The Experts below are selected from a list of 1899 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Yin Huafang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Can the Sole Proprietorship Tendency of the Transnational Companies in China be Reversed?——An Analysis Based on the Perspective of Industrial Structure
Economic Survey, 2011Co-Authors: Yin HuafangAbstract:Can the Sole Proprietorship tendency of the transnational companies in China be reversed? This is a problem neglected by the academic circle.From the perspective of industrial structure,the author analyzed the effect of industrial structure factor on the Sole Proprietorship tendency of the transnational companies.The result shows that marketization intensity,industrial policy on foreign investment,capital intensity and marketing intensity have positive effect on the Sole Proprietorship tendency of the transnational companies while the competition intensity of an industry is negatively related to the Sole Proprietorship tendency of the transnational companies.Based on these results,only by enhancing the competitive intensity of an industry can the Sole Proprietorship tendency of the transnational companies be reversed fundamentally.
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can the Sole Proprietorship tendency of the transnational companies in china be reversed an analysis based on the perspective of industrial structure
Economic Survey, 2011Co-Authors: Yin HuafangAbstract:Can the Sole Proprietorship tendency of the transnational companies in China be reversed? This is a problem neglected by the academic circle.From the perspective of industrial structure,the author analyzed the effect of industrial structure factor on the Sole Proprietorship tendency of the transnational companies.The result shows that marketization intensity,industrial policy on foreign investment,capital intensity and marketing intensity have positive effect on the Sole Proprietorship tendency of the transnational companies while the competition intensity of an industry is negatively related to the Sole Proprietorship tendency of the transnational companies.Based on these results,only by enhancing the competitive intensity of an industry can the Sole Proprietorship tendency of the transnational companies be reversed fundamentally.
Susan C. Nelson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Tax Policy and Sole Proprietorships: A Closer Look
National Tax Journal, 2008Co-Authors: Susan C. NelsonAbstract:The 21 million Sole Proprietorship returns filed in 2005 represent a wide variety of economic activity. This paper examines three major tax policy issues related to Sole Proprietorships—taxpayer compliance, taxpayer burden, and incentives for growth. It uses tax return data to take a closer look at Sole Proprietorships. It proposes a new taxonomy for describing these returns in an economically meaningful way, based on the principal factors of production that they use: their own labor, hired labor, and capital. It uses the taxonomy to examine several aspects of Sole Proprietorships. The paper concludes with suggestions for further research.
Shifudin, Siti Nadia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Technology -Based Business Idea Blueprint SNS Sdn. Bhd. / Siti Nadia Shifudin
2020Co-Authors: Shifudin, Siti NadiaAbstract:SNS Sdn. Bhd. is located at Johor and has been operated since 8th December 2019. It is a Sole Proprietorship company. Its focus is selling home appliance technology-based product, such as television, air-conditioner and many more. However, SNS Sdn Bhd main product is De‟ Brus
Jamil, Nur Ai’n - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Technology - Based Business Idea Blueprint Shopping Trolley With Tracker / Nur Ai’n Jamil
2020Co-Authors: Jamil, Nur Ai’nAbstract:Ain’s Trolley is located at Precint 15, Putrajaya near the Mydin Bazar. This company is a Sole Proprietorship company and focusing on producing and selling the trolley. Ain’s Tolley main production is trolleyOur company produces trolley for shopping or groceries purposes. Shopping trolley WITH tracker is the new innovation that can easily help people while doing groceries. People can scan the price on the trolley and the price will shown on the screen since it have a scanner on it. Besides, people can budget their spending on this trolley since it have a budgeting system. Then, this new innovation trolley can easily locate the desired product since it have a navigation system
Mitchell F. Crusto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Unconscious Classism: Entity Equality for Sole Proprietors
2009Co-Authors: Mitchell F. CrustoAbstract:Through the lens of unconscious classism, this Article argues that Sole Proprietorship law should be reformed to recognize the Sole Proprietorship as a legal entity, separate from its owner, codifying its entity status in a Uniform Sole Proprietorship Act (“USPA”). In promoting the legal entity nature of the Sole Proprietorship, this Article seeks to achieve what is hereinafter referred to as “entity equality,” placing Sole proprietors on equal footing with owners of other business enterprises — partners, shareholders, and limited liability members.Some critics will see this as another unwanted development in the proliferation of legal entities, supporting the call for entity unification. To the contrary, entity equality is consistent with the views of business law scholars who challenge the call for entity rationalization or simplification, arguing that form should follow function. Most importantly, entity equality looks to “considerations of fairness, justice, or policy.”Part I of this Article demonstrates the need to view the theory of the firm from the Sole Proprietorship perspective and to develop a critical class theory of constitutional law, as well as provides the thesis and an overview. Part II demonstrates that the law currently views the Sole Proprietorship Solely as the alter ego of its owner (the “solitary alter ego” view), how the solitary alter ego view legally disadvantages Sole Proprietorships by treating them as individuals under common law principles, and why the solitary alter ego view is antiquated and ripe for reform. Part III analyzes the value of legal entity status, presents case law examples of the sophisticated nature of and probing issues surrounding modern Sole Proprietorship law, and proposes that the Sole Proprietorship should be treated as a legal entity for some purposes, as is the law for all other business forms. Part IV argues that current constitutional law principles are inadequate to remedy unconscious and institutional classism against Sole proprietors. Part V makes the public policy case for expanding constitutional rights theory to redress the law’s unequal treatment of Sole proprietors. Part VI discusses the opposition to treating the Sole Proprietorship as a legal entity and shows why the opposition is wrong. Part VII concludes that the law should establish entity equality for Sole proprietors by statutorily granting the Sole Proprietorship legal entity status for some purposes in addition to alter ego status for other purposes. Appendix A is a chart of the current entity features of a Sole Proprietorship compared to those proposed in this Article. Appendix B proposes the legal entity status features of a model Sole Proprietorship statute, the Uniform Sole Proprietorship Act (“USPA”), following the example of the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws (“NCCUSL”). And Appendix C is a chart entitled “Distribution of Sole Proprietors and Their Gross Receipts by Size of Proprietorship, Tax Year 2003.”
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Extending the Veil to Solo Entreprenuers: A Limited Liability Sole Proprietorship Act (LLSP)
2001Co-Authors: Mitchell F. CrustoAbstract:A solo owner of an unincorporated business faces personal exposure for his business liabilities. He is subject to unlimited liability from many sources: The solo owner is responsible for his direct acts, for the acts of his would-be agents, as well as his acts as a fiduciary for others. In a broad liability scheme, including vicarious liability doctrine and spreading the risk/deep pocket rationale, the unincorporated Sole proprietor is subject to financial ruin both for his business and for his personal assets. He exposes his personal assets to liabilities, not limited to his business assets or his investment in the business.A case in point is the story of Mr. Joe Doe, a 55-year-old man, who was laid off from his position as a store manager in one of the Wal-Mart stores that went bankrupt a few years ago. Mr. Doe had a wife and five children, three of whom were still in college. By all standards, Mr. Doe was middle class, and hoped to maintain that status by working hard.However, due to his age, Mr. Doe was unable to find another job. He decided to start his own delivery business as a Sole proprietor. He invested his savings of about $150,000, bought two cars for the business, and hired two employees. One of the employees, on his way to delivering some items to one of their customers, hit a pedestrian. The victim sued Mr. Doe under vicarious liability theory.The court awarded $500,000 to the victim who lost the use of one of her legs due to the accident. The judgment award not only immediately bankrupted his business, but also forced Mr. Doe to sell his house and other valuable possessions and to expend his children's college funds and all his and his wife's retirement savings. Mr. Doe and his family are now on welfare. Picture this unfortunate incident happening throughout America, in rural and urban areas, in poor and affluent communities. Something needs to change.Shielding a shareholder's personal assets from business liability is a quintessential element of corporate law. This "limited liability" protection has been recently expanded through the development of two new business entities, the limited liability company (LLC) and the limited liability partnership (LLP). This expansion of limited liability raises a probing question: should limited liability protection be provided to the unincorporated Sole Proprietorship, and if so, how?Most businesses in this country are unincorporated Sole Proprietorships,' businesses owned and operated by one person. Unincorporated Sole Proprietorships are often found in underdeveloped, poorer communities, including inner cities and rural areas that are challenged by limited capital, poor access to insurance coverage, limited training, and unsophisticated legal and technical skills. This article explores the issue of shielding a Sole proprietor's assets from business liability."In general, business planning involves the following three objectives: (1) minimization of income taxes; (2) limitation of individual liability; and (3) provision of flexibility and ease in operation."' Limiting a shareholder's liability for business debts is an important corporate feature, ' and may be the most important reason why, businesses incorpo rate Similarly, the law of limited partnership provides lim ited partners with protection from business liability. Recent legislative developments expand the doctrine of limited liability; the limited liability company (LLC) and the limited liability partnership (LLP) provide business owners with new liability-limiting options.'° The Sole Proprietorship remains the only legal entity directly left out of statutory limited liability schemes."This article explores the dimensions of directly providing limited liability to Sole Proprietorships. Part II describes the law of Sole Proprietorship, its statutory foundation, judicial treatment and its current features. Part III analyzes how Sole proprietors are subject to default rules of unlimited liability, resulting from a Sole proprietor's direct acts, vicarious liability for their agents and/or employees, and as fiduciaries for others. Part IV proposes the features of a Model Limited Liability Sole Proprietorship Act ("LLSP")." Part V makes the case for statutory limited liability for Sole Proprietorships and reviews existing liability-limiting options and analyzes how those options are unsuited to the needs of Sole proprietors. The author concludes by arguing, as a matter of distributive justice, legislatures should enact a uniform statute addressing Sole proprietors' needs, especially limited liability.