The Experts below are selected from a list of 231 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Thomas V. Riley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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susceptibility of transient and commensal Skin Flora to the essential oil of melaleuca alternifolia tea tree oil
American Journal of Infection Control, 1996Co-Authors: Katherine A. Hammer, Christine F. Carson, Thomas V. RileyAbstract:Abstract Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the susceptibility of a range of transient and commensal Skin Flora to the essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia , or tea tree. Methods: A modified broth microdilution method was used. Polyoxyethylene sorbitan mono-oleate detergent was added to the test medium to enhance solubility of the tea tree oil. Results: Serratia marcescens had the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC 90 ) of 0.25%. The highest MIC 90 was 3% for Pseudomonas aeruginosa . The lowest minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC 90 ) was 0.25% for S. marcescens and Klebsiella pneumoniae , whereas the highest was 8% for Staphylococcus capitis . Conclusions: S. aureus and most of the gram-negative bacteria tested were more susceptible to tea tree oil than the coagulase-negative staphylocci and micrococci. These results suggest that tea tree oil may be useful in removing transient Skin Flora while suppressing but maintaining resident Flora.
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Susceptibility of transient and commensal Skin Flora to the essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree oil).
American journal of infection control, 1996Co-Authors: Katherine A. Hammer, Christine F. Carson, Thomas V. RileyAbstract:The purpose of this study was to determine the susceptibility of a range of transient and commensal Skin Flora to the essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia, or tea tree. A modified broth microdilution method was used. Polyoxyethylene sorbitan mono-oleate detergent was added to the test medium to enhance solubility of the tea tree oil. Serratia marcescens had the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC90) of 0.25%. The highest MIC90 was 3% for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The lowest minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC90) was 0.25% for S. marcescens and Klebsiella pneumoniae, whereas the highest was 8% for Staphylococcus capitis. S. aureus and most of the gram-negative bacteria tested were more susceptible to tea tree oil than the coagulase-negative staphylococci and micrococci. These results suggest that tea tree oil may be useful in removing transient Skin Flora while suppressing but maintaining resident Flora.
Axel Kramer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Comparison of the antimicrobial efficacy of povidone-iodine-alcohol versus chlorhexidine-alcohol for surgical Skin preparation on the aerobic and anaerobic Skin Flora of the shoulder region.
Antimicrobial resistance and infection control, 2021Co-Authors: Dorothea Dörfel, Ojan Assadian, Georg Daeschlein, Matthias Maiwald, Gerald Müller, Robert Hudek, Günter Kampf, Thomas Kohlmann, Julian C. Harnoss, Axel KramerAbstract:Cutibacterium acnes is part of the anaerobic Skin microbiome and resides in deeper Skin layers. The organism is an agent of surgical site infections (SSI) in shoulder surgery. We hypothesized that prolonged Skin preparation with an agent that penetrates deeply into the Skin would be beneficial. Thus, we compared two classes of antiseptics, each combined with alcohol, each applied with two different contact times. Using a cross-over arrangement, shoulders of 16 healthy volunteers were treated for 2.5 min (standard) or 30 min (prolonged) with alcohol-based chlorhexidine (CHG-ALC) or alcohol-based povidone-iodine (PVP-I-ALC). Skin sites were sampled before, immediately after, and 3 h after treatment, using a standardized cup-scrub technique. Aerobic Skin Flora was reduced more effectively by PVP-I-ALC than by CHG-ALC after 2.5 min application and immediate sampling (reduction factor [RF] 2.55 ± 0.75 vs. 1.94 ± 0.91, p = 0.04), but not after prolonged contact times and 3-h sampling. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were completely eliminated after PVP-I-ALC application, but still recovered from 4 of 32 samples after CHG-ALC application. Anaerobic Flora was reduced more effectively by PVP-I-ALC than CHG-ALC after standard (RF 3.96 ± 1.46 vs. 1.74 ± 1.24, p < 0.01) and prolonged (RF 3.14 ± 1.20 vs. 1.38 ± 1.16, p < 0.01) contact times and immediate sampling, but not after 3-h sampling. No adverse events were reported. PVP-I-ALC showed marginal benefits concerning the aerobic Flora, but more substantial benefits over CHG-ALC concerning the anaerobic Flora of the shoulder. Standard and prolonged contact times showed superiority for PVP-I-ALC for anaerobic Flora at all immediate sampling points, but missed significance at 3-h sampling. The results underscore the need for protection against C. acnes and coagulase-negative staphylococci in orthopaedic surgery. The clinical relevance of these findings, however, should be studied with SSI as an endpoint.
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comparison of the antimicrobial efficacy of povidone iodine alcohol versus chlorhexidine alcohol for surgical Skin preparation on the aerobic and anaerobic Skin Flora of the shoulder region
Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control, 2021Co-Authors: Dorothea Dörfel, Ojan Assadian, Georg Daeschlein, Matthias Maiwald, Gerald Müller, Robert Hudek, Günter Kampf, Thomas Kohlmann, Julian C. Harnoss, Axel KramerAbstract:BACKGROUND Cutibacterium acnes is part of the anaerobic Skin microbiome and resides in deeper Skin layers. The organism is an agent of surgical site infections (SSI) in shoulder surgery. We hypothesized that prolonged Skin preparation with an agent that penetrates deeply into the Skin would be beneficial. Thus, we compared two classes of antiseptics, each combined with alcohol, each applied with two different contact times. METHODS Using a cross-over arrangement, shoulders of 16 healthy volunteers were treated for 2.5 min (standard) or 30 min (prolonged) with alcohol-based chlorhexidine (CHG-ALC) or alcohol-based povidone-iodine (PVP-I-ALC). Skin sites were sampled before, immediately after, and 3 h after treatment, using a standardized cup-scrub technique. RESULTS Aerobic Skin Flora was reduced more effectively by PVP-I-ALC than by CHG-ALC after 2.5 min application and immediate sampling (reduction factor [RF] 2.55 ± 0.75 vs. 1.94 ± 0.91, p = 0.04), but not after prolonged contact times and 3-h sampling. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were completely eliminated after PVP-I-ALC application, but still recovered from 4 of 32 samples after CHG-ALC application. Anaerobic Flora was reduced more effectively by PVP-I-ALC than CHG-ALC after standard (RF 3.96 ± 1.46 vs. 1.74 ± 1.24, p < 0.01) and prolonged (RF 3.14 ± 1.20 vs. 1.38 ± 1.16, p < 0.01) contact times and immediate sampling, but not after 3-h sampling. No adverse events were reported. CONCLUSIONS PVP-I-ALC showed marginal benefits concerning the aerobic Flora, but more substantial benefits over CHG-ALC concerning the anaerobic Flora of the shoulder. Standard and prolonged contact times showed superiority for PVP-I-ALC for anaerobic Flora at all immediate sampling points, but missed significance at 3-h sampling. The results underscore the need for protection against C. acnes and coagulase-negative staphylococci in orthopaedic surgery. The clinical relevance of these findings, however, should be studied with SSI as an endpoint.
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suppression of surgeons bacterial hand Flora during surgical procedures with a new antimicrobial surgical glove
Surgical Infections, 2014Co-Authors: Ojan Assadian, Miranda Suchomel, Kenneth Ouriel, David Leaper, Martin Rottman, Axel Kramer, Marylouise Mclaws, Afshin AssadianAbstract:Abstract Background: Perforations of surgical gloves are common and increase with the duration of glove wear. Skin Flora, re-grown after pre-operative disinfection of the hands, may contaminate a surgical site. An antimicrobial surgical glove with chlorhexidine on its inner surface has been developed. We hypothesized that by suppressing the re-growth of Skin Flora during the complete course of a surgical procedure, antimicrobial gloves may reduce the risk of surgical site contamination in the event of an intra-operative glove breach. Methods: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, single-center trial, to measure any differences in the bacterial Skin populations of surgeons' hands during surgical procedures done with antimicrobial and non-antimicrobial surgical gloves [ISRCTN71391952]. In this study, 25 pairs of gloves were retrieved from 14 surgeons who donned them randomly on their dominant or non-dominant hand. The number of bacteria retrieved from glove fluid was measured and expressed as colony form...
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kinetics of physiological Skin Flora in a suction blister wound model on healthy subjects after treatment with water filtered infrared a radiation
Skin Pharmacology and Physiology, 2012Co-Authors: Georg Daeschlein, Axel Kramer, J. Alborova, Alexa Patzelt, J. LademannAbstract:The effect of water-filtered infrared-A radiation (wIRA) on normal Skin Flora was investigated by generating experimental wounds on the forearms of volunteers utilizing the suction blister technique.
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Kinetics of Physiological Skin Flora in a Suction Blister Wound Model on Healthy Subjects after Treatment with Water-Filtered Infrared-A Radiation
Skin pharmacology and physiology, 2011Co-Authors: Georg Daeschlein, Axel Kramer, J. Alborova, Alexa Patzelt, J. LademannAbstract:The effect of water-filtered infrared-A radiation (wIRA) on normal Skin Flora was investigated by generating experimental wounds on the forearms of volunteers utilizing the suction blister technique. Over 7 days, recolonization was monitored parallel to wound healing. Four groups of treatment were compared: no therapy (A), dexpanthenol cream once daily (B), 20 min wIRA irradiation at 30 cm distance (C), and wIRA irradiation for 30 min once daily together with dexpanthenol cream once daily (D). All treatments strongly inhibited the recolonization of the wounds. Whereas dexpanthenol completely suppressed recolonization over the test period, recolonization after wIRA without (C) and in combination with dexpanthenol (D) was suppressed, but started on day 5 with considerably higher amounts after the combination treatment (D). Whereas the consequence without treatment (A) was an increasing amount of physiological Skin Flora including coagulase-negative staphylococci, all treatments (B-D) led to a reduction in physiological Skin Flora, including coagulase-negative staphylococci. In healthy volunteers, wIRA alone and in combination with dexpanthenol strongly inhibited bacterial recolonization with physiological Skin Flora after artificial wound setting using a suction-blister wound model. This could support the beneficial effects of wIRA in the promotion of wound healing.
Georg Daeschlein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Comparison of the antimicrobial efficacy of povidone-iodine-alcohol versus chlorhexidine-alcohol for surgical Skin preparation on the aerobic and anaerobic Skin Flora of the shoulder region.
Antimicrobial resistance and infection control, 2021Co-Authors: Dorothea Dörfel, Ojan Assadian, Georg Daeschlein, Matthias Maiwald, Gerald Müller, Robert Hudek, Günter Kampf, Thomas Kohlmann, Julian C. Harnoss, Axel KramerAbstract:Cutibacterium acnes is part of the anaerobic Skin microbiome and resides in deeper Skin layers. The organism is an agent of surgical site infections (SSI) in shoulder surgery. We hypothesized that prolonged Skin preparation with an agent that penetrates deeply into the Skin would be beneficial. Thus, we compared two classes of antiseptics, each combined with alcohol, each applied with two different contact times. Using a cross-over arrangement, shoulders of 16 healthy volunteers were treated for 2.5 min (standard) or 30 min (prolonged) with alcohol-based chlorhexidine (CHG-ALC) or alcohol-based povidone-iodine (PVP-I-ALC). Skin sites were sampled before, immediately after, and 3 h after treatment, using a standardized cup-scrub technique. Aerobic Skin Flora was reduced more effectively by PVP-I-ALC than by CHG-ALC after 2.5 min application and immediate sampling (reduction factor [RF] 2.55 ± 0.75 vs. 1.94 ± 0.91, p = 0.04), but not after prolonged contact times and 3-h sampling. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were completely eliminated after PVP-I-ALC application, but still recovered from 4 of 32 samples after CHG-ALC application. Anaerobic Flora was reduced more effectively by PVP-I-ALC than CHG-ALC after standard (RF 3.96 ± 1.46 vs. 1.74 ± 1.24, p < 0.01) and prolonged (RF 3.14 ± 1.20 vs. 1.38 ± 1.16, p < 0.01) contact times and immediate sampling, but not after 3-h sampling. No adverse events were reported. PVP-I-ALC showed marginal benefits concerning the aerobic Flora, but more substantial benefits over CHG-ALC concerning the anaerobic Flora of the shoulder. Standard and prolonged contact times showed superiority for PVP-I-ALC for anaerobic Flora at all immediate sampling points, but missed significance at 3-h sampling. The results underscore the need for protection against C. acnes and coagulase-negative staphylococci in orthopaedic surgery. The clinical relevance of these findings, however, should be studied with SSI as an endpoint.
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comparison of the antimicrobial efficacy of povidone iodine alcohol versus chlorhexidine alcohol for surgical Skin preparation on the aerobic and anaerobic Skin Flora of the shoulder region
Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control, 2021Co-Authors: Dorothea Dörfel, Ojan Assadian, Georg Daeschlein, Matthias Maiwald, Gerald Müller, Robert Hudek, Günter Kampf, Thomas Kohlmann, Julian C. Harnoss, Axel KramerAbstract:BACKGROUND Cutibacterium acnes is part of the anaerobic Skin microbiome and resides in deeper Skin layers. The organism is an agent of surgical site infections (SSI) in shoulder surgery. We hypothesized that prolonged Skin preparation with an agent that penetrates deeply into the Skin would be beneficial. Thus, we compared two classes of antiseptics, each combined with alcohol, each applied with two different contact times. METHODS Using a cross-over arrangement, shoulders of 16 healthy volunteers were treated for 2.5 min (standard) or 30 min (prolonged) with alcohol-based chlorhexidine (CHG-ALC) or alcohol-based povidone-iodine (PVP-I-ALC). Skin sites were sampled before, immediately after, and 3 h after treatment, using a standardized cup-scrub technique. RESULTS Aerobic Skin Flora was reduced more effectively by PVP-I-ALC than by CHG-ALC after 2.5 min application and immediate sampling (reduction factor [RF] 2.55 ± 0.75 vs. 1.94 ± 0.91, p = 0.04), but not after prolonged contact times and 3-h sampling. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were completely eliminated after PVP-I-ALC application, but still recovered from 4 of 32 samples after CHG-ALC application. Anaerobic Flora was reduced more effectively by PVP-I-ALC than CHG-ALC after standard (RF 3.96 ± 1.46 vs. 1.74 ± 1.24, p < 0.01) and prolonged (RF 3.14 ± 1.20 vs. 1.38 ± 1.16, p < 0.01) contact times and immediate sampling, but not after 3-h sampling. No adverse events were reported. CONCLUSIONS PVP-I-ALC showed marginal benefits concerning the aerobic Flora, but more substantial benefits over CHG-ALC concerning the anaerobic Flora of the shoulder. Standard and prolonged contact times showed superiority for PVP-I-ALC for anaerobic Flora at all immediate sampling points, but missed significance at 3-h sampling. The results underscore the need for protection against C. acnes and coagulase-negative staphylococci in orthopaedic surgery. The clinical relevance of these findings, however, should be studied with SSI as an endpoint.
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Antimicrobial efficacy of preoperative Skin antisepsis and clonal relationship to postantiseptic Skin-and-wound Flora in patients undergoing clean orthopedic surgery.
European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 2015Co-Authors: Georg Daeschlein, Ojan Assadian, Matthias Napp, Franziska Layer, S. Von Podewils, Hermann Haase, Romy Spitzmueller, Richard Kasch, Guido Werner, Michael JüngerAbstract:Nosocomial surgical site infections (SSI) are still important complications in surgery. The underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to elucidate the possible role of Skin Flora surviving preoperative antisepsis as a possible cause of SSI. We conducted a two-phase prospective clinical trial in patients undergoing clean orthopedic surgery at a university trauma center in northern Germany. Quantitative swab samples were taken from pre- and postantiseptic Skin and, additionally, from the wound base, wound margin, and the suture of 137 patients. Seventy-four patients during phase I and 63 during phase II were investigated. Microbial growth, species spectrum, and antibiotic susceptibility were analyzed. In phase two, the clonal relationship of strains was additionally analyzed. 18.0 % of the swab samples were positive for bacterial growth in the wound base, 24.5 % in the margin, and 27.3 % in the suture. Only 65.5 % of patients showed a 100 % reduction of the Skin Flora after antisepsis. The microbial spectrum in all postantiseptic samples was dominated by coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS). Clonally related staphylococci were detected in ten patients [nine CoNS, one methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA)]. Six of ten patients were suspected of having transmitted identical clones from Skin Flora into the wound. Ethanol-based antisepsis results in unexpected high levels of Skin Flora, which can be transmitted into the wound during surgery causing yet unexplained SSI. Keeping with the concept of zero tolerance, further studies are needed in order to understand the origin of this Flora to allow further reduction of SSI.
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kinetics of physiological Skin Flora in a suction blister wound model on healthy subjects after treatment with water filtered infrared a radiation
Skin Pharmacology and Physiology, 2012Co-Authors: Georg Daeschlein, Axel Kramer, J. Alborova, Alexa Patzelt, J. LademannAbstract:The effect of water-filtered infrared-A radiation (wIRA) on normal Skin Flora was investigated by generating experimental wounds on the forearms of volunteers utilizing the suction blister technique.
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Kinetics of Physiological Skin Flora in a Suction Blister Wound Model on Healthy Subjects after Treatment with Water-Filtered Infrared-A Radiation
Skin pharmacology and physiology, 2011Co-Authors: Georg Daeschlein, Axel Kramer, J. Alborova, Alexa Patzelt, J. LademannAbstract:The effect of water-filtered infrared-A radiation (wIRA) on normal Skin Flora was investigated by generating experimental wounds on the forearms of volunteers utilizing the suction blister technique. Over 7 days, recolonization was monitored parallel to wound healing. Four groups of treatment were compared: no therapy (A), dexpanthenol cream once daily (B), 20 min wIRA irradiation at 30 cm distance (C), and wIRA irradiation for 30 min once daily together with dexpanthenol cream once daily (D). All treatments strongly inhibited the recolonization of the wounds. Whereas dexpanthenol completely suppressed recolonization over the test period, recolonization after wIRA without (C) and in combination with dexpanthenol (D) was suppressed, but started on day 5 with considerably higher amounts after the combination treatment (D). Whereas the consequence without treatment (A) was an increasing amount of physiological Skin Flora including coagulase-negative staphylococci, all treatments (B-D) led to a reduction in physiological Skin Flora, including coagulase-negative staphylococci. In healthy volunteers, wIRA alone and in combination with dexpanthenol strongly inhibited bacterial recolonization with physiological Skin Flora after artificial wound setting using a suction-blister wound model. This could support the beneficial effects of wIRA in the promotion of wound healing.
J. Lademann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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kinetics of physiological Skin Flora in a suction blister wound model on healthy subjects after treatment with water filtered infrared a radiation
Skin Pharmacology and Physiology, 2012Co-Authors: Georg Daeschlein, Axel Kramer, J. Alborova, Alexa Patzelt, J. LademannAbstract:The effect of water-filtered infrared-A radiation (wIRA) on normal Skin Flora was investigated by generating experimental wounds on the forearms of volunteers utilizing the suction blister technique.
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Kinetics of Physiological Skin Flora in a Suction Blister Wound Model on Healthy Subjects after Treatment with Water-Filtered Infrared-A Radiation
Skin pharmacology and physiology, 2011Co-Authors: Georg Daeschlein, Axel Kramer, J. Alborova, Alexa Patzelt, J. LademannAbstract:The effect of water-filtered infrared-A radiation (wIRA) on normal Skin Flora was investigated by generating experimental wounds on the forearms of volunteers utilizing the suction blister technique. Over 7 days, recolonization was monitored parallel to wound healing. Four groups of treatment were compared: no therapy (A), dexpanthenol cream once daily (B), 20 min wIRA irradiation at 30 cm distance (C), and wIRA irradiation for 30 min once daily together with dexpanthenol cream once daily (D). All treatments strongly inhibited the recolonization of the wounds. Whereas dexpanthenol completely suppressed recolonization over the test period, recolonization after wIRA without (C) and in combination with dexpanthenol (D) was suppressed, but started on day 5 with considerably higher amounts after the combination treatment (D). Whereas the consequence without treatment (A) was an increasing amount of physiological Skin Flora including coagulase-negative staphylococci, all treatments (B-D) led to a reduction in physiological Skin Flora, including coagulase-negative staphylococci. In healthy volunteers, wIRA alone and in combination with dexpanthenol strongly inhibited bacterial recolonization with physiological Skin Flora after artificial wound setting using a suction-blister wound model. This could support the beneficial effects of wIRA in the promotion of wound healing.
Katherine A. Hammer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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susceptibility of transient and commensal Skin Flora to the essential oil of melaleuca alternifolia tea tree oil
American Journal of Infection Control, 1996Co-Authors: Katherine A. Hammer, Christine F. Carson, Thomas V. RileyAbstract:Abstract Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the susceptibility of a range of transient and commensal Skin Flora to the essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia , or tea tree. Methods: A modified broth microdilution method was used. Polyoxyethylene sorbitan mono-oleate detergent was added to the test medium to enhance solubility of the tea tree oil. Results: Serratia marcescens had the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC 90 ) of 0.25%. The highest MIC 90 was 3% for Pseudomonas aeruginosa . The lowest minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC 90 ) was 0.25% for S. marcescens and Klebsiella pneumoniae , whereas the highest was 8% for Staphylococcus capitis . Conclusions: S. aureus and most of the gram-negative bacteria tested were more susceptible to tea tree oil than the coagulase-negative staphylocci and micrococci. These results suggest that tea tree oil may be useful in removing transient Skin Flora while suppressing but maintaining resident Flora.
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Susceptibility of transient and commensal Skin Flora to the essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree oil).
American journal of infection control, 1996Co-Authors: Katherine A. Hammer, Christine F. Carson, Thomas V. RileyAbstract:The purpose of this study was to determine the susceptibility of a range of transient and commensal Skin Flora to the essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia, or tea tree. A modified broth microdilution method was used. Polyoxyethylene sorbitan mono-oleate detergent was added to the test medium to enhance solubility of the tea tree oil. Serratia marcescens had the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC90) of 0.25%. The highest MIC90 was 3% for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The lowest minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC90) was 0.25% for S. marcescens and Klebsiella pneumoniae, whereas the highest was 8% for Staphylococcus capitis. S. aureus and most of the gram-negative bacteria tested were more susceptible to tea tree oil than the coagulase-negative staphylococci and micrococci. These results suggest that tea tree oil may be useful in removing transient Skin Flora while suppressing but maintaining resident Flora.