The Experts below are selected from a list of 486 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Roland Schaper - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Efficacy of a combination of imidacloprid 10%/moxidectin 2.5% spot-on (Advocate® for dogs) in the prevention of canine spirocercosis (Spirocerca lupi)
Parasitology Research, 2010Co-Authors: Christophe Sueur, Sophie Bour, Roland SchaperAbstract:The nematode Spirocerca lupi is a major canine parasite in warm regions of the world, classically causing parasitic nodules in the esophagus, aortic aneurysms, and spondylitis. This study evaluated the preventive efficacy of monthly treatment with imidacloprid 10%/moxidectin 2.5% spot-on (Advocate® for dogs) administered over a period of 9 months in young dogs naturally exposed to S. lupi on Réunion island. One hundred and twelve puppies, aged from 2.0 to 4.0 months and with a negative Spirocerca fecal examination at inclusion, completed the study. They were randomly allocated to two groups. Group A puppies ( n = 58) received nine spot-on treatments with Advocate® at the minimum dose of 2.5 mg moxidectin/kg bw at monthly intervals. Control group B puppies ( n = 54) received no treatment for S. lupi . During the study, regular clinical and fecal examinations were performed, as was final upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Endoscopy showed that 19 dogs from group B had Spirocerca nodules, corresponding to a prevalence of 35.2% in dogs aged 12 to 14 months. In contrast, only one dog from group A had a nodule, corresponding to a preventive efficacy of 94.7% ( p
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efficacy of a combination of imidacloprid 10 moxidectin 2 5 spot on advocate for dogs in the prevention of canine spirocercosis Spirocerca lupi
Parasitology Research, 2010Co-Authors: Christophe Sueur, Sophie Bour, Roland SchaperAbstract:The nematode Spirocerca lupi is a major canine parasite in warm regions of the world, classically causing parasitic nodules in the esophagus, aortic aneurysms, and spondylitis. This study evaluated the preventive efficacy of monthly treatment with imidacloprid 10%/moxidectin 2.5% spot-on (Advocate® for dogs) administered over a period of 9 months in young dogs naturally exposed to S. lupi on Reunion island. One hundred and twelve puppies, aged from 2.0 to 4.0 months and with a negative Spirocerca fecal examination at inclusion, completed the study. They were randomly allocated to two groups. Group A puppies (n=58) received nine spot-on treatments with Advocate® at the minimum dose of 2.5 mg moxidectin/kg bw at monthly intervals. Control group B puppies (n=54) received no treatment for S. lupi. During the study, regular clinical and fecal examinations were performed, as was final upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Endoscopy showed that 19 dogs from group B had Spirocerca nodules, corresponding to a prevalence of 35.2% in dogs aged 12 to 14 months. In contrast, only one dog from group A had a nodule, corresponding to a preventive efficacy of 94.7% (p< 0.0001). None of the 378 fecal examinations were positive for Spirocerca. This study confirms a high prevalence of canine spirocercosis on Reunion and shows that infestation occurs in very young puppies. Furthermore, it demonstrates that monthly spot-on administration of a combination of imidacloprid 10%/moxidectin 2.5% (Advocate® for dogs) in puppies starting at the age of 2 to 4 months achieves effective and safe prevention of canine spirocercosis.
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efficacy of a combination of imidacloprid 10 moxidectin 2 5 spot on advocate for dogs in the prevention of canine spirocercosis Spirocerca lupi
Parasitology Research, 2010Co-Authors: Christophe Le Sueur, Sophie Bour, Roland SchaperAbstract:The nematode Spirocerca lupi is a major canine parasite in warm regions of the world, classically causing parasitic nodules in the esophagus, aortic aneurysms, and spondylitis. This study evaluated the preventive efficacy of monthly treatment with imidacloprid 10%/moxidectin 2.5% spot-on (Advocate® for dogs) administered over a period of 9 months in young dogs naturally exposed to S. lupi on Reunion island. One hundred and twelve puppies, aged from 2.0 to 4.0 months and with a negative Spirocerca fecal examination at inclusion, completed the study. They were randomly allocated to two groups. Group A puppies (n=58) received nine spot-on treatments with Advocate® at the minimum dose of 2.5 mg moxidectin/kg bw at monthly intervals. Control group B puppies (n=54) received no treatment for S. lupi. During the study, regular clinical and fecal examinations were performed, as was final upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Endoscopy showed that 19 dogs from group B had Spirocerca nodules, corresponding to a prevalence of 35.2% in dogs aged 12 to 14 months. In contrast, only one dog from group A had a nodule, corresponding to a preventive efficacy of 94.7% (p< 0.0001). None of the 378 fecal examinations were positive for Spirocerca. This study confirms a high prevalence of canine spirocercosis on Reunion and shows that infestation occurs in very young puppies. Furthermore, it demonstrates that monthly spot-on administration of a combination of imidacloprid 10%/moxidectin 2.5% (Advocate® for dogs) in puppies starting at the age of 2 to 4 months achieves effective and safe prevention of canine spirocercosis.
Pamela J De Waal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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diversity of Spirocerca lupi in domestic dogs and black backed jackals canis mesomelas from south africa
Veterinary Parasitology, 2017Co-Authors: Wiekolize Rothmann, Pamela J De WaalAbstract:Abstract Spirocerca lupi is a parasitic nematode that causes spirocercosis predominantly in domestic dogs. Spirocerca lupi nematode samples were collected from four regions around South Africa and analyzed to compare the genetic diversity among the regions. A total of 56 S. lupi nematodes were obtained by necropsy from domestic dogs and wild black-backed jackals (Canis mesomelas). Sixteen different haplotypes of cox1 were identified some of which are shared between regions as well as with black-backed jackal. The genetic similarity between S. lupi in domestic dogs and black-backed jackals indicates transmission between these canid species and may have potential conservation implications.
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Genotyping and comparative pathology of Spirocerca in black-backed jackals (Canis mesomelas) in South Africa
BMC Veterinary Research, 2017Co-Authors: M. M. Bumby, Mark C. Williams, Johan Christian Abraham Steyl, R. Harrison-white, Heike Lutermann, Geoffrey T. Fosgate, Pamela J De Waal, J. Mitha, Sarah J. CliftAbstract:Background The pathology of spirocercosis, a disease caused by the infestation of carnivores with the nematode Spirocerca lupi, has been extensively described in domestic dogs and coyotes. However, it has not been described in wild carnivores in South Africa. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether black-backed jackals are a host for Spirocerca species and to provide a detailed description of the associated pathology. Jackals were also stratified according to age and the Spirocerca species recovered were characterized using molecular techniques. Methods Standard necropsies were performed on routinely culled jackals from three of the nine provinces of South Africa during the period June 2012 to February 2013. Jackals were screened for the presence of pathognomonic Spirocerca- induced lesions and for evidence of aberrant migration. Relevant samples were submitted for histopathology and collected larvae were genotyped at nine microsatellite loci. Results Spirocerca lupi -associated aortic lesions were found in 16 of 93 (17%) black-backed jackals. Of these, four (25%) were associated with S. lupi larvae. Genotyping of the larvae revealed amplification of all nine loci that amplified dog-derived S. lupi, with the same level of polymorphism in the allele size ranges. Only 1 of 93 jackals had an esophageal nodule with concurrent S. lupi -induced aortic aneurysms. The single esophageal nodule found did not contain adult nematodes, nor did it communicate with the esophageal lumen. None of the jackals that were examined had macroscopically evident spondylitis, which is frequently reported in the dog. Histopathology of the S. lupi- induced aortic lesions in the jackal revealed replacement of elastic and smooth muscle fibers by fibrous connective tissue. In cases where inflammation was present, the inflammatory infiltrate consisted predominantly of eosinophils. The single esophageal nodule histologically resembled the early inflammatory nodule described in dogs and consisted of fibrous connective tissue, multifocal accumulation of lymphocytes, plasma cells and rare hemosiderin-laden macrophages. Conclusions These lesions suggest that the life cycle of S. lupi may not or only rarely be completed in jackals. A possible explanation might be that jackals are relatively resistant to developing significant pathology associated with S. lupi- infection. However, before any conclusions can be drawn, many more jackals, including those that die naturally will have to be investigated for evidence of S. lupi infection .
Sophie Bour - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Efficacy of a combination of imidacloprid 10%/moxidectin 2.5% spot-on (Advocate® for dogs) in the prevention of canine spirocercosis (Spirocerca lupi)
Parasitology Research, 2010Co-Authors: Christophe Sueur, Sophie Bour, Roland SchaperAbstract:The nematode Spirocerca lupi is a major canine parasite in warm regions of the world, classically causing parasitic nodules in the esophagus, aortic aneurysms, and spondylitis. This study evaluated the preventive efficacy of monthly treatment with imidacloprid 10%/moxidectin 2.5% spot-on (Advocate® for dogs) administered over a period of 9 months in young dogs naturally exposed to S. lupi on Réunion island. One hundred and twelve puppies, aged from 2.0 to 4.0 months and with a negative Spirocerca fecal examination at inclusion, completed the study. They were randomly allocated to two groups. Group A puppies ( n = 58) received nine spot-on treatments with Advocate® at the minimum dose of 2.5 mg moxidectin/kg bw at monthly intervals. Control group B puppies ( n = 54) received no treatment for S. lupi . During the study, regular clinical and fecal examinations were performed, as was final upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Endoscopy showed that 19 dogs from group B had Spirocerca nodules, corresponding to a prevalence of 35.2% in dogs aged 12 to 14 months. In contrast, only one dog from group A had a nodule, corresponding to a preventive efficacy of 94.7% ( p
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efficacy of a combination of imidacloprid 10 moxidectin 2 5 spot on advocate for dogs in the prevention of canine spirocercosis Spirocerca lupi
Parasitology Research, 2010Co-Authors: Christophe Sueur, Sophie Bour, Roland SchaperAbstract:The nematode Spirocerca lupi is a major canine parasite in warm regions of the world, classically causing parasitic nodules in the esophagus, aortic aneurysms, and spondylitis. This study evaluated the preventive efficacy of monthly treatment with imidacloprid 10%/moxidectin 2.5% spot-on (Advocate® for dogs) administered over a period of 9 months in young dogs naturally exposed to S. lupi on Reunion island. One hundred and twelve puppies, aged from 2.0 to 4.0 months and with a negative Spirocerca fecal examination at inclusion, completed the study. They were randomly allocated to two groups. Group A puppies (n=58) received nine spot-on treatments with Advocate® at the minimum dose of 2.5 mg moxidectin/kg bw at monthly intervals. Control group B puppies (n=54) received no treatment for S. lupi. During the study, regular clinical and fecal examinations were performed, as was final upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Endoscopy showed that 19 dogs from group B had Spirocerca nodules, corresponding to a prevalence of 35.2% in dogs aged 12 to 14 months. In contrast, only one dog from group A had a nodule, corresponding to a preventive efficacy of 94.7% (p< 0.0001). None of the 378 fecal examinations were positive for Spirocerca. This study confirms a high prevalence of canine spirocercosis on Reunion and shows that infestation occurs in very young puppies. Furthermore, it demonstrates that monthly spot-on administration of a combination of imidacloprid 10%/moxidectin 2.5% (Advocate® for dogs) in puppies starting at the age of 2 to 4 months achieves effective and safe prevention of canine spirocercosis.
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efficacy of a combination of imidacloprid 10 moxidectin 2 5 spot on advocate for dogs in the prevention of canine spirocercosis Spirocerca lupi
Parasitology Research, 2010Co-Authors: Christophe Le Sueur, Sophie Bour, Roland SchaperAbstract:The nematode Spirocerca lupi is a major canine parasite in warm regions of the world, classically causing parasitic nodules in the esophagus, aortic aneurysms, and spondylitis. This study evaluated the preventive efficacy of monthly treatment with imidacloprid 10%/moxidectin 2.5% spot-on (Advocate® for dogs) administered over a period of 9 months in young dogs naturally exposed to S. lupi on Reunion island. One hundred and twelve puppies, aged from 2.0 to 4.0 months and with a negative Spirocerca fecal examination at inclusion, completed the study. They were randomly allocated to two groups. Group A puppies (n=58) received nine spot-on treatments with Advocate® at the minimum dose of 2.5 mg moxidectin/kg bw at monthly intervals. Control group B puppies (n=54) received no treatment for S. lupi. During the study, regular clinical and fecal examinations were performed, as was final upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Endoscopy showed that 19 dogs from group B had Spirocerca nodules, corresponding to a prevalence of 35.2% in dogs aged 12 to 14 months. In contrast, only one dog from group A had a nodule, corresponding to a preventive efficacy of 94.7% (p< 0.0001). None of the 378 fecal examinations were positive for Spirocerca. This study confirms a high prevalence of canine spirocercosis on Reunion and shows that infestation occurs in very young puppies. Furthermore, it demonstrates that monthly spot-on administration of a combination of imidacloprid 10%/moxidectin 2.5% (Advocate® for dogs) in puppies starting at the age of 2 to 4 months achieves effective and safe prevention of canine spirocercosis.
Christophe Sueur - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Efficacy of a combination of imidacloprid 10%/moxidectin 2.5% spot-on (Advocate® for dogs) in the prevention of canine spirocercosis (Spirocerca lupi)
Parasitology Research, 2010Co-Authors: Christophe Sueur, Sophie Bour, Roland SchaperAbstract:The nematode Spirocerca lupi is a major canine parasite in warm regions of the world, classically causing parasitic nodules in the esophagus, aortic aneurysms, and spondylitis. This study evaluated the preventive efficacy of monthly treatment with imidacloprid 10%/moxidectin 2.5% spot-on (Advocate® for dogs) administered over a period of 9 months in young dogs naturally exposed to S. lupi on Réunion island. One hundred and twelve puppies, aged from 2.0 to 4.0 months and with a negative Spirocerca fecal examination at inclusion, completed the study. They were randomly allocated to two groups. Group A puppies ( n = 58) received nine spot-on treatments with Advocate® at the minimum dose of 2.5 mg moxidectin/kg bw at monthly intervals. Control group B puppies ( n = 54) received no treatment for S. lupi . During the study, regular clinical and fecal examinations were performed, as was final upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Endoscopy showed that 19 dogs from group B had Spirocerca nodules, corresponding to a prevalence of 35.2% in dogs aged 12 to 14 months. In contrast, only one dog from group A had a nodule, corresponding to a preventive efficacy of 94.7% ( p
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efficacy of a combination of imidacloprid 10 moxidectin 2 5 spot on advocate for dogs in the prevention of canine spirocercosis Spirocerca lupi
Parasitology Research, 2010Co-Authors: Christophe Sueur, Sophie Bour, Roland SchaperAbstract:The nematode Spirocerca lupi is a major canine parasite in warm regions of the world, classically causing parasitic nodules in the esophagus, aortic aneurysms, and spondylitis. This study evaluated the preventive efficacy of monthly treatment with imidacloprid 10%/moxidectin 2.5% spot-on (Advocate® for dogs) administered over a period of 9 months in young dogs naturally exposed to S. lupi on Reunion island. One hundred and twelve puppies, aged from 2.0 to 4.0 months and with a negative Spirocerca fecal examination at inclusion, completed the study. They were randomly allocated to two groups. Group A puppies (n=58) received nine spot-on treatments with Advocate® at the minimum dose of 2.5 mg moxidectin/kg bw at monthly intervals. Control group B puppies (n=54) received no treatment for S. lupi. During the study, regular clinical and fecal examinations were performed, as was final upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Endoscopy showed that 19 dogs from group B had Spirocerca nodules, corresponding to a prevalence of 35.2% in dogs aged 12 to 14 months. In contrast, only one dog from group A had a nodule, corresponding to a preventive efficacy of 94.7% (p< 0.0001). None of the 378 fecal examinations were positive for Spirocerca. This study confirms a high prevalence of canine spirocercosis on Reunion and shows that infestation occurs in very young puppies. Furthermore, it demonstrates that monthly spot-on administration of a combination of imidacloprid 10%/moxidectin 2.5% (Advocate® for dogs) in puppies starting at the age of 2 to 4 months achieves effective and safe prevention of canine spirocercosis.
Sarah J. Clift - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the use of primary murine fibroblasts to ascertain if Spirocerca lupi secretory excretory protein products are mitogenic ex vivo
BMC Veterinary Research, 2017Co-Authors: Kgomotso Sako, Iise Janse Van Rensburg, Sarah J. Clift, Vinny NaidooAbstract:Spirocerca lupi is a nematode that parasitizes vertebrates in particular canids, by forming nodules in the thoracic cavity specifically in the oesophagus. In 25% of Spirocerca infections of the domestic dog, nodules progress from inflammatory to pre-neoplastic to sarcomatous neoplasia. With the mechanism of neoplastic transformation being incompletely understood, this study investigates if S. lupi parasite proteinaceous secretory/excretory products (ESPs) play a role in the neoplastic transformation. To facilitate collection of ESPs, we maintained naturally harvested adult parasites in the laboratory under artificial conditions. Media in which the parasites were grown was subsequently evaluated for the presence of proteinaceous compounds using a mass spectroscopy library as well as for their ability to be mitogenic in primary murine fibroblastic cells. Chromatrography of the ethyl acetate extracted incubation media showed the presence of 9 protein compounds, of which three were identified as non-specific proteins isolated from Nematostella vectensis, Caenorhabditis brenneri and Sus scrofa, with the rest being unknown. Acetone, methanol, hexane and ethylacetate extracted culture media were unable to induce a mitogenic change in primary murine fibroblasts in comparison to the controls. While no mitogenic effect was evident, further studies are required to understand the role of worm excretory/secretory products on clastogenesis under chronic exposure. In addition, while not of primary importance for this study, the observed duration of parasite survival indicates that ex vivo studies on S. lupi are possible. For the latter we believe that the worm culture method can be further optimized if longer survival times are required.
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Genotyping and comparative pathology of Spirocerca in black-backed jackals (Canis mesomelas) in South Africa
BMC Veterinary Research, 2017Co-Authors: M. M. Bumby, Mark C. Williams, Johan Christian Abraham Steyl, R. Harrison-white, Heike Lutermann, Geoffrey T. Fosgate, Pamela J De Waal, J. Mitha, Sarah J. CliftAbstract:Background The pathology of spirocercosis, a disease caused by the infestation of carnivores with the nematode Spirocerca lupi, has been extensively described in domestic dogs and coyotes. However, it has not been described in wild carnivores in South Africa. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether black-backed jackals are a host for Spirocerca species and to provide a detailed description of the associated pathology. Jackals were also stratified according to age and the Spirocerca species recovered were characterized using molecular techniques. Methods Standard necropsies were performed on routinely culled jackals from three of the nine provinces of South Africa during the period June 2012 to February 2013. Jackals were screened for the presence of pathognomonic Spirocerca- induced lesions and for evidence of aberrant migration. Relevant samples were submitted for histopathology and collected larvae were genotyped at nine microsatellite loci. Results Spirocerca lupi -associated aortic lesions were found in 16 of 93 (17%) black-backed jackals. Of these, four (25%) were associated with S. lupi larvae. Genotyping of the larvae revealed amplification of all nine loci that amplified dog-derived S. lupi, with the same level of polymorphism in the allele size ranges. Only 1 of 93 jackals had an esophageal nodule with concurrent S. lupi -induced aortic aneurysms. The single esophageal nodule found did not contain adult nematodes, nor did it communicate with the esophageal lumen. None of the jackals that were examined had macroscopically evident spondylitis, which is frequently reported in the dog. Histopathology of the S. lupi- induced aortic lesions in the jackal revealed replacement of elastic and smooth muscle fibers by fibrous connective tissue. In cases where inflammation was present, the inflammatory infiltrate consisted predominantly of eosinophils. The single esophageal nodule histologically resembled the early inflammatory nodule described in dogs and consisted of fibrous connective tissue, multifocal accumulation of lymphocytes, plasma cells and rare hemosiderin-laden macrophages. Conclusions These lesions suggest that the life cycle of S. lupi may not or only rarely be completed in jackals. A possible explanation might be that jackals are relatively resistant to developing significant pathology associated with S. lupi- infection. However, before any conclusions can be drawn, many more jackals, including those that die naturally will have to be investigated for evidence of S. lupi infection .
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Spirocerca lupi associated vertebral changes a radiologic pathologic study
Veterinary Parasitology, 2013Co-Authors: Robert M Kirberger, Sarah J. Clift, Erna Van Wilpe, Eran DvirAbstract:Abstract Spirocerca lupi causes a caudal esophageal mass in dogs which may be accompanied by aortic changes and caudal thoracic spondylitis. Previous literature hypothesized that the spondylitis was caused by either aberrant larval migration or was secondary to the inflammation caused by the aortic migration. The current study aimed to evaluate these hypotheses. Ten dogs of various breeds and ages with radiographic evidence of spondylitis, which were necropsied, had the affected vertebrae removed and prepared for light and transmission electron microscopy examination. Transverse and sagittal sections of the ventral vertebrae were taken from 27 spondylitis and 8 spondylosis deformans lesions as well as from 8 normal vertebrae. Early spondylitis changes were characterized by periosteal woven new bone covered by hyperplastic periosteum with some involvement of the ventral longitudinal ligament. More mature lesions were characterized by nodules of denser trabecular bone and cartilage, also covered by hyperplastic periosteum and involved the ventral longitudinal ligament. It was difficult to distinguish the spondylitis and spondylosis deformans new bone. Inflammation was seen in five spondylitis cases (edema, lymphocytes, plasma cells, eosinophils and fibrin fibers). Spirocerca eggs were seen in one histologic section. This study shows that inflammation is mild and inconsistent in spirocercosis-induced spondylitis and that aberrant migration of the larvae or adults did not appear to be a predominant cause. Inflammatory mediators or osteoproliferative growth factors, which may be related to the primary esophageal lesion or to the worm itself, could be involved. This requires further investigation.
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Spirocerca lupi associated vertebral changes a radiologic pathologic study
Veterinary Parasitology, 2013Co-Authors: Robert M Kirberger, Sarah J. Clift, Erna Van Wilpe, Eran DvirAbstract:Abstract Spirocerca lupi causes a caudal esophageal mass in dogs which may be accompanied by aortic changes and caudal thoracic spondylitis. Previous literature hypothesized that the spondylitis was caused by either aberrant larval migration or was secondary to the inflammation caused by the aortic migration. The current study aimed to evaluate these hypotheses. Ten dogs of various breeds and ages with radiographic evidence of spondylitis, which were necropsied, had the affected vertebrae removed and prepared for light and transmission electron microscopy examination. Transverse and sagittal sections of the ventral vertebrae were taken from 27 spondylitis and 8 spondylosis deformans lesions as well as from 8 normal vertebrae. Early spondylitis changes were characterized by periosteal woven new bone covered by hyperplastic periosteum with some involvement of the ventral longitudinal ligament. More mature lesions were characterized by nodules of denser trabecular bone and cartilage, also covered by hyperplastic periosteum and involved the ventral longitudinal ligament. It was difficult to distinguish the spondylitis and spondylosis deformans new bone. Inflammation was seen in five spondylitis cases (edema, lymphocytes, plasma cells, eosinophils and fibrin fibers). Spirocerca eggs were seen in one histologic section. This study shows that inflammation is mild and inconsistent in spirocercosis-induced spondylitis and that aberrant migration of the larvae or adults did not appear to be a predominant cause. Inflammatory mediators or osteoproliferative growth factors, which may be related to the primary esophageal lesion or to the worm itself, could be involved. This requires further investigation.
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proposed histological progression of the Spirocerca lupi induced oesophageal lesion in dogs
Veterinary Parasitology, 2010Co-Authors: Eran Dvir, Sarah J. Clift, Mark C. WilliamsAbstract:Abstract This study aims to outline the histological progression of the Spirocerca lupi nodule from infection to neoplastic transformation. Sixty-two spirocercosis-induced nodules, 42 non-neoplastic and 20 neoplastic, were stained with HE. Ten non-overlapping high power fields per nodule were examined and non-neoplastic and neoplastic nodules were compared. Inflammation was scored 0–3 and revealed a score of 1.91 ± 0.52 in the non-neoplastic and 0.97 ± 0.5 in the neoplastic cases (p 1 (n = 27). The 2 groups had similar scores for inflammation and necrosis, but were significantly different (p
