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Tai Ryoon Han - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of Electrical Stimulation of the Suprahyoid Muscles in Brain-Injured Patients with Dysphagia
Dysphagia, 2015Co-Authors: Jaewon Beom, Sang Jun Kim, Kyoung Hyo Choi, Won Kim, Young Jin Song, Dae Sang You, Tai Ryoon HanAbstract:The purpose of this study is to determine whether neuromuscular electrical stimulation of the Suprahyoid muscle is effective compared to that of the infrahyoid muscle in brain-injured patients with dysphagia. A total of 132 patients with stroke, traumatic brain injury, or brain tumor in 2 university hospitals were allocated to 2 groups: those who received electrical stimulation therapy (EST) on the Suprahyoid Muscles (SM group, n = 66) and those who received EST with one pair of electrodes on the Suprahyoid muscle and the other pair on the infrahyoid muscle (SI group, n = 66). Patients received 11.2 ± 3.4 sessions of electrical stimulation in the SM group and 11.9 ± 3.4 sessions in the SI group. The functional dysphagia scale (FDS), swallow function score (SFS), supraglottic penetration, and subglottic aspiration were measured using videofluoroscopic swallowing study. FDS scores decreased from 42.0 ± 19.1 to 32.3 ± 17.8 in the SM group and from 44.8 ± 17.4 to 32.9 ± 18.8 in the SI group by per-protocol (PP) analysis, and those decreased from 41.2 ± 20.9 to 34.5 ± 20.3 in the SM group and from 44.3 ± 19.1 to 35.7 ± 20.5 in the SI group by intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis, after electrical stimulation ( p
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Effect of Electrical Stimulation of the Suprahyoid Muscles in Brain-Injured Patients with Dysphagia.
Dysphagia, 2015Co-Authors: Jaewon Beom, Sang Jun Kim, Kyoung Hyo Choi, Young Jin Song, Dae Sang You, Won Young Kim, Tai Ryoon HanAbstract:The purpose of this study is to determine whether neuromuscular electrical stimulation of the Suprahyoid muscle is effective compared to that of the infrahyoid muscle in brain-injured patients with dysphagia. A total of 132 patients with stroke, traumatic brain injury, or brain tumor in 2 university hospitals were allocated to 2 groups: those who received electrical stimulation therapy (EST) on the Suprahyoid Muscles (SM group, n = 66) and those who received EST with one pair of electrodes on the Suprahyoid muscle and the other pair on the infrahyoid muscle (SI group, n = 66). Patients received 11.2 ± 3.4 sessions of electrical stimulation in the SM group and 11.9 ± 3.4 sessions in the SI group. The functional dysphagia scale (FDS), swallow function score (SFS), supraglottic penetration, and subglottic aspiration were measured using videofluoroscopic swallowing study. FDS scores decreased from 42.0 ± 19.1 to 32.3 ± 17.8 in the SM group and from 44.8 ± 17.4 to 32.9 ± 18.8 in the SI group by per-protocol (PP) analysis, and those decreased from 41.2 ± 20.9 to 34.5 ± 20.3 in the SM group and from 44.3 ± 19.1 to 35.7 ± 20.5 in the SI group by intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis, after electrical stimulation (p < 0.001 for each). SFSs increased from 3.3 ± 1.8 to 4.2 ± 1.6 in the SM group and from 2.8 ± 1.8 to 4.0 ± 1.8 in the SI group by PP analysis, and those increased from 3.3 ± 1.6 to 3.9 ± 1.6 in the SM group and from 2.8 ± 1.9 to 3.6 ± 2.0 in the SI group by ITT analysis, after electrical stimulation (p < 0.001, respectively). However, changes in FDS scores, SFSs, penetration, and aspiration were comparable between the SM and the SI groups. The results suggest that both SM and SI therapies induced similar improvements in swallowing function in brain-injured patients.
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Electrical Stimulation of the Suprahyoid Muscles in Brain-injured Patients with Dysphagia: A Pilot Study
Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine, 2011Co-Authors: Jaewon Beom, Sang Jun Kim, Tai Ryoon HanAbstract:OBJECTIVE: To investigate the therapeutic effects of repetitive electrical stimulation of the Suprahyoid Muscles in brain-injured patients with dysphagia. METHOD: Twenty-eight brain-injured patients who showed reduced laryngeal elevation and supraglottic penetration or subglottic aspiration during a videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) were selected. The patients received either conventional dysphagia management (CDM) or CDM with repetitive electrical stimulation of the Suprahyoid Muscles (ESSM) for 4 weeks. The videofluoroscopic dysphagia scale (VDS) using the VFSS and American Speech-Language-Hearing Association National Outcome Measurement System (ASHA NOMS) swallowing scale (ASHA level) was used to determine swallowing function before and after treatment. RESULTS: VDS scores decreased from 29.8 to 17.9 in the ESSM group, and from 29.2 to 16.6 in the CDM group. However, there was no significant difference between the groups (p=0.796). Six patients (85.7%) in the ESSM group and 14 patients (66.7%) in the CDM group showed improvement according to the ASHA level with no significant difference between the ESSM and CDM groups (p=0.633). CONCLUSION: Although repetitive neuromuscular electrical stimulation of the Suprahyoid Muscles did not further improve the swallowing function of dysphagia patients with reduced laryngeal elevation, more patients in the ESSM group showed improvement in the ASHA level than those in the CDM group. Further studies with concurrent controls and a larger sample group are required to fully establish the effects of repetitive neuromuscular electrical stimulation of the Suprahyoid Muscles in dysphagia patients.
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Effect of Surface Electrical Stimulation of Suprahyoid Muscles on Hyolaryngeal Movement
Neuromodulation, 2009Co-Authors: Sang Jun Kim, Tai Ryoon HanAbstract:Objective. This study aims to investigate the movements of hyolaryngeal structures during the surface electrical stimulation of Suprahyoid Muscles and to compare these with movements during liquid swallowing. Materials and methods. Twelve volunteers without dysphagia participated in this study. Volunteers swallowed 5 mL of diluted barium liquid, which was recorded videofluoroscopically. They then received surface electrical stimulation at midpoints between the chin and the bilateral edges of the hyoid, and movements were again recorded. Two-dimensional motion analysis was performed and displacements of the hyoid and of subglottic air-column and epiglottic rotations were calculated. Movements caused by surface stimulation were compared to those during liquid swallowing. Results. Elevation and anterior excursion of the hyoid by electrical stimulation were 66.8% and 45.2% of those during liquid swallowing, respectively, and rotation of the epiglottis by electrical stimulation was 24.0% of that during liquid swallowing. Elevation and anterior excursion of the subglottic air column during liquid swallowing were 24.1 mm and 4.6 mm, respectively, compared with 9.6 mm and 1.9 mm during electrical stimulation. All the movements during electrical stimulation were significantly smaller than those that occurred during liquid swallowing (p
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effect of surface electrical stimulation of Suprahyoid Muscles on hyolaryngeal movement
Neuromodulation, 2009Co-Authors: Sang Jun Kim, Tai Ryoon HanAbstract:Objective. This study aims to investigate the movements of hyolaryngeal structures during the surface electrical stimulation of Suprahyoid Muscles and to compare these with movements during liquid swallowing. Materials and methods. Twelve volunteers without dysphagia participated in this study. Volunteers swallowed 5 mL of diluted barium liquid, which was recorded videofluoroscopically. They then received surface electrical stimulation at midpoints between the chin and the bilateral edges of the hyoid, and movements were again recorded. Two-dimensional motion analysis was performed and displacements of the hyoid and of subglottic air-column and epiglottic rotations were calculated. Movements caused by surface stimulation were compared to those during liquid swallowing. Results. Elevation and anterior excursion of the hyoid by electrical stimulation were 66.8% and 45.2% of those during liquid swallowing, respectively, and rotation of the epiglottis by electrical stimulation was 24.0% of that during liquid swallowing. Elevation and anterior excursion of the subglottic air column during liquid swallowing were 24.1 mm and 4.6 mm, respectively, compared with 9.6 mm and 1.9 mm during electrical stimulation. All the movements during electrical stimulation were significantly smaller than those that occurred during liquid swallowing (p < 0.05). Trajectories of the hyoid and larynx during electrical stimulation were smaller than but similar to those that occurred during liquid swallowing. Conclusion. This study suggests that surface electrical stimulation of Suprahyoid Muscles causes the elevation and anterior excursion of hyolaryngeal structures, as is observed during normal physiologic swallowing, although the movements involved were smaller. Further studies are required to determine the effect of synchronized electrical stimulation on dysphagia patients with reduced laryngeal elevation to allow the development of a swallow-assisting neural orthosis.
Sang Jun Kim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of Electrical Stimulation of the Suprahyoid Muscles in Brain-Injured Patients with Dysphagia
Dysphagia, 2015Co-Authors: Jaewon Beom, Sang Jun Kim, Kyoung Hyo Choi, Won Kim, Young Jin Song, Dae Sang You, Tai Ryoon HanAbstract:The purpose of this study is to determine whether neuromuscular electrical stimulation of the Suprahyoid muscle is effective compared to that of the infrahyoid muscle in brain-injured patients with dysphagia. A total of 132 patients with stroke, traumatic brain injury, or brain tumor in 2 university hospitals were allocated to 2 groups: those who received electrical stimulation therapy (EST) on the Suprahyoid Muscles (SM group, n = 66) and those who received EST with one pair of electrodes on the Suprahyoid muscle and the other pair on the infrahyoid muscle (SI group, n = 66). Patients received 11.2 ± 3.4 sessions of electrical stimulation in the SM group and 11.9 ± 3.4 sessions in the SI group. The functional dysphagia scale (FDS), swallow function score (SFS), supraglottic penetration, and subglottic aspiration were measured using videofluoroscopic swallowing study. FDS scores decreased from 42.0 ± 19.1 to 32.3 ± 17.8 in the SM group and from 44.8 ± 17.4 to 32.9 ± 18.8 in the SI group by per-protocol (PP) analysis, and those decreased from 41.2 ± 20.9 to 34.5 ± 20.3 in the SM group and from 44.3 ± 19.1 to 35.7 ± 20.5 in the SI group by intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis, after electrical stimulation ( p
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Effect of Electrical Stimulation of the Suprahyoid Muscles in Brain-Injured Patients with Dysphagia.
Dysphagia, 2015Co-Authors: Jaewon Beom, Sang Jun Kim, Kyoung Hyo Choi, Young Jin Song, Dae Sang You, Won Young Kim, Tai Ryoon HanAbstract:The purpose of this study is to determine whether neuromuscular electrical stimulation of the Suprahyoid muscle is effective compared to that of the infrahyoid muscle in brain-injured patients with dysphagia. A total of 132 patients with stroke, traumatic brain injury, or brain tumor in 2 university hospitals were allocated to 2 groups: those who received electrical stimulation therapy (EST) on the Suprahyoid Muscles (SM group, n = 66) and those who received EST with one pair of electrodes on the Suprahyoid muscle and the other pair on the infrahyoid muscle (SI group, n = 66). Patients received 11.2 ± 3.4 sessions of electrical stimulation in the SM group and 11.9 ± 3.4 sessions in the SI group. The functional dysphagia scale (FDS), swallow function score (SFS), supraglottic penetration, and subglottic aspiration were measured using videofluoroscopic swallowing study. FDS scores decreased from 42.0 ± 19.1 to 32.3 ± 17.8 in the SM group and from 44.8 ± 17.4 to 32.9 ± 18.8 in the SI group by per-protocol (PP) analysis, and those decreased from 41.2 ± 20.9 to 34.5 ± 20.3 in the SM group and from 44.3 ± 19.1 to 35.7 ± 20.5 in the SI group by intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis, after electrical stimulation (p < 0.001 for each). SFSs increased from 3.3 ± 1.8 to 4.2 ± 1.6 in the SM group and from 2.8 ± 1.8 to 4.0 ± 1.8 in the SI group by PP analysis, and those increased from 3.3 ± 1.6 to 3.9 ± 1.6 in the SM group and from 2.8 ± 1.9 to 3.6 ± 2.0 in the SI group by ITT analysis, after electrical stimulation (p < 0.001, respectively). However, changes in FDS scores, SFSs, penetration, and aspiration were comparable between the SM and the SI groups. The results suggest that both SM and SI therapies induced similar improvements in swallowing function in brain-injured patients.
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Electrical Stimulation of the Suprahyoid Muscles in Brain-injured Patients with Dysphagia: A Pilot Study
Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine, 2011Co-Authors: Jaewon Beom, Sang Jun Kim, Tai Ryoon HanAbstract:OBJECTIVE: To investigate the therapeutic effects of repetitive electrical stimulation of the Suprahyoid Muscles in brain-injured patients with dysphagia. METHOD: Twenty-eight brain-injured patients who showed reduced laryngeal elevation and supraglottic penetration or subglottic aspiration during a videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) were selected. The patients received either conventional dysphagia management (CDM) or CDM with repetitive electrical stimulation of the Suprahyoid Muscles (ESSM) for 4 weeks. The videofluoroscopic dysphagia scale (VDS) using the VFSS and American Speech-Language-Hearing Association National Outcome Measurement System (ASHA NOMS) swallowing scale (ASHA level) was used to determine swallowing function before and after treatment. RESULTS: VDS scores decreased from 29.8 to 17.9 in the ESSM group, and from 29.2 to 16.6 in the CDM group. However, there was no significant difference between the groups (p=0.796). Six patients (85.7%) in the ESSM group and 14 patients (66.7%) in the CDM group showed improvement according to the ASHA level with no significant difference between the ESSM and CDM groups (p=0.633). CONCLUSION: Although repetitive neuromuscular electrical stimulation of the Suprahyoid Muscles did not further improve the swallowing function of dysphagia patients with reduced laryngeal elevation, more patients in the ESSM group showed improvement in the ASHA level than those in the CDM group. Further studies with concurrent controls and a larger sample group are required to fully establish the effects of repetitive neuromuscular electrical stimulation of the Suprahyoid Muscles in dysphagia patients.
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Effect of Surface Electrical Stimulation of Suprahyoid Muscles on Hyolaryngeal Movement
Neuromodulation, 2009Co-Authors: Sang Jun Kim, Tai Ryoon HanAbstract:Objective. This study aims to investigate the movements of hyolaryngeal structures during the surface electrical stimulation of Suprahyoid Muscles and to compare these with movements during liquid swallowing. Materials and methods. Twelve volunteers without dysphagia participated in this study. Volunteers swallowed 5 mL of diluted barium liquid, which was recorded videofluoroscopically. They then received surface electrical stimulation at midpoints between the chin and the bilateral edges of the hyoid, and movements were again recorded. Two-dimensional motion analysis was performed and displacements of the hyoid and of subglottic air-column and epiglottic rotations were calculated. Movements caused by surface stimulation were compared to those during liquid swallowing. Results. Elevation and anterior excursion of the hyoid by electrical stimulation were 66.8% and 45.2% of those during liquid swallowing, respectively, and rotation of the epiglottis by electrical stimulation was 24.0% of that during liquid swallowing. Elevation and anterior excursion of the subglottic air column during liquid swallowing were 24.1 mm and 4.6 mm, respectively, compared with 9.6 mm and 1.9 mm during electrical stimulation. All the movements during electrical stimulation were significantly smaller than those that occurred during liquid swallowing (p
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effect of surface electrical stimulation of Suprahyoid Muscles on hyolaryngeal movement
Neuromodulation, 2009Co-Authors: Sang Jun Kim, Tai Ryoon HanAbstract:Objective. This study aims to investigate the movements of hyolaryngeal structures during the surface electrical stimulation of Suprahyoid Muscles and to compare these with movements during liquid swallowing. Materials and methods. Twelve volunteers without dysphagia participated in this study. Volunteers swallowed 5 mL of diluted barium liquid, which was recorded videofluoroscopically. They then received surface electrical stimulation at midpoints between the chin and the bilateral edges of the hyoid, and movements were again recorded. Two-dimensional motion analysis was performed and displacements of the hyoid and of subglottic air-column and epiglottic rotations were calculated. Movements caused by surface stimulation were compared to those during liquid swallowing. Results. Elevation and anterior excursion of the hyoid by electrical stimulation were 66.8% and 45.2% of those during liquid swallowing, respectively, and rotation of the epiglottis by electrical stimulation was 24.0% of that during liquid swallowing. Elevation and anterior excursion of the subglottic air column during liquid swallowing were 24.1 mm and 4.6 mm, respectively, compared with 9.6 mm and 1.9 mm during electrical stimulation. All the movements during electrical stimulation were significantly smaller than those that occurred during liquid swallowing (p < 0.05). Trajectories of the hyoid and larynx during electrical stimulation were smaller than but similar to those that occurred during liquid swallowing. Conclusion. This study suggests that surface electrical stimulation of Suprahyoid Muscles causes the elevation and anterior excursion of hyolaryngeal structures, as is observed during normal physiologic swallowing, although the movements involved were smaller. Further studies are required to determine the effect of synchronized electrical stimulation on dysphagia patients with reduced laryngeal elevation to allow the development of a swallow-assisting neural orthosis.
Tateyuki Iizuka - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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long term changes of hyoid bone position and pharyngeal airway size following mandibular setback by sagittal split ramus osteotomy
Journal of Cranio-maxillofacial Surgery, 2005Co-Authors: Nicole Eggensperger, Wenko Smolka, Tateyuki IizukaAbstract:INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to determine long-term changes in hyoid bone position and pharyngeal airway size after mandibular setback osteotomies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Serial cephalograms of 12 patients who underwent mandibular setback surgery were evaluated preoperatively, at 1 week, 6 months, and 14 months postoperatively, and finally after an average of 12 years. RESULTS: A mean setback of 5.6 mm was associated with a posterior and inferior movement of the hyoid bone. At long-term follow-up, the hyoid bone adapted horizontally to a position about 1.6 mm more posterior than its preoperative location. Immediately after surgery, the length of Suprahyoid Muscles correlated significantly with skeletal movements: Suprahyoid Muscles shortened by 4 mm but started lengthening after 1 year. Thereafter, it tended to correlate with the change of hyoid bone position rather than with skeletal relapse. Following the initial decrease after surgery, the size of the lower pharyngeal airway remained almost unchanged. The upper and middle pharyngeal airway sizes continued to decrease over the postoperative period of 12 years, and ultimately were smaller than their preoperative sizes by about 1.5 and 3 mm, respectively.
Jaewon Beom - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of Electrical Stimulation of the Suprahyoid Muscles in Brain-Injured Patients with Dysphagia
Dysphagia, 2015Co-Authors: Jaewon Beom, Sang Jun Kim, Kyoung Hyo Choi, Won Kim, Young Jin Song, Dae Sang You, Tai Ryoon HanAbstract:The purpose of this study is to determine whether neuromuscular electrical stimulation of the Suprahyoid muscle is effective compared to that of the infrahyoid muscle in brain-injured patients with dysphagia. A total of 132 patients with stroke, traumatic brain injury, or brain tumor in 2 university hospitals were allocated to 2 groups: those who received electrical stimulation therapy (EST) on the Suprahyoid Muscles (SM group, n = 66) and those who received EST with one pair of electrodes on the Suprahyoid muscle and the other pair on the infrahyoid muscle (SI group, n = 66). Patients received 11.2 ± 3.4 sessions of electrical stimulation in the SM group and 11.9 ± 3.4 sessions in the SI group. The functional dysphagia scale (FDS), swallow function score (SFS), supraglottic penetration, and subglottic aspiration were measured using videofluoroscopic swallowing study. FDS scores decreased from 42.0 ± 19.1 to 32.3 ± 17.8 in the SM group and from 44.8 ± 17.4 to 32.9 ± 18.8 in the SI group by per-protocol (PP) analysis, and those decreased from 41.2 ± 20.9 to 34.5 ± 20.3 in the SM group and from 44.3 ± 19.1 to 35.7 ± 20.5 in the SI group by intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis, after electrical stimulation ( p
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Effect of Electrical Stimulation of the Suprahyoid Muscles in Brain-Injured Patients with Dysphagia.
Dysphagia, 2015Co-Authors: Jaewon Beom, Sang Jun Kim, Kyoung Hyo Choi, Young Jin Song, Dae Sang You, Won Young Kim, Tai Ryoon HanAbstract:The purpose of this study is to determine whether neuromuscular electrical stimulation of the Suprahyoid muscle is effective compared to that of the infrahyoid muscle in brain-injured patients with dysphagia. A total of 132 patients with stroke, traumatic brain injury, or brain tumor in 2 university hospitals were allocated to 2 groups: those who received electrical stimulation therapy (EST) on the Suprahyoid Muscles (SM group, n = 66) and those who received EST with one pair of electrodes on the Suprahyoid muscle and the other pair on the infrahyoid muscle (SI group, n = 66). Patients received 11.2 ± 3.4 sessions of electrical stimulation in the SM group and 11.9 ± 3.4 sessions in the SI group. The functional dysphagia scale (FDS), swallow function score (SFS), supraglottic penetration, and subglottic aspiration were measured using videofluoroscopic swallowing study. FDS scores decreased from 42.0 ± 19.1 to 32.3 ± 17.8 in the SM group and from 44.8 ± 17.4 to 32.9 ± 18.8 in the SI group by per-protocol (PP) analysis, and those decreased from 41.2 ± 20.9 to 34.5 ± 20.3 in the SM group and from 44.3 ± 19.1 to 35.7 ± 20.5 in the SI group by intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis, after electrical stimulation (p < 0.001 for each). SFSs increased from 3.3 ± 1.8 to 4.2 ± 1.6 in the SM group and from 2.8 ± 1.8 to 4.0 ± 1.8 in the SI group by PP analysis, and those increased from 3.3 ± 1.6 to 3.9 ± 1.6 in the SM group and from 2.8 ± 1.9 to 3.6 ± 2.0 in the SI group by ITT analysis, after electrical stimulation (p < 0.001, respectively). However, changes in FDS scores, SFSs, penetration, and aspiration were comparable between the SM and the SI groups. The results suggest that both SM and SI therapies induced similar improvements in swallowing function in brain-injured patients.
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Electrical Stimulation of the Suprahyoid Muscles in Brain-injured Patients with Dysphagia: A Pilot Study
Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine, 2011Co-Authors: Jaewon Beom, Sang Jun Kim, Tai Ryoon HanAbstract:OBJECTIVE: To investigate the therapeutic effects of repetitive electrical stimulation of the Suprahyoid Muscles in brain-injured patients with dysphagia. METHOD: Twenty-eight brain-injured patients who showed reduced laryngeal elevation and supraglottic penetration or subglottic aspiration during a videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) were selected. The patients received either conventional dysphagia management (CDM) or CDM with repetitive electrical stimulation of the Suprahyoid Muscles (ESSM) for 4 weeks. The videofluoroscopic dysphagia scale (VDS) using the VFSS and American Speech-Language-Hearing Association National Outcome Measurement System (ASHA NOMS) swallowing scale (ASHA level) was used to determine swallowing function before and after treatment. RESULTS: VDS scores decreased from 29.8 to 17.9 in the ESSM group, and from 29.2 to 16.6 in the CDM group. However, there was no significant difference between the groups (p=0.796). Six patients (85.7%) in the ESSM group and 14 patients (66.7%) in the CDM group showed improvement according to the ASHA level with no significant difference between the ESSM and CDM groups (p=0.633). CONCLUSION: Although repetitive neuromuscular electrical stimulation of the Suprahyoid Muscles did not further improve the swallowing function of dysphagia patients with reduced laryngeal elevation, more patients in the ESSM group showed improvement in the ASHA level than those in the CDM group. Further studies with concurrent controls and a larger sample group are required to fully establish the effects of repetitive neuromuscular electrical stimulation of the Suprahyoid Muscles in dysphagia patients.
Eiichi Saitoh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Repetitive Peripheral Magnetic Stimulation for Strengthening of the Suprahyoid Muscles: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Neuromodulation, 2019Co-Authors: Mao Ogawa, Hitoshi Kagaya, Shino Mori, Yoichiro Aoyagi, Seiko Shibata, Yoko Inamoto, Yuki Nagashima, Fumi Toda, Megumi Ozeki, Eiichi SaitohAbstract:OBJECTIVE Head lift exercise is a widely known form of training in the rehabilitation of patients with dysphagia. This study aimed to compare muscular strength reinforcement training of the Suprahyoid Muscles using repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation (rPMS) with head lift exercises in a randomized controlled trial. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four healthy adults were randomly assigned to either the magnetic stimulation group (M group) or the head lift exercise group (H group). Both groups underwent training five days a week for two weeks. The primary outcome was the cervical flexor strength, and secondary outcomes were jaw-opening force, tongue pressure, muscle fatigue of the hyoid and laryngeal Muscles, displacement of the hyoid bone and opening width of the upper esophageal sphincter (UES) while swallowing 10 mL of liquid, training performance rate, and pain. RESULTS No dropouts were reported during the two-week intervention period. Cervical flexor strength significantly increased solely in the M group. Tongue pressure significantly improved in both groups. There were no significant differences in the jaw-opening force, median frequency rate of the anterior belly of the digastric muscle, sternohyoid muscle, sternocleidomastoid muscle, anterior and superior hyoid bone displacement, and UES opening width in both groups. CONCLUSIONS Two-week rPMS of the Suprahyoid Muscles increased the strength of these Muscles compared with the head lift exercise during the same period.
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Development of peripheral magnetic stimulation system to stimulate Suprahyoid Muscles
Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, 2018Co-Authors: Hitoshi Kagaya, Mao Ogawa, Shino Mori, Yoichiro Aoyagi, Seiko Shibata, Keiko Onogi, Yoko Inamoto, H. Mori, Eiichi SaitohAbstract:Introduction/Background Neuromuscular electrical stimulation has been widely used in patients with dysphagia, but obtaining sufficient hyoid bone movement through surface electrodes seems difficult due to pain. On the other hand, magnetic stimulation activates the nerve and the Muscles without stimulating the skin nociceptors. However, the coil for magnetic stimulation is too big to stimulate smaller Muscles like the Suprahyoid Muscles. The aim of this study was to develop the peripheral magnetic stimulation system to stimulate Suprahyoid Muscles. Material and method This study was approved by the institutional review board. We designed a smaller coil to stimulate Suprahyoid Muscles without stimulating inferior alveolar nerve that induced pain to the teeth. We also developed a jig to support the coil. Eleven healthy subjects aged 32 ± 9 years participated in this study. The new coil was placed on the submental area of the subjects and the magnetic stimulation was performed one time at a rate of 30 Hz for 2 s. The intensity level selected induces hyoid bone movement without causing intolerable pain to the subjects. The hyoid bone at rest between on- and off-magnetic stimulations of the Suprahyoid Muscles were identified using fluoroscopy at 30 frames/s in lateral projection and the displacements of the hyoid bone were calculated using Image J program. Pain during peripheral magnetic stimulation was assessed from 0 to 10 using the numerical rating scale (NRS). Results Magnetic stimulation resulted in 10.9 ± 2.8 mm forward displacement and 8.3 ± 4.1 mm upward displacement of the hyoid bone. The median NRS score during magnetic stimulation was 1. Conclusion We obtained similar extent of hyoid bone movement at rest compared with normal drinking of 10-mL liquid. The peripheral magnetic stimulation can become an alternative to electrical stimulation for patients with reduced laryngeal elevation.
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Hyoid Bone Movement at Rest by Peripheral Magnetic Stimulation of Suprahyoid Muscles in Normal Individuals.
Neuromodulation, 2018Co-Authors: Hitoshi Kagaya, Mao Ogawa, Shino Mori, Yoichiro Aoyagi, Seiko Shibata, Yoko Inamoto, Mori Hitoshi, Eiichi SaitohAbstract:OBJECTIVES Neuromuscular electrical stimulation has been widely used in patients with dysphagia. However, obtaining sufficient hyoid bone movement through surface electrodes seems difficult. The aim of this study was to evaluate hyoid bone movement at rest through peripheral magnetic stimulation of the Suprahyoid Muscles in normal individuals. METHODS Healthy adult men were recruited. A specially designed coil was connected to the peripheral magnetic stimulator. The coil was placed on the submental area of the subjects. Magnetic stimulation was performed at 30 Hz for 2 sec. The intensity level selected induces hyoid bone movement without causing intolerable pain to the subjects. The hyoid bone at rest between on- and off-magnetic stimulations of the Suprahyoid Muscles were identified using fluoroscopy at 30 frames/sec in lateral projection. Pain during peripheral magnetic stimulation was evaluated using the numerical rating scale (NRS). RESULTS Eleven subjects aged 32 ± 9 years participated in this study. Magnetic stimulation resulted in 10.9 ± 2.8 mm forward displacement and 8.3 ± 4.1 mm (mean ± SD) upward displacement of the hyoid bone. The median NRS score during magnetic stimulation was 1. CONCLUSIONS Peripheral magnetic stimulation is noninvasive and easy to perform. It does not require skin preparation, facilitates sufficient hyoid bone movement, and causes minimum level of pain.