The Experts below are selected from a list of 29043 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Michael T Kiley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
the supply of Skilled Labour and skill biased technological progress
The Economic Journal, 1999Co-Authors: Michael T KileyAbstract:This paper presents a model in which the adoption of skill-biased or "unSkilled-biased" technologies is endogenous. In this model of endogenous technology choice, an increase in the supply of Skilled Labour leads to a temporary fall in the skill premium, followed by an expanding gap between the wages of Skilled and unSkilled workers as technologies adjust towards the more skill-intensive mix appropriate for the greater skill of the workforce. The adjustment in the technology mix results in slower output growth along the transition path.
-
the supply of Skilled Labour and skill biased technological progress
The Economic Journal, 1997Co-Authors: Michael T KileyAbstract:Rising inequality in the relative wages of Skilled and unSkilled labor in the 1980's is often attributed to skill-biased technological progress. This paper presents a model in which the adoption of skill-biased or "unSkilled-biased" technologies is endogenous. Conventional wisdom states that an increase in the supply of Skilled labor lowers the relative wage of Skilled to unSkilled labor. In this paper's endogenous growth model, an increase in the supply of Skilled labor leads to temporary stagnation in the wages of unSkilled workers and an expanding gap between the wages of Skilled and unSkilled workers. An increase in the supply of Skilled labor accelerates skill-biased technological change, and, under plausible conditions, lowers output growth at least temporarily.
Stephen G Cecchetti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
why does financial sector growth crowd out real economic growth
2015Co-Authors: Stephen G Cecchetti, Enisse KharroubiAbstract:In this paper we examine the negative relationship between the rate of growth of the financial sector and the rate of growth of total factor productivity. We begin by showing that by disproportionately benefiting high collateral/low productivity projects, an exogenous increase in finance reduces total factor productivity growth. Then, in a model with Skilled workers and endogenous financial sector growth, we establish the possibility of multiple equilibria. In the equilibrium where Skilled Labour works in finance, the financial sector grows more quickly at the expense of the real economy. We go on to show that consistent with this theory, financial growth disproportionately harms financially dependent and R&D-intensive industries.
-
why does financial sector growth crowd out real economic growth
2013Co-Authors: Stephen G Cecchetti, Enisse KharroubiAbstract:In this paper we examine the negative relationship between the rate of growth of finance and the rate of growth of total factor productivity. We begin by showing that by disproportionately benefiting highcollateral/low-productivity projects, an exogenous increase in finance reduces total factor productivity growth. Then, in a model with Skilled workers and endogenous financial sector growth, we establish the possibility of multiple equilibria. In the equilibrium where Skilled Labour works in finance, the financial sector grows more quickly at the expense of the real economy. We go on to show that consistent with this theory, financial growth disproportionately harms financially dependent and R&D-intensive industries.
Martyna Janjua - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
the shifting landscape of immigration policy in canada implications for health human resources
Health Policy, 2011Co-Authors: Sioban Nelson, Sarita Verma, Linda Mcgillis Hall, Denise Gastaldo, Martyna JanjuaAbstract:For many years, Canada has relied on international migration to compensate for cyclical shortages in its Skilled Labour force. This paper reports on recent changes in Canadian immigration policy, namely, the introduction of new immigration programs focused on Skilled workers, along with the implementation of domestic mobility agreements. With specific reference to the case of nursing, the paper highlights the necessity for integrated policy across multiple government levels and stakeholder groups, as well as the need to promote the development of evidence-based policy in the fields of immigration and health human resources.
Michelangelo Puliga - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
high Skilled Labour mobility in europe before and after the 2004 enlargement
Journal of the Royal Society Interface, 2017Co-Authors: Alexander M Petersen, Michelangelo PuligaAbstract:The extent to which international high-Skilled mobility channels are forming is a question of great importance in an increasingly global knowledge-based economy. One factor facilitating the growth of high-Skilled Labour markets is the standardization of certifiable degrees meriting international recognition. Within this context, we analysed an extensive high-Skilled mobility database comprising roughly 382 000 individuals from five broad profession groups (Medical, Education, Technical, Science & Engineering and Business & Legal) over the period 1997-2014, using the 13-country expansion of the European Union (EU) to provide insight into Labour market integration. We compare the periods before and after the 2004 enlargement, showing the emergence of a new east-west migration channel between the 13 mostly eastern EU entrants (E) and the rest of the western European countries (W). Indeed, we observe a net directional loss of human capital from E → W, representing 29% of the total mobility after 2004. Nevertheless, the counter-migration from W → E is 7% of the total mobility over the same period, signalling the emergence of brain circulation within the EU. Our analysis of the country-country mobility networks and the country-profession bipartite networks provides timely quantitative evidence for the convergent integration of the EU, and highlights the central role of the UK and Germany as high-Skilled Labour hubs. We conclude with two data-driven models to explore the structural dynamics of the mobility networks. First, we develop a reconfiguration model to explore the potential ramifications of Brexit and the degree to which redirection of high-Skilled Labourers away from the UK may impact the integration of the rest of the European mobility network. Second, we use a panel regression model to explain empirical high-Skilled mobility rates in terms of various economic 'push-pull' factors, the results of which show that government expenditure on education, per capita wealth, geographical proximity and Labour force size are significant attractive features of destination countries.
Massimiliano Tani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
short term Skilled Labour movements and economic growth
International Migration, 2008Co-Authors: Massimiliano TaniAbstract:Economic models typically study the long-term effects of migration, and hence emphasise their impact on a country’s endowment of skills using net migration rates. This approach however does not take into account the contribution of short-term movements of Skilled Labour on a country’s stock of knowledge and ability to innovate. This paper develops a theoretical approach to extend the analysis to gross migration flows, which captures the volume of interactions and the potential for knowledge exchanges between a country’s Skilled Labour and workers living elsewhere. One implication of the approach developed is that higher growth can be achieved through higher international Labour mobility, even if there is no net migration. Countries that find it difficult or impossible to attract Skilled Labour on a permanent basis may therefore enjoy the growth effect brought by Skilled temporary migrants. Mouvements de main-d’œuvre qualifiee de courte duree et croissance economique C’est sur le long terme que sont habituellement etudies les effets des migrations dans les modeles economiques, et leur incidence sur la dotation d’un pays en matiere de competences est ainsi exprimee sous la forme de taux de migration nets. Cette approche ne prend cependant pas en compte l’apport des mouvements de main-d’œuvre qualifiee de courte duree a la reserve de savoir d’un pays et a sa capacite d’innovation. Le present article elabore une approche theorique visant aetendre l’analyse aux flux migratoires bruts, qui traduisent le volume des interactions et les echanges potentiels de connaissances entre la main-d’œuvre qualifiee d’un pays et les travailleurs qui vivent ailleurs. L’une des consequences de cette approche est que la croissance peut augmenter sous l’effet d’une mobilite internationale accrue de main-d’œuvre, meme en l’absence de migration nette. Les pays qui trouvent difficile ou impossible d’attirer de facon permanente une main-d’œuvre qualifiee peuvent donc beneficier de l’effet de croissance qu’apportent les migrants qualifies temporaires. Movimientos de mano de obra calificada de corta duracion y crecimiento economico Generalmente, los modelos economicos estudian los efectos a largo plazo de la migracion y ponen de relieve las repercusiones que ello tiene en la dotacion nacional de competencias, utilizando tasas netas de migracion. Ello no obstante, esta perspectiva no tiene en cuenta la contribucion de los movimientos de mano de obra calificada de corta duracion en el contingente de conocimientos del pais ni en la habilidad de innovar. Este articulo desarrolla una perspectiva teorica para extender el analisis a considerables flujos migratorios que captan el volumen de interacciones y el potencial para el intercambio de conocimientos entre la mano de obra calificada de un pais y los trabajadores residentes en el extranjero. Una de las repercusiones de la perspectiva desarrollada es que la mayor movilidad laboral internacional trae consigo el crecimiento, aunque no haya una inmigracion neta. Los paises que encuentran dificil o imposible atraer a mano de obra calificada a titulo permanente bien podrian aprovechar los efectos de crecimiento aportados por la migracion temporal de personal calificado.
-
head content or headcount short term Skilled Labour movements as a source of growth
Research Papers in Economics, 2006Co-Authors: Massimiliano TaniAbstract:This paper contributes a theoretical model to study the effects of short-term movements of Skilled Labour on a country's economic growth. As traditional migration models emphasise the long-term effects of migration on factor endowments, they typically omit the analysis of gross Labour flows. Gross flows however capture the volume of interactions and knowledge exchanges between workers living in different countries, which in turn affect the stock of knowledge available to their places of residences, and hence their ability to innovate and grow. A simulation based on available US, British and Australian data on international business visits reveals that short-term Skilled Labour movements have a positive and not insignificant effect on growth.
