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Bernhard T. Baune - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Comorbid Anxiety Disorders alter the association between cardiovascular diseases and depression: the German National Health Interview and Examination Survey
Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 2014Co-Authors: Phillip J. Tully, Bernhard T. BauneAbstract:Purpose This study aims to examine whether Specific Anxiety Disorder comorbidity alters the purported association between depression and Specific cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Methods In 4,181 representative German participants of the general population, 12-month prevalence of psychiatric Disorders was assessed through the Composite International Diagnostic Interview and CVDs by physician verified diagnosis. Adjusting for conventional risk factors logistic regression analyzed the association between CVDs (peripheral vascular disease (PVD), hypertension, cerebrovascular disease and heart disease) and combinations of comorbidity between depression and Anxiety Disorder types (panic Disorder, Specific phobia, social phobia and generalized Anxiety). Results There were 770 cases of hypertension (18.4 %), 763 cases of cerebrovascular disease (18.2 %), 748 cases of PVD (17.9 %), and 1,087 cases of CVD (26.0 %). In adjusted analyses phobia comorbid with depression was associated with cerebrovascular disease (odds ratio (OR) 1.61; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.04–2.50) as was panic Disorder (OR 2.89; 95 % CI 1.47–5.69). PVD was significantly associated with panic Disorder (adjusted OR 2.97; 95 % CI 1.55–5.69). Panic Disorder was associated with CVDs (adjusted OR 2.28; 95 % CI 1.09–4.77) as was phobia (adjusted OR 1.35; 95 % CI 1.04–1.78). Conclusions Classification of Anxiety and depression according to comorbidity groups showed discrete effects for panic Disorder and Specific phobia with CVDs, independent from covariates and depression.
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Comorbid Anxiety Disorders alter the association between cardiovascular diseases and depression: the German National Health Interview and Examination Survey
Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 2013Co-Authors: Phillip J. Tully, Bernhard T. BauneAbstract:Purpose This study aims to examine whether Specific Anxiety Disorder comorbidity alters the purported association between depression and Specific cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).
Phillip J. Tully - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Comorbid Anxiety Disorders alter the association between cardiovascular diseases and depression: the German National Health Interview and Examination Survey
Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 2014Co-Authors: Phillip J. Tully, Bernhard T. BauneAbstract:Purpose This study aims to examine whether Specific Anxiety Disorder comorbidity alters the purported association between depression and Specific cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Methods In 4,181 representative German participants of the general population, 12-month prevalence of psychiatric Disorders was assessed through the Composite International Diagnostic Interview and CVDs by physician verified diagnosis. Adjusting for conventional risk factors logistic regression analyzed the association between CVDs (peripheral vascular disease (PVD), hypertension, cerebrovascular disease and heart disease) and combinations of comorbidity between depression and Anxiety Disorder types (panic Disorder, Specific phobia, social phobia and generalized Anxiety). Results There were 770 cases of hypertension (18.4 %), 763 cases of cerebrovascular disease (18.2 %), 748 cases of PVD (17.9 %), and 1,087 cases of CVD (26.0 %). In adjusted analyses phobia comorbid with depression was associated with cerebrovascular disease (odds ratio (OR) 1.61; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.04–2.50) as was panic Disorder (OR 2.89; 95 % CI 1.47–5.69). PVD was significantly associated with panic Disorder (adjusted OR 2.97; 95 % CI 1.55–5.69). Panic Disorder was associated with CVDs (adjusted OR 2.28; 95 % CI 1.09–4.77) as was phobia (adjusted OR 1.35; 95 % CI 1.04–1.78). Conclusions Classification of Anxiety and depression according to comorbidity groups showed discrete effects for panic Disorder and Specific phobia with CVDs, independent from covariates and depression.
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Comorbid Anxiety Disorders alter the association between cardiovascular diseases and depression: the German National Health Interview and Examination Survey
Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 2013Co-Authors: Phillip J. Tully, Bernhard T. BauneAbstract:Purpose This study aims to examine whether Specific Anxiety Disorder comorbidity alters the purported association between depression and Specific cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).
Bunmi O. Olatunji - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A meta-analysis of the influence of comorbidity on treatment outcome in the Anxiety Disorders.
Clinical psychology review, 2010Co-Authors: Bunmi O. Olatunji, Josh M. Cisler, David F. TolinAbstract:Abstract Although psychiatric comorbidity is common among patients with Anxiety Disorders, its impact on treatment outcome remains unclear. The present study used meta-analytic techniques to examine the relationship between diagnostic comorbidity and treatment outcome for patients with Anxiety Disorders. One hundred forty-eight Anxiety-Disordered treatment samples (combined N = 3534) were examined for post-treatment effects from the PsychINFO database. Samples consisted of those exposed to both active (CBT, dynamic therapy, drug treatment, CBT + drug treatment, mindfulness) and inactive treatments (placebo/attention control, wait-list). All treatments were associated with significant improvement at post-treatment, and active treatments were associated with greater effects than were inactive treatments. However, overall comorbidity was generally unrelated to effect size at post-treatment or at follow-up. A significant negative relationship between overall comorbidity and treatment outcome was found for mixed or “neurotic” Anxiety samples when examining associations between comorbidity and Specific diagnoses. Conversely, there was a significant positive relationship between overall comorbidity and treatment outcome for panic Disorder and/or agoraphobia and PTSD or sexual abuse survivors. These findings suggest that while diagnostic comorbidity may not impact the effects of Specific Anxiety Disorder treatments, it appears to differentially impact outcome for Specific Anxiety Disorder diagnoses.
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Structural differentiation of disgust from trait Anxiety in the prediction of Specific Anxiety Disorder symptoms.
Behaviour research and therapy, 2007Co-Authors: Bunmi O. Olatunji, Nathan L. Williams, Jeffrey M. Lohr, Kevin M. Connolly, Josh M. Cisler, Suzanne A. MeunierAbstract:Research has begun to implicate the role of disgust in the etiology of Specific phobias and obsessive–compulsive Disorder (OCD). However, it remains unclear if the association between disgust and Specific Anxiety Disorder symptoms is an artifact of trait Anxiety or a potential mechanism through which trait Anxiety effects Specific Anxiety Disorder symptoms. The present study employed structural equation modeling to differentiate disgust from trait Anxiety in the prediction of four types of Specific Anxiety Disorder symptoms in a non-clinical sample (N=352). Results indicate that disgust and trait Anxiety latent factors were independently related to spider fears, blood-injection-injury (BII) fears, general OCD symptoms, and OCD washing concerns. However, when both variables were simultaneously modeled as predictors, latent disgust remained significantly associated with the Anxiety Disorder symptoms, whereas the association between latent trait Anxiety and the Anxiety Disorder symptoms became non-significant or was substantially reduced. Statistical tests of intervening variable effects converged in support of disgust as a significant intervening variable between trait Anxiety and spider fears, BII fears, and OCD symptoms (particularly washing concerns). The relevance of these findings for future research investigating the role of disgust in Specific Anxiety Disorders is discussed.
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Disgust sensitivity and Anxiety Disorder symptoms : Psychometric properties of the disgust emotion scale
Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 2006Co-Authors: Bunmi O. Olatunji, Craig N. Sawchuk, Peter J. De Jong, Jeffrey M. LohrAbstract:Recent research has implicated disgust sensitivity in the etiology of Specific Anxiety Disorders. The Disgust Emotion Scale (DES) is a newly developed measure that was designed to improve the assessment of disgust sensitivity. The present study examines the psychometric properties of the DES. Exploratory factor analysis in Study 1 revealed five factors of disgust towards: (1) rotting foods, (2) blood and injection, (3) smells, (4) mutilation and death, and (5) small animals. The DES demonstrated adequate internal consistency and convergent validity. Significant positive correlations were found between the five factors of the DES and blood-injection-injury fears and obsessive-compulsive Disorder symptoms. Confirmatory factor analysis in Study 2 provided support for the five-factor model. However, there was indication of item overlap within the factors. These findings suggest that the DES is a reliable measure of disgust as it relates to Specific Anxiety Disorder symptoms.
Jürgen Margraf - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Screening for Anxiety in an epidemiological sample: predictive accuracy of questionnaires
Journal of anxiety disorders, 2002Co-Authors: Jürgen Hoyer, Eni S. Becker, Simon Neumer, U. Soeder, Jürgen MargrafAbstract:The study examined the predictive accuracy of selected questionnaires when screening for Anxiety in a representative epidemiological sample of young female adults (N = 1877). All participants were diagnosed using a structured diagnostic interview. Anxiety questionnaires included global as well as Specific measures (Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Symptom Checklist, Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI), Fear Questionnaire (FQ), Mobility Inventory (MI)). Sensitivity, Specificity, positive and negative predictive power were computed for two screening decisions: (1) identifying any Anxiety Disorder or (2) identifying a Specific Anxiety Disorder (agoraphobia) within the total sample and the clinical subsample. Due to naturalistic (low) base rates in epidemiological samples, diagnostic indices were lower than those previously reported. However, questionnaire data proved useful when a Specific Disorder was targeted (agoraphobia) and Specific symptoms were operationalized.
Josh M. Cisler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A meta-analysis of the influence of comorbidity on treatment outcome in the Anxiety Disorders.
Clinical psychology review, 2010Co-Authors: Bunmi O. Olatunji, Josh M. Cisler, David F. TolinAbstract:Abstract Although psychiatric comorbidity is common among patients with Anxiety Disorders, its impact on treatment outcome remains unclear. The present study used meta-analytic techniques to examine the relationship between diagnostic comorbidity and treatment outcome for patients with Anxiety Disorders. One hundred forty-eight Anxiety-Disordered treatment samples (combined N = 3534) were examined for post-treatment effects from the PsychINFO database. Samples consisted of those exposed to both active (CBT, dynamic therapy, drug treatment, CBT + drug treatment, mindfulness) and inactive treatments (placebo/attention control, wait-list). All treatments were associated with significant improvement at post-treatment, and active treatments were associated with greater effects than were inactive treatments. However, overall comorbidity was generally unrelated to effect size at post-treatment or at follow-up. A significant negative relationship between overall comorbidity and treatment outcome was found for mixed or “neurotic” Anxiety samples when examining associations between comorbidity and Specific diagnoses. Conversely, there was a significant positive relationship between overall comorbidity and treatment outcome for panic Disorder and/or agoraphobia and PTSD or sexual abuse survivors. These findings suggest that while diagnostic comorbidity may not impact the effects of Specific Anxiety Disorder treatments, it appears to differentially impact outcome for Specific Anxiety Disorder diagnoses.
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Structural differentiation of disgust from trait Anxiety in the prediction of Specific Anxiety Disorder symptoms.
Behaviour research and therapy, 2007Co-Authors: Bunmi O. Olatunji, Nathan L. Williams, Jeffrey M. Lohr, Kevin M. Connolly, Josh M. Cisler, Suzanne A. MeunierAbstract:Research has begun to implicate the role of disgust in the etiology of Specific phobias and obsessive–compulsive Disorder (OCD). However, it remains unclear if the association between disgust and Specific Anxiety Disorder symptoms is an artifact of trait Anxiety or a potential mechanism through which trait Anxiety effects Specific Anxiety Disorder symptoms. The present study employed structural equation modeling to differentiate disgust from trait Anxiety in the prediction of four types of Specific Anxiety Disorder symptoms in a non-clinical sample (N=352). Results indicate that disgust and trait Anxiety latent factors were independently related to spider fears, blood-injection-injury (BII) fears, general OCD symptoms, and OCD washing concerns. However, when both variables were simultaneously modeled as predictors, latent disgust remained significantly associated with the Anxiety Disorder symptoms, whereas the association between latent trait Anxiety and the Anxiety Disorder symptoms became non-significant or was substantially reduced. Statistical tests of intervening variable effects converged in support of disgust as a significant intervening variable between trait Anxiety and spider fears, BII fears, and OCD symptoms (particularly washing concerns). The relevance of these findings for future research investigating the role of disgust in Specific Anxiety Disorders is discussed.