The Experts below are selected from a list of 225 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Mario Thevis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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simultaneous determination and validated quantification of human Insulin and its Synthetic analogues in human blood serum by immunoaffinity purification and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 2012Co-Authors: Cornelius Hess, Wulf Quester, Mario Thevis, Andreas Thomas, Burkhard Madea, Diethelm Tschoepe, Bernd Stratmann, Frank MusshoffAbstract:Possible fatal complications of human Insulin and its Synthetic analogues like hypoglycemia require precise classification and quantitative determination of these drugs both for clinical purposes as well as for forensic toxicologists. A procedure was developed for the identification and quantification of human Insulin and different long-acting as well as short-acting Synthetic Insulins in human blood serum specimens. After an immunoaffinity purification step and separation by liquid chromatography, the Insulins were characterized by their five- or sixfold protonated molecule ions and diagnostic product ions. Clinical samples of 207 diabetic and 50 non-diabetic patients after the administration of human Insulin or oral antidiabetics and forensic samples were analyzed for human/Synthetic Insulin concentrations. The method was validated according to international guidelines. Limits of detection of the Insulins ranged between 1.3 and 2.8 μU/ml. Recoveries ranged between 33.2 % and 51.7 %. Precision data was in accordance with international guidelines. Clinical samples showed concentrations of human Insulin lower than 301 μU/ml. Our liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry procedure allows unambiguous identification and quantification of the intact human Insulin and its intact Synthetic analogues Humalog®, Novolog®, Apidra®, Lantus®, and Levemir® in human blood serum in clinical and overdose cases. The assay could be successfully tested in patients with diabetes mellitus on therapy with Insulins or oral antidiabetics.
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sensitive and fast identification of urinary human Synthetic and animal Insulin by means of nano uplc coupled with high resolution high accuracy mass spectrometry
Drug Testing and Analysis, 2009Co-Authors: Andreas Thomas, Wilhelm Schanzer, Phillipe Delahaut, Mario ThevisAbstract:The double-chain polypeptide Insulin and its Synthetic (Insulin Glulisine, Insulin Aspart, Insulin Glargine, or Insulin Lispro) or animal analogues (porcine Insulin or bovine Insulin) are potential performance-enhancing agents in elite sports or potentially effective toxins in forensic science. The present study demonstrates an analytical method to purify the Insulins simultaneously from urine specimens with an approach based on immunoaffinity isolation, using coated magnetic beads (anti-mouse) and a primary anti-Insulin antibody (IgG, monoclonal). The extracts were purified sufficiently for separation by means of nano-flow liquid chromatography coupled with nano-scale high-resolution, high-accuracy ESI-MS/MS. Elucidation of collision-induced dissociations with product ion experiments using the fivefold protonated precursor ion of each target analyte enabled all Synthetic and animal Insulins to be differentiated from their human counterpart, which was particularly important for Lispro, possessing the same molecular mass as human Insulin. The method was fully validated for specificity, limit of detection (LOD, 0.5 fmol/mL), precision (<20%), recovery (approximately 30%) and linearity (2–40 fmol/mL) for all target analytes. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Sensitive and fast identification of urinary human, Synthetic and animal Insulin by means of nano‐UPLC coupled with high‐resolution/high‐accuracy mass spectrometry
Drug testing and analysis, 2009Co-Authors: Andreas Thomas, Wilhelm Schanzer, Phillipe Delahaut, Mario ThevisAbstract:The double-chain polypeptide Insulin and its Synthetic (Insulin Glulisine, Insulin Aspart, Insulin Glargine, or Insulin Lispro) or animal analogues (porcine Insulin or bovine Insulin) are potential performance-enhancing agents in elite sports or potentially effective toxins in forensic science. The present study demonstrates an analytical method to purify the Insulins simultaneously from urine specimens with an approach based on immunoaffinity isolation, using coated magnetic beads (anti-mouse) and a primary anti-Insulin antibody (IgG, monoclonal). The extracts were purified sufficiently for separation by means of nano-flow liquid chromatography coupled with nano-scale high-resolution, high-accuracy ESI-MS/MS. Elucidation of collision-induced dissociations with product ion experiments using the fivefold protonated precursor ion of each target analyte enabled all Synthetic and animal Insulins to be differentiated from their human counterpart, which was particularly important for Lispro, possessing the same molecular mass as human Insulin. The method was fully validated for specificity, limit of detection (LOD, 0.5 fmol/mL), precision (
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mass spectrometric determination of Insulins and their degradation products in sports drug testing
Mass Spectrometry Reviews, 2008Co-Authors: Mario Thevis, Andreas Thomas, Wilhelm SchanzerAbstract:Insulins' anabolic and anti-catabolic properties have supposedly led to its misuse in sport. Hence, doping control assays were developed to allow the unequivocal identification of Synthetic Insulin analogs and metabolic products derived from human Insulin and its artificial counterparts in urine and plasma specimens. Analyses were based on immunoaffinity purification and subsequent characterization of target analytes by top-down sequencing-based approaches, which were conducted with hybrid tandem mass spectrometers that consisted of either quadrupole-linear ion trap or linear ion trap-orbitrap analyzers. Diagnostic product ions and analytical strategies are presented and discussed in light of the need to unambiguously identify misused drugs in urine and plasma specimens for doping control. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev 27:35–50, 2008
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Mass spectrometric determination of Insulins and their degradation products in sports drug testing.
Mass spectrometry reviews, 2007Co-Authors: Mario Thevis, Andreas Thomas, Wilhelm SchanzerAbstract:Insulins' anabolic and anti-catabolic properties have supposedly led to its misuse in sport. Hence, doping control assays were developed to allow the unequivocal identification of Synthetic Insulin analogs and metabolic products derived from human Insulin and its artificial counterparts in urine and plasma specimens. Analyses were based on immunoaffinity purification and subsequent characterization of target analytes by top-down sequencing-based approaches, which were conducted with hybrid tandem mass spectrometers that consisted of either quadrupole-linear ion trap or linear ion trap-orbitrap analyzers. Diagnostic product ions and analytical strategies are presented and discussed in light of the need to unambiguously identify misused drugs in urine and plasma specimens for doping control.
Wilhelm Schanzer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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sensitive and fast identification of urinary human Synthetic and animal Insulin by means of nano uplc coupled with high resolution high accuracy mass spectrometry
Drug Testing and Analysis, 2009Co-Authors: Andreas Thomas, Wilhelm Schanzer, Phillipe Delahaut, Mario ThevisAbstract:The double-chain polypeptide Insulin and its Synthetic (Insulin Glulisine, Insulin Aspart, Insulin Glargine, or Insulin Lispro) or animal analogues (porcine Insulin or bovine Insulin) are potential performance-enhancing agents in elite sports or potentially effective toxins in forensic science. The present study demonstrates an analytical method to purify the Insulins simultaneously from urine specimens with an approach based on immunoaffinity isolation, using coated magnetic beads (anti-mouse) and a primary anti-Insulin antibody (IgG, monoclonal). The extracts were purified sufficiently for separation by means of nano-flow liquid chromatography coupled with nano-scale high-resolution, high-accuracy ESI-MS/MS. Elucidation of collision-induced dissociations with product ion experiments using the fivefold protonated precursor ion of each target analyte enabled all Synthetic and animal Insulins to be differentiated from their human counterpart, which was particularly important for Lispro, possessing the same molecular mass as human Insulin. The method was fully validated for specificity, limit of detection (LOD, 0.5 fmol/mL), precision (<20%), recovery (approximately 30%) and linearity (2–40 fmol/mL) for all target analytes. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Sensitive and fast identification of urinary human, Synthetic and animal Insulin by means of nano‐UPLC coupled with high‐resolution/high‐accuracy mass spectrometry
Drug testing and analysis, 2009Co-Authors: Andreas Thomas, Wilhelm Schanzer, Phillipe Delahaut, Mario ThevisAbstract:The double-chain polypeptide Insulin and its Synthetic (Insulin Glulisine, Insulin Aspart, Insulin Glargine, or Insulin Lispro) or animal analogues (porcine Insulin or bovine Insulin) are potential performance-enhancing agents in elite sports or potentially effective toxins in forensic science. The present study demonstrates an analytical method to purify the Insulins simultaneously from urine specimens with an approach based on immunoaffinity isolation, using coated magnetic beads (anti-mouse) and a primary anti-Insulin antibody (IgG, monoclonal). The extracts were purified sufficiently for separation by means of nano-flow liquid chromatography coupled with nano-scale high-resolution, high-accuracy ESI-MS/MS. Elucidation of collision-induced dissociations with product ion experiments using the fivefold protonated precursor ion of each target analyte enabled all Synthetic and animal Insulins to be differentiated from their human counterpart, which was particularly important for Lispro, possessing the same molecular mass as human Insulin. The method was fully validated for specificity, limit of detection (LOD, 0.5 fmol/mL), precision (
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mass spectrometric determination of Insulins and their degradation products in sports drug testing
Mass Spectrometry Reviews, 2008Co-Authors: Mario Thevis, Andreas Thomas, Wilhelm SchanzerAbstract:Insulins' anabolic and anti-catabolic properties have supposedly led to its misuse in sport. Hence, doping control assays were developed to allow the unequivocal identification of Synthetic Insulin analogs and metabolic products derived from human Insulin and its artificial counterparts in urine and plasma specimens. Analyses were based on immunoaffinity purification and subsequent characterization of target analytes by top-down sequencing-based approaches, which were conducted with hybrid tandem mass spectrometers that consisted of either quadrupole-linear ion trap or linear ion trap-orbitrap analyzers. Diagnostic product ions and analytical strategies are presented and discussed in light of the need to unambiguously identify misused drugs in urine and plasma specimens for doping control. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev 27:35–50, 2008
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Mass spectrometric determination of Insulins and their degradation products in sports drug testing.
Mass spectrometry reviews, 2007Co-Authors: Mario Thevis, Andreas Thomas, Wilhelm SchanzerAbstract:Insulins' anabolic and anti-catabolic properties have supposedly led to its misuse in sport. Hence, doping control assays were developed to allow the unequivocal identification of Synthetic Insulin analogs and metabolic products derived from human Insulin and its artificial counterparts in urine and plasma specimens. Analyses were based on immunoaffinity purification and subsequent characterization of target analytes by top-down sequencing-based approaches, which were conducted with hybrid tandem mass spectrometers that consisted of either quadrupole-linear ion trap or linear ion trap-orbitrap analyzers. Diagnostic product ions and analytical strategies are presented and discussed in light of the need to unambiguously identify misused drugs in urine and plasma specimens for doping control.
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qualitative determination of Synthetic analogues of Insulin in human plasma by immunoaffinity purification and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry for doping control purposes
Analytical Chemistry, 2005Co-Authors: Mario Thevis, Andreas Thomas, Phillipe Delahaut, And Alain Bosseloir, Wilhelm SchanzerAbstract:Synthetic Insulins such as Humalog Lispro, Novolog Aspart, or Lantus Glargine, are commonly employed for the treatment of Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus owing to convenient handling and fast or prolonged bioavailability. However, the misuse of Insulin in sports has been reported often, and the international doping control system requires a reliable and robust assay to determine the presence or absence of related drugs prohibited by the World Anti-Doping Agency. Qualitative evidence of administered substances, which is preferably obtained by mass spectrometry, is of utmost importance. Plasma specimens of 2 mL were fortified with three Synthetic Insulin analogues and purified by immunoaffinity chromatography, and extracts were analyzed by microbore liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. Product ion scan experiments of intact proteins enabled the differentiation between endogenously produced Insulin and its Synthetic analogues by collisionally activated dissociation of multiply charged prec...
Andreas Thomas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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simultaneous determination and validated quantification of human Insulin and its Synthetic analogues in human blood serum by immunoaffinity purification and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 2012Co-Authors: Cornelius Hess, Wulf Quester, Mario Thevis, Andreas Thomas, Burkhard Madea, Diethelm Tschoepe, Bernd Stratmann, Frank MusshoffAbstract:Possible fatal complications of human Insulin and its Synthetic analogues like hypoglycemia require precise classification and quantitative determination of these drugs both for clinical purposes as well as for forensic toxicologists. A procedure was developed for the identification and quantification of human Insulin and different long-acting as well as short-acting Synthetic Insulins in human blood serum specimens. After an immunoaffinity purification step and separation by liquid chromatography, the Insulins were characterized by their five- or sixfold protonated molecule ions and diagnostic product ions. Clinical samples of 207 diabetic and 50 non-diabetic patients after the administration of human Insulin or oral antidiabetics and forensic samples were analyzed for human/Synthetic Insulin concentrations. The method was validated according to international guidelines. Limits of detection of the Insulins ranged between 1.3 and 2.8 μU/ml. Recoveries ranged between 33.2 % and 51.7 %. Precision data was in accordance with international guidelines. Clinical samples showed concentrations of human Insulin lower than 301 μU/ml. Our liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry procedure allows unambiguous identification and quantification of the intact human Insulin and its intact Synthetic analogues Humalog®, Novolog®, Apidra®, Lantus®, and Levemir® in human blood serum in clinical and overdose cases. The assay could be successfully tested in patients with diabetes mellitus on therapy with Insulins or oral antidiabetics.
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sensitive and fast identification of urinary human Synthetic and animal Insulin by means of nano uplc coupled with high resolution high accuracy mass spectrometry
Drug Testing and Analysis, 2009Co-Authors: Andreas Thomas, Wilhelm Schanzer, Phillipe Delahaut, Mario ThevisAbstract:The double-chain polypeptide Insulin and its Synthetic (Insulin Glulisine, Insulin Aspart, Insulin Glargine, or Insulin Lispro) or animal analogues (porcine Insulin or bovine Insulin) are potential performance-enhancing agents in elite sports or potentially effective toxins in forensic science. The present study demonstrates an analytical method to purify the Insulins simultaneously from urine specimens with an approach based on immunoaffinity isolation, using coated magnetic beads (anti-mouse) and a primary anti-Insulin antibody (IgG, monoclonal). The extracts were purified sufficiently for separation by means of nano-flow liquid chromatography coupled with nano-scale high-resolution, high-accuracy ESI-MS/MS. Elucidation of collision-induced dissociations with product ion experiments using the fivefold protonated precursor ion of each target analyte enabled all Synthetic and animal Insulins to be differentiated from their human counterpart, which was particularly important for Lispro, possessing the same molecular mass as human Insulin. The method was fully validated for specificity, limit of detection (LOD, 0.5 fmol/mL), precision (<20%), recovery (approximately 30%) and linearity (2–40 fmol/mL) for all target analytes. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Sensitive and fast identification of urinary human, Synthetic and animal Insulin by means of nano‐UPLC coupled with high‐resolution/high‐accuracy mass spectrometry
Drug testing and analysis, 2009Co-Authors: Andreas Thomas, Wilhelm Schanzer, Phillipe Delahaut, Mario ThevisAbstract:The double-chain polypeptide Insulin and its Synthetic (Insulin Glulisine, Insulin Aspart, Insulin Glargine, or Insulin Lispro) or animal analogues (porcine Insulin or bovine Insulin) are potential performance-enhancing agents in elite sports or potentially effective toxins in forensic science. The present study demonstrates an analytical method to purify the Insulins simultaneously from urine specimens with an approach based on immunoaffinity isolation, using coated magnetic beads (anti-mouse) and a primary anti-Insulin antibody (IgG, monoclonal). The extracts were purified sufficiently for separation by means of nano-flow liquid chromatography coupled with nano-scale high-resolution, high-accuracy ESI-MS/MS. Elucidation of collision-induced dissociations with product ion experiments using the fivefold protonated precursor ion of each target analyte enabled all Synthetic and animal Insulins to be differentiated from their human counterpart, which was particularly important for Lispro, possessing the same molecular mass as human Insulin. The method was fully validated for specificity, limit of detection (LOD, 0.5 fmol/mL), precision (
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mass spectrometric determination of Insulins and their degradation products in sports drug testing
Mass Spectrometry Reviews, 2008Co-Authors: Mario Thevis, Andreas Thomas, Wilhelm SchanzerAbstract:Insulins' anabolic and anti-catabolic properties have supposedly led to its misuse in sport. Hence, doping control assays were developed to allow the unequivocal identification of Synthetic Insulin analogs and metabolic products derived from human Insulin and its artificial counterparts in urine and plasma specimens. Analyses were based on immunoaffinity purification and subsequent characterization of target analytes by top-down sequencing-based approaches, which were conducted with hybrid tandem mass spectrometers that consisted of either quadrupole-linear ion trap or linear ion trap-orbitrap analyzers. Diagnostic product ions and analytical strategies are presented and discussed in light of the need to unambiguously identify misused drugs in urine and plasma specimens for doping control. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev 27:35–50, 2008
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Mass spectrometric determination of Insulins and their degradation products in sports drug testing.
Mass spectrometry reviews, 2007Co-Authors: Mario Thevis, Andreas Thomas, Wilhelm SchanzerAbstract:Insulins' anabolic and anti-catabolic properties have supposedly led to its misuse in sport. Hence, doping control assays were developed to allow the unequivocal identification of Synthetic Insulin analogs and metabolic products derived from human Insulin and its artificial counterparts in urine and plasma specimens. Analyses were based on immunoaffinity purification and subsequent characterization of target analytes by top-down sequencing-based approaches, which were conducted with hybrid tandem mass spectrometers that consisted of either quadrupole-linear ion trap or linear ion trap-orbitrap analyzers. Diagnostic product ions and analytical strategies are presented and discussed in light of the need to unambiguously identify misused drugs in urine and plasma specimens for doping control.
Phillipe Delahaut - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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sensitive and fast identification of urinary human Synthetic and animal Insulin by means of nano uplc coupled with high resolution high accuracy mass spectrometry
Drug Testing and Analysis, 2009Co-Authors: Andreas Thomas, Wilhelm Schanzer, Phillipe Delahaut, Mario ThevisAbstract:The double-chain polypeptide Insulin and its Synthetic (Insulin Glulisine, Insulin Aspart, Insulin Glargine, or Insulin Lispro) or animal analogues (porcine Insulin or bovine Insulin) are potential performance-enhancing agents in elite sports or potentially effective toxins in forensic science. The present study demonstrates an analytical method to purify the Insulins simultaneously from urine specimens with an approach based on immunoaffinity isolation, using coated magnetic beads (anti-mouse) and a primary anti-Insulin antibody (IgG, monoclonal). The extracts were purified sufficiently for separation by means of nano-flow liquid chromatography coupled with nano-scale high-resolution, high-accuracy ESI-MS/MS. Elucidation of collision-induced dissociations with product ion experiments using the fivefold protonated precursor ion of each target analyte enabled all Synthetic and animal Insulins to be differentiated from their human counterpart, which was particularly important for Lispro, possessing the same molecular mass as human Insulin. The method was fully validated for specificity, limit of detection (LOD, 0.5 fmol/mL), precision (<20%), recovery (approximately 30%) and linearity (2–40 fmol/mL) for all target analytes. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Sensitive and fast identification of urinary human, Synthetic and animal Insulin by means of nano‐UPLC coupled with high‐resolution/high‐accuracy mass spectrometry
Drug testing and analysis, 2009Co-Authors: Andreas Thomas, Wilhelm Schanzer, Phillipe Delahaut, Mario ThevisAbstract:The double-chain polypeptide Insulin and its Synthetic (Insulin Glulisine, Insulin Aspart, Insulin Glargine, or Insulin Lispro) or animal analogues (porcine Insulin or bovine Insulin) are potential performance-enhancing agents in elite sports or potentially effective toxins in forensic science. The present study demonstrates an analytical method to purify the Insulins simultaneously from urine specimens with an approach based on immunoaffinity isolation, using coated magnetic beads (anti-mouse) and a primary anti-Insulin antibody (IgG, monoclonal). The extracts were purified sufficiently for separation by means of nano-flow liquid chromatography coupled with nano-scale high-resolution, high-accuracy ESI-MS/MS. Elucidation of collision-induced dissociations with product ion experiments using the fivefold protonated precursor ion of each target analyte enabled all Synthetic and animal Insulins to be differentiated from their human counterpart, which was particularly important for Lispro, possessing the same molecular mass as human Insulin. The method was fully validated for specificity, limit of detection (LOD, 0.5 fmol/mL), precision (
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qualitative determination of Synthetic analogues of Insulin in human plasma by immunoaffinity purification and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry for doping control purposes
Analytical Chemistry, 2005Co-Authors: Mario Thevis, Andreas Thomas, Phillipe Delahaut, And Alain Bosseloir, Wilhelm SchanzerAbstract:Synthetic Insulins such as Humalog Lispro, Novolog Aspart, or Lantus Glargine, are commonly employed for the treatment of Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus owing to convenient handling and fast or prolonged bioavailability. However, the misuse of Insulin in sports has been reported often, and the international doping control system requires a reliable and robust assay to determine the presence or absence of related drugs prohibited by the World Anti-Doping Agency. Qualitative evidence of administered substances, which is preferably obtained by mass spectrometry, is of utmost importance. Plasma specimens of 2 mL were fortified with three Synthetic Insulin analogues and purified by immunoaffinity chromatography, and extracts were analyzed by microbore liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. Product ion scan experiments of intact proteins enabled the differentiation between endogenously produced Insulin and its Synthetic analogues by collisionally activated dissociation of multiply charged prec...
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Qualitative determination of Synthetic analogues of Insulin in human plasma by immunoaffinity purification and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for doping control purposes.
Analytical chemistry, 2005Co-Authors: Mario Thevis, Andreas Thomas, Phillipe Delahaut, And Alain Bosseloir, Wilhelm SchanzerAbstract:Synthetic Insulins such as Humalog Lispro, Novolog Aspart, or Lantus Glargine, are commonly employed for the treatment of Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus owing to convenient handling and fast or prolonged bioavailability. However, the misuse of Insulin in sports has been reported often, and the international doping control system requires a reliable and robust assay to determine the presence or absence of related drugs prohibited by the World Anti-Doping Agency. Qualitative evidence of administered substances, which is preferably obtained by mass spectrometry, is of utmost importance. Plasma specimens of 2 mL were fortified with three Synthetic Insulin analogues and purified by immunoaffinity chromatography, and extracts were analyzed by microbore liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. Product ion scan experiments of intact proteins enabled the differentiation between endogenously produced Insulin and its Synthetic analogues by collisionally activated dissociation of multiply charged precursor ions. This top-down sequencing-based assay allows the assignment of individual fragment ions, in particular, of those comprising modifications that are originating from C-termini of B-chains. Recoveries of Synthetic Insulins from plasma aliquots ranged from 91 to 98%, and detection limits were accomplished at 0.5 ng/mL for all target analytes.
Frank Musshoff - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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simultaneous determination and validated quantification of human Insulin and its Synthetic analogues in human blood serum by immunoaffinity purification and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 2012Co-Authors: Cornelius Hess, Wulf Quester, Mario Thevis, Andreas Thomas, Burkhard Madea, Diethelm Tschoepe, Bernd Stratmann, Frank MusshoffAbstract:Possible fatal complications of human Insulin and its Synthetic analogues like hypoglycemia require precise classification and quantitative determination of these drugs both for clinical purposes as well as for forensic toxicologists. A procedure was developed for the identification and quantification of human Insulin and different long-acting as well as short-acting Synthetic Insulins in human blood serum specimens. After an immunoaffinity purification step and separation by liquid chromatography, the Insulins were characterized by their five- or sixfold protonated molecule ions and diagnostic product ions. Clinical samples of 207 diabetic and 50 non-diabetic patients after the administration of human Insulin or oral antidiabetics and forensic samples were analyzed for human/Synthetic Insulin concentrations. The method was validated according to international guidelines. Limits of detection of the Insulins ranged between 1.3 and 2.8 μU/ml. Recoveries ranged between 33.2 % and 51.7 %. Precision data was in accordance with international guidelines. Clinical samples showed concentrations of human Insulin lower than 301 μU/ml. Our liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry procedure allows unambiguous identification and quantification of the intact human Insulin and its intact Synthetic analogues Humalog®, Novolog®, Apidra®, Lantus®, and Levemir® in human blood serum in clinical and overdose cases. The assay could be successfully tested in patients with diabetes mellitus on therapy with Insulins or oral antidiabetics.
