The Experts below are selected from a list of 183 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Nancy L Gelardi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sympathomimetics as contra insulin hormones in neonatal hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia dagger 1365
Pediatric Research, 1997Co-Authors: Richard M. Cowett, Robert E Rapoza, G. Jawad, Nancy L GelardiAbstract:Similar to glucagon, the Sympathomimetics are primary contra-insulin hormones in the adult. In continuing studies of neonatal hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, we hypothesized comparable relative effectiveness. Thirty spontaneously delivered neonatal lambs weighing 5.0 ±0.9 kgs(M±SD) were infused at 5.0±0.8 days with 100 μCi D-[6-3H2] glucose in 0.9% NaCl by prime constant infusion to measure glucose production (GP). After a preperturbation period, infusion of 2.0 mU·kg-1 min-1 insulin (I) produced hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia and was combined with 1.0 μg·kg-1min-1 somatostatin(SRIF) to block insulin release. Infusion of 0.5 μg·kg-1 min-1 phentolamine (Phen) and 1.1 μg·kg-1min-1 propranolol (Prop) in combination, or singly, isolated the sympathomimetic effect(s). Controls (C) received only the isotope. Representative data are from the end of the perturbation. Table
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Sympathomimetics As Contra-Insulin Hormones in Neonatal Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia. |[dagger]| 1365
Pediatric Research, 1997Co-Authors: Richard M. Cowett, Robert E Rapoza, G. Jawad, Nancy L GelardiAbstract:Similar to glucagon, the Sympathomimetics are primary contra-insulin hormones in the adult. In continuing studies of neonatal hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, we hypothesized comparable relative effectiveness. Thirty spontaneously delivered neonatal lambs weighing 5.0 ±0.9 kgs(M±SD) were infused at 5.0±0.8 days with 100 μCi D-[6-3H2] glucose in 0.9% NaCl by prime constant infusion to measure glucose production (GP). After a preperturbation period, infusion of 2.0 mU·kg-1 min-1 insulin (I) produced hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia and was combined with 1.0 μg·kg-1min-1 somatostatin(SRIF) to block insulin release. Infusion of 0.5 μg·kg-1 min-1 phentolamine (Phen) and 1.1 μg·kg-1min-1 propranolol (Prop) in combination, or singly, isolated the sympathomimetic effect(s). Controls (C) received only the isotope. Representative data are from the end of the perturbation. Table
Rosalyn Middleton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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gc ms identification of sympathomimetic amine drugs in urine rapid methodology applicable for emergency clinical toxicology
Journal of Analytical Toxicology, 2000Co-Authors: Jimmie L Valentine, Rosalyn MiddletonAbstract:A method was developed that permitted rapid identification in urine of the following sympathomimetic amines: amphetamine, benzphetamine, cathinone, desmethylsegiline, diethylpropion, ephedrine, fenfluramine, mazindol, methylenedioxyamphetamine, methylenedioxyethylamphetamine, methylenedioxymethamphetamine, mescaline, methamphetamine, methcathinone, methylaminorex, methylphenidate, pemoline, phendimetrazine, phenylepherine, phentermine, phenylpropanolamine, and selegiline. In two c~-phenylethylamine-like monoamine oxidase inhibitors, phenelizine and tranylcypromine, were studied. Those sympathomimetic amines containing a primary or secondary amine, a hydrazine, and/or hydroxyl (except mazindol) functional groups were derivatized effectively using an on-column derivatization technique that used a reagent consisting of 10% fluoroanhydride in hexane, whereas the other sympathomimetic amines, including mazindol, were analyzed underivatized. Three different fluoroanhydrides, trifluoroacetic (TFAA), pentafluoropropionic (PFPA), and heptafluorobutyric (HFBA), and three different injection-port temperatures (160, 200, and 260~ were investigated. Both TFAA and PFPA gave sympathomimetic amine derivatives with essentially identical retention times, whereas HFBA gave longer retention times and better separation of individual compounds. The base fragmentation ion was noted to increase 50 ainu (CF~) for each derivatized sympathomimetic amine as the length of the carbon-fluorine chain increased. Fragmentation ion abundance was maximized at injection-port temperature of 260~ and this enhanced sensitivity coupled with the better chromatographic resolution of the individual sympathomimetic amines prompted the selection of HFBA as the derivatizing agent of choice. Assignments were made for the fragmentation ions produced by each derivatized drug. The developed method was adapted to analyze urine specimens that might be encountered in emergency toxicology testing. For identification of sympathomimetic
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gc ms identification of sympathomimetic amine drugs in urine rapid methodology applicable for emergency clinical toxicology
Journal of Analytical Toxicology, 2000Co-Authors: Jimmie L Valentine, Rosalyn MiddletonAbstract:A method was developed that permitted rapid identification in urine of the following sympathomimetic amines: amphetamine, benzphetamine, cathinone, desmethylsegiline, diethylpropion, ephedrine, fenfluramine, mazindol, methylenedioxyamphetamine, methylenedioxyethylamphetamine, methylenedioxymethamphetamine, mescaline, methamphetamine, methcathinone, methylaminorex, methylphenidate, pemoline, phendimetrazine, phenylepherine, phentermine, phenylpropanolamine, pseudoephedrine, and selegiline. In addition, two alpha-phenylethylamine-like monoamine oxidase inhibitors, phenelizine and tranylcypromine, were studied. Those sympathomimetic amines containing a primary or secondary amine, a hydrazine, and/or hydroxyl (except mazindol) functional groups were derivatized effectively using an on-column derivatization technique that used a reagent consisting of 10% fluoroanhydride in hexane, whereas the other sympathomimetic amines, including mazindol, were analyzed underivatized. Three different fluoroanhydrides, trifluoroacetic (TFAA), pentafluoropropionic (PFPA), and heptafluorobutyric (HFBA), and three different injection-port temperatures (160, 200, and 260 degrees C) were investigated. Both TFAA and PFPA gave sympathomimetic amine derivatives with essentially identical retention times, whereas HFBA gave longer retention times and better separation of individual compounds. The base fragmentation ion was noted to increase 50 amu (CF2) for each derivatized sympathomimetic amine as the length of the carbon-fluorine chain increased. Fragmentation ion abundance was maximized at an injection-port temperature of 260 degrees C, and this enhanced sensitivity coupled with the better chromatographic resolution of the individual sympathomimetic amines prompted the selection of HFBA as the derivatizing agent of choice. Assignments were made for the fragmentation ions produced by each derivatized drug. The developed method was adapted to analyze urine specimens that might be encountered in emergency toxicology testing. For identification of sympathomimetic amines requiring derivatization, 0.1 mL of the patient specimen had amphetamine-d5 and methamphetamine-d5 added as internal standard followed by adjustment of pH to 9.3 with borate buffer, extraction with 9:1 chloroform/isopropanol, centrifugation and separation of the organic phase, addition of 10% methanolic HCI and evaporation under nitrogen, reconstitution with HFBA reagent, and on-column derivatization during gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) analysis. For those sympathomimetic amines not requiring derivatization, 1.0 mL of urine specimen had diazepam-d5 added as internal standard followed by the same extraction procedure and reconstitution accomplished with ethyl acetate. Because precolumn derivatization was eliminated and only 8 min was required for GC-MS analysis, complete analysis time was approximately 30 min, making the method suitable for clinical emergency toxicology purposes.
Marie-josefine Joisten - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Dexpanthenol: An Overview of its Contribution to Symptom Relief in Acute Rhinitis Treated with Decongestant Nasal Sprays
Advances in Therapy, 2017Co-Authors: Ralph Mosges, Kija Shah-hosseini, Hans-peter Hucke, Marie-josefine JoistenAbstract:Nasal blockage is the most bothersome symptom of acute rhinitis. Nasal decongestant sprays containing alpha-Sympathomimetics, such as oxymetazoline and xylometazoline, have a rapid onset of action. However, this effect decreases with repeated application and, furthermore, the ciliary function of the nasal mucosa is practically paralyzed. Dexpanthenol promotes cell proliferation and protects the epithelium. Combining these two agents has demonstrated beneficial synergetic effects on the symptoms of acute rhinitis. In a post hoc analysis of a large-scale double-blind, active-controlled study including 152 patients, we could demonstrate that the benefit of added dexpanthenol appears as early as on the third day of the combined application of xylometazoline and dexpanthenol in terms of complete or near-to-complete freedom from symptoms. After 5 days, 47% of the patients were cured under the combined treatment compared with only 1% under xylometazoline monotherapy. These data show that the addition of dexpanthenol to an alpha-sympathomimetic nasal spray not only improves its tolerability but also further increases its effectiveness and leads to expedited cure. Funding: Klosterfrau Healthcare Group.
Richard M. Cowett - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sympathomimetics as contra insulin hormones in neonatal hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia dagger 1365
Pediatric Research, 1997Co-Authors: Richard M. Cowett, Robert E Rapoza, G. Jawad, Nancy L GelardiAbstract:Similar to glucagon, the Sympathomimetics are primary contra-insulin hormones in the adult. In continuing studies of neonatal hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, we hypothesized comparable relative effectiveness. Thirty spontaneously delivered neonatal lambs weighing 5.0 ±0.9 kgs(M±SD) were infused at 5.0±0.8 days with 100 μCi D-[6-3H2] glucose in 0.9% NaCl by prime constant infusion to measure glucose production (GP). After a preperturbation period, infusion of 2.0 mU·kg-1 min-1 insulin (I) produced hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia and was combined with 1.0 μg·kg-1min-1 somatostatin(SRIF) to block insulin release. Infusion of 0.5 μg·kg-1 min-1 phentolamine (Phen) and 1.1 μg·kg-1min-1 propranolol (Prop) in combination, or singly, isolated the sympathomimetic effect(s). Controls (C) received only the isotope. Representative data are from the end of the perturbation. Table
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Sympathomimetics As Contra-Insulin Hormones in Neonatal Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia. |[dagger]| 1365
Pediatric Research, 1997Co-Authors: Richard M. Cowett, Robert E Rapoza, G. Jawad, Nancy L GelardiAbstract:Similar to glucagon, the Sympathomimetics are primary contra-insulin hormones in the adult. In continuing studies of neonatal hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, we hypothesized comparable relative effectiveness. Thirty spontaneously delivered neonatal lambs weighing 5.0 ±0.9 kgs(M±SD) were infused at 5.0±0.8 days with 100 μCi D-[6-3H2] glucose in 0.9% NaCl by prime constant infusion to measure glucose production (GP). After a preperturbation period, infusion of 2.0 mU·kg-1 min-1 insulin (I) produced hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia and was combined with 1.0 μg·kg-1min-1 somatostatin(SRIF) to block insulin release. Infusion of 0.5 μg·kg-1 min-1 phentolamine (Phen) and 1.1 μg·kg-1min-1 propranolol (Prop) in combination, or singly, isolated the sympathomimetic effect(s). Controls (C) received only the isotope. Representative data are from the end of the perturbation. Table
Jimmie L Valentine - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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gc ms identification of sympathomimetic amine drugs in urine rapid methodology applicable for emergency clinical toxicology
Journal of Analytical Toxicology, 2000Co-Authors: Jimmie L Valentine, Rosalyn MiddletonAbstract:A method was developed that permitted rapid identification in urine of the following sympathomimetic amines: amphetamine, benzphetamine, cathinone, desmethylsegiline, diethylpropion, ephedrine, fenfluramine, mazindol, methylenedioxyamphetamine, methylenedioxyethylamphetamine, methylenedioxymethamphetamine, mescaline, methamphetamine, methcathinone, methylaminorex, methylphenidate, pemoline, phendimetrazine, phenylepherine, phentermine, phenylpropanolamine, and selegiline. In two c~-phenylethylamine-like monoamine oxidase inhibitors, phenelizine and tranylcypromine, were studied. Those sympathomimetic amines containing a primary or secondary amine, a hydrazine, and/or hydroxyl (except mazindol) functional groups were derivatized effectively using an on-column derivatization technique that used a reagent consisting of 10% fluoroanhydride in hexane, whereas the other sympathomimetic amines, including mazindol, were analyzed underivatized. Three different fluoroanhydrides, trifluoroacetic (TFAA), pentafluoropropionic (PFPA), and heptafluorobutyric (HFBA), and three different injection-port temperatures (160, 200, and 260~ were investigated. Both TFAA and PFPA gave sympathomimetic amine derivatives with essentially identical retention times, whereas HFBA gave longer retention times and better separation of individual compounds. The base fragmentation ion was noted to increase 50 ainu (CF~) for each derivatized sympathomimetic amine as the length of the carbon-fluorine chain increased. Fragmentation ion abundance was maximized at injection-port temperature of 260~ and this enhanced sensitivity coupled with the better chromatographic resolution of the individual sympathomimetic amines prompted the selection of HFBA as the derivatizing agent of choice. Assignments were made for the fragmentation ions produced by each derivatized drug. The developed method was adapted to analyze urine specimens that might be encountered in emergency toxicology testing. For identification of sympathomimetic
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gc ms identification of sympathomimetic amine drugs in urine rapid methodology applicable for emergency clinical toxicology
Journal of Analytical Toxicology, 2000Co-Authors: Jimmie L Valentine, Rosalyn MiddletonAbstract:A method was developed that permitted rapid identification in urine of the following sympathomimetic amines: amphetamine, benzphetamine, cathinone, desmethylsegiline, diethylpropion, ephedrine, fenfluramine, mazindol, methylenedioxyamphetamine, methylenedioxyethylamphetamine, methylenedioxymethamphetamine, mescaline, methamphetamine, methcathinone, methylaminorex, methylphenidate, pemoline, phendimetrazine, phenylepherine, phentermine, phenylpropanolamine, pseudoephedrine, and selegiline. In addition, two alpha-phenylethylamine-like monoamine oxidase inhibitors, phenelizine and tranylcypromine, were studied. Those sympathomimetic amines containing a primary or secondary amine, a hydrazine, and/or hydroxyl (except mazindol) functional groups were derivatized effectively using an on-column derivatization technique that used a reagent consisting of 10% fluoroanhydride in hexane, whereas the other sympathomimetic amines, including mazindol, were analyzed underivatized. Three different fluoroanhydrides, trifluoroacetic (TFAA), pentafluoropropionic (PFPA), and heptafluorobutyric (HFBA), and three different injection-port temperatures (160, 200, and 260 degrees C) were investigated. Both TFAA and PFPA gave sympathomimetic amine derivatives with essentially identical retention times, whereas HFBA gave longer retention times and better separation of individual compounds. The base fragmentation ion was noted to increase 50 amu (CF2) for each derivatized sympathomimetic amine as the length of the carbon-fluorine chain increased. Fragmentation ion abundance was maximized at an injection-port temperature of 260 degrees C, and this enhanced sensitivity coupled with the better chromatographic resolution of the individual sympathomimetic amines prompted the selection of HFBA as the derivatizing agent of choice. Assignments were made for the fragmentation ions produced by each derivatized drug. The developed method was adapted to analyze urine specimens that might be encountered in emergency toxicology testing. For identification of sympathomimetic amines requiring derivatization, 0.1 mL of the patient specimen had amphetamine-d5 and methamphetamine-d5 added as internal standard followed by adjustment of pH to 9.3 with borate buffer, extraction with 9:1 chloroform/isopropanol, centrifugation and separation of the organic phase, addition of 10% methanolic HCI and evaporation under nitrogen, reconstitution with HFBA reagent, and on-column derivatization during gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) analysis. For those sympathomimetic amines not requiring derivatization, 1.0 mL of urine specimen had diazepam-d5 added as internal standard followed by the same extraction procedure and reconstitution accomplished with ethyl acetate. Because precolumn derivatization was eliminated and only 8 min was required for GC-MS analysis, complete analysis time was approximately 30 min, making the method suitable for clinical emergency toxicology purposes.
