The Experts below are selected from a list of 258 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Małgorzata Wawer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Technogenic magnetic particles from Steel Metallurgy and iron mining in topsoil: Indicative characteristic by magnetic parameters and Mössbauer spectra.
    The Science of the total environment, 2021
    Co-Authors: Tadeusz Magiera, Beata Górka-kostrubiec, Tadeusz Szumiata, Małgorzata Wawer
    Abstract:

    Technogenic magnetic particles (TMPs), produced during various industrial processes, are released into the atmosphere as dust and get deposited on the surrounding topsoil. The mineralogical and structural differences of TMPs produced in different technological processes should be reflected in their magnetic properties and therefore should be indicative for industrial pollution sources. The goal of this study was to characterize the TMPs by novel methodological approach, based on combination of magnetic methods and Mössbauer spectroscopy to indicate parameters that are discriminative enough to be used as environmental indicators for iron Metallurgy, Steel production, and iron mining. We collected the topsoil samples in the vicinity of 4 European iron- and Steelworks, located in three different countries (Poland, Norway, and Czech Republic) and operating for minimum 40 years. We sampled also topsoil close to the opencast iron mine, iron ore dressing plant, and over strongly magnetic natural background. Analysis of the hyperfine parameters of the Mössbauer spectra revealed that TMPs are "magnetite-like" minerals with low stoichiometry. It is indicated by ratio of iron ions contributions in B sites (octahedral) and A sites (tetrahedral) in magnetite spinel structure, which is much lower than 2.0 (theoretical value for stoichiometric magnetite). The characteristic feature of TMPs collected from the vicinity of old metallurgical plants (>180 years) was the high contribution of surface components probably related to the surface oxidation/maghemitization. We found that, TMPs can be easily differentiated from geogenic magnetite based on their magnetic parameters. The TMP produced by the iron and Steel Metallurgy had relatively narrow ranges of magnetic parameters (saturation ratio Mrs/Ms,

  • Coke industry and Steel Metallurgy as the source of soil contamination by technogenic magnetic particles, heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
    Chemosphere, 2015
    Co-Authors: Marzena Rachwał, Tadeusz Magiera, Małgorzata Wawer
    Abstract:

    Application of integrated magnetic, geochemical and mineralogical methods for qualitative and quantitative assessment of forest topsoils exposed to the industrial emissions was the objective of this manuscript. Volume magnetic susceptibility (κ) in three areas of southern Poland close to the coke and metallurgical plants was measured directly in the field. Representative topsoil samples were collected for further chemical and mineralogical analyses. Topsoil magnetic susceptibility in the studied areas depended mainly on the content of technogenic magnetic particles (TMPs) and decreased downwind at increasing distance from the emitters. In the vicinity of coking plants a high amount of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was observed, especially the most carcinogenic ones with four- and five-member rings. No significant concentration of TMPs (estimated on the base of κ values) and heavy metals (HM) was observed in area where the coke plant was the only pollution source. In areas with both coke and metallurgical industry, higher amounts of TMPs, PAHs and HM were detected. Morphological and mineralogical analyses of TMPs separated from contaminated soil samples revealed their high heterogeneity in respect of morphology, grain size, mineral and chemical constitution. Pollution load index and toxicity equivalent concentration of PAHs used for soil quality assessment indicated its high level of pollution.

David Barbier - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • High manganese austenitic twinning induced plasticity Steels: A review of the microstructure properties relationships
    Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science, 2011
    Co-Authors: Olivier Bouaziz, Sébastien Allain, Colin Scott, P. Cugy, David Barbier
    Abstract:

    International audienceA significant increase in the research activity dedicated to high manganese TWIP Steels has occurred during the past five years, motivated by the breakthrough combination of strength and ductility possessed by these alloys. Here a review of the relations between microstructure and mechanical properties is presented focusing on plasticity mechanisms, strain-hardening, yield stress, texture, fracture and fatigue. This summarized knowledge explains why TWIP Steel Metallurgy is currently a topic of great practical interest and fundamental importance. Finally, this publication indicates some of the main avenues for future investigations required in order to sustain the quality and the dynamism in this field

  • High manganese austenitic twinning induced plasticity Steels: A review of the microstructure properties relationships
    Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science, 2011
    Co-Authors: Olivier Bouaziz, Sébastien Allain, P. Cugy, C.p. Scott, David Barbier
    Abstract:

    A significant increase in the research activity dedicated to high manganese TWIP Steels has occurred during the past five years, motivated by the breakthrough combination of strength and ductility possessed by these alloys. Here a review of the relations between microstructure and mechanical properties is presented focusing on plasticity mechanisms, strain-hardening, yield stress, texture, fracture and fatigue. This summarized knowledge explains why TWIP Steel Metallurgy is currently a topic of great practical interest and fundamental importance. Finally, this publication indicates some of the main avenues for future investigations required in order to sustain the quality and the dynamism in this field.

Olivier Bouaziz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • High manganese austenitic twinning induced plasticity Steels: A review of the microstructure properties relationships
    Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science, 2011
    Co-Authors: Olivier Bouaziz, Sébastien Allain, Colin Scott, P. Cugy, David Barbier
    Abstract:

    International audienceA significant increase in the research activity dedicated to high manganese TWIP Steels has occurred during the past five years, motivated by the breakthrough combination of strength and ductility possessed by these alloys. Here a review of the relations between microstructure and mechanical properties is presented focusing on plasticity mechanisms, strain-hardening, yield stress, texture, fracture and fatigue. This summarized knowledge explains why TWIP Steel Metallurgy is currently a topic of great practical interest and fundamental importance. Finally, this publication indicates some of the main avenues for future investigations required in order to sustain the quality and the dynamism in this field

  • High manganese austenitic twinning induced plasticity Steels: A review of the microstructure properties relationships
    Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science, 2011
    Co-Authors: Olivier Bouaziz, Sébastien Allain, P. Cugy, C.p. Scott, David Barbier
    Abstract:

    A significant increase in the research activity dedicated to high manganese TWIP Steels has occurred during the past five years, motivated by the breakthrough combination of strength and ductility possessed by these alloys. Here a review of the relations between microstructure and mechanical properties is presented focusing on plasticity mechanisms, strain-hardening, yield stress, texture, fracture and fatigue. This summarized knowledge explains why TWIP Steel Metallurgy is currently a topic of great practical interest and fundamental importance. Finally, this publication indicates some of the main avenues for future investigations required in order to sustain the quality and the dynamism in this field.

D. Weis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Iron isotopic fractionation in industrial emissions and urban aerosols
    Chemosphere, 2008
    Co-Authors: P. Flament, N. Mattielli, L. Aimoz, M. Choël, K. Deboudt, J. De Jong, J. Rimetz-planchon, D. Weis
    Abstract:

    A study on tropospheric aerosols involving Fe particles with an industrial origin is tackled here. Aerosols were collected at the largest exhausts of a major European Steel Metallurgy plant and around its near urban environment. A combination of bulk and individual particle analysis performed by SEM-EDX provides the chemical composition of Fe-bearing aerosols emitted within the factory process (hematite, magnetite and agglomerates of these oxides with sylvite (KCl), calcite (CaCO(3)) and graphite carbon). Fe isotopic compositions of those emissions fall within the range (0.08 per thousand

  • Iron isotopic fractionation in industrial emissions and urban aerosols
    Chemosphere, 2008
    Co-Authors: P. Flament, N. Mattielli, L. Aimoz, M. Choël, K. Deboudt, J. De Jong, J. Rimetz-planchon, D. Weis
    Abstract:

    A study on tropospheric aerosols involving Fe particles with an industrial origin is tackled here. Aerosols were collected at the largest exhausts of a major European Steel Metallurgy plant and around its near urban environment. A combination of bulk and individual particle analysis performed by SEM–EDX provides the chemical composition of Fe-bearing aerosols emitted within the factory process (hematite, magnetite and agglomerates of these oxides with sylvite (KCl), calcite (CaCO3) and graphite carbon). Fe isotopic compositions of those emissions fall within the range (0.08‰ < δ56Fe < +0.80‰) of enriched ores processed by the manufacturer (−0.16‰ < δ56Fe < +1.19‰). No significant evolution of Fe fractionation during Steelworks processes is observed. At the industrial source, Fe is mainly present as oxide particles, to some extent in 3–4 μm aggregates. In the close urban area, 5 km away from the Steel plant, individual particle analysis of collected aerosols presents, in addition to the industrial particle type, aluminosilicates and related natural particles (gypsum, quartz, calcite and reacted sea salt). The Fe isotopic composition (δ56Fe = 0.14 ± 0.11‰) measured in the close urban environment of the Steel Metallurgy plant appears coherent with an external mixing of industrial and continental Fe-containing tropospheric aerosols, as evidenced by individual particle chemical analysis. Our isotopic data provide a first estimation of an anthropogenic source term as part of the study of photochemically promoted dissolution processes and related Fe fractionations in tropospheric aerosols.

P. Flament - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Iron isotopic fractionation in industrial emissions and urban aerosols
    Chemosphere, 2008
    Co-Authors: P. Flament, N. Mattielli, L. Aimoz, M. Choël, K. Deboudt, J. De Jong, J. Rimetz-planchon, D. Weis
    Abstract:

    A study on tropospheric aerosols involving Fe particles with an industrial origin is tackled here. Aerosols were collected at the largest exhausts of a major European Steel Metallurgy plant and around its near urban environment. A combination of bulk and individual particle analysis performed by SEM-EDX provides the chemical composition of Fe-bearing aerosols emitted within the factory process (hematite, magnetite and agglomerates of these oxides with sylvite (KCl), calcite (CaCO(3)) and graphite carbon). Fe isotopic compositions of those emissions fall within the range (0.08 per thousand

  • Iron isotopic fractionation in industrial emissions and urban aerosols
    Chemosphere, 2008
    Co-Authors: P. Flament, N. Mattielli, L. Aimoz, M. Choël, K. Deboudt, J. De Jong, J. Rimetz-planchon, D. Weis
    Abstract:

    A study on tropospheric aerosols involving Fe particles with an industrial origin is tackled here. Aerosols were collected at the largest exhausts of a major European Steel Metallurgy plant and around its near urban environment. A combination of bulk and individual particle analysis performed by SEM–EDX provides the chemical composition of Fe-bearing aerosols emitted within the factory process (hematite, magnetite and agglomerates of these oxides with sylvite (KCl), calcite (CaCO3) and graphite carbon). Fe isotopic compositions of those emissions fall within the range (0.08‰ < δ56Fe < +0.80‰) of enriched ores processed by the manufacturer (−0.16‰ < δ56Fe < +1.19‰). No significant evolution of Fe fractionation during Steelworks processes is observed. At the industrial source, Fe is mainly present as oxide particles, to some extent in 3–4 μm aggregates. In the close urban area, 5 km away from the Steel plant, individual particle analysis of collected aerosols presents, in addition to the industrial particle type, aluminosilicates and related natural particles (gypsum, quartz, calcite and reacted sea salt). The Fe isotopic composition (δ56Fe = 0.14 ± 0.11‰) measured in the close urban environment of the Steel Metallurgy plant appears coherent with an external mixing of industrial and continental Fe-containing tropospheric aerosols, as evidenced by individual particle chemical analysis. Our isotopic data provide a first estimation of an anthropogenic source term as part of the study of photochemically promoted dissolution processes and related Fe fractionations in tropospheric aerosols.

  • Isotopic evidence of pollutant lead sources in Northwestern France
    Atmospheric Environment, 1999
    Co-Authors: Alain Veron, P. Flament, Marie Laure Bertho, Laurent Y. Alleman, Russell Flegal, Bruno Hamelin
    Abstract:

    Abstract Ratios of stable lead isotopes (204Pb, 206Pb, 207Pb, 208Pb) are used to characterize both spatial and temporal variations in anthropogenic emissions of industrial lead aerosols to the atmosphere of northwestern France. Differences in isotopic compositions of aerosols collected from a rural area (Wimereux) in the Nord-Pas de Calais region along the English Channel in 1982–1983 (206Pb/207Pb=1.108±0.005) and 1994 (206Pb/207Pb=1.148±0.003) are paralleled by similar variations in urban aerosols within France during the same period (e.g., 206Pb/207Pb=1.115±0.008 from 1981–1989 and 1.143±0.006 from 1992–1995). These results correlate well with recent findings in the Mediterranean basin (Alleman, 1997) where this radiogenicity increase is clearly associated with industrial sources other than leaded gasoline that has remained relatively constant during its phasing out (206Pb/207Pb=1.08–1.11). Here we used archived data, air mass trajectories and aerosol diameters combined with isotopic signatures to confirm this trend at a regional scale. Indeed, the main industrial signatures from lead smelting (206Pb/207Pb=1.133±0.001) and Steel Metallurgy (206Pb/207Pb=1.196±0.015) in northwestern France appear more radiogenic than that of leaded gasoline. The shift in isotopic compositions also conform with the systematic change in the mean size (diameter) of aerosols at Wimereux, which ranged from 0.30 to 0.61 μm in 1982–1984 and from 0.70 to 0.89 μm in 1994.