether effects were specific for plant stanols or for sterols in general. Changes in cytokine production were measured using antibody arrays and ELISAs. Changes in regulatory T-cell population size were measured by flow cytometry, using intracellular Foxp3 staining. Sitostanol increased production of IFNc by 6.5 % and IL-2 by 6.0 % compared to cholesterol (p,0.01). No changes in IL-4 and IL-13 were found. Interestingly, this effect was only present in PBMCs from asthma patients. The number of Foxp3+ cells tended to increase and their activity, measured by IL-10 production, increased after Sitostanol treatment in PBMCs from asthma patients compared to controls by 32.3 % (p = 0.077) and 13.3 % (p,0.05), respectively. Conclusions/Significance: Altogether, the Sitostanol-induced Thelper-1 shift in PBMCs from asthma patients and th
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Schematic representation of direct effects of Sitostanol vs desmosterol.
2014Co-Authors: Jogchum Plat, Tim Hendrikx, Veerle Bieghs, Mike L. J. Jeurissen, Sofie M. A. Walenbergh, Patrick J. Van Gorp, Els De Smet, Maurice Konings, Anita C. E. Vreugdenhil, Yasmin Dias GuichotAbstract:Schematic representation of direct effects of Sitostanol vs desmosterol.
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Effect of plant stanols on macrophages in vitro.
2014Co-Authors: Jogchum Plat, Tim Hendrikx, Veerle Bieghs, Mike L. J. Jeurissen, Sofie M. A. Walenbergh, Patrick J. Van Gorp, Els De Smet, Maurice Konings, Anita C. E. Vreugdenhil, Yasmin Dias GuichotAbstract:Changes in Tnf-α concentrations in supernatant and LXR target gene expression of bone marrow derived macrophages after incubation with Sitostanol (0.6 and 1.2 µm) or desmosterol (0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 µm) and 4 h LPS stimulation. (A) Tnf-α concentrations, (B) LXRα mRNA, (C) Abca1 mRNA, and (D) Abcg1 mRNA expression after Sitostanol exposure, (E) Tnf-α mRNA, (F) LXRα mRNA, (G) Abca1 mRNA, and (H) Abcg1 mRNA expression after desmosterol exposure. Data were set relative to cells incubated with cyclodextrin (carrier control). *P
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Hepatic non-cholesterol sterol concentrations.
2014Co-Authors: Jogchum Plat, Tim Hendrikx, Veerle Bieghs, Mike L. J. Jeurissen, Sofie M. A. Walenbergh, Patrick J. Van Gorp, Els De Smet, Maurice Konings, Anita C. E. Vreugdenhil, Yasmin Dias GuichotAbstract:Hepatic concentrations of (A) campesterol, (B) sitosterol, (C) campestanol and (D) Sitostanol were measured. To analyze endogenous cholesterol synthesis, hepatic (E) lathosterol and (F) desmosterol were measured. All values are shown as absolute concentrations (ng/mg tissue). n = 10 per group. *P
Tatu A Miettinen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Serum and lipoprotein Sitostanol and non-cholesterol sterols after an acute dose of plant stanol ester on its long-term consumption
European journal of nutrition, 2011Co-Authors: Helena Gylling, Markku J. Nissinen, Piia Simonen, M. A. Hallikainen, Helena E. Miettinen, Tatu A MiettinenAbstract:Purpose Chronic inhibition of cholesterol absorption with large doses of plant stanol esters (staest) alters profoundly cholesterol metabolism, but it is unknown how an acute inhibition with a large staest dose alters the postprandial serum and lipoprotein cholesterol precursor, plant sterol, and Sitostanol contents.
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non cholesterol sterols in serum and endarterectomized carotid arteries after a short term plant stanol and sterol ester challenge
Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 2011Co-Authors: Tatu A Miettinen, Markku J. Nissinen, M Lepantalo, Anders Alback, M Railo, Pirkka Vikatmaa, Markku Kaste, Satu Mustanoja, Helena GyllingAbstract:Abstract Background and Aims It is not known whether dietary intake of plant stanols or sterols changes the composition of arterial sterols. Therefore, we compared serum and carotid artery cholesterol and non-cholesterol sterols after plant stanol (staest) or sterol (steest) ester feeding in endarterectomized patients. Methods and Results Elderly statin-treated asymptomatic patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy were randomized double-blind to consume staest ( n =11) or steest ( n =11) spread (2g of stanol or sterol/day) for four weeks preoperatively. Non-cholesterol sterols from serum and carotid artery tissue were analysed with gas-liquid chromatography. Staest spread lowered serum total (17.2%), VLDL, and LDL cholesterol and serum triglycerides, while steest spread lowered serum total (13.8%) and LDL cholesterol levels from baseline ( p p Conclusion The novel observations were that plant stanol ester consumption, in contrast to plant sterols, tended to reduce carotid artery plant sterols in statin-treated patients. Furthermore, despite increased serum Sitostanol contents during plant stanol ester consumption, their arterial levels were unchanged suggesting that Sitostanol is not taken up into the arterial wall.
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retinol vitamin d carotenes and α tocopherol in serum of a moderately hypercholesterolemic population consuming Sitostanol ester margarine
Atherosclerosis, 1999Co-Authors: Helena Gylling, Pekka Puska, Erkki Vartiainen, Tatu A MiettinenAbstract:We have shown earlier that Sitostanol ester margarine lowers serum cholesterol by inhibiting cholesterol absorption so that, theoretically, there could be interference with the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins. Accordingly, we investigated whether Sitostanol ester margarine affects the serum levels of vitamin D, retinol, α-tocopherol and α- and β-carotenes during 1-year treatment in 102 subjects and 49 controls with moderate hypercholesterolemia. The vitamins were assayed at baseline on home diet, on margarine alone, after 1 year's consumption of Sitostanol ester margarine and after an additional 2 months on home diet. In the Sitostanol group, serum plant sterols, indicators of cholesterol absorption efficiency, were reduced up to −38% in relation to controls from home diet (P<0.01) indicating that cholesterol absorption was markedly reduced. Vitamin D and retinol concentrations and the ratio of α-tocopherol to cholesterol were unchanged by Sitostanol ester. Serum β-carotenes and α-carotene concentration but not proportion were reduced in the Sitostanol group from baseline and in relation to controls (P<0.01). Retinol and vitamin D were unassociated with serum cholesterol, plant sterols or other vitamins, whereas α-tocopherol and carotenes were significantly associated with serum plant sterols suggesting that the higher cholesterol absorption efficiency, the higher the α-tocopherol and carotene levels in serum. We conclude that Sitostanol ester did not affect vitamin D and retinol concentrations and α-tocopherol/cholesterol proportion, but reduced serum β-carotene levels. α-Tocopherol and carotenes, but not vitamin D and retinol, were related to serum cholesterol and cholesterol absorption.
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Cholesterol reduction by different plant stanol mixtures and with variable fat intake.
Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 1999Co-Authors: Helena Gylling, Tatu A MiettinenAbstract:Our aim was to investigate (1) whether different campestanol/Sitostanol mixtures in margarine differ in reducing serum cholesterol, and (2) whether Sitostanol ester in butter decreases serum cholesterol and alters cholesterol absorption and metabolism. Twenty-three postmenopausal women replaced 25 g dietary fat with (1) Sitostanol ester—rich (campestanol to Sitostanol ratio 1:11) and (2) campestanol ester—rich (campestanol to Sitostanol ratio 1:2) rapeseed oil margarine, (3) butter, and (4) Sitostanol ester—rich (campestanol to Sitostanol ratio 1:13) butter. The respective scheduled stanol intake was 3.18, 3.16, and 2.43 g/d. The 6-week margarine periods and, after an 8-week washout, 5-week butter periods were double-blind and in random order. Serum cholesterol precursor sterols (indicators of cholesterol synthesis) and plant sterols (indicators of cholesterol absorption) were quantified with gas-liquid chromatography (GLC). Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol was reduced by 8% and 10% with the Sitostanol and campestanol ester—rich margarines versus baseline (P < .05 for both) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was increased by 6% and 5% (P < .05), so the LDLHDL cholesterol ratio was reduced by 15% (P < .05 for both). Sitostanol ester—rich butter decreased LDL cholesterol 12% and the LDLHDL cholesterol ratio 11% (P < .05 for both) versus the butter period. The serum proportions of plant sterols and cholestanol were similarly reduced and those of cholesterol precursor sterols were similarly increased during all periods (P < .05 for all). Serum proportions of Sitostanol and campestanol were slightly increased, indicating that their absorption related to their dietary intake. During all stanol interventions, serum vitamin D and retinol concentrations and α-tocopherol to cholesterol ratios were unchanged, whereas those of α- and β-carotenes were significantly reduced. We conclude that varying the campestanol to Sitostanol ratio from 1:13 to 1:2 in margarine and in butter similarly decreased cholesterol absorption, LDL cholesterol, and the LDLHDL cholesterol ratio such that the serum lipids became less atherogenic.
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Retinol, vitamin D, carotenes and α-tocopherol in serum of a moderately hypercholesterolemic population consuming Sitostanol ester margarine
Atherosclerosis, 1999Co-Authors: Helena Gylling, Pekka Puska, Erkki Vartiainen, Tatu A MiettinenAbstract:We have shown earlier that Sitostanol ester margarine lowers serum cholesterol by inhibiting cholesterol absorption so that, theoretically, there could be interference with the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins. Accordingly, we investigated whether Sitostanol ester margarine affects the serum levels of vitamin D, retinol, α-tocopherol and α- and β-carotenes during 1-year treatment in 102 subjects and 49 controls with moderate hypercholesterolemia. The vitamins were assayed at baseline on home diet, on margarine alone, after 1 year's consumption of Sitostanol ester margarine and after an additional 2 months on home diet. In the Sitostanol group, serum plant sterols, indicators of cholesterol absorption efficiency, were reduced up to −38% in relation to controls from home diet (P
Helena Gylling - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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serum liver and bile sitosterol and Sitostanol in obese patients with and without nafld
Bioscience Reports, 2018Co-Authors: Millamaria Tauriainen, Helena Gylling, Ville Mannisto, Dorota Kaminska, Maija Vaittinen, Vesa Karja, Pirjo Kakela, Sari Venesmaa, Jussi PihlajamakiAbstract:Background and aims: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) associates with low levels of serum plant sterols in cross-sectional studies. In addition, it has been suggested that the hepatic sterol transport mechanisms are altered in NAFLD. Therefore, we investigated the association between serum, liver and bile plant sterols and Sitostanol with NAFLD.Methods: Out of the 138 individuals (age: 46.3 ± 8.9, body mass index: 43.3 ± 6.9 kg/m², 28% men and 72% women), 44 could be histologically categorized to have normal liver, and 94 to have NAFLD. Within the NAFLD group, 28 had simple steatosis and 27 had non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Plant sterols and Sitostanol were measured from serum (n=138), liver (n=38), and bile (n=41). The mRNA expression of genes regulating liver sterol metabolism and inflammation was measured (n=102).Results: Liver and bile Sitostanol ratios to cholesterol were higher in those with NAFLD compared to those with histologically normal liver (all P 0.407, P<0.01 for both). In contrast, liver sitosterol to cholesterol ratio correlated negatively with steatosis (rs = -0.392, P=0.015) and lobular inflammation (rs = -0.395, P=0.014). Transcriptomics analysis revealed suggestive correlations between serum plant sterol levels and mRNA expression.Conclusion: Our study showed that liver and bile Sitostanol ratios to cholesterol associated positively and liver sitosterol ratio to cholesterol associated negatively with liver steatosis and inflammation in obese individuals with NAFLD..
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Serum, liver and bile sitosterol and Sitostanol in obese patients with and without NAFLD.
Bioscience reports, 2018Co-Authors: Millamaria Tauriainen, Helena Gylling, Ville Mannisto, Dorota Kaminska, Maija Vaittinen, Vesa Karja, Pirjo Kakela, Sari Venesmaa, Jussi PihlajamakiAbstract:Background and aims: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) associates with low levels of serum plant sterols in cross-sectional studies. In addition, it has been suggested that the hepatic sterol transport mechanisms are altered in NAFLD. Therefore, we investigated the association between serum, liver and bile plant sterols and Sitostanol with NAFLD.Methods: Out of the 138 individuals (age: 46.3 ± 8.9, body mass index: 43.3 ± 6.9 kg/m², 28% men and 72% women), 44 could be histologically categorized to have normal liver, and 94 to have NAFLD. Within the NAFLD group, 28 had simple steatosis and 27 had non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Plant sterols and Sitostanol were measured from serum (n=138), liver (n=38), and bile (n=41). The mRNA expression of genes regulating liver sterol metabolism and inflammation was measured (n=102).Results: Liver and bile Sitostanol ratios to cholesterol were higher in those with NAFLD compared to those with histologically normal liver (all P 0.407, P
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Serum and lipoprotein Sitostanol and non-cholesterol sterols after an acute dose of plant stanol ester on its long-term consumption
European journal of nutrition, 2011Co-Authors: Helena Gylling, Markku J. Nissinen, Piia Simonen, M. A. Hallikainen, Helena E. Miettinen, Tatu A MiettinenAbstract:Purpose Chronic inhibition of cholesterol absorption with large doses of plant stanol esters (staest) alters profoundly cholesterol metabolism, but it is unknown how an acute inhibition with a large staest dose alters the postprandial serum and lipoprotein cholesterol precursor, plant sterol, and Sitostanol contents.
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non cholesterol sterols in serum and endarterectomized carotid arteries after a short term plant stanol and sterol ester challenge
Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 2011Co-Authors: Tatu A Miettinen, Markku J. Nissinen, M Lepantalo, Anders Alback, M Railo, Pirkka Vikatmaa, Markku Kaste, Satu Mustanoja, Helena GyllingAbstract:Abstract Background and Aims It is not known whether dietary intake of plant stanols or sterols changes the composition of arterial sterols. Therefore, we compared serum and carotid artery cholesterol and non-cholesterol sterols after plant stanol (staest) or sterol (steest) ester feeding in endarterectomized patients. Methods and Results Elderly statin-treated asymptomatic patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy were randomized double-blind to consume staest ( n =11) or steest ( n =11) spread (2g of stanol or sterol/day) for four weeks preoperatively. Non-cholesterol sterols from serum and carotid artery tissue were analysed with gas-liquid chromatography. Staest spread lowered serum total (17.2%), VLDL, and LDL cholesterol and serum triglycerides, while steest spread lowered serum total (13.8%) and LDL cholesterol levels from baseline ( p p Conclusion The novel observations were that plant stanol ester consumption, in contrast to plant sterols, tended to reduce carotid artery plant sterols in statin-treated patients. Furthermore, despite increased serum Sitostanol contents during plant stanol ester consumption, their arterial levels were unchanged suggesting that Sitostanol is not taken up into the arterial wall.
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retinol vitamin d carotenes and α tocopherol in serum of a moderately hypercholesterolemic population consuming Sitostanol ester margarine
Atherosclerosis, 1999Co-Authors: Helena Gylling, Pekka Puska, Erkki Vartiainen, Tatu A MiettinenAbstract:We have shown earlier that Sitostanol ester margarine lowers serum cholesterol by inhibiting cholesterol absorption so that, theoretically, there could be interference with the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins. Accordingly, we investigated whether Sitostanol ester margarine affects the serum levels of vitamin D, retinol, α-tocopherol and α- and β-carotenes during 1-year treatment in 102 subjects and 49 controls with moderate hypercholesterolemia. The vitamins were assayed at baseline on home diet, on margarine alone, after 1 year's consumption of Sitostanol ester margarine and after an additional 2 months on home diet. In the Sitostanol group, serum plant sterols, indicators of cholesterol absorption efficiency, were reduced up to −38% in relation to controls from home diet (P<0.01) indicating that cholesterol absorption was markedly reduced. Vitamin D and retinol concentrations and the ratio of α-tocopherol to cholesterol were unchanged by Sitostanol ester. Serum β-carotenes and α-carotene concentration but not proportion were reduced in the Sitostanol group from baseline and in relation to controls (P<0.01). Retinol and vitamin D were unassociated with serum cholesterol, plant sterols or other vitamins, whereas α-tocopherol and carotenes were significantly associated with serum plant sterols suggesting that the higher cholesterol absorption efficiency, the higher the α-tocopherol and carotene levels in serum. We conclude that Sitostanol ester did not affect vitamin D and retinol concentrations and α-tocopherol/cholesterol proportion, but reduced serum β-carotene levels. α-Tocopherol and carotenes, but not vitamin D and retinol, were related to serum cholesterol and cholesterol absorption.
María Jesús Martínez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Optimization of lipase-catalyzed synthesis of β-Sitostanol esters by response surface methodology.
Food chemistry, 2018Co-Authors: Neumara L.s. Hakalin, María Molina-gutiérrez, Alicia Prieto, María Jesús MartínezAbstract:Abstract The esters of β-Sitostanol and fatty acids are known for their effect as cholesterol-lowering agents. In this work, the efficiency of three lipases as biocatalysts of the esterification of β-Sitostanol and C16 and C18 fatty acids was compared. The sterol esterase of Ophiostoma piceae (OPEr) yielded the highest esterification rates and was selected for further optimization of the reaction. The effects of four parameters (temperature, enzymatic dosage, acyl donor concentration, and reaction time) on ester synthesis were investigated and the process conditions were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). The best conditions for esterification for each fatty acid were predicted using a second-order model, and experimentally validated. Very high esterification efficiencies (86–97%) were observed using the predicted values for the four variables. This approach was shown to be suitable for optimizing the enzymatic production of β-Sitostanol esters, which represents a green alternative to the chemical synthesis of these dietary complements.
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green synthesis of β Sitostanol esters catalyzed by the versatile lipase sterol esterase from ophiostoma piceae
Food Chemistry, 2017Co-Authors: Maria Molinagutierrez, Neumara L.s. Hakalin, Alicia Prieto, Leonor Rodriguezsanchez, María Jesús MartínezAbstract:Abstract β-Sitostanol esters, used as dietary complement for decreasing cholesterol absorption, have been synthesized at 28 °C via direct esterification or transesterification catalyzed by the versatile lipase/sterol esterase from the ascomycete fungus O. piceae . Direct esterification was conducted in biphasic isooctane: water systems containing 10 mM β-Sitostanol and lauric or oleic acid as acyl donors, reaching 90% esterification in 3 h with the recombinant enzyme. The use of molar excesses of the free fatty acids did not improve direct esterification rate, and the enzyme did not convert one of the two fatty acids preferentially when both were simultaneously available. On the other hand, solvent-free transesterification was an extremely efficient mechanism to synthesize β-sitostanyl oleate, yielding virtually full conversion of up to 80 mM β-Sitostanol in 2 h. This process may represent a promising green alternative to the current chemical synthesis of these esters of unquestionable nutraceutical value.
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Green synthesis of β-Sitostanol esters catalyzed by the versatile lipase/sterol esterase from Ophiostoma piceae.
Food chemistry, 2016Co-Authors: María Molina-gutiérrez, Neumara L.s. Hakalin, Leonor Rodríguez-sánchez, Alicia Prieto, María Jesús MartínezAbstract:β-Sitostanol esters, used as dietary complement for decreasing cholesterol absorption, have been synthesized at 28°C via direct esterification or transesterification catalyzed by the versatile lipase/sterol esterase from the ascomycete fungus O. piceae. Direct esterification was conducted in biphasic isooctane: water systems containing 10mM β-Sitostanol and lauric or oleic acid as acyl donors, reaching 90% esterification in 3h with the recombinant enzyme. The use of molar excesses of the free fatty acids did not improve direct esterification rate, and the enzyme did not convert one of the two fatty acids preferentially when both were simultaneously available. On the other hand, solvent-free transesterification was an extremely efficient mechanism to synthesize β-sitostanyl oleate, yielding virtually full conversion of up to 80mM β-Sitostanol in 2h. This process may represent a promising green alternative to the current chemical synthesis of these esters of unquestionable nutraceutical value.