The Experts below are selected from a list of 126 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Domenico D'avella - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Hydromyelia associated with spinal lipoma of the conus: case report.
Spine, 2010Co-Authors: R Faggin, Paola Drigo, Luca Denaro, Stefano Sartori, Domenico D'avellaAbstract:STUDY DESIGN: A case report and literature review of the treatment of "noncommunicating" syringomyelia. OBJECTIVE.: The aim of this report is to document the timing and the treatment of hydromyelia holocord after surgical treatment for both tethering and retethering of spinal lipoma. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Syringomyelia associated with spinal lipoma presents a different pathogenesis and treatment in comparison to the "communicating" hydromyelia in the myelomeningocele. After the primary retethering operation performed in symptomatic patients, recurrent retethering can occur with an increase of the syringomyelia signs and symptoms. METHODS: Syringomyelia treated with a thin silastic tube passed from the syrinx to the subarachnoidal space for drainage and decompression. Prior operations were: (1) initial untethering at birth, (2) second untethering at 5 years of age, (3) posterior fossa and cervical decompression. RESULTS: Magnetic resonance imaging 6 months post shunt operation demonstrated decompression of the hydromyelia holocord and Syringobulbia with improvement of motor function of the legs and improvement in sensory symptoms. CONCLUSION: Usefulness of syrinx-subarachnoidal shunt is demonstrated in this case report after unsuccessful decompression and detethering. When the enlargement of the ependymal channel is greater than 50% of the spinal cord's diameter, neurologic, and urological symptoms are evident and the patient benefitted from cord untethering and syrinx drainage. (1) The terminal "noncommunicating" syringomyelia in lumbar sacral lipoma has been reported to be associated with retethering in spinal lipoma in the 25% of the cases. (2) The rise of distal syringomyelia isn't only linked to the kind of the spinal lipoma, but also to the difficulty to obtain the untethering and a smooth cerebrospinal fluid flow between the subarachnoidal space and the ependymal canal. (3) In patients with hydromyelia holocord greater than the 50% of the spinal cord's diameter a myelotomy and insert an ependymal channel/syrinx to the subarachnoidal space shunt can resolve of the syrinx. In this case, the enlargement of the ependymal channel in "noncommunicating" syringomyelia associated with lumbosacral lipoma is greater than 50% of the spinal cord's diameter; neurologic and urological symptoms occurred and the patient benefited from cord untethering and concurrent syrinx drainage.
Gordan Grahovac - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
conus medullaris arteriovenous malformation presenting with acute dysphagia and intractable hiccups
World Neurosurgery, 2018Co-Authors: Josephine Jung, Ahilan Kailayavasan, Christopher Kellett, Fadi Almahariq, Gordan GrahovacAbstract:Background Conus medullaris arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are rare spinal vascular malformations presenting most frequently with features of myelopathy (Foix-Alajounine syndrome), radiculopathy, bowel/bladder dysfunction, or acute spinal hemorrhage (Coup de poignard of Michon) causing profound neurological deficit. Here we present the case of a young patient with progressive dysphagia and intractable hiccups as a rare first presentation symptom of later verified conus medullaris AVM. Case Description A 21-year-old male patient presented with acute onset of dysphagia and persistent hiccups. His magnetic resonance imaging of the spine demonstrated a lesion at the T11 and T12 levels with an associated holocord syrinx and Syringobulbia to the level of the medulla. The patient underwent a decompressive suboccipital craniectomy and C1 (atlas) laminectomy with wide myelotomy of the medulla followed by T11 and T12 laminectomy and AVM reduction. Two days after partial AVM occlusion the patient developed transient worsening of his symptoms. Repeat magnetic resonance imaging showed recurrence of dilatation of the central canal. A syringo-subarachnoid shunt was sited at the level of the previous myelotomy of the medulla, after which his neurological symptoms resolved completely. Conclusions This is the first case report in the English literature to date of a conus AVM presenting with intractable hiccups. These are extremely rare sporadic vascular malformations, and although their natural history is poorly understood, symptomatic patients generally deteriorate, culminating in severe disability. Management requires a multimodality approach including combined endovascular and microsurgical treatment. The patient in our case made a full recovery confirmed at 2-year follow-up.
Keisuke Takai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
retro odontoid pseudotumor two cases of intradural ganglion cysts arising from the odontoid process with Syringobulbia
World Neurosurgery, 2020Co-Authors: Ryota Miyazawa, Satoru Miyawaki, Keisuke Yamada, Shiori Amemiya, Masako Ikemura, Munetoshi Hinata, Hiroki Uchikawa, Taketo Shiode, Taichi Kin, Keisuke TakaiAbstract:Background Ganglion cysts mostly occur in the knuckles and wrists, but they rarely present in the odontoid process and can cause neurological symptoms by compressing the spinal cord. They are mostly localized in the epidural space, but may very rarely appear in the intradural space. There are no reports of cases of intradural ganglion cyst involving Syringobulbia. Case Description We report the presentation and management of 2 cases of an intradural ganglion cyst of the odontoid process. Several treatment options for ganglion cysts of the odontoid process have been reported, such as rest and use of a neck collar, posterior decompression and fusion, and transoral anterior decompression. Because our 2 cases progressed rapidly and had severe neurological symptoms, surgical treatment was performed for rapid decompression and definitive pathological diagnosis. The mass was resected as much as possible using the lateral occipital fossa approach, and the operation was completed without dissection of the brain stem or manipulation of the Syringobulbia. Postoperatively, neurological symptoms promptly improved, and the Syringobulbia reduced. Conclusions For intradural ganglion cysts with Syringobulbia, we suggest relief of the compression by resection of the mass and treatment of the Syringobulbia in 2 stages, if necessary, to avoid the risk of damage to the brainstem.
R Faggin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Hydromyelia associated with spinal lipoma of the conus: case report.
Spine, 2010Co-Authors: R Faggin, Paola Drigo, Luca Denaro, Stefano Sartori, Domenico D'avellaAbstract:STUDY DESIGN: A case report and literature review of the treatment of "noncommunicating" syringomyelia. OBJECTIVE.: The aim of this report is to document the timing and the treatment of hydromyelia holocord after surgical treatment for both tethering and retethering of spinal lipoma. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Syringomyelia associated with spinal lipoma presents a different pathogenesis and treatment in comparison to the "communicating" hydromyelia in the myelomeningocele. After the primary retethering operation performed in symptomatic patients, recurrent retethering can occur with an increase of the syringomyelia signs and symptoms. METHODS: Syringomyelia treated with a thin silastic tube passed from the syrinx to the subarachnoidal space for drainage and decompression. Prior operations were: (1) initial untethering at birth, (2) second untethering at 5 years of age, (3) posterior fossa and cervical decompression. RESULTS: Magnetic resonance imaging 6 months post shunt operation demonstrated decompression of the hydromyelia holocord and Syringobulbia with improvement of motor function of the legs and improvement in sensory symptoms. CONCLUSION: Usefulness of syrinx-subarachnoidal shunt is demonstrated in this case report after unsuccessful decompression and detethering. When the enlargement of the ependymal channel is greater than 50% of the spinal cord's diameter, neurologic, and urological symptoms are evident and the patient benefitted from cord untethering and syrinx drainage. (1) The terminal "noncommunicating" syringomyelia in lumbar sacral lipoma has been reported to be associated with retethering in spinal lipoma in the 25% of the cases. (2) The rise of distal syringomyelia isn't only linked to the kind of the spinal lipoma, but also to the difficulty to obtain the untethering and a smooth cerebrospinal fluid flow between the subarachnoidal space and the ependymal canal. (3) In patients with hydromyelia holocord greater than the 50% of the spinal cord's diameter a myelotomy and insert an ependymal channel/syrinx to the subarachnoidal space shunt can resolve of the syrinx. In this case, the enlargement of the ependymal channel in "noncommunicating" syringomyelia associated with lumbosacral lipoma is greater than 50% of the spinal cord's diameter; neurologic and urological symptoms occurred and the patient benefited from cord untethering and concurrent syrinx drainage.
David N Levine - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
the pathogenesis of syringomyelia associated with lesions at the foramen magnum a critical review of existing theories and proposal of a new hypothesis
Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 2004Co-Authors: David N LevineAbstract:Abstract Syringomyelia is frequently accompanied by an extramedullary lesion at the foramen magnum, particularly a Chiari I malformation. Although syringomyelia associated with foramen magnum obstruction has characteristic clinical, radiological, and neuropathological features, its pathogenesis remains unclear. Currently prevalent hydrodynamical theories assert that obstruction of the subarachnoid space at the foramen magnum interferes with flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) between the spinal and the intracranial subarachnoid compartments. As a result, spinal CSF is driven into the spinal cord through the perivascular spaces to form a syrinx. These theories are implausible biophysically because none postulates a pump adequate to drive fluid through these spaces. None of the theories can explain why syrinx pressure is higher than CSF pressure; why extensive gliosis, edema, and vascular wall thickening regularly occur; and why the composition of syrinx fluid is not identical with that of CSF. A new theory of pathogenesis is proposed to address these difficulties. In the presence of subarachnoid obstruction at the foramen magnum, a variety of activities, such as assuming the erect posture, coughing or straining, and pulsatile fluctuations of CSF pressure during the cardiac cycle, produce transiently higher CSF pressure above the block than below it. There are corresponding changes in transmural venous and capillary pressure favoring dilation of vessels below the block and collapse of vessels above the block. The spatially uneven change of vessel caliber produces mechanical stress on the spinal cord, particularly caudal to the block. The mechanical stress, coupled with venous and capillary dilation, partially disrupt the blood–spinal cord barrier, allowing ultrafiltration of crystalloids and accumulation of a protein-poor fluid. The proposed theory is consistent with the neuropathological findings in syringomyelia and with the pressure and composition of syrinx fluid. It also accounts for the prolonged course of syringomyelia and its aggravation by cough, strain, and assumption of an erect posture. It contributes to understanding the low incidence and the morphology of Syringobulbia. It explains the poorly understood presentation of foramen magnum meningiomas with symptoms of a mid- to low-cervical myelopathy. The theory also affords an understanding of the late recurrence of symptoms in children with hydromyelia who are treated with a ventricular shunt.
