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Christian R. Vogl - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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tamarind tamarindus indica l in the traditional west african diet not just a famine food
Fruits, 2011Co-Authors: Chrisitine Van Der Stege, Anna Hartl, Sarah Prehsler, Christian R. VoglAbstract:Introduction . Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) is a multipurpose, tropical fruit tree originating in Africa. Although the main commercial production of tamarind fruits takes place in Asia and America, tamarind plays an essential subsistence role in rural West Africa. This study highlights the importance of tamarind in traditional diets of rural communities in Benin, Mali and Senegal. Methods . Ethnobotanical field data was gathered through structured individual interviews, semi-structured group discussions, agricultural calendars and participatory mapping with 220 informants of eleven ethnic groups across four agroecological zones. Data was processed by quantitative and qualitative analytical methods. Results . Tamarind adds vitamins and minerals, as well as the traditionally appreciated sour taste, to drinks and meals. It is consumed daily and year-round by many rural West Africans. Ethnic similarities and differences in food use patterns of tamarind highlight the importance of tamarind in West African subsistence. The results include detailed descriptions of tamarind processing and traditional meal preparations of tamarind fruits, seeds, flowers and leaves. Conclusions . Documentation of local knowledge on tamarind processing and uses is needed to assist local and regional promotion and domestication efforts of tamarind to prevent a further decline in tamarind tree populations. High local use and demand for tamarind fruits and leaves in subsistence should stimulate the development of sustainable production as well as conservation efforts, in order to secure a continued harvest and satisfy local demand for this important traditional food in the future
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tamarindus indica l fabaceae patterns of use in traditional african medicine
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2010Co-Authors: Reinout Havinga, Anna Hartl, Johanna Putscher, Sarah Prehsler, Christine Buchmann, Christian R. VoglAbstract:To increase the understanding of the ethnopharmacology of a single species, elaboration of dispersed primary data is required. Tamarindus indica L. (Fabaceae), or tamarind, is a common tree, especially in West Africa, with a good potential to contribute to affordable local health care based on traditional medicine (TM). For this single species review, more than 60 references with detailed information on the ethnopharmacology of Tamarindus indica in the African context were selected. It showed that most prominently, the fruits are used as laxative or febrifuge throughout the Sahel and Soudan ecological zones. Tamarind bark and leaves are often involved in the treatment of wounds, especially in central West Africa. While the bark is used to treat diarrhoea in West Africa, the leaves are used for this purpose in East Africa. Our findings suggest a difference in the way tamarind is used between East and West Africa and we assess the similarities of its uses within those regions. This review demonstrates the capability of literature research to reveal knowledge by mining and compiling information from the growing body of primary ethnopharmacologic data, much of which is published in this journal. By creating a specific profile of tamarind in the context of traditional medicine throughout Africa, the authors contribute to the collection of current ethnobotanic species accounts on Tamarindus indica that tend to be qualitative and more general.
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tamarindus indica l fabaceae patterns of use in traditional african medicine
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2010Co-Authors: Reinout Havinga, Anna Hartl, Johanna Putscher, Sarah Prehsler, Christine Buchmann, Christian R. VoglAbstract:To increase the understanding of the ethnopharmacology of a single species, elaboration of dispersed primary data is required. Tamarindus indica L. (Fabaceae), or tamarind, is a common tree, especially in West Africa, with a good potential to contribute to affordable local health care based on traditional medicine (TM). For this single species review, more than 60 references with detailed information on the ethnopharmacology of Tamarindus indica in the African context were selected. It showed that most prominently, the fruits are used as laxative or febrifuge throughout the Sahel and Soudan ecological zones. Tamarind bark and leaves are often involved in the treatment of wounds, especially in central West Africa. While the bark is used to treat diarrhoea in West Africa, the leaves are used for this purpose in East Africa. Our findings suggest a difference in the way tamarind is used between East and West Africa and we assess the similarities of its uses within those regions. This review demonstrates the capability of literature research to reveal knowledge by mining and compiling information from the growing body of primary ethnopharmacologic data, much of which is published in this journal. By creating a specific profile of tamarind in the context of traditional medicine throughout Africa, the authors contribute to the collection of current ethnobotanic species accounts on Tamarindus indica that tend to be qualitative and more general.
Nurhasni N. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Penggunaan Biji Asam Jawa (Tamarindus Indica L.) Dan Biji Kecipir (Psophocarpus Tetragonolobus L.) Sebagai Koagulan Alami Dalam Perbaikan Kualitas Air Tanah
Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta, 2013Co-Authors: Hendrawati H., Syamsumarsih D., Nurhasni N.Abstract:Penggunaan Biji Asam Jawa (Tamarindus indica L.) dan Biji Kecipir (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.) Sebagai Koagulan Alami dalam Perbaikan Kualitas Air Tanah telah dilakukan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan serbuk biji asam jawa dan biji kecipir sebagai biokoagulan untuk memperbaiki kualitas air dan pengaruhnya terhadap parameter kualitas air, yang meliputi: temperatur, pH, konduktivitas, kekeruhan, oksigen terlarut, kandungan logam berat, dan total koliform. Hasil jar test diperoleh dosis optimum 0,009% (penurunan turbiditas 99,72%) untuk biji asam jawa dan 0,03% (penurunan turbiditas 92,03%) untuk ekstrak biji kecipir. Nilai pH optimum diperoleh pada pH 3 untuk kedua jenis biokoagulan. Penggunaan ekstrak biji asam jawa dan biji kecipir dan tidak memberikan pengaruh yang berarti terhadap parameter temperatur, pH, konduktivitas,dan logam berat. Penggunaan ekstrak biji kecipir dan biji asam jawa tidak menurunkan angka BOD. Ekstrak biji asam jawa mampu menurunkan angka total koliform sedangkan ekstrak biji kecipir tidak efektif dalam menurunkan angka total koliform. Kata Kunci: Koagulasi, Asam jawa (Tamarindus indica L.), Kecipir (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.), Jar test, Air tanah, MPN.Abstrack The Use of Tamarind Seeds (Tamarindus indica L.) and Winged Bean Seeds (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.) As Natural Coagulant in Groundwater Quality Improvementhas been done. The aims of this study is to determine the ability of tamarind seeds and winged bean seeds as biocoagulant to improve water quality and its effect on water quality parameters, which include: temperature, pH, conductivity, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, heavy metal content, and total coliform. Jar test results obtained optimum dose of 0.009% (99.72% reduction in turbidity) to tamarind seeds and 0.03% (92.03% reduction in turbidity) to winged bean seeds. The optimum pH obtained at pH 3 for both types of biocoagulant. The use of tamarind seeds and winged bean seeds does not have much influence on the parameters of temperature, pH, conductivity, and heavy metals. They also did not reduce the number of BOD. Tamarind seeds reduce the number of total coliform while winged bean seeds are not effective in reducing the number of total coliform
Nurhasni Nurhasni - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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penggunaan biji asam jawa tamarindus indica l dan biji kecipir psophocarpus tetragonolobus l sebagai koagulan alami dalam perbaikan kualitas air tanah
Jurnal Kimia VALENSI, 2013Co-Authors: Hendrawati Hendrawati, Delsy Syamsumarsih, Nurhasni NurhasniAbstract:Abstrak Penggunaan Biji Asam Jawa ( Tamarindus indica L . ) dan Biji Kecipir ( Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.) Sebagai Koagulan Alami dalam Perbaikan Kualitas Air Tanah telah dilakukan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan serbuk biji asam jawa dan biji kecipir sebagai biokoagulan untuk memperbaiki kualitas air dan pengaruhnya terhadap parameter kualitas air, yang meliputi: temperatur, pH, konduktivitas, kekeruhan, oksigen terlarut, kandungan logam berat, dan total koliform. Hasil jar test diperoleh dosis optimum 0,009% (penurunan turbiditas 99,72%) untuk biji asam jawa dan 0,03% (penurunan turbiditas 92,03%) untuk ekstrak biji kecipir. Nilai pH optimum diperoleh pada pH 3 untuk kedua jenis biokoagulan. Penggunaan ekstrak biji asam jawa dan biji kecipir dan tidak memberikan pengaruh yang berarti terhadap parameter temperatur, pH, konduktivitas,dan logam berat. Penggunaan ekstrak biji kecipir dan biji asam jawa tidak menurunkan angka BOD. Ekstrak biji asam jawa mampu menurunkan angka total koliform sedangkan ekstrak biji kecipir tidak efektif dalam menurunkan angka total koliform. Kata Kunci : Koagulasi, Asam jawa ( Tamarindus indica L.), Kecipir ( Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.), Jar test , Air tanah, MPN. Abstrack The Use of Tamarind Seeds ( Tamarindus indica L.) and Winged Bean Seeds ( Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L . ) As Natural Coagulant in Groundwater Quality Improvementhas been done. The aims of this study is to determine the ability of tamarind seeds and winged bean seeds as biocoagulant to improve water quality and its effect on water quality parameters, which include: temperature, pH, conductivity, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, heavy metal content, and total coliform. Jar test results obtained optimum dose of 0.009% (99.72% reduction in turbidity) to tamarind seeds and 0.03% (92.03% reduction in turbidity) to winged bean seeds. The optimum pH obtained at pH 3 for both types of biocoagulant. The use of tamarind seeds and winged bean seeds does not have much influence on the parameters of temperature, pH, conductivity, and heavy metals. They also did not reduce the number of BOD. Tamarind seeds reduce the number of total coliform while winged bean seeds are not effective in reducing the number of total coliform. Keywords : Coagulation, Tamarind ( Tamarindus indica L . ), Winged bean ( Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.), Jar test , Groundwater, MPN.
Kousik Santra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Screening of polysaccharides from tamarind, fenugreek and jackfruit seeds as pharmaceutical excipients
International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2015Co-Authors: Amit Kumar Nayak, Dilipkumar Pal, Kousik SantraAbstract:The paper describes the isolation and screening of plant polysaccharides namely tamarind seed polysaccharide (TSP), fenugreek seed mucilage (FSM) and jackfruit seed starch (JFSS) from tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) seeds, fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) seeds and jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus L.) seeds, respectively. The yields of isolated dried TSP, FSM and JFSS were 47.00%, 17.36% and 18.86%, respectively. Various physicochemical properties like colour, odour, taste, solubility in water, pH and viscosity of these isolated plant polysaccharides were assessed. Isolated polysaccharide samples were subjected to some phytochemical identification tests. FTIR and 1H NMR analyses of isolated polysaccharides were performed, which suggest the presence of sugar residues. Isolated TSP, FSM and JFSS can be used as pharmaceutical excipients in various pharmaceutical formulations.
Pramendra Kumar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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design of nanostructured tamarind seed kernel polysaccharide silica hybrids for mercury ii removal
Separation Science and Technology, 2011Co-Authors: Vandana Singh, Pramendra KumarAbstract:Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) seed kernel polysaccharide-silica (TKP-Si) nanohybrids have been fabricated in a base catalyzed sol-gel reaction where tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) and tamarind kernel polysaccharide were used as silica precursor and template respectively. The nanohybrids were found to be photoluminescent and efficient in Hg(II) removal from the synthetic aqueous solution. The synthesized nanohybrids were characterized using Fourier Transform Infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA), and Photoluminescence (PL) analysis. For obtaining the most efficient sample in terms of mercury (II) binding, various ratios of reactants (Polysaccharide: TEOS: H2O: EtOH) were used and the optimum sample thus obtained was calcined at 200°C (in air) to further enhance its binding performance. A mechanism for the sorption of Hg(II) by the optimum hybrid sample (TH1) has been proposed and to...
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design of nanostructured tamarind seed kernel polysaccharide silica hybrids for mercury ii removal
Separation Science and Technology, 2011Co-Authors: Vandana Singh, Pramendra KumarAbstract:Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) seed kernel polysaccharide-silica (TKP-Si) nanohybrids have been fabricated in a base catalyzed sol-gel reaction where tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) and tamarind kernel polysaccharide were used as silica precursor and template respectively. The nanohybrids were found to be photoluminescent and efficient in Hg(II) removal from the synthetic aqueous solution. The synthesized nanohybrids were characterized using Fourier Transform Infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA), and Photoluminescence (PL) analysis. For obtaining the most efficient sample in terms of mercury (II) binding, various ratios of reactants (Polysaccharide: TEOS: H2O: EtOH) were used and the optimum sample thus obtained was calcined at 200°C (in air) to further enhance its binding performance. A mechanism for the sorption of Hg(II) by the optimum hybrid sample (TH1) has been proposed and to...
