The Experts below are selected from a list of 60 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jean-rené Cazalets - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cholinergic-mediated coordination of rhythmic sympathetic and Motor activities in the newborn rat spinal cord
PLoS Biology, 2018Co-Authors: Mélissa Sourioux, Sandrine Bertrand, Jean-rené CazaletsAbstract:Here, we investigated intrinsic spinal cord mechanisms underlying the physiological requirement for autonomic and Somatic Motor System coupling. Using an in vitro spinal cord preparation from newborn rat, we demonstrate that the specific activation of muscarinic cholinergic receptors (mAchRs) (with oxotremorine) triggers a slow burst rhythm in thoracic spinal segments, thereby revealing a rhythmogenic capability in this cord region. Whereas axial motoneurons (MNs) were rhythmically activated during both locoMotor activity and oxotremorine-induced bursting, intermediolateral sympathetic preganglionic neurons (IML SPNs) exhibited rhythmicity solely in the presence of oxotremorine. This somato-sympathetic synaptic drive shared by MNs and IML SPNs could both merge with and modulate the locoMotor synaptic drive produced by the lumbar Motor networks. This study thus sheds new light on the coupling between Somatic and sympathetic Systems and suggests that an intraspinal network that may be conditionally activated under propriospinal cholinergic control constitutes at least part of the synchronizing mechanism. Author summary Physical movements require mobilization of animals' autonomic nervous System, in order to maintain stable bodily functions while matching the increasing physiological demand. These autonomic responses rely on a coupling between the sympathetic and Somatic nervous Systems, although how this coupling occurs remains unresolved. To address this issue, we used the in vitro isolated spinal cord preparation from newborn rats, which can be kept alive up to 12 h and generate locomotion-like activity. We found that the stimulation of the muscarinic cholinergic receptors specifically activates intraspinal neural networks generating a slow Motor rhythm. During this slow rhythm, recordings from sympathetic neurons (the cells responsible for the spinal sympathetic output) and Somatic motoneurons (responsible for skeletal muscle activity) reveal that both cell types receive a common synaptic input that results in a coupling of sympathetic and rhythmic locoMotor activities. This shared somato-sympathetic drive could merge with and modulate the loco-Motor synaptic drive produced by the lumbar Motor networks. We propose that the PLOS Biology | https://doi.
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Cholinergic-mediated coordination of rhythmic sympathetic and Motor activities in the newborn rat spinal cord
PLoS Biology, 2018Co-Authors: Mélissa Sourioux, Sandrine Bertrand, Jean-rené CazaletsAbstract:Here, we investigated intrinsic spinal cord mechanisms underlying the physiological requirement for autonomic and Somatic Motor System coupling. Using an in vitro spinal cord preparation from newborn rat, we demonstrate that the specific activation of muscarinic cholinergic receptors (mAchRs) (with oxotremorine) triggers a slow burst rhythm in thoracic spinal segments, thereby revealing a rhythmogenic capability in this cord region. Whereas axial motoneurons (MNs) were rhythmically activated during both locoMotor activity and oxotremorine-induced bursting, intermediolateral sympathetic preganglionic neurons (IML SPNs) exhibited rhythmicity solely in the presence of oxotremorine. This somato-sympathetic synaptic drive shared by MNs and IML SPNs could both merge with and modulate the locoMotor synaptic drive produced by the lumbar Motor networks. This study thus sheds new light on the coupling between Somatic and sympathetic Systems and suggests that an intraspinal network that may be conditionally activated under propriospinal cholinergic control constitutes at least part of the synchronizing mechanism.
Stephanie Both - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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modulation of spinal reflexes by sexual films of increasing intensity
Psychophysiology, 2005Co-Authors: Stephanie Both, Geert J M Van Boxtel, Jeroen J Stekelenburg, Walter Everaerd, Ellen LaanAbstract:Sexual arousal can be viewed as an emotional state generating sex-specific autonomic and general Somatic Motor System responses that prepare for sexual action. In the present study modulation of spinal tendious (T) reflexes by sexual films of varying intensity was investigated. T reflexes were expected to increase as a function of increased film intensity. Through use of a between-subjects design, participants were exposed to three erotic films of low, moderate, and high intensity or to three films of moderate intensity. Self-report and genital data confirmed the induction of increasing versus stable levels of sexual arousal. Exposure to the films of increasing intensity resulted in increasing T reflexes. The results indicate that T reflex modulation is sensitive to varying levels of sexual arousal and may be of use in research on behavioral mechanisms underlying appetitive motivation.
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Effect of a Single Dose of Levodopa on Sexual Response in Men and Women
Neuropsychopharmacology, 2005Co-Authors: Stephanie Both, Walter Everaerd, Ellen Laan, Louis GoorenAbstract:From animal research, there is ample evidence for a facilitating effect of dopamine on sexual behavior. In humans, little experimental research has been conducted on the inter-relation between dopamine and sexual response, even less so in women than in men. We investigated the effect of levodopa (100 mg) on sexual response in men and women following a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover design. Genital and subjective sexual responses were measured as well as Somatic Motor System activity by means of Achilles tendon (T) reflex modulation. Genital and subjective sexual arousal were not affected by levodopa. However, the drug increased T reflex magnitude in response to sexual stimulation in men, but not in women. These results support the view that dopamine is involved in the energetic aspects of appetitive sexual behavior in men. The observed gender difference in the effect of levodopa is discussed in the perspective of possible dopamine–steroid interaction.
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modulation of spinal reflexes by aversive and sexually appetitive stimuli
Psychophysiology, 2003Co-Authors: Stephanie Both, Walter Everaerd, Ellen LaanAbstract:In this study, modulation of spinal tendinous (T) reflexes by sexual stimulation was investigated. T reflexes are augmented in states of appetitive and defensive action and modified by differences in arousal intensity. Reflexes were expected to be facilitated by both pleasant (sexual) and unpleasant (anxiety) stimuli. Subjects were exposed to a sexual, an anxiety-inducing, a sexually threatening, and a neutral film excerpt. Genital arousal, emotional experience, subjective action tendencies, and T reflexes were monitored. Self-report and genital data confirmed the affective states as intended. T reflex amplitude significantly increased during viewing of emotionally arousing film excerpts as compared with a neutral film excerpt. T reflexes were facilitated by the sex stimulus to the same extent as by the anxiety and sexual threat stimuli. The results support the view of sexual arousal as an emotional state, generating sex-specific autonomic and general Somatic Motor System responses, which prepare the organism for action.
Mélissa Sourioux - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cholinergic-mediated coordination of rhythmic sympathetic and Motor activities in the newborn rat spinal cord
PLoS Biology, 2018Co-Authors: Mélissa Sourioux, Sandrine Bertrand, Jean-rené CazaletsAbstract:Here, we investigated intrinsic spinal cord mechanisms underlying the physiological requirement for autonomic and Somatic Motor System coupling. Using an in vitro spinal cord preparation from newborn rat, we demonstrate that the specific activation of muscarinic cholinergic receptors (mAchRs) (with oxotremorine) triggers a slow burst rhythm in thoracic spinal segments, thereby revealing a rhythmogenic capability in this cord region. Whereas axial motoneurons (MNs) were rhythmically activated during both locoMotor activity and oxotremorine-induced bursting, intermediolateral sympathetic preganglionic neurons (IML SPNs) exhibited rhythmicity solely in the presence of oxotremorine. This somato-sympathetic synaptic drive shared by MNs and IML SPNs could both merge with and modulate the locoMotor synaptic drive produced by the lumbar Motor networks. This study thus sheds new light on the coupling between Somatic and sympathetic Systems and suggests that an intraspinal network that may be conditionally activated under propriospinal cholinergic control constitutes at least part of the synchronizing mechanism. Author summary Physical movements require mobilization of animals' autonomic nervous System, in order to maintain stable bodily functions while matching the increasing physiological demand. These autonomic responses rely on a coupling between the sympathetic and Somatic nervous Systems, although how this coupling occurs remains unresolved. To address this issue, we used the in vitro isolated spinal cord preparation from newborn rats, which can be kept alive up to 12 h and generate locomotion-like activity. We found that the stimulation of the muscarinic cholinergic receptors specifically activates intraspinal neural networks generating a slow Motor rhythm. During this slow rhythm, recordings from sympathetic neurons (the cells responsible for the spinal sympathetic output) and Somatic motoneurons (responsible for skeletal muscle activity) reveal that both cell types receive a common synaptic input that results in a coupling of sympathetic and rhythmic locoMotor activities. This shared somato-sympathetic drive could merge with and modulate the loco-Motor synaptic drive produced by the lumbar Motor networks. We propose that the PLOS Biology | https://doi.
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Cholinergic-mediated coordination of rhythmic sympathetic and Motor activities in the newborn rat spinal cord
PLoS Biology, 2018Co-Authors: Mélissa Sourioux, Sandrine Bertrand, Jean-rené CazaletsAbstract:Here, we investigated intrinsic spinal cord mechanisms underlying the physiological requirement for autonomic and Somatic Motor System coupling. Using an in vitro spinal cord preparation from newborn rat, we demonstrate that the specific activation of muscarinic cholinergic receptors (mAchRs) (with oxotremorine) triggers a slow burst rhythm in thoracic spinal segments, thereby revealing a rhythmogenic capability in this cord region. Whereas axial motoneurons (MNs) were rhythmically activated during both locoMotor activity and oxotremorine-induced bursting, intermediolateral sympathetic preganglionic neurons (IML SPNs) exhibited rhythmicity solely in the presence of oxotremorine. This somato-sympathetic synaptic drive shared by MNs and IML SPNs could both merge with and modulate the locoMotor synaptic drive produced by the lumbar Motor networks. This study thus sheds new light on the coupling between Somatic and sympathetic Systems and suggests that an intraspinal network that may be conditionally activated under propriospinal cholinergic control constitutes at least part of the synchronizing mechanism.
Ellen Laan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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modulation of spinal reflexes by sexual films of increasing intensity
Psychophysiology, 2005Co-Authors: Stephanie Both, Geert J M Van Boxtel, Jeroen J Stekelenburg, Walter Everaerd, Ellen LaanAbstract:Sexual arousal can be viewed as an emotional state generating sex-specific autonomic and general Somatic Motor System responses that prepare for sexual action. In the present study modulation of spinal tendious (T) reflexes by sexual films of varying intensity was investigated. T reflexes were expected to increase as a function of increased film intensity. Through use of a between-subjects design, participants were exposed to three erotic films of low, moderate, and high intensity or to three films of moderate intensity. Self-report and genital data confirmed the induction of increasing versus stable levels of sexual arousal. Exposure to the films of increasing intensity resulted in increasing T reflexes. The results indicate that T reflex modulation is sensitive to varying levels of sexual arousal and may be of use in research on behavioral mechanisms underlying appetitive motivation.
-
Effect of a Single Dose of Levodopa on Sexual Response in Men and Women
Neuropsychopharmacology, 2005Co-Authors: Stephanie Both, Walter Everaerd, Ellen Laan, Louis GoorenAbstract:From animal research, there is ample evidence for a facilitating effect of dopamine on sexual behavior. In humans, little experimental research has been conducted on the inter-relation between dopamine and sexual response, even less so in women than in men. We investigated the effect of levodopa (100 mg) on sexual response in men and women following a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover design. Genital and subjective sexual responses were measured as well as Somatic Motor System activity by means of Achilles tendon (T) reflex modulation. Genital and subjective sexual arousal were not affected by levodopa. However, the drug increased T reflex magnitude in response to sexual stimulation in men, but not in women. These results support the view that dopamine is involved in the energetic aspects of appetitive sexual behavior in men. The observed gender difference in the effect of levodopa is discussed in the perspective of possible dopamine–steroid interaction.
-
modulation of spinal reflexes by aversive and sexually appetitive stimuli
Psychophysiology, 2003Co-Authors: Stephanie Both, Walter Everaerd, Ellen LaanAbstract:In this study, modulation of spinal tendinous (T) reflexes by sexual stimulation was investigated. T reflexes are augmented in states of appetitive and defensive action and modified by differences in arousal intensity. Reflexes were expected to be facilitated by both pleasant (sexual) and unpleasant (anxiety) stimuli. Subjects were exposed to a sexual, an anxiety-inducing, a sexually threatening, and a neutral film excerpt. Genital arousal, emotional experience, subjective action tendencies, and T reflexes were monitored. Self-report and genital data confirmed the affective states as intended. T reflex amplitude significantly increased during viewing of emotionally arousing film excerpts as compared with a neutral film excerpt. T reflexes were facilitated by the sex stimulus to the same extent as by the anxiety and sexual threat stimuli. The results support the view of sexual arousal as an emotional state, generating sex-specific autonomic and general Somatic Motor System responses, which prepare the organism for action.
Sandrine Bertrand - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cholinergic-mediated coordination of rhythmic sympathetic and Motor activities in the newborn rat spinal cord
PLoS Biology, 2018Co-Authors: Mélissa Sourioux, Sandrine Bertrand, Jean-rené CazaletsAbstract:Here, we investigated intrinsic spinal cord mechanisms underlying the physiological requirement for autonomic and Somatic Motor System coupling. Using an in vitro spinal cord preparation from newborn rat, we demonstrate that the specific activation of muscarinic cholinergic receptors (mAchRs) (with oxotremorine) triggers a slow burst rhythm in thoracic spinal segments, thereby revealing a rhythmogenic capability in this cord region. Whereas axial motoneurons (MNs) were rhythmically activated during both locoMotor activity and oxotremorine-induced bursting, intermediolateral sympathetic preganglionic neurons (IML SPNs) exhibited rhythmicity solely in the presence of oxotremorine. This somato-sympathetic synaptic drive shared by MNs and IML SPNs could both merge with and modulate the locoMotor synaptic drive produced by the lumbar Motor networks. This study thus sheds new light on the coupling between Somatic and sympathetic Systems and suggests that an intraspinal network that may be conditionally activated under propriospinal cholinergic control constitutes at least part of the synchronizing mechanism. Author summary Physical movements require mobilization of animals' autonomic nervous System, in order to maintain stable bodily functions while matching the increasing physiological demand. These autonomic responses rely on a coupling between the sympathetic and Somatic nervous Systems, although how this coupling occurs remains unresolved. To address this issue, we used the in vitro isolated spinal cord preparation from newborn rats, which can be kept alive up to 12 h and generate locomotion-like activity. We found that the stimulation of the muscarinic cholinergic receptors specifically activates intraspinal neural networks generating a slow Motor rhythm. During this slow rhythm, recordings from sympathetic neurons (the cells responsible for the spinal sympathetic output) and Somatic motoneurons (responsible for skeletal muscle activity) reveal that both cell types receive a common synaptic input that results in a coupling of sympathetic and rhythmic locoMotor activities. This shared somato-sympathetic drive could merge with and modulate the loco-Motor synaptic drive produced by the lumbar Motor networks. We propose that the PLOS Biology | https://doi.
-
Cholinergic-mediated coordination of rhythmic sympathetic and Motor activities in the newborn rat spinal cord
PLoS Biology, 2018Co-Authors: Mélissa Sourioux, Sandrine Bertrand, Jean-rené CazaletsAbstract:Here, we investigated intrinsic spinal cord mechanisms underlying the physiological requirement for autonomic and Somatic Motor System coupling. Using an in vitro spinal cord preparation from newborn rat, we demonstrate that the specific activation of muscarinic cholinergic receptors (mAchRs) (with oxotremorine) triggers a slow burst rhythm in thoracic spinal segments, thereby revealing a rhythmogenic capability in this cord region. Whereas axial motoneurons (MNs) were rhythmically activated during both locoMotor activity and oxotremorine-induced bursting, intermediolateral sympathetic preganglionic neurons (IML SPNs) exhibited rhythmicity solely in the presence of oxotremorine. This somato-sympathetic synaptic drive shared by MNs and IML SPNs could both merge with and modulate the locoMotor synaptic drive produced by the lumbar Motor networks. This study thus sheds new light on the coupling between Somatic and sympathetic Systems and suggests that an intraspinal network that may be conditionally activated under propriospinal cholinergic control constitutes at least part of the synchronizing mechanism.
