The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Mary L Bouxsein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the effect of thoracic kyphosis and sagittal plane alignment on vertebral compressive loading
Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 2012Co-Authors: Alexander G Bruno, Dennis E Anderson, John Dagostino, Mary L BouxseinAbstract:To better understand the biomechanical mechanisms underlying the association between hyperkyphosis of the thoracic spine and risk of vertebral fracture and other degenerative Spinal Pathology, we used a previously validated musculoskeletal model of the spine to determine how thoracic kyphosis angle and Spinal posture affect vertebral compressive loading. We simulated an age-related increase in thoracic kyphosis (T1-T12 Cobb angle 50° to 75°) during two different activities (relaxed standing and standing with 5 kg weights in the hands) and three different posture conditions: 1) an increase in thoracic kyphosis with no postural adjustment (uncompensated posture), 2) an increase in thoracic kyphosis with a concomitant increase in pelvic tilt that maintains a stable center of mass and horizontal eye gaze (compensated posture), and 3) an increase in thoracic kyphosis with a concomitant increase in lumbar lordosis that also maintains a stable center of mass and horizontal eye gaze (congruent posture). For all posture conditions, compressive loading increased with increasing thoracic kyphosis, with loading increasing more in the thoracolumbar and lumbar regions than in the mid-thoracic region. Loading increased the most for the uncompensated posture, followed by the compensated posture, with the congruent posture almost completely mitigating any increases in loading with increased thoracic kyphosis. These findings indicate that thoracic kyphosis and Spinal posture both influence vertebral loading during daily activities, implying that thoracic kyphosis measurements alone are not sufficient to characterize the impact of Spinal curvature on vertebral loading.
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the effect of thoracic kyphosis and sagittal plane alignment on vertebral compressive loading
Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 2012Co-Authors: Alexander G Bruno, Dennis E Anderson, John Dagostino, Mary L BouxseinAbstract:To better understand the biomechanical mechanisms underlying the association between hyperkyphosis of the thoracic spine and risk of vertebral fracture and other degenerative Spinal Pathology, we used a previously validated musculoskeletal model of the spine to determine how thoracic kyphosis angle and Spinal posture affect vertebral compressive loading. We simulated an age-related increase in thoracic kyphosis (T(1) -T(12) Cobb angle 50-75 degrees) during two different activities (relaxed standing and standing with 5-kg weights in the hands) and three different posture conditions: (1) an increase in thoracic kyphosis with no postural adjustment (uncompensated posture); (2) an increase in thoracic kyphosis with a concomitant increase in pelvic tilt that maintains a stable center of mass and horizontal eye gaze (compensated posture); and (3) an increase in thoracic kyphosis with a concomitant increase in lumbar lordosis that also maintains a stable center of mass and horizontal eye gaze (congruent posture). For all posture conditions, compressive loading increased with increasing thoracic kyphosis, with loading increasing more in the thoracolumbar and lumbar regions than in the mid-thoracic region. Loading increased the most for the uncompensated posture, followed by the compensated posture, with the congruent posture almost completely mitigating any increases in loading with increased thoracic kyphosis. These findings indicate that both thoracic kyphosis and Spinal posture influence vertebral loading during daily activities, implying that thoracic kyphosis measurements alone are not sufficient to characterize the impact of Spinal curvature on vertebral loading.
Svenja Illienjunger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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leptin signaling and the intervertebral disc sex dependent effects of leptin receptor deficiency and western diet on the spine in a type 2 diabetes mouse model
PLOS ONE, 2020Co-Authors: Devorah M Natelson, Alon Lai, Divya Krishnamoorthy, Robert C Hoy, James C Iatridis, Svenja IllienjungerAbstract:Type 2 diabetes and obesity are associated with back pain in juveniles and adults and are implicated in intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. Hypercaloric Western diets are associated with both obesity and type 2 diabetes. The objective of this study was to determine if obesity and type 2 diabetes result in Spinal Pathology in a sex-specific manner using in vivo diabetic and dietary mouse models. Leptin is an appetite-regulating hormone, and its deficiency leads to polyphagia, resulting in obesity and diabetes. Leptin is also associated with IVD degeneration, and increased expression of its receptor was identified in degenerated IVDs. We used young, leptin receptor deficient (Db/Db) mice to mimic the effect of diet and diabetes on adolescents. Db/Db and Control mice were fed either Western or Control diets, and were sacrificed at 3 months of age. Db/Db mice were obese, while only female mice developed diabetes. Female Db/Db mice displayed altered IVD morphology, with increased intradiscal notochordal band area, suggesting delayed IVD cell proliferation and differentiation, rather than IVD degeneration. Motion segments from Db/Db mice exhibited increased failure risk with decreased torsional failure strength. Db/Db mice also had inferior bone quality, which was most prominent in females. We conclude that obesity and diabetes due to impaired leptin signaling contribute to pathological changes in vertebrae, as well as an immature IVD phenotype, particularly of females, suggesting a sex-dependent role of leptin in the spine.
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leptin signaling and the intervertebral disc sex dependent effects of leptin receptor deficiency and western diet on the spine in a type 2 diabetes mouse model
bioRxiv, 2019Co-Authors: Devorah M Natelson, Alon Lai, Divya Krishnamoorthy, Robert C Hoy, James C Iatridis, Svenja IllienjungerAbstract:Type 2 diabetes and obesity are associated with back pain in juveniles and adults and are implicated in intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. Hypercaloric Western diets are associated with both obesity and type 2 diabetes. The objective of this study was to determine if obesity and type 2 diabetes result in Spinal Pathology in a sex-specific manner using in vivo diabetic and dietary mouse models. Leptin is an appetite-regulating hormone, and its deficiency leads to polyphagia, resulting in obesity and diabetes. Leptin is also associated with IVD degeneration, and increased expression of its receptor was identified in degenerated IVDs. We used young, leptin receptor deficient (Db/Db) mice to mimic the effect of diet and diabetes on adolescents. Db/Db and Control mice were fed either Western or Control diets, and were sacrificed at 3 months of age. Db/Db mice were obese, while only female mice developed diabetes. Female Db/Db mice displayed altered IVD morphology, with increased intradiscal notochordal band area, suggesting delayed IVD cell proliferation and differentiation, rather than IVD degeneration. Motion segments from Db/Db mice exhibited increased failure risk with decreased torsional failure strength, mostly within the discovertebral junction, suggesting that diminished leptin signaling might have caused delayed endochondral ossification leading to less mature and fragile growth plates. Db/Db mice also had inferior bone quality, which was most prominent in females. We conclude that obesity and diabetes due to impaired leptin signaling contribute to pathological changes in vertebrae, as well as an immature IVD phenotype, particularly of females, suggesting a sex-dependent role of leptin in the spine.
Alexander G Bruno - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the effect of thoracic kyphosis and sagittal plane alignment on vertebral compressive loading
Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 2012Co-Authors: Alexander G Bruno, Dennis E Anderson, John Dagostino, Mary L BouxseinAbstract:To better understand the biomechanical mechanisms underlying the association between hyperkyphosis of the thoracic spine and risk of vertebral fracture and other degenerative Spinal Pathology, we used a previously validated musculoskeletal model of the spine to determine how thoracic kyphosis angle and Spinal posture affect vertebral compressive loading. We simulated an age-related increase in thoracic kyphosis (T1-T12 Cobb angle 50° to 75°) during two different activities (relaxed standing and standing with 5 kg weights in the hands) and three different posture conditions: 1) an increase in thoracic kyphosis with no postural adjustment (uncompensated posture), 2) an increase in thoracic kyphosis with a concomitant increase in pelvic tilt that maintains a stable center of mass and horizontal eye gaze (compensated posture), and 3) an increase in thoracic kyphosis with a concomitant increase in lumbar lordosis that also maintains a stable center of mass and horizontal eye gaze (congruent posture). For all posture conditions, compressive loading increased with increasing thoracic kyphosis, with loading increasing more in the thoracolumbar and lumbar regions than in the mid-thoracic region. Loading increased the most for the uncompensated posture, followed by the compensated posture, with the congruent posture almost completely mitigating any increases in loading with increased thoracic kyphosis. These findings indicate that thoracic kyphosis and Spinal posture both influence vertebral loading during daily activities, implying that thoracic kyphosis measurements alone are not sufficient to characterize the impact of Spinal curvature on vertebral loading.
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the effect of thoracic kyphosis and sagittal plane alignment on vertebral compressive loading
Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 2012Co-Authors: Alexander G Bruno, Dennis E Anderson, John Dagostino, Mary L BouxseinAbstract:To better understand the biomechanical mechanisms underlying the association between hyperkyphosis of the thoracic spine and risk of vertebral fracture and other degenerative Spinal Pathology, we used a previously validated musculoskeletal model of the spine to determine how thoracic kyphosis angle and Spinal posture affect vertebral compressive loading. We simulated an age-related increase in thoracic kyphosis (T(1) -T(12) Cobb angle 50-75 degrees) during two different activities (relaxed standing and standing with 5-kg weights in the hands) and three different posture conditions: (1) an increase in thoracic kyphosis with no postural adjustment (uncompensated posture); (2) an increase in thoracic kyphosis with a concomitant increase in pelvic tilt that maintains a stable center of mass and horizontal eye gaze (compensated posture); and (3) an increase in thoracic kyphosis with a concomitant increase in lumbar lordosis that also maintains a stable center of mass and horizontal eye gaze (congruent posture). For all posture conditions, compressive loading increased with increasing thoracic kyphosis, with loading increasing more in the thoracolumbar and lumbar regions than in the mid-thoracic region. Loading increased the most for the uncompensated posture, followed by the compensated posture, with the congruent posture almost completely mitigating any increases in loading with increased thoracic kyphosis. These findings indicate that both thoracic kyphosis and Spinal posture influence vertebral loading during daily activities, implying that thoracic kyphosis measurements alone are not sufficient to characterize the impact of Spinal curvature on vertebral loading.
Dennis E Anderson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the effect of thoracic kyphosis and sagittal plane alignment on vertebral compressive loading
Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 2012Co-Authors: Alexander G Bruno, Dennis E Anderson, John Dagostino, Mary L BouxseinAbstract:To better understand the biomechanical mechanisms underlying the association between hyperkyphosis of the thoracic spine and risk of vertebral fracture and other degenerative Spinal Pathology, we used a previously validated musculoskeletal model of the spine to determine how thoracic kyphosis angle and Spinal posture affect vertebral compressive loading. We simulated an age-related increase in thoracic kyphosis (T1-T12 Cobb angle 50° to 75°) during two different activities (relaxed standing and standing with 5 kg weights in the hands) and three different posture conditions: 1) an increase in thoracic kyphosis with no postural adjustment (uncompensated posture), 2) an increase in thoracic kyphosis with a concomitant increase in pelvic tilt that maintains a stable center of mass and horizontal eye gaze (compensated posture), and 3) an increase in thoracic kyphosis with a concomitant increase in lumbar lordosis that also maintains a stable center of mass and horizontal eye gaze (congruent posture). For all posture conditions, compressive loading increased with increasing thoracic kyphosis, with loading increasing more in the thoracolumbar and lumbar regions than in the mid-thoracic region. Loading increased the most for the uncompensated posture, followed by the compensated posture, with the congruent posture almost completely mitigating any increases in loading with increased thoracic kyphosis. These findings indicate that thoracic kyphosis and Spinal posture both influence vertebral loading during daily activities, implying that thoracic kyphosis measurements alone are not sufficient to characterize the impact of Spinal curvature on vertebral loading.
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the effect of thoracic kyphosis and sagittal plane alignment on vertebral compressive loading
Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 2012Co-Authors: Alexander G Bruno, Dennis E Anderson, John Dagostino, Mary L BouxseinAbstract:To better understand the biomechanical mechanisms underlying the association between hyperkyphosis of the thoracic spine and risk of vertebral fracture and other degenerative Spinal Pathology, we used a previously validated musculoskeletal model of the spine to determine how thoracic kyphosis angle and Spinal posture affect vertebral compressive loading. We simulated an age-related increase in thoracic kyphosis (T(1) -T(12) Cobb angle 50-75 degrees) during two different activities (relaxed standing and standing with 5-kg weights in the hands) and three different posture conditions: (1) an increase in thoracic kyphosis with no postural adjustment (uncompensated posture); (2) an increase in thoracic kyphosis with a concomitant increase in pelvic tilt that maintains a stable center of mass and horizontal eye gaze (compensated posture); and (3) an increase in thoracic kyphosis with a concomitant increase in lumbar lordosis that also maintains a stable center of mass and horizontal eye gaze (congruent posture). For all posture conditions, compressive loading increased with increasing thoracic kyphosis, with loading increasing more in the thoracolumbar and lumbar regions than in the mid-thoracic region. Loading increased the most for the uncompensated posture, followed by the compensated posture, with the congruent posture almost completely mitigating any increases in loading with increased thoracic kyphosis. These findings indicate that both thoracic kyphosis and Spinal posture influence vertebral loading during daily activities, implying that thoracic kyphosis measurements alone are not sufficient to characterize the impact of Spinal curvature on vertebral loading.
Latha Senthil - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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type of interventional pain procedure body weight and presence of Spinal Pathology are determinants of the level of radiation exposure for fluoroscopically guided pain procedures
Pain Practice, 2012Co-Authors: Dalvina Hanucernat, Rui V Duarte, Jon H Raphael, Hirachand Mutagi, Sandeep Kapur, Latha SenthilAbstract:Abstract: In the recent years new technology has led to the development of a bewildering array of imaging procedures. Yet, conventional radiography remains one of the most used tools to diagnose and to aid procedural interventions. Fluoroscopy guidance facilitates targeted drug delivery or radiofrequency directly to the area of Pathology, a benefit that has to be balanced against the risks of radiation exposure. In this prospective observational survey of routine practice, dose area product (DAP) and screening time (ST) were recorded in 127 consecutive patients undergoing fluoroscopically guided Spinal procedures along with other probable measures of potentially greater radiation exposure such as weight, type of Spinal Pathology, the ease of recognition of the anatomical landmarks, and the radiographic quality of the image in terms of contrast and graininess. The mean ST was 34±27seconds (range, 3 to 218seconds), the mean DAP was 1.18±1.08Gycm 2 (range, 0.023 to 6.82 seconds). A correlation between weight and DAP was confirmed (r=0.230, P<0.05, Spearman's correlation coefficient). Patients with Spinal Pathology (n=33) had higher radiation exposure than those without (DAP median=0.85, U=978.00, P<0.005, r=-0.28, Mann-Whitney test). The DAP values obtained compare favourably with the recommended doses for radiographs and other procedures, although they generally exceed the values for a chest X-ray. {black small square} © 2011 The Authors. Pain Practice © 2011 World Institute of Pain.
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type of interventional pain procedure body weight and presence of Spinal Pathology are determinants of the level of radiation exposure for fluoroscopically guided pain procedures
Pain Practice, 2012Co-Authors: Dalvina Hanucernat, Rui V Duarte, Jon H Raphael, Hirachand Mutagi, Sandeep Kapur, Latha SenthilAbstract:In the recent years new technology has led to the development of a bewildering array of imaging procedures. Yet, conventional radiography remains one of the most used tools to diagnose and to aid procedural interventions. Fluoroscopy guidance facilitates targeted drug delivery or radiofrequency directly to the area of Pathology, a benefit that has to be balanced against the risks of radiation exposure. In this prospective observational survey of routine practice, dose area product (DAP) and screening time (ST) were recorded in 127 consecutive patients undergoing fluoroscopically guided Spinal procedures along with other probable measures of potentially greater radiation exposure such as weight, type of Spinal Pathology, the ease of recognition of the anatomical landmarks, and the radiographic quality of the image in terms of contrast and graininess. The mean ST was 34±27 seconds (range, 3 to 218 seconds), the mean DAP was 1.18±1.08 Gy cm(2) (range, 0.023 to 6.82 seconds). A correlation between weight and DAP was confirmed (r=0.230, P<0.05, Spearman's correlation coefficient). Patients with Spinal Pathology (n=33) had higher radiation exposure than those without (DAP median=0.85, U=978.00, P<0.005, r=-0.28, Mann-Whitney test). The DAP values obtained compare favourably with the recommended doses for radiographs and other procedures, although they generally exceed the values for a chest X-ray.
