The Experts below are selected from a list of 87669 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Victoria Pope - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Syphilis fast latex agglutination test a rapid confirmatory test
Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, 2001Co-Authors: Martha B Fears, Victoria PopeAbstract:Using 255 serum samples with various reactivities, we evaluated the Syphilis Fast latex agglutination test (Syphilis Fast) against the Treponema pallidum particle agglutination test (TP-PA) for confirming a diagnosis of Syphilis. We found 98.8% agreement between the Syphilis Fast and the TP-PA. The Syphilis Fast, however, had a couple of advantages over the TP-PA: the test takes only 8 min to perform and produces results that are easy to read. It appears to be a good confirmatory test for Syphilis, especially for point-of-care clinics such as prenatal or sexually transmitted disease clinics.
Gabriela Pazbailey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Syphilis screening and diagnosis among men who have sex with men 2008 2014 20 u s cities
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 2017Co-Authors: Qian An, Cyprian Wejnert, Kyle T Bernstein, Gabriela PazbaileyAbstract:BACKGROUND: Annual screening for Syphilis is indicated for all sexually active men who have sex with men (MSM). METHODS: Using National HIV Behavioral Surveillance data from 2008, 2011, and 2014, we assessed trends in self-reported Syphilis testing and diagnoses in the past 12 months among MSM. We calculated percentages of Syphilis screening and diagnosis by selected characteristics for each year. Trends were assessed using Poisson regression models with generalized estimation equations. Analysis of Syphilis diagnosis was limited to participants who reported Syphilis screening. RESULTS: Analysis included data from 28,295 sexually active MSM. Overall, 49% of MSM interviewed in 2014 reported Syphilis screening, a significant increase from 40% in 2011 and 38% in 2008. In 2014, Syphilis screening was most commonly reported by MSM who were aged 25-29 years (56%), HIV positive (68%), and had >10 sexual partners in the past 12 months (65%). The largest increases in Syphilis screening between 2008 and 2014 were among MSM aged 30-39 years (37%-52%) and MSM who reported >10 sex partners (48%-65%). Among MSM who reported Syphilis screening, the diagnoses of Syphilis increased from 9% in 2008 to 11% in 2014. Increases in Syphilis diagnosis were observed among MSM who were aged 25-29 years (6%-10%), black (9%-14%), HIV positive (15%-21%), and reported >10 sexual partners (11%-17%). CONCLUSIONS: Although Syphilis screening among MSM increased during 2008-2014, less than half of MSM reported recent Syphilis screening in 2014. Given continued increases in Syphilis among MSM, innovative interventions are needed to improve compliance with screening recommendations.
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Syphilis trends among men who have sex with men in the united states and western europe a systematic review of trend studies published between 2004 and 2015
PLOS ONE, 2016Co-Authors: Winston E Abara, Kyle T Bernstein, Kristen L Hess, Robyn Neblett Fanfair, Gabriela PazbaileyAbstract:Globally, men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately burdened with Syphilis. This review describes the published literature on trends in Syphilis infections among MSM in the US and Western Europe from 1998, the period with the fewest Syphilis infections in both geographical areas, onwards. We also describe disparities in Syphilis trends among various sub-populations of MSM. We searched electronic databases (Medline, Embase, Global Health, PsychInfo, CAB Abstracts, CINAHL, Sociological Abstracts, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and LILACS) for peer-reviewed journal articles that were published between January 2004 and June 2015 and reported on Syphilis cases among MSM at multiple time points from 1998 onwards. Ten articles (12 Syphilis trend studies/reports) from the US and eight articles (12 Syphilis trend studies/reports) from Western Europe were identified and included in this review. Taken together, our findings indicate an increase in the numbers and rates (per 100,000) of Syphilis infections among MSM in the US and Western Europe since 1998. Disparities in the Syphilis trends among MSM were also noted, with greater increases observed among HIV-positive MSM than HIV-negative MSM in both the US and Western Europe. In the US, racial minority MSM and MSM between 20 and 29 years accounted for the greatest increases in Syphilis infections over time whereas White MSM accounted for most Syphilis infections over time in Western Europe. Multiple strategies, including strengthening and targeting current Syphilis screening and testing programs, and the prompt treatment of Syphilis cases are warranted to address the increase in Syphilis infections among all MSM in the US and Western Europe, but particularly among HIV-infected MSM, racial minority MSM, and young MSM in the US.
Sevgi O Aral - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Changes in the state-level distribution of primary and secondary Syphilis in the USA, 1985-2007.
Sexually transmitted infections, 2010Co-Authors: Harrell W Chesson, Maya Sternberg, Jami S Leichliter, Sevgi O AralAbstract:To examine changes over time in the distribution of primary and secondary Syphilis cases across states, using Lorenz curves and Gini coefficients. For each year from 1985 to 2007, the Gini coefficient for the state-level distribution of male and female Syphilis cases was calculated. The Gini coefficient can range from 0 (indicating equality in Syphilis rates across states) to 1 (indicating complete inequality such that all Syphilis cases occur in one state). The Gini coefficients for men are notably lower (indicating more equality in the distribution of Syphilis across states) in recent years (in which men who have sex with men (MSM) account for most Syphilis cases) than in the heterosexual epidemic of the late 1980s and early 1990s. Although Syphilis rates in men were similar in 1995 and 2007 (6.7 and 6.6 per 100,000, respectively), the Gini coefficient for male Syphilis decreased from 0.523 in 1995 to 0.333 in 2007. For Syphilis in women, Gini coefficients have not shown the same degree of decline. The spread of MSM Syphilis cases to urban areas across the nation is likely to be a main cause of the decreased concentration of male Syphilis cases across states from 1995 to 2007.
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Changes in the state-level distribution of primary and secondary Syphilis in the USA, 1985–2007
Sexually Transmitted Infections, 2010Co-Authors: Harrell W Chesson, Jami S Leichliter, Maya R Sternberg, Sevgi O AralAbstract:Objectives To examine changes over time in the distribution of primary and secondary Syphilis cases across states, using Lorenz curves and Gini coefficients. Methods For each year from 1985 to 2007, the Gini coefficient for the state-level distribution of male and female Syphilis cases was calculated. The Gini coefficient can range from 0 (indicating equality in Syphilis rates across states) to 1 (indicating complete inequality such that all Syphilis cases occur in one state). Results The Gini coefficients for men are notably lower (indicating more equality in the distribution of Syphilis across states) in recent years (in which men who have sex with men (MSM) account for most Syphilis cases) than in the heterosexual epidemic of the late 1980s and early 1990s. Although Syphilis rates in men were similar in 1995 and 2007 (6.7 and 6.6 per 100 000, respectively), the Gini coefficient for male Syphilis decreased from 0.523 in 1995 to 0.333 in 2007. For Syphilis in women, Gini coefficients have not shown the same degree of decline. Conclusions The spread of MSM Syphilis cases to urban areas across the nation is likely to be a main cause of the decreased concentration of male Syphilis cases across states from 1995 to 2007.
Basil Donovan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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increased Syphilis testing of men who have sex with men greater detection of asymptomatic early Syphilis and relative reduction in secondary Syphilis
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2017Co-Authors: Eric P F Chow, Christopher K. Fairley, Basil Donovan, Denton Callander, Lei Zhang, Rebecca Guy, David A Lewis, Margaret HellardAbstract:Background Syphilis rates have increased markedly among men who have sex with men (MSM) internationally. We examined trends in Syphilis testing and detection of early Syphilis among MSM in Australia. Methods Serial cross-sectional analyses on Syphilis testing and diagnoses among MSM attending a national sentinel network of 46 clinics in Australia between 2007 and 2014. Results 359313 clinic visits were included. The proportion of MSM serologically tested for Syphilis annually increased in HIV-negative (48% to 91%; Ptrend < .0001) and HIV-positive MSM (42% to 77%; Ptrend < .0001). The mean number of tests per man per year increased from 1.3 to 1.6 in HIV-negative MSM (Ptrend < .0001) and from 1.6 to 2.3 in HIV-positive MSM (Ptrend < .0001). 2799 and 1032 Syphilis cases were detected in HIV-negative and HIV-positive MSM, respectively. Among HIV-negative MSM, the proportion of infections that were early latent increased from 27% to 44% (Ptrend < .0001), while the proportion that were secondary decreased from 24% to 19% (Ptrend = .030). Among HIV-positive MSM, early latent infections increased from 23% to 45% (Ptrend < .0001), while secondary infections decreased from 45% to 26% (Ptrend = .0003). Among HIV-positive MSM, decreasing secondary Syphilis correlated with increasing testing coverage (r = -0.87; P = .005) or frequency (r = -0.93; P = .001). Conclusions Increases in Syphilis screening were associated with increased detection of asymptomatic infectious Syphilis and relative falls in secondary Syphilis for both HIV-positive and HIV-negative MSM nationally, suggesting interruption of Syphilis progression.
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epidemic Syphilis among homosexually active men in sydney
The Medical Journal of Australia, 2005Co-Authors: Fengyi Jin, Garrett Prestage, John M Kaldor, Andrew E Grulich, Susan Kippax, Catherine M Pell, Basil DonovanAbstract:Objectives: To describe trends in the notification of infectious Syphilis in New South Wales, the characteristics of homosexually active men recently notified with early Syphilis, and the seroprevalence and incidence of Syphilis, as well as associated risk factors, in a Sydney cohort of HIV-negative homosexually active men. Design, setting and participants: Secondary analysis of New South Wales infectious Syphilis surveillance data from 1998 to 2003; a case series of 57 homosexually active men diagnosed with early Syphilis in inner Sydney from December 2002 to January 2004; and a prospective cohort study of Syphilis among 1333 HIV-negative homosexually active men in Sydney recruited from June 2001 to December 2003. Main outcome measures: Rates of notification of infectious Syphilis in New South Wales and in areas of inner Sydney; behavioural and clinical features of men with Syphilis in the case series; and incidence of Syphilis and hazard ratios (HRs) associated with sexual behaviours in the cohort study. Results: Infectious Syphilis notifications in inner Sydney rose more than 10-fold (from 6 in 1999 to 162 in 2003), and the increase was confined to men. Of 57 men with early Syphilis in the case series, 54% were HIV-positive and 32% reported no symptoms of Syphilis. These 57 men were highly sexually active and likely to report recreational drug use. In the cohort study, 1292 men (97% of participants) consented to Syphilis testing; the incidence of Syphilis was 0.78 per 100 person-years, and risk factors included reporting unprotected anal intercourse with HIV-positive partners (HR, 5.31; 95% Cl, 2.00-184.93) and insertive oral sex (HR, 4.55; 95% Cl, 1.14-18.18). Conclusion: Syphilis has been re-established among homosexually active men in Sydney, and HIV-positive men are over-represented. Frequent screening is needed in this population to curb the transmission of both Syphilis and HIV.
Sarah Hawkes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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untreated maternal Syphilis and adverse outcomes of pregnancy a systematic review and meta analysis
Bulletin of The World Health Organization, 2013Co-Authors: Gabriela B Gomez, Mary L Kamb, Nathalie Broutet, Lori M Newman, Jennifer Mark, Sarah HawkesAbstract:OBJECTIVE: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of reported estimates of adverse pregnancy outcomes among untreated women with Syphilis and women without Syphilis. METHODS: PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Libraries were searched for literature assessing adverse pregnancy outcomes among untreated women with seroreactivity for Treponema pallidum infection and non-seroreactive women. Adverse pregnancy outcomes were fetal loss or stillbirth, neonatal death, prematurity or low birth weight, clinical evidence of Syphilis and infant death. Random-effects meta-analyses were used to calculate pooled estimates of adverse pregnancy outcomes and, where appropriate, heterogeneity was explored in group-specific analyses. FINDINGS: Of the 3258 citations identified, only six, all case-control studies, were included in the analysis. Pooled estimates showed that among untreated pregnant women with Syphilis, fetal loss and stillbirth were 21% more frequent, neonatal deaths were 9.3% more frequent and prematurity or low birth weight were 5.8% more frequent than among women without Syphilis. Of the infants of mothers with untreated Syphilis, 15% had clinical evidence of congenital Syphilis. The single study that estimated infant death showed a 10% higher frequency among infants of mothers with Syphilis. Substantial heterogeneity was found across studies in the estimates of all adverse outcomes for both women with Syphilis (66.5% [95% confidence interval, CI: 58.0-74.1]; I(2) = 91.8%; P < 0.001) and women without Syphilis (14.3% [95% CI: 11.8-17.2]; I(2) = 95.9%; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Untreated maternal Syphilis is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. These findings can inform policy decisions on resource allocation for the detection of Syphilis and its timely treatment in pregnant women.
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the global elimination of congenital Syphilis rationale and strategy for action
2007Co-Authors: S Meredith, Sarah Hawkes, George P Schmid, Nathalie BroutetAbstract:Since the advent of penicillin Syphilis is not only preventable but also treatable. Despite this it remains a global problem with an estimated 12 million people infected each year. Pregnant women who are infected with Syphilis can transmit the infection to their fetus causing congenital Syphilis with serious adverse effects on the pregnancy in up to 80% of the cases. Yet simple cost-effective screening and treatment options could prevent and eventually eliminate congenital Syphilis. With the current international focus on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) there exists a unique opportunity to mobilize action to prevent and subsequently eliminate congenital Syphilis. Congenital Syphilis is a serious but preventable disease which can be eliminated through effective screening of pregnant women for Syphilis and treatment of those infected. More newborn infants are affected by congenital Syphilis than by any other neonatal infection including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and tetanus which are currently receiving global attention. Yet the burden of congenital Syphilis is still under-appreciated at both international and national levels. Unlike many neonatal infections congenital Syphilis can be effectively prevented by testing and treatment of pregnant women which also provides immediate benefits to the mother and allows potentially infected partners to be traced and offered treatment. It has been clearly shown that screening of pregnant women for reactive Syphilis serology followed by treatment of seropositive women is a cost-effective inexpensive and feasible intervention for the prevention of congenital Syphilis and improvement of child health. In 1995 the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) began a regional campaign to reduce the rate of congenital Syphilis in the Americas to less than 50 cases per 100 000 live births. The strategy was to: (1) increase the availability of antenatal care; (2) establish routine serological testing for Syphilis during antenatal careand at delivery; and (3) promote the rapid treatment of infected pregnant women. (excerpt)
