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Aliakbar Akbarzadeh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Experimental analysis of thermoelectric heat exchanger for power generation from salinity gradient Solar Pond using low-grade heat
Journal of Electronic Materials, 2016Co-Authors: Baljit Singh Bhathal Singh, Nuraida Aadilia Baharin, Muhammad Fairuz Remeli, Amandeep Singh Oberoi, Abhijit Date, Aliakbar AkbarzadehAbstract:Salinity gradient Solar Ponds act as an integrated thermal Solar energy collector and storage system. The temperature difference between the upper convective zone and the lower convective zone of a salinity gradient Solar Pond can be in the range of 40-60°C. The temperature at the bottom of the Pond can reach up to 90°C. Low-grade heat ( < 100°C) from Solar Ponds is currently converted into electricity by organic Rankine cycle engines. Thermoelectric generators can operate at very low temperature differences and can be a good candidate to replace organic Rankine cycle engines for power generation from salinity gradient Solar Ponds. The temperature difference in a Solar Pond can be used to power thermoelectric generators for electricity production. This paper presents an experimental investigation of a thermoelectric generators heat exchanger system designed to be powered by the hot water from the lower convective zone of a Solar Pond, and cold water from the upper convective zone of a Solar Pond. The results obtained have indicated significant prospects of such a system to generate power from low-grade heat for remote area power supply systems.
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sustainable zero liquid discharge desalination szldd
Solar Energy, 2016Co-Authors: K Nakoa, Kawtar Rahaoui, Abhijit Date, Aliakbar AkbarzadehAbstract:Abstract The main purpose of this study is to develop a sustainable zero liquid discharge desalination system. Direct contact membrane distillation unit is connected directly to salinity gradient Solar Pond (SGSP) to achieve zero liquid discharge desalination. The used system contains a hydrophobic microporous membrane module and a plastic pipe circulating all over the Pond water surface to be used as a cooling system. The pipe also used as a wave suppression system as it is floating over the top of the Pond water surface. The system is sourced by the hot and high concentrated saline water that is extracted from non-convective zone as a feed solution, then, the brine discharges at the lower convective zone of the Solar Pond. Therefore, if the saturated brine is used to produce salts, there will not be any brine left over which may lead to zero liquid discharge desalination. The system is modelled theoretically and solved by Matlab simulation program. It has been found that the system has the ability to deliver 52 l/day of fresh water for m 2 of membrane coupled with SGSP, consuming almost 11 kW/m 2 of thermal energy. Also, the trans-membrane coefficient of the used membrane is proved to be 0.001 kg/m 2 /Pa/h. The results are analysed and the system performance is evaluated and presented in this paper.
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design and construction of a simple thermoelectric generator heat exchanger for power generation from salinity gradient Solar Pond
Jurnal Teknologi, 2015Co-Authors: Baljit Singh, L. C. Ding, Muhammad Fairuz Remeli, Abhijit Date, Altenaijy Saoud, Aliakbar AkbarzadehAbstract:Solar Pond is one source of renewable thermal energy. The Solar Pond collects and stores thermal energy at the lower zone of the Solar Pond. The temperature at the lower zone can reach up to 90 °C. The Solar Pond is capable storing thermal energy for a long period. The stored thermal energy can be converted into electricity by using thermoelectric generators. These thermoelectric generators can be operated using the cold and hot zones from a Solar Pond. In this paper, the experimental investigation of power generation from the Solar Pond using thermoelectric generator and simple heat exchanger is discussed. A maximum of 7.02 W of electrical power output was obtained from a simple heat exchanger with 40 thermoelectric modules.
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salinity gradient Solar Pond validation and simulation model
Solar Energy, 2013Co-Authors: Francesc Bernad, Aliakbar Akbarzadeh, J L Cortina, Oriol Gibert, S Casas, Cesar ValderramaAbstract:This paper describes the development, validation and use of a design and simulation tool for modeling the performance of a salinity gradient Solar Pond. An experimental Solar Pond pilot plant was constructed in central Catalonia (NE part of the Iberian Peninsula). The body of the Pond is a cylindrical reinforced concrete tank, with 3 m height, 8 m diameter and total area of 50 m2. The lateral tank wall has been insulated with 60 mm of rock wool. The gradient in the Solar Pond was settled and maintained since 30 September 2009 to date. The developed tool was validated by comparing simulation results to experimental data collected from the experimental Solar Pond from November 2009 until August 2011. The resulting first-order differential equations describing the overall energy balance in the Pond were solved numerically using a finite-difference method. The temperature profiles of the Pond were properly described, especially at lower subzones of the non-convective zone (NCZ) and the lower convective zone (LCZ). The higher errors between experimental and predicted values were found in the upper convective zone (UCZ). Once validated, successfully, the model was used to predict the thermal performance of pre-industrial Solar Pond to be constructed and operated in Granada, SW of Spain. The thermal profiles predicted temperature differences between surface and bottom of around 40 °C during summer time, with a maximum temperature of 75 °C. The energy efficiency of the LCZ was anticipated to range between 12% and 25% along one year operation, resulting in 16% of incoming radiation to be extractable for site application.
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heat extraction from non convective and lower convective zones of the Solar Pond a transient study
Solar Energy, 2013Co-Authors: Abhijit Date, Yusli Yaakob, Ashwin Date, Shankar Krishnapillai, Aliakbar AkbarzadehAbstract:Abstract Heat extraction from the Non-Convective Zone (NCZ) or gradient layer and Lower Convective Zone (LCZ) of the Solar Pond has been investigated through one-dimensional finite difference transient model. Instantaneous efficiency of the Solar Pond is introduced and defined in this paper. The Solar Pond considered in the present study is assumed to have an in-Pond heat exchanger for heat extraction. The rate of heat transfer is controlled by the mass flux of heat transfer fluid in this model. As in reality mass flux of heat transfer fluid is the simplest and most practical way to control the rate of heat extraction. In this model for an ideal situation it is assumed that the heat transfer fluid is initially at the local daily average ambient temperature and the in-Pond heat exchanger has heat transfer effectiveness equal to unity. With these assumptions the model can predict the thermal performance of the Solar Pond with maximum heat extraction for a desired mass flux of the heat transfer fluid. This paper presents the comparison of the transient thermal performance of Solar Pond with heat extraction from LCZ alone and that with combined heat extraction from LCZ and NCZ. It is shown how the efficiency of the Solar Pond increases when heat is extracted from both NCZ and LCZ. The main objective of this study is to offer a simple method to predict transient thermal performance of a Solar Pond with heat extraction from NCZ and to estimate the mass flux of heat transfer fluid used in an in-Pond heat exchanger for heat extraction from different layers of Solar Pond.
Behrooz M. Ziapour - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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exergoeconomic analysis of the salinity gradient Solar Pond power plants using two phase closed thermosyphon a comparative study
Applied Thermal Engineering, 2017Co-Authors: Behrooz M. Ziapour, Mehdi ShokrniaAbstract:Abstract An exergoeconomic analysis is carried out on the Solar Pond power plants. The two power generation systems including the pump design and the two-phase closed thermosyphon (TPCT) design are presented for Solar Pond power plants and compared from the viewpoint of exergoeconomics. The results show that the evaporators have the lowest values of exergoeconomic factor in both designs and the turbines have the highest values of total cost rate. In overall system, the values of the total cost rate, the exergoeconomic factor and the unit cost of produced power for TPCT design are more favorable than the corresPonding values for pump design. In the optimum states, the maximum net produced power is determined to be 57.059 kW for TPCT design and the minimum total cost rate is found to be 2.583 $/h for pump design.
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Power generation enhancement in a salinity-gradient Solar Pond power plant using thermoelectric generator
Energy Conversion and Management, 2017Co-Authors: Behrooz M. Ziapour, Mohammad Saadat, Vahid Palideh, Sadegh AfzalAbstract:Salinity-gradient Solar Pond (SGSP) has been a reliable supply of heat source for power generation when it has been integrated with low temperature thermodynamics cycles like organic Rankine cycle (ORC). Also, thermoelectric generator (TEG) plays a critical role in the production of electricity from renewable energy sources. This paper investigates the potential of thermoelectric generator as a power generation system using heat from SGSP. In this work, thermoelectric generator was used instead of condenser of ORC with the purpose of improving the performance of system. Two new models of SGSP have been presented as: (1) SGSP using TEG in condenser of ORC without heat exchanger and (2) SGSP using TEG in condenser of ORC with heat exchanger. These proposed systems was evaluated through computer simulations. The ambient conditions were collected from beach of Urmia lake in IRAN. Simulation results indicated that, for identical conditions, the model 1 has higher performance than other model 2. For models 1 and 2 in TLCZ = 90 °C, the overall thermal efficiency of the Solar Pond power plant, were obtained 0.21% and 0.2% more than ORC without TEG, respectively.
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comparatively study between single phase and two phase modes of energy extraction in a salinity gradient Solar Pond power plant
Energy, 2016Co-Authors: Behrooz M. Ziapour, Mehdi Shokrnia, Mohammad NaseriAbstract:Abstract The common process in all applications of a salinity-gradient Solar Pond (SGSP) is the energy extraction process using single-phase mode heat transfer with some limitations such as pumping the large amount of mass flow rate, and need for big size of heat exchanger. In every respect, two-phase mode heat transfer can be selected as an advantage due to its passive case of operation and comparatively high heat transfer capacity with rational system size. In this paper, an enhanced design of a large scale SGSP power plant using some two-phase closed thermosyphons has been simulated and compared with the single-phase mode heat transfer. The simulation results showed that the overall thermal efficiency of the Solar Pond power plant was the highest using both thermosyphons and heat exchangers.
Abhijit Date - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Experimental analysis of thermoelectric heat exchanger for power generation from salinity gradient Solar Pond using low-grade heat
Journal of Electronic Materials, 2016Co-Authors: Baljit Singh Bhathal Singh, Nuraida Aadilia Baharin, Muhammad Fairuz Remeli, Amandeep Singh Oberoi, Abhijit Date, Aliakbar AkbarzadehAbstract:Salinity gradient Solar Ponds act as an integrated thermal Solar energy collector and storage system. The temperature difference between the upper convective zone and the lower convective zone of a salinity gradient Solar Pond can be in the range of 40-60°C. The temperature at the bottom of the Pond can reach up to 90°C. Low-grade heat ( < 100°C) from Solar Ponds is currently converted into electricity by organic Rankine cycle engines. Thermoelectric generators can operate at very low temperature differences and can be a good candidate to replace organic Rankine cycle engines for power generation from salinity gradient Solar Ponds. The temperature difference in a Solar Pond can be used to power thermoelectric generators for electricity production. This paper presents an experimental investigation of a thermoelectric generators heat exchanger system designed to be powered by the hot water from the lower convective zone of a Solar Pond, and cold water from the upper convective zone of a Solar Pond. The results obtained have indicated significant prospects of such a system to generate power from low-grade heat for remote area power supply systems.
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sustainable zero liquid discharge desalination szldd
Solar Energy, 2016Co-Authors: K Nakoa, Kawtar Rahaoui, Abhijit Date, Aliakbar AkbarzadehAbstract:Abstract The main purpose of this study is to develop a sustainable zero liquid discharge desalination system. Direct contact membrane distillation unit is connected directly to salinity gradient Solar Pond (SGSP) to achieve zero liquid discharge desalination. The used system contains a hydrophobic microporous membrane module and a plastic pipe circulating all over the Pond water surface to be used as a cooling system. The pipe also used as a wave suppression system as it is floating over the top of the Pond water surface. The system is sourced by the hot and high concentrated saline water that is extracted from non-convective zone as a feed solution, then, the brine discharges at the lower convective zone of the Solar Pond. Therefore, if the saturated brine is used to produce salts, there will not be any brine left over which may lead to zero liquid discharge desalination. The system is modelled theoretically and solved by Matlab simulation program. It has been found that the system has the ability to deliver 52 l/day of fresh water for m 2 of membrane coupled with SGSP, consuming almost 11 kW/m 2 of thermal energy. Also, the trans-membrane coefficient of the used membrane is proved to be 0.001 kg/m 2 /Pa/h. The results are analysed and the system performance is evaluated and presented in this paper.
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design and construction of a simple thermoelectric generator heat exchanger for power generation from salinity gradient Solar Pond
Jurnal Teknologi, 2015Co-Authors: Baljit Singh, L. C. Ding, Muhammad Fairuz Remeli, Abhijit Date, Altenaijy Saoud, Aliakbar AkbarzadehAbstract:Solar Pond is one source of renewable thermal energy. The Solar Pond collects and stores thermal energy at the lower zone of the Solar Pond. The temperature at the lower zone can reach up to 90 °C. The Solar Pond is capable storing thermal energy for a long period. The stored thermal energy can be converted into electricity by using thermoelectric generators. These thermoelectric generators can be operated using the cold and hot zones from a Solar Pond. In this paper, the experimental investigation of power generation from the Solar Pond using thermoelectric generator and simple heat exchanger is discussed. A maximum of 7.02 W of electrical power output was obtained from a simple heat exchanger with 40 thermoelectric modules.
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heat extraction from non convective and lower convective zones of the Solar Pond a transient study
Solar Energy, 2013Co-Authors: Abhijit Date, Yusli Yaakob, Ashwin Date, Shankar Krishnapillai, Aliakbar AkbarzadehAbstract:Abstract Heat extraction from the Non-Convective Zone (NCZ) or gradient layer and Lower Convective Zone (LCZ) of the Solar Pond has been investigated through one-dimensional finite difference transient model. Instantaneous efficiency of the Solar Pond is introduced and defined in this paper. The Solar Pond considered in the present study is assumed to have an in-Pond heat exchanger for heat extraction. The rate of heat transfer is controlled by the mass flux of heat transfer fluid in this model. As in reality mass flux of heat transfer fluid is the simplest and most practical way to control the rate of heat extraction. In this model for an ideal situation it is assumed that the heat transfer fluid is initially at the local daily average ambient temperature and the in-Pond heat exchanger has heat transfer effectiveness equal to unity. With these assumptions the model can predict the thermal performance of the Solar Pond with maximum heat extraction for a desired mass flux of the heat transfer fluid. This paper presents the comparison of the transient thermal performance of Solar Pond with heat extraction from LCZ alone and that with combined heat extraction from LCZ and NCZ. It is shown how the efficiency of the Solar Pond increases when heat is extracted from both NCZ and LCZ. The main objective of this study is to offer a simple method to predict transient thermal performance of a Solar Pond with heat extraction from NCZ and to estimate the mass flux of heat transfer fluid used in an in-Pond heat exchanger for heat extraction from different layers of Solar Pond.
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theoretical study of a new thermodynamic power cycle for thermal water pumping application and its prospects when coupled to a Solar Pond
Applied Thermal Engineering, 2013Co-Authors: Abhijit Date, Aliakbar AkbarzadehAbstract:Abstract This is an introductory theoretical work on the new thermodynamic power cycle for thermal water pumping. This paper describes the new thermodynamic power cycle with help of P–v and P–h curves and the operation of a thermal water pump based on this cycle with acetone as working fluid. Further ideal thermal performance of this water pump for different heat source and heat sink temperatures is discussed. The proposed thermal water pump has an ideal overall efficiency equal to about 40% of Carnot cycle efficiency for driving temperature difference of 60 °C with acetone as working fluid. This paper presents the ideal theoretical performance predictions of such thermal water pump coupled with a Solar Pond located on a salt farm at Pyramid Hill in north Victoria, Australia. Most salt farms around the world use electric pumps to draw saline water from ground or sea. The proposed thermal water pump can provide an alternative to these electric pumps.
A A Elsebaii - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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thermal performance of shallow Solar Pond under open and closed cycle modes of heat extraction
Solar Energy, 2013Co-Authors: A A Elsebaii, S Aboulenein, M R I Ramadan, A M KhallafAbstract:Abstract In this paper, the thermal performance of a shallow Solar Pond (SSP) under the open and closed cycle continuous flow heating modes of heat extraction was investigated theoretically and experimentally. Computer programs were developed based on analytical solutions of the energy-balance equations for the various elements of the system. In order to improve the system performance, optimization of the different constructing elements of the system was carried out. Serpentine heat exchangers were inserted within the SSP’s water and the storage tank for extracting the heat. Year-round performance of the system under the best configurational and operational conditions was investigated by computer simulation. It was indicated that the present SSP could be used as a heat source for most domestic and low temperature industrial applications all year-round. The daily efficiencies were obtained as 59% and 33% when the Pond is operated under the closed and open cycle modes, respectively. Comparisons between experimental and theoretical results showed that the proposed mathematical models could be used for investigating the thermal performance of the SSP with reasonable accuracy.
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thermal performance of shallow Solar Pond under open cycle continuous flow heating mode for heat extraction
Energy Conversion and Management, 2006Co-Authors: A A Elsebaii, S Aboulenein, M R I Ramadan, A M KhallafAbstract:Abstract The thermal performance of a shallow Solar Pond (SSP) under an open cycle continuous flow heating mode for heat extraction has been investigated. A serpentine heat exchanger (HE), either welded to the absorber plate or immersed in the Pond water, has been used for extracting the heat. Suitable computer programs have been developed based on analytical solutions of the energy balance equations for the various elements of the SSP in the presence of the HE. Numerical calculations have been performed to study the effect of different operational and configurational parameters on the Pond performance. In order to improve the Pond performance, optimization of the various dimensions of the Pond with the HE has been performed. The effects of the design parameters of the HE’s tube, i.e. length Lhe, diameter D and mass flow rate m ˙ f of the fluid flowing through the HE, on the Pond performance have been investigated. The outlet temperature of the HE’s fluid Tfo is found to increase with increase of the HE length Lhe, and it decreases with increase of the mass flow rate of the HE’s fluid m ˙ f up to typical values for these parameters. Typical values for Lhe and m ˙ f are found to be 4 m and 0.004 kg/s beyond which the change in Tfo becomes insignificant. Experiments have been performed for the Pond under different operational conditions with a HE welded to the absorber plate. To validate the proposed mathematical models, comparisons between experimental and theoretical results have been performed. Good agreement has been achieved.
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thermal performance of a shallow Solar Pond integrated with a baffle plate
Applied Energy, 2005Co-Authors: A A ElsebaiiAbstract:A shallow Solar-Pond integrated with a baffle plate is investigated theoretically and experimentally under Tanta prevailing weather conditions. A transient mathematical model is presented for the Pond. The energy-balance equations for various parts of the Pond are solved analytically using the elimination technique. In order to validate the theoretical model, experiments are performed under the batch mode of heat extraction with a black painted baffle plate made of stainless steel, with and without vents in the plate, for different masses of water in the upper and lower layers. It is found that the Pond-water temperature decreases with increasing vent area; therefore, the baffle plate should be used without vents with shallow depths of the upper water-layer. Experiments have also been carried out using baffle plates made from Al and mica in order to study the effect of the thermal conductivity of the baffle plate on the Pond's performance. The average temperature of the Pond water is found to be less dependent on the thermal conductivity of the baffle plate. It is also inferred that the present system could provide 88 L of hot water at a maximum temperature of 71 °C at 3:00 pm with a daily efficiency of 64.3% when the baffle plate is used without vents. The Pond can retain hot water until 7:00 am of the next day at a temperature of 43 °C, which can be used for most domestic applications. Comparisons between experimental and theoretical results indicated that the theoretical model could be used for estimating the Pond's performance with good accuracy.
A M Khallaf - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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thermal performance of shallow Solar Pond under open and closed cycle modes of heat extraction
Solar Energy, 2013Co-Authors: A A Elsebaii, S Aboulenein, M R I Ramadan, A M KhallafAbstract:Abstract In this paper, the thermal performance of a shallow Solar Pond (SSP) under the open and closed cycle continuous flow heating modes of heat extraction was investigated theoretically and experimentally. Computer programs were developed based on analytical solutions of the energy-balance equations for the various elements of the system. In order to improve the system performance, optimization of the different constructing elements of the system was carried out. Serpentine heat exchangers were inserted within the SSP’s water and the storage tank for extracting the heat. Year-round performance of the system under the best configurational and operational conditions was investigated by computer simulation. It was indicated that the present SSP could be used as a heat source for most domestic and low temperature industrial applications all year-round. The daily efficiencies were obtained as 59% and 33% when the Pond is operated under the closed and open cycle modes, respectively. Comparisons between experimental and theoretical results showed that the proposed mathematical models could be used for investigating the thermal performance of the SSP with reasonable accuracy.
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thermal performance of shallow Solar Pond under open cycle continuous flow heating mode for heat extraction
Energy Conversion and Management, 2006Co-Authors: A A Elsebaii, S Aboulenein, M R I Ramadan, A M KhallafAbstract:Abstract The thermal performance of a shallow Solar Pond (SSP) under an open cycle continuous flow heating mode for heat extraction has been investigated. A serpentine heat exchanger (HE), either welded to the absorber plate or immersed in the Pond water, has been used for extracting the heat. Suitable computer programs have been developed based on analytical solutions of the energy balance equations for the various elements of the SSP in the presence of the HE. Numerical calculations have been performed to study the effect of different operational and configurational parameters on the Pond performance. In order to improve the Pond performance, optimization of the various dimensions of the Pond with the HE has been performed. The effects of the design parameters of the HE’s tube, i.e. length Lhe, diameter D and mass flow rate m ˙ f of the fluid flowing through the HE, on the Pond performance have been investigated. The outlet temperature of the HE’s fluid Tfo is found to increase with increase of the HE length Lhe, and it decreases with increase of the mass flow rate of the HE’s fluid m ˙ f up to typical values for these parameters. Typical values for Lhe and m ˙ f are found to be 4 m and 0.004 kg/s beyond which the change in Tfo becomes insignificant. Experiments have been performed for the Pond under different operational conditions with a HE welded to the absorber plate. To validate the proposed mathematical models, comparisons between experimental and theoretical results have been performed. Good agreement has been achieved.