The Experts below are selected from a list of 9915 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
D Vreugdenhil - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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carbohydrate metabolism in tuberizing Stolon tips of the strictly short day dependent potato species solanum demissum lindl
Plant Biology, 1999Co-Authors: J Helder, D VreugdenhilAbstract:: Tuber formation in the strictly short day-dependent potato species Solanum demissum Lindi. was studied. In order to accurately determine the developmental stage of individual Stolon tips, a reliable parameter describing tuber formation is defined. Dry matter percentage of Stolon tips was highly correlated with starch concentration and with swelling of the stoIon tips, independent of plant age and Stolon diameter. Based on this parameter, changes in carbohydrate metabolism during the initial stages of tuber formation were analyzed. Glucose and fructose levels decreased significantly upon tuber formation. This decrease could be explained by a change in sucrose hydrolysis, dominated by acid invertases before tuber formation, and by sucrose synthase afterwards. A model of the temporal and spatial changes in sucrose unloading and hydrolysis in swelling Stolon tips is discussed. The observed changes in carbohydrate metabolism are similar to changes observed in a simplified in vitro system, indicating that such model systems adequately reflect tuber development in intact plants.
J Helder - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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carbohydrate metabolism in tuberizing Stolon tips of the strictly short day dependent potato species solanum demissum lindl
Plant Biology, 1999Co-Authors: J Helder, D VreugdenhilAbstract:: Tuber formation in the strictly short day-dependent potato species Solanum demissum Lindi. was studied. In order to accurately determine the developmental stage of individual Stolon tips, a reliable parameter describing tuber formation is defined. Dry matter percentage of Stolon tips was highly correlated with starch concentration and with swelling of the stoIon tips, independent of plant age and Stolon diameter. Based on this parameter, changes in carbohydrate metabolism during the initial stages of tuber formation were analyzed. Glucose and fructose levels decreased significantly upon tuber formation. This decrease could be explained by a change in sucrose hydrolysis, dominated by acid invertases before tuber formation, and by sucrose synthase afterwards. A model of the temporal and spatial changes in sucrose unloading and hydrolysis in swelling Stolon tips is discussed. The observed changes in carbohydrate metabolism are similar to changes observed in a simplified in vitro system, indicating that such model systems adequately reflect tuber development in intact plants.
Bartosz J. Płachno - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Unusual developmental morphology and anatomy of vegetative organs in Utricularia dichotoma—leaf, shoot and root dynamics
Protoplasma, 2020Co-Authors: Markus S. Reut, Bartosz J. PłachnoAbstract:The terrestrial carnivorous species Utricularia dichotoma is known for a great phenotypic plasticity and unusual vegetative organs. Our investigation on 22 sources/populations revealed that after initiation of a leaf and two bladders on a Stolon, a bud was formed in the proximal axil of the leaf, developing into a rosette with up to seven organs. The first two primordia of the bud grew into almost every possible combination of organs, but often into two anchor Stolons. The patterns were generally not population specific. The interchangeability of organs increased with increasing rank in the succession of organs on Stolon nodes. A high potential of switching developmental programs may be successful in a fluctuating environment. In this respect, we were able to show that bladders developed from anchor Stolons experimentally when raising the water table. Anatomical structures were simple, lacunate and largely homogenous throughout all organs. They showed similarities with many hydrophytes, reflecting the plant’s adaptation to (temporarily) submerged conditions. The principal component analysis was used in the context of dynamic morphology to illustrate correlations between organ types in the morphospace of U. dichotoma , revealing an organ specific patchwork of developmental processes for typical leaves and shoots, and less pronounced for a typical root. The concept and methods we applied may prove beneficial for future studies on the evolution of Lentibulariaceae, and on developmental morphology and genetics of unusual structures in plants.
Boris Antolić - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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invasive alga caulerpa racemosa var cylindracea makes a strong impact on the mediterranean sponge sarcotragus spinosulus
Biological Invasions, 2011Co-Authors: Ante Žuljević, Marija Despalatovic, J M Cottalorda, Ivan Cvitkovic, Vedran Nikolic, Thierry Thibaut, Boris AntolićAbstract:Here we present the first observation of the impact of the invasive Caulerpa racemosa var. cylindracea on native photophilic sponge species in the Adriatic Sea, with special focus on Sarcotragus spinosulus. Caulerpa racemosa var. cylindracea is able to completely overgrow the sponge, developing an exceptionally thick canopy with a maximum measured density of 1,887 m of Stolons m−2 and 40,561 fronds m−2. Necrosis of the sponge surface was significantly correlated with the algal dry biomass, frond number and Stolon length. Dense algal canopy, penetration of the algal Stolon and rhizoids into the sponge oscula and covering of the ostiae probably diminishes the seawater circulation through the sponge and consequently results in its smothering and even death. We suggest that chemotropism is the reason why C. racemosa penetrates the sponge oscula and establishes such dense canopy on the sponge.
Dongdong Huang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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regeneration capacity of the small clonal fragments of the invasive mikania micrantha h b k effects of the Stolon thickness internode length and presence of leaves
Weed Biology and Management, 2015Co-Authors: Qiaoqiao Huang, Yide Shen, Guoliang Zhang, Dongdong Huang, Zhiwei FanAbstract:Mikania micrantha H.B.K., one of the top 10 worst weeds in the world, is now spreading quickly in southern China. Disturbance can fragment and spread the Stolons of M. micrantha. A greenhouse experiment was conducted in order to assess the regeneration capacity of single-node fragments with varying Stolon thickness (diameters of 3.01, 2.49 and 1.96 mm), internode lengths (2 and 8 cm) and leaf presence status (with and without leaves). The results indicated that an increasing Stolon thickness, internode length and the presence of leaves all increased the survival rate of the clonal fragments. An increasing Stolon thickness, internode length and the presence of leaves also increased the growth of the clonal fragments and the presence of leaves exhibited the strongest effect. An increasing internode length and the presence of leaves also reduced the amount of time that was needed for emergence, while the effect of the Stolon thickness was not significant. None of the effects of the interactions was significant, although the interaction between the Stolon thickness and the internode length was nearly significant for fragment survival. These results suggest that M. micrantha has developed a strategy to cope with disturbance by storing reserves in the Stolons and leaves, which could increase its regeneration capacity after fragmentation. Currently, the management of M. micrantha (such as manual or mechanical control) should avoid the generation of the small clonal fragments of M. micrantha, while repeated control with short time intervals is necessary in order to prevent reinvasion from the Stolon fragments.
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regeneration capacity of small clonal fragments of the invasive mikania micrantha h b k effects of burial depth and Stolon internode length
PLOS ONE, 2013Co-Authors: Yide Shen, Qiaoqiao Huang, Zhiwei Fan, Dongdong HuangAbstract:The perennial Stoloniferous herbaceous vine Mikania micrantha H.B.K. is among the most noxious exotic invaders in China and the world. Disturbance can fragment Stolons of M. micrantha and disperse these fragments over long distances or bury them in soils at different depths. To test their regeneration capacity, single-node Stolon fragments with Stolon internode lengths of 0, 3, 6 and 12 cm were buried in soil at 0, 2, 5 and 8 cm depths, respectively. The fragments were growing for nine weeks, and their emergence status, growth and morphological traits were measured. The results indicated that increasing burial depth significantly decreased survival rate and increased the emergence time of the M. micrantha plants. At an 8-cm burial depth, very few fragments (2.19%) emerged and survived. Burial did not affect the total biomass and root to shoot ratio of the surviving M. micrantha plants that emerged from the 0- and 2-cm burial depths. Increasing internode length significantly increased survival rate and growth measures, but there was no interaction effect with burial depth for any traits measured. These results suggest that M. micrantha can regenerate from buried Stolon fragments, and thus, disturbance may contribute to the spread of this exotic invader. Any human activities producing Stolon fragments or facilitating dispersal should be avoided.
