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A. F. Dimarco - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • inspiratory muscle activation via ventral lower thoracic high frequency Spinal Cord Stimulation
    Journal of Applied Physiology, 2019
    Co-Authors: J. R. Romaniuk, A. F. Dimarco, K. E. Kowalski, P A Kirkwood
    Abstract:

    This study suggests that, in contrast to dorsal high-frequency Spinal Cord Stimulation at the T9 Spinal level, which results in positive pressure generation, ventral high-frequency Spinal Cord stim...

  • Pattern of expiratory muscle activation during lower thoracic Spinal Cord Stimulation
    2016
    Co-Authors: A. F. Dimarco, J. R. Romaniuk, K. E. Kowalski, G. Supinski
    Abstract:

    G. Supinski. Pattern of expiratory muscle activation during lower thoracic Spinal Cord Stimulation. J. Appl. Physiol. 86(6): 1881–1889, 1999.—Large positive airway pressures (Paws) can be generated by lower thoracic Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS), which may be a useful method of restoring cough in Spinal Cord-injured patients. Optimal electrode placement, however, requires an assessment of the pattern of current spread during SCS. Studies were performed in anesthetized dogs to assess the pattern of expiratory muscle recruitment during SCS applied at different Spinal Cord levels. A multicon-tact stimulating electrode was positioned over the surface of the lower thoracic and upper lumbar Spinal Cord. ReCording electromyographic electrodes were placed at several locations in the abdominal and internal intercostal muscles. SCS was applied at each lead, in separate trials, with single shocks o

  • intercostal muscle pacing with high frequency Spinal Cord Stimulation in dogs
    Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology, 2010
    Co-Authors: A. F. Dimarco, K. E. Kowalski
    Abstract:

    Abstract High frequency Spinal Cord Stimulation (HF-SCS) is a novel and more physiologic method of inspiratory muscle activation which involves Stimulation of Spinal Cord pathways. In the present study, we determined if activation of the inspiratory intercostal muscles alone by this technique could be utilized to maintain artificial ventilation. In 7 anesthetized dogs, following C2 Spinal Cord section and bilateral phrenicotomy, trains of electrical Stimulation (12 times/min) were applied at the T2 level. Eucapnea was maintained during an initial 5.5 h period of continuous Stimulation. During a subsequent 0.5 h period, stimulus parameters were increased to induce hyperventilation resulting in a sustained fall in end-tidal P C O 2 to 29.3 ± 0.4 mm Hg. Single motor unit peak firing frequencies of the intercostal muscles during HF-SCS were similar to those occurring during spontaneous breathing. This technique holds promise as a method to restore ventilation in ventilator-dependent tetraplegics who do not have adequate phrenic nerve function for diaphragm pacing.

Koichiro Takasaki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • effects of dorsal rhizotomy on depressor response to Spinal Cord Stimulation mediated by endogenous calcitonin gene related peptide in the pithed rat
    Journal of Neurosurgery, 1993
    Co-Authors: Yoshitsugu Nuki, Toshifumi Taguchi, Koichiro Takasaki, Hiromu Kawasaki, Akihiko Wada
    Abstract:

    ✓ The effects of acute and chronic dorsal rhizotomy on vasodilation induced by Spinal Cord Stimulation were investigated in the pithed rat in vivo. Pithed rats were treated intravenously with hexamethonium (2 mg/kg/min) to block autonomic outflow, and mean arterial blood pressure was maintained at approximately 100 mm Hg with methoxamine (10 to 15 µg/kg/min). Electrical Stimulation (2 or 4 Hz, 10 V, 1 msec) of the lower thoracic Spinal Cord (T9–12) via the pithing rod caused a frequency-dependent depressor response without a change in heart rate. The depressor response to Spinal Cord Stimulation was inhibited by the intravenous administration of human calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) [8–37] (60 nmol/kg/min) or tetrodotoxin (100 µg/kg). In the pithed rat with acute or chronic bilateral dorsal root rhizotomy at lower thoracic levels (T8–12), Spinal Cord Stimulation at 2 and 4 Hz caused no depressor response. These results suggest that the depressor response to Spinal Cord Stimulation is mediated by en...

  • endogenous calcitonin gene related peptide mediates nonadrenergic noncholinergic depressor response to Spinal Cord Stimulation in the pithed rat
    Circulation Research, 1992
    Co-Authors: Toshifumi Taguchi, Takuroh Imamura, Hiromu Kawasaki, Koichiro Takasaki
    Abstract:

    The role of endogenous calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the nonadrenergic noncholinergic depressor response to Spinal Cord Stimulation was studied in the pithed rat in vivo. Pithed rats were given hexamethonium (2 mg/kg per minute i.v.) to block autonomic outflow, and mean blood pressure was artificially maintained at approximately 100 mm Hg with methoxamine (10-15 micrograms/kg per minute i.v.). Electrical Stimulation of the Spinal Cord at the level of the lower thoracic vertebra (T9-12) caused a fall in blood pressure in a frequency-dependent (0.5-10 Hz), voltage-dependent (2.5-50 V), and pulse duration-dependent (0.25-8 msec) manner. The heart rate did not change during the depressor response. The depressor response was long lasting, and the maximum response was elicited by Stimulation at 4-6 Hz. The neurotoxin tetrodotoxin (100 micrograms/kg i.v.) abolished the depressor response to Spinal Cord Stimulation, whereas treatment with propranolol (0.5 mg/kg per minute i.v.), atropine (0.05 mg/kg p...

  • capsaicin sensitive noradrenergic and noncholinergic depressor response to Spinal Cord Stimulation in the pithed rat
    Brain Research, 1992
    Co-Authors: Toshifumi Taguchi, Takuroh Imamura, Hiromu Kawasaki, Koichiro Takasaki
    Abstract:

    Abstract The effects of capsaicin on nonadrenergic, noncholinergic depressor responses to Spinal Cord Stimulation were studied in pithed rats. Mean blood pressure (MBP) was maintained at a level of 100 mmHg by continuous infusion of methoxamine and hexamethonium to block autonomic outflow. Electrical Stimulation of the lower thoracic region (T9-12) via a pithing rod produced a frequency (1–8 Hz)-dependent fall in elevated MBP. The depressor response was abolished by tetrodotoxin, whereas atropine, propranolol, and cimetidine plus pyrilamine did not affect the response. Capsaicin treatment abolished the depressor response. These results suggest that Spinal Cord Stimulation causes neurogenic vasolidation which is mediated by capsaicin-sensitive nonadrenergic and noncholinergic vasodilator nerves.

K. E. Kowalski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • inspiratory muscle activation via ventral lower thoracic high frequency Spinal Cord Stimulation
    Journal of Applied Physiology, 2019
    Co-Authors: J. R. Romaniuk, A. F. Dimarco, K. E. Kowalski, P A Kirkwood
    Abstract:

    This study suggests that, in contrast to dorsal high-frequency Spinal Cord Stimulation at the T9 Spinal level, which results in positive pressure generation, ventral high-frequency Spinal Cord stim...

  • Pattern of expiratory muscle activation during lower thoracic Spinal Cord Stimulation
    2016
    Co-Authors: A. F. Dimarco, J. R. Romaniuk, K. E. Kowalski, G. Supinski
    Abstract:

    G. Supinski. Pattern of expiratory muscle activation during lower thoracic Spinal Cord Stimulation. J. Appl. Physiol. 86(6): 1881–1889, 1999.—Large positive airway pressures (Paws) can be generated by lower thoracic Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS), which may be a useful method of restoring cough in Spinal Cord-injured patients. Optimal electrode placement, however, requires an assessment of the pattern of current spread during SCS. Studies were performed in anesthetized dogs to assess the pattern of expiratory muscle recruitment during SCS applied at different Spinal Cord levels. A multicon-tact stimulating electrode was positioned over the surface of the lower thoracic and upper lumbar Spinal Cord. ReCording electromyographic electrodes were placed at several locations in the abdominal and internal intercostal muscles. SCS was applied at each lead, in separate trials, with single shocks o

  • intercostal muscle pacing with high frequency Spinal Cord Stimulation in dogs
    Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology, 2010
    Co-Authors: A. F. Dimarco, K. E. Kowalski
    Abstract:

    Abstract High frequency Spinal Cord Stimulation (HF-SCS) is a novel and more physiologic method of inspiratory muscle activation which involves Stimulation of Spinal Cord pathways. In the present study, we determined if activation of the inspiratory intercostal muscles alone by this technique could be utilized to maintain artificial ventilation. In 7 anesthetized dogs, following C2 Spinal Cord section and bilateral phrenicotomy, trains of electrical Stimulation (12 times/min) were applied at the T2 level. Eucapnea was maintained during an initial 5.5 h period of continuous Stimulation. During a subsequent 0.5 h period, stimulus parameters were increased to induce hyperventilation resulting in a sustained fall in end-tidal P C O 2 to 29.3 ± 0.4 mm Hg. Single motor unit peak firing frequencies of the intercostal muscles during HF-SCS were similar to those occurring during spontaneous breathing. This technique holds promise as a method to restore ventilation in ventilator-dependent tetraplegics who do not have adequate phrenic nerve function for diaphragm pacing.

Maarten Van Kleef - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Spinal Cord Stimulation for chronic reflex sympathetic dystrophy five year follow up
    The New England Journal of Medicine, 2006
    Co-Authors: Marius A Kemler, Gerard A M Barendse, Frans A J M Van Den Wildenberg, Maarten Van Kleef
    Abstract:

    To the Editor: Reflex sympathetic dystrophy is a painful, disabling disorder of unknown pathophysiological origin that usually commences after trauma to or surgery on a limb. In chronic cases, the syndrome leads to extreme pain, disability, and an inability to work, symptoms that dramatically change the lives of both patients and their families.1,2 We undertook the present trial to determine whether treatment of chronic reflex sympathetic dystrophy with Spinal Cord Stimulation and physical therapy is more effective than treatment with physical therapy alone. In Spinal Cord Stimulation, an electrode is positioned in the epidural space on the dorsal aspect . . .

  • the effect of Spinal Cord Stimulation in patients with chronic reflex sympathetic dystrophy two years follow up of the randomized controlled trial
    Annals of Neurology, 2004
    Co-Authors: Marius A Kemler, Gerard A M Barendse, Frans A J M Van Den Wildenberg, Maarten Van Kleef
    Abstract:

    Chronic reflex sympathetic dystrophy is a painful, disabling disorder for which no treatment with proven effect is available. We performed a randomized trial in a 2 to 1 ratio of patients, in which 36 patients were treated with Spinal Cord Stimulation and physical therapy (SCS+PT), and 18 patients received solely PT. Twenty-four SCS+PT patients were given a permanent Spinal Cord Stimulation system after successful test Stimulation; the remaining 12 patients received no permanent system. We assessed pain intensity, global perceived effect, functional status, and health-related quality of life. Patients were examined before randomization, before implantation, and also at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months thereafter. At 2 years, three patients were excluded from the analysis. The intention-to-treat analysis showed improvements in the SCS+PT group concerning pain intensity (−2.1 vs 0.0cm; p < 0.001) and global perceived effect (43% vs 6% “much improved”; p = 0.001). There was no clinically important improvement of functional status. Health-related quality of life improved only in the group receiving Spinal Cord Stimulation. After careful selection and successful test Stimulation, Spinal Cord Stimulation results in a long-term pain reduction and health-related quality of life improvement in chronic reflex sympathetic dystrophy.

  • Spinal Cord Stimulation in patients with chronic reflex sympathetic dystrophy
    The New England Journal of Medicine, 2000
    Co-Authors: Marius A Kemler, Gerard A M Barendse, Maarten Van Kleef, Coen P M Rijks, Carina A Furnee, Frans A J M Van Den Wildenberg
    Abstract:

    Background Chronic reflex sympathetic dystrophy (also called the complex regional pain syndrome) is a painful, disabling disorder for which there is no proven treatment. In observational studies, Spinal Cord Stimulation has reduced the pain associated with the disorder. Methods We performed a randomized trial involving patients who had had reflex sympathetic dystrophy for at least six months. Thirty-six patients were assigned to receive treatment with Spinal Cord Stimulation plus physical therapy, and 18 were assigned to receive physical therapy alone. The Spinal Cord stimulator was implanted only if a test Stimulation was successful. We assessed the intensity of pain (on a visual-analogue scale from 0 cm [no pain] to 10 cm [very severe pain]), the global perceived effect (on a scale from 1 [worst ever] to 7 [best ever]), functional status, and the health-related quality of life. Results The test Stimulation of the Spinal Cord was successful in 24 patients; the other 12 patients did not receive implanted ...

Toshifumi Taguchi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • effects of dorsal rhizotomy on depressor response to Spinal Cord Stimulation mediated by endogenous calcitonin gene related peptide in the pithed rat
    Journal of Neurosurgery, 1993
    Co-Authors: Yoshitsugu Nuki, Toshifumi Taguchi, Koichiro Takasaki, Hiromu Kawasaki, Akihiko Wada
    Abstract:

    ✓ The effects of acute and chronic dorsal rhizotomy on vasodilation induced by Spinal Cord Stimulation were investigated in the pithed rat in vivo. Pithed rats were treated intravenously with hexamethonium (2 mg/kg/min) to block autonomic outflow, and mean arterial blood pressure was maintained at approximately 100 mm Hg with methoxamine (10 to 15 µg/kg/min). Electrical Stimulation (2 or 4 Hz, 10 V, 1 msec) of the lower thoracic Spinal Cord (T9–12) via the pithing rod caused a frequency-dependent depressor response without a change in heart rate. The depressor response to Spinal Cord Stimulation was inhibited by the intravenous administration of human calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) [8–37] (60 nmol/kg/min) or tetrodotoxin (100 µg/kg). In the pithed rat with acute or chronic bilateral dorsal root rhizotomy at lower thoracic levels (T8–12), Spinal Cord Stimulation at 2 and 4 Hz caused no depressor response. These results suggest that the depressor response to Spinal Cord Stimulation is mediated by en...

  • endogenous calcitonin gene related peptide mediates nonadrenergic noncholinergic depressor response to Spinal Cord Stimulation in the pithed rat
    Circulation Research, 1992
    Co-Authors: Toshifumi Taguchi, Takuroh Imamura, Hiromu Kawasaki, Koichiro Takasaki
    Abstract:

    The role of endogenous calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the nonadrenergic noncholinergic depressor response to Spinal Cord Stimulation was studied in the pithed rat in vivo. Pithed rats were given hexamethonium (2 mg/kg per minute i.v.) to block autonomic outflow, and mean blood pressure was artificially maintained at approximately 100 mm Hg with methoxamine (10-15 micrograms/kg per minute i.v.). Electrical Stimulation of the Spinal Cord at the level of the lower thoracic vertebra (T9-12) caused a fall in blood pressure in a frequency-dependent (0.5-10 Hz), voltage-dependent (2.5-50 V), and pulse duration-dependent (0.25-8 msec) manner. The heart rate did not change during the depressor response. The depressor response was long lasting, and the maximum response was elicited by Stimulation at 4-6 Hz. The neurotoxin tetrodotoxin (100 micrograms/kg i.v.) abolished the depressor response to Spinal Cord Stimulation, whereas treatment with propranolol (0.5 mg/kg per minute i.v.), atropine (0.05 mg/kg p...

  • capsaicin sensitive noradrenergic and noncholinergic depressor response to Spinal Cord Stimulation in the pithed rat
    Brain Research, 1992
    Co-Authors: Toshifumi Taguchi, Takuroh Imamura, Hiromu Kawasaki, Koichiro Takasaki
    Abstract:

    Abstract The effects of capsaicin on nonadrenergic, noncholinergic depressor responses to Spinal Cord Stimulation were studied in pithed rats. Mean blood pressure (MBP) was maintained at a level of 100 mmHg by continuous infusion of methoxamine and hexamethonium to block autonomic outflow. Electrical Stimulation of the lower thoracic region (T9-12) via a pithing rod produced a frequency (1–8 Hz)-dependent fall in elevated MBP. The depressor response was abolished by tetrodotoxin, whereas atropine, propranolol, and cimetidine plus pyrilamine did not affect the response. Capsaicin treatment abolished the depressor response. These results suggest that Spinal Cord Stimulation causes neurogenic vasolidation which is mediated by capsaicin-sensitive nonadrenergic and noncholinergic vasodilator nerves.