The Experts below are selected from a list of 12489 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
David Schorr - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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savagery civilization and property theories of Societal Evolution and commons theory
Social Science Research Network, 2018Co-Authors: David SchorrAbstract:This article argues that modern commons theory has been substantially shaped by early modern ways of thinking about the Evolution of civilizations. In particular, it has hewed closely to models that gelled in the Enlightenment-era works known as “stadial theory,” by authors such as Lord Kames and Adam Smith, and passed down to the twentieth century, to theorists including Garrett Hardin, Harold Demsetz, and Elinor Ostrom. It argues that stadial thinking reached modern commons theorists largely through the disciplines of anthropology and human ecology, paying particular attention to the debate among anthropologists over aboriginal property rights, colonial and international development discourse, and neo-Malthusian conservationism. The effects of stadial theories’ influence include a belief among many that private property represents a more advanced stage of civilization than does the commons; and among others a Romantic yearning to return to an Eden of primitive and community-based commons. Thus do deep cultural attitudes, rooted in the speculative thinking of an earlier age, color todayʼs theories — positive and normative — of the commons.
Timothy Earle - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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dual tier approach to Societal Evolution and types
Journal of Anthropological Archaeology, 2014Co-Authors: Jill E Neitzel, Timothy EarleAbstract:Abstract The dual-tier approach to studying Societal Evolution aims to identify both specific and general processes of prehistoric change that produced greater organizational complexity. The approach involves diachronic comparisons of archaeological sequences that represent typologically similar cases. Initial comparisons are done of historically related societies within world regions so as to define each region’s organizational variability for the type and time period being considered. This variability provides important contextual information for identifying exceptionally complex cases and understanding the reasons why they developed. Next, comparisons are done of different regions’ singularly complex cases to identify similar, but historically independent, processes of Societal Evolution. Societal types guide the selection of appropriate world regions and exceptionally complex societies to compare. Focusing on chiefdoms, a classic Evolutionary type that we define by polity population size, we illustrate the dual-tier approach with late prehistoric sequences from Polynesia and the North American Southeast and Southwest. We show that the different regions’ exceptionally complex cases were located in optimal environments where they experienced population growth, intensified resource procurement, expanded political economy, and formalized religious ideology. However, the relative importance and details of these trends varied considerably. Documenting the “Goldilocks moments” that made organizational transformation possible offers a productive means for future Evolutionary studies.
Petter Tornberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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developing of the future scaffolded darwinism in Societal Evolution
Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 2014Co-Authors: Claes Andersson, Anton Tornberg, Petter TornbergAbstract:We sympathize with the project of a synthetic approach for devising a "theory of intentional change" and agree that Darwinism should be central in such a theory. But Darwinism is not the only process of Evolution that needs to be included. Evolutionary biology itself has taken such a turn recently, with the emergence of developmental Evolutionary approaches.
Jill E Neitzel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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dual tier approach to Societal Evolution and types
Journal of Anthropological Archaeology, 2014Co-Authors: Jill E Neitzel, Timothy EarleAbstract:Abstract The dual-tier approach to studying Societal Evolution aims to identify both specific and general processes of prehistoric change that produced greater organizational complexity. The approach involves diachronic comparisons of archaeological sequences that represent typologically similar cases. Initial comparisons are done of historically related societies within world regions so as to define each region’s organizational variability for the type and time period being considered. This variability provides important contextual information for identifying exceptionally complex cases and understanding the reasons why they developed. Next, comparisons are done of different regions’ singularly complex cases to identify similar, but historically independent, processes of Societal Evolution. Societal types guide the selection of appropriate world regions and exceptionally complex societies to compare. Focusing on chiefdoms, a classic Evolutionary type that we define by polity population size, we illustrate the dual-tier approach with late prehistoric sequences from Polynesia and the North American Southeast and Southwest. We show that the different regions’ exceptionally complex cases were located in optimal environments where they experienced population growth, intensified resource procurement, expanded political economy, and formalized religious ideology. However, the relative importance and details of these trends varied considerably. Documenting the “Goldilocks moments” that made organizational transformation possible offers a productive means for future Evolutionary studies.
Claes Andersson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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developing of the future scaffolded darwinism in Societal Evolution
Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 2014Co-Authors: Claes Andersson, Anton Tornberg, Petter TornbergAbstract:We sympathize with the project of a synthetic approach for devising a "theory of intentional change" and agree that Darwinism should be central in such a theory. But Darwinism is not the only process of Evolution that needs to be included. Evolutionary biology itself has taken such a turn recently, with the emergence of developmental Evolutionary approaches.
