The Experts below are selected from a list of 14943 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Douglas R. White - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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structural cohesion and Embeddedness a hierarchical concept of Social groups
American Sociological Review, 2003Co-Authors: James Moody, Douglas R. WhiteAbstract:While questions about Social cohesion lie at the core of our discipline, no clear definition of cohesion exists. We present a definition of structural cohesion based on network connectivity that leads to an operationalization of a dimension of Social Embeddedness. Structural cohesion is defined as the minimum number of actors who, if removed from a group, would disconnect the group. This definition leads to hierarchically nested groups, where highly cohesive groups are embedded within less cohesive groups. An algorithm developed and implemented (by Authors) identifies these nested groups by levels of structural cohesion, and thus measures the maximum levels of structural cohesion possessed by individuals as members of structurally cohesive subgroups. We discuss the theoretical implications of this definition and demonstrate the empirical applicability of our conception of nestedness by testing the predicted correlates of our cohesion measure within high school friendship and interlocking directorate networks.
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Structural Cohesion and Embeddedness: A Hierarchical Concept of Social Groups
American Sociological Review, 2003Co-Authors: James Moody, Douglas R. WhiteAbstract:Although questions about Social cohesion lie at the core of our discipline, definitions are often vague and difficult to operationalize. Here, research on Social cohesion and Social Embeddedness is linked by developing a concept of structural cohesion based on network node connectivity. Structural cohesion is defined as the minimum number of actors who, if removed from a group, would disconnect the group. A structural dimension of Embeddedness can then be defined through the hierarchical nesting of these cohesive structures. The empirical applicability of nestedness is demonstrated in two dramatically different substantive settings, and additional theo- retical implications with reference to a wide array of substantive fields are discussed.
Dario Gaggio - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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pyramids of trust Social Embeddedness and political culture in two italian gold jewelry districts
Social Science Research Network, 2008Co-Authors: Dario GaggioAbstract:This article demonstrates the usefulness of the notion of Embeddedness to the historical study of Italian industrial districts of small firms and of local economic change more generally. The development of gold jewelry production in two Italian towns, Valenza Po and Arezzo, shows that vertical disintegration was enabled by the creation of networks of heterogeneous Social relations. In both towns, Social and political ties led to the creation of institutions of collective governance, which in turn produced a workable level of trust between economic actors. The production of trust, however, never ceased to be a contentious process, endowed with multiple and often contradictory meanings embedded in specific networks and contexts, ranging from collective projects of modernization in Valenza Po to the cementing of a secretive informal economy in Arezzo. The Embeddedness approach to economic action is superior both to the communitarian arguments of much of the literature on the Italian industrial districts and to transaction-cost theories, which tend to view institutions in instrumental and functionalist ways.
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pyramids of trust Social Embeddedness and political culture in two italian gold jewelry districts
Enterprise and Society, 2006Co-Authors: Dario GaggioAbstract:This article demonstrates the usefulness of the notion of Embeddedness to the historical study of Italian industrial districts of small firms and of local economic change more generally. The development of gold jewelry production in two Italian towns, Valenza Po and Arezzo, shows that vertical disintegration was enabled by the creation of networks of heterogeneous Social relations. In both towns, Social and political ties led to the creation of institutions of collective governance, which in turn produced a workable level of trust between economic actors. The production of trust, however, never ceased to be a contentious process, endowed with multiple and often contradictory meanings embedded in specific networks and contexts, ranging from collective projects of modernization in Valenza Po to the cementing of a secretive informal economy in Arezzo. The Embeddedness approach to economic action is superior both to the communitarian arguments of much of the literature on the Italian industrial districts and to transaction-cost theories, which tend to view institutions in instrumental and functionalist ways. [End Page 19]
James Moody - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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structural cohesion and Embeddedness a hierarchical concept of Social groups
American Sociological Review, 2003Co-Authors: James Moody, Douglas R. WhiteAbstract:While questions about Social cohesion lie at the core of our discipline, no clear definition of cohesion exists. We present a definition of structural cohesion based on network connectivity that leads to an operationalization of a dimension of Social Embeddedness. Structural cohesion is defined as the minimum number of actors who, if removed from a group, would disconnect the group. This definition leads to hierarchically nested groups, where highly cohesive groups are embedded within less cohesive groups. An algorithm developed and implemented (by Authors) identifies these nested groups by levels of structural cohesion, and thus measures the maximum levels of structural cohesion possessed by individuals as members of structurally cohesive subgroups. We discuss the theoretical implications of this definition and demonstrate the empirical applicability of our conception of nestedness by testing the predicted correlates of our cohesion measure within high school friendship and interlocking directorate networks.
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Structural Cohesion and Embeddedness: A Hierarchical Concept of Social Groups
American Sociological Review, 2003Co-Authors: James Moody, Douglas R. WhiteAbstract:Although questions about Social cohesion lie at the core of our discipline, definitions are often vague and difficult to operationalize. Here, research on Social cohesion and Social Embeddedness is linked by developing a concept of structural cohesion based on network node connectivity. Structural cohesion is defined as the minimum number of actors who, if removed from a group, would disconnect the group. A structural dimension of Embeddedness can then be defined through the hierarchical nesting of these cohesive structures. The empirical applicability of nestedness is demonstrated in two dramatically different substantive settings, and additional theo- retical implications with reference to a wide array of substantive fields are discussed.
Xiaowei Rose Luo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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leadership succession and firm performance in an emerging economy successor origin relational Embeddedness and legitimacy
Strategic Management Journal, 2013Co-Authors: Chinien Chung, Xiaowei Rose LuoAbstract:We examine how leadership transition affects firm performance in emerging economies. Building upon the Social Embeddedness and neo-institutional perspectives, we argue for the importance of alignment between successor origin and Social context for firm performance. We suggest that as a baseline outside successors enhance firm profitability because of the large-scale and rapid changes in emerging markets. However, this outsider premium is reduced in firms embedded in family and business group relationships, where family and inside successors can better access network resources. But the outsider premium is amplified in firms embedded in a mature market-based logic, such as high tech or foreign invested firms, because the perceived legitimacy of outsiders facilitates resource acquisition. Our arguments are supported through the analysis of Taiwanese listed firms between 1996 and 2005. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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leadership succession and firm performance in an emerging economy successor origin relational Embeddedness and legitimacy
Social Science Research Network, 2012Co-Authors: Chinien Chung, Xiaowei Rose LuoAbstract:We examine how leadership transition affects firm performance in emerging economies. Building upon the Social Embeddedness and neo-institutional perspectives, we argue for the importance of alignment between successor origin and Social context for firm performance. We suggest that as a baseline outside successors enhance firm profitability because of the large-scale and rapid changes in emerging markets. However, this outsider premium is reduced in firms embedded in family and business group relationships, where family and inside successors can better access network resources. But the outsider premium is amplified in firms embedded in a mature market-based logic, such as high-tech or foreign-invested firms, because the perceived legitimacy of outsiders facilitates resource acquisition. Our arguments are supported through the analysis of Taiwanese listed firms between 1996 and 2005.
Emily Chamleewright - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Social Embeddedness Social capital and the market process an introduction to the special issue on austrian economics economic sociology and Social capital
The Review of Austrian Economics, 2008Co-Authors: Paul Lewis, Emily ChamleewrightAbstract:Two of the most influential concepts in Social science over the past two decades have been ‘Social Embeddedness’ and ‘Social capital’. The essays in this symposium examine these concepts from the perspective provided by Austrian economics, considering their compatibility with the Austrian theory of the market process and whether reformulating them in the light of Austrian ideas can contribute fresh insights. The idea that economic activity is ‘Socially embedded’ has received widespread attention since the publication of Mark Granovetter’s seminal essay on ‘Economic Action and Social Structure: The Problem of Embeddedness’, published in the American Journal of Sociology in 1985. Hailed as a landmark in the rise of the so-called new economic sociology, Granovetter’s paper has also exerted considerable influence on various heterodox schools of economic thought (Swedberg 2003: 33–37; Davis 2004). For Granovetter, the term ‘Social Embeddedness’ refers to the fact that people are Social beings whose attributes and actions are conditioned by their location within networks of ‘concrete, ongoing personal relations’ (Granovetter 1985: 490). These personal relations are significant for two main reasons: the first concerns the motives that drive people’s actions; the second pertains to the information that informs them. Rev Austrian Econ (2008) 21:107–118 DOI 10.1007/s11138-007-0033-1
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Social Embeddedness Social capital and the market process an introduction to the special issue on austrian economics economic sociology and Social capital
2008Co-Authors: Paul Lewis, Emily ChamleewrightAbstract:Two of the most influential concepts in Social science over the past two decades have been 'Social Embeddedness' and 'Social capital'. This essay introduces a special issue of the Review of Austrian Economics in which those concepts are examined from the perspective provided by Austrian economics. In particular, the contributors consider the compatibility of notions of 'Embeddedness' and 'Social capital' with the Austrian theory of the market process and explore whether reformulating those concepts in the light of Austrian ideas can contribute fresh insights.
