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Marjo Keskitalo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Variation in volatile compounds from Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare L.) related to genetic and morphological differences of genotypes.
Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 2001Co-Authors: Marjo Keskitalo, Eija Pehu, James E SimonAbstract:Air-dried flower heads of 20 Finnish Tansy genotypes were extracted with petroleum ether and analyzed using GC–MS. A total of 55 volatile compounds were detected, and 53 were identified. Of the Tansy genotypes studied, 15 were well defined and five were mixed chemotypes. Complete linkage analysis differentiated the populations into six clusters. The most frequently found monoterpene was camphor with or without several satellite compounds such as camphene, 1,8-cineole, pinocamphone, chrysanthenyl acetate, bornyl acetate and isobornyl acetate. In 13 genotypes, camphor concentration exceeded 18.5% and in seven genotypes, camphor was less than 7.2%. Other chemotypes rich in trans thujone, artemisia ketone, 1,8-cineole, or davadone-D were also identified. Davadone-D and a mixed chemotype, containing tricyclene and myrcene, were identified from a Finnish Tansy for the first time. Geographically, most chemotypes containing camphor originated from Central Finland, whereas chemotypes without camphor such as artemisia ketone, davadone D and myrcene–tricyclene originated from South or Southwest Finland. Morphologically, the 20 Tansy chemotypes based on the groups formed from complete linkage cluster analysis, were compared. The group containing the highest concentration of camphor chemotypes had the tallest shoots. The groups consisting from chemotypes containing davadone-D or artemisia ketone, which originated from Southwest Finland, produced the highest number of flower heads, had the tallest corymb, and were last to flower. Also, the group consisting from chemotypes with a high concentration of camphor and originated from South Finland started to flower late. The correlation between the genetic distance matrices based on RAPD patterns reported previously (Keskitalo et al., 1998. Theo. Appl. Genet. 96, 1141–1150.) and the chemical distance matrices of the present study of the same Tansy genotypes was highly significant (0.41, P
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Chemical and genetic characterization of calli derived from somatic hybridization between Tansy ( Tanacetum vulgare L.) and pyrethrum ( Tanacetum cinerariifolium (Trevir.) Schultz-Bip.)
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1999Co-Authors: Marjo Keskitalo, P. Angers, Elizabeth D. Earle, Eija PehuAbstract:Pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium (Trevir.) Schultz-Bip.) produces environmentally benign pesticides, the pyrethrins, and Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare L.) lower terpenes of variable biological effectiveness. As an approach to improve the oil content and composition of Tansy for enhanced biological activity, a somatic hybridization technique between Tansy and pyrethrum was established. About 1×106 of leaf-mesophyll protoplasts of both species were mixed and fused with a solution containing 15% polyethylene glycol. Light-green and yellowish calli developed from the fusion experiments. The fusion-derived calli grew vigorously on MS medium supplemented with 6.4 mg l-1 of BAP, 0.8 mg l-1 of NAA, and 30–40 g l-1 of glucose. Nuclear DNA content, RAPD patterns, and volatile compounds were analyzed to determine the hybridity of the calli. The nuclear DNA content of the Tansy and pyrethrum genotypes, and the protoplast-derived calli of Tansy were 6.41, 7.39, 13.84, and 8.11 pg, respectively. The nuclear DNA content of individual calli derived from the protoplast fusion between Tansy +Tansy ranged from 8.84 (F43A) to 19.59 pg (F43C) while those of the Tansy+pyrethrum fusions were 10.66 (F46A) and 31.87 pg (F46B). Using four 10-mer primers a total of 56 RAPD-PCR fragments were produced. The distance matrices of fragments were calculated by average linkage cluster analysis. Two visually separated clusters were observed. One cluster consisted of the two Tansy genotypes and the fusion-derived callus F43A; the other consisted of pyrethrum and fusion-derived calli F46B and F46C. Volatile compounds, such as decadienal, artedouglasia oxide, heptadecane, syringaldehyde and coniferyl alcohol, analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry, were found only in the protoplast fusion-derived calli F43A and F46B. Several less volatile compounds were also detected only in fusion calli. Hexadecanoic and linoleic acids were common to fusion-derived calli and Tansy, and one unknown compound to fusion-derived calli and pyrethrum. Pyrethrins I and II were detected from pyrethrum, but not from the fusion-derived calli. The additive nuclear DNA content of protoplast fusion-derived calli and the results of the RAPDs suggest that interspecific fusions had occurred. The small number of volatile compounds detected from both the fusion calli and from the donor species indicates that the unorganized callus tissue is unable to produce tissue-specific volatile compounds.
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alterations in growth of tissue cultured Tansy tanacetum vulgare l treated with antibiotics
Annals of Applied Biology, 1998Co-Authors: Marjo Keskitalo, Arja Pohto, Mervileena Savela, Jari P T Valkonen, James E Simon, Eija PehuAbstract:Summary. Effects of three antibiotics (cefotaxime, rifampicin and gentamicin) were tested on in vitro shoots cultures of Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare L.)- These antibiotics were selected because endophytic bacteria isolated from the in vitro shoot cultures of Tansy showed that all bacteria were Gram-negative and their growth was reduced by these three antibiotics. Five isolates were Enterobacteriaceae, three were fluorescent Pseudomonas, and two were aerobic bacteria. Increased concentrations of antibiotics caused usually linear or quadratic changes on the initiation of shoot growth, shoot number, growth rate, and shoot height. These changes and changes in pH of the culture media were Tansy genotype-dependent following treatments with gentamicin. Also, the treatment with rifampicin or cefotaxime showed a genotype-dependent effect, because they resulted in significantly higher percentage of rooted plants in one of the three Tansy genotypes tested. The growth rate and length of shoots were reduced in the media containing both gentamicin and rifampicin, but less so than in media containing both gentamicin and cefotaxime.
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Genetic and morphological diversity of Finnish Tansy ( Tanacetum vulgare L., Asteraceae)
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1998Co-Authors: Marjo Keskitalo, Anna Lindén, Jari P T ValkonenAbstract:Morphological and genetical differences of twenty Finnish Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare) genotypes were studied. The genotypes were distinguishable by morphology, and number of flower heads, which correlated positively with height of the plant and height of the corymb. The mean nuclear DNA content in the leaves of tissue-cultured Tansy plantlets was 8.86 pg, and variation between genotypes was 27%. The genotypes were also distinguishable on the basis of their RAPD patterns. The RAPD and morphological data were subjected to analysis of principal components, according to which the genotypes were separated into two main groups. Group I included 7 genotypes from southern Finland and 2 genotypes from the eastern lake district. They started to flower later, had more flower heads and nodes per stem, and the corymb was longer than in the other genotypes that originated in the western and central part of Finland and formed group II. Our data are supported by previous studies and suggest that group I may represent native Tansy populations in Finland, whereas group II may represent Tansy genotypes that have been transported to other parts of Finland through agriculture and attempts of domestication.
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Control of Bacteria and Alteration of Plant Growth in Tissue Cultures of Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare L.) Treated with Antibiotics
HortScience, 1996Co-Authors: Marjo Keskitalo, Eija Pehu, Arja Pohto, Mervileena Savela, Jari P T Valkonen, James E SimonAbstract:Ten bacteria were isolated from the in vitro shoot cultures of different Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare) genotypes. All isolates were Gram-negative. Five isolates belonged to Enterobacteriaceae, three isolates were strains of fluorescent Pseudomonas, and two isolates were strains of other aerobic bacteria. The combined treatment with gentamicin (50 mg·L–1) and rifampicin (25 mg·L–1) prevented the growth of all bacteria, whereas none of the antibiotics (ampicillin, cefotaxime, rifampicin, gentamicin, or streptomycin) controlled all bacteria when used alone. The antibiotics ranged based on their increasing adverse effects on shoot cultures as follows: rifampicin, cefotaxime, and gentamicin. Increased antibiotic concentration reduced the initiation and growth rates of shoots, roots and calli with some exceptions. Low concentrations of gentamicin and cefotaxime both increased the growth rate and shoot number per plant. Rifampicin stimulated the root growth of some of the biotypes tested. The growth rate of calli increased significantly in the presence of both gentamicin (25 mg·L–1) and rifampicin (25 mg·L–1) in the growth media, whereas the use of either antibiotic alone reduced the calli growth relative to the control. Viability of Tansy protoplasts was enhanced by rifampicin and to a lesser extend by gentamicin and cefotaxime. The growth of bacteria isolated from Tansy tissue culture can be prevented with a combined gentamicin and rifampicin treatment. The growth rate of plants decreased slightly when grown in the media supplemented with the same antibiotic combination. However, the growth retardation was not permanent, and the plants recovered and grew vigorously when transferred to antibiotic free medium.
Jörg-peter Schnitzler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Under fire-simultaneous volatilome and transcriptome analysis unravels fine-scale responses of Tansy chemotypes to dual herbivore attack.
2020Co-Authors: Mary V. Clancy, Matthias Senft, Wolfgang W. Weisser, Georg Haberer, Werner Jud, Bishu Niederbacher, Simon Niederbacher, Sharon Zytynska, Jörg-peter SchnitzlerAbstract:Abstract BackgroundTansy plants (Tanacetum vulgare L.) are known for their high intraspecific chemical variation, especially of volatile organic compounds (VOC) from the terpenoid compound group. These VOCs are closely involved in plant-insect interactions and, when profiled, can be used to classify plants into groups known as chemotypes. Tansy chemotypes have been shown to influence plant-aphid interactions, however, to date no information is available on the response of different Tansy chemotypes to simultaneous herbivory by more than one insect species.ResultsUsing a multi-cuvette system, we investigated the responses of five Tansy chemotypes to feeding by sucking and/or chewing herbivores (aphids and caterpillars; Metopeurum fuscoviride Stroyan and Spodoptera littoralis Boisduval). Herbivory by caterpillars following aphid infestation led to a plant chemotype-specific change in the patterns of terpenoids stored in trichome hairs and in VOC emissions. The transcriptomic analysis of a plant chemotype represents the first de novo assembly of a transcriptome in Tansy and demonstrates priming effects of aphids on a subsequent herbivory. Overall, we show that the five chemotypes do not react in the same way to the two herbivores. As expected, we found that caterpillar feeding increased VOC emissions, however, a priori aphid infestation only led to a further increase in VOC emissions for some chemotypes.ConclusionsWe were able to show that different chemotypes respond to the double herbivore attack in different ways, and that pre-treatment with aphids had a priming effect on plants when they were subsequently exposed to a chewing herbivore. If neighbouring chemotypes in a field population react differently to herbivory/dual herbivory, this could possibly have effects from the individual level to the group level. Individuals of some chemotypes may respond more efficiently to herbivory stress than others, and in a group environment these "louder" chemotypes may affect the local insect community, including the natural enemies of herbivores, and other neighbouring plants.
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Under Fire –simultaneous Volatilome and Transcriptome Analysis Unravels Fine-scale Responses of Tansy Chemotypes to Dual Herbivore Attack
2020Co-Authors: Mary V. Clancy, Matthias Senft, Wolfgang W. Weisser, Georg Haberer, Werner Jud, Bishu Niederbacher, Simon Niederbacher, Sharon Zytynska, Jörg-peter SchnitzlerAbstract:Abstract Background Tansy plants (Tanacetum vulgare L.) are known for their high intraspecific chemical variation, especially of volatile organic compounds (VOC) from the terpenoid group of substances. These VOCs are closely involved in plant-insect interactions and, when profiled, can be used to classify plants into groups known as chemotypes. Tansy chemotypes have been shown to influence plant-aphid interactions, however, to date no information is available on the response of different Tansy chemotypes to simultaneous herbivory by more than one insect species. Results Using a multi-cuvette system, we investigated the responses of five Tansy chemotypes to feeding by sucking and/or chewing herbivores (aphids and caterpillars; Metopeurum fuscoviride Stroyan and Spodoptera littoralis Boisduval). We did not observe any strong changes in plant VOC emissions when exposed to sucking aphids, while polyphagous caterpillars strongly increased VOC emissions for each plant chemotype. Herbivory by caterpillars following aphid infestation led to a plant chemotype-specific change in the patterns of terpenoids stored in trichome hairs and in VOC emissions. The transcriptomic analysis of a plant chemotype represents the first de novo assembly of a transcriptome in Tansy and demonstrates priming effects of aphids on a subsequent herbivory. Overall, we show that the five chemotypes do not react in the same way to the two herbivores. As expected, we found that caterpillar feeding increased VOC emissions. However, the previous aphid infestation only led to a further increase in VOC emissions for some chemotypes. Conclusions We were able to show that different chemotypes respond to the double herbivore attack in different ways, and that pre-treatment with aphids had a priming effect on plants when they were subsequently exposed to a chewing herbivore. Our results will be important for the study of chemical communication of plants in nature. If neighbouring chemotypes in a field population react differently to herbivory/dual herbivory, this could possibly have effects from the individual level to the group level. Individuals of some chemotypes may respond more efficiently to herbivory stress than others, and in a group environment these "louder" chemotypes may affect the local insect community, including the natural enemies of herbivores, and other neighbouring plants.
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Metabotype variation in a field population of Tansy plants influences aphid host selection.
Plant Cell & Environment, 2018Co-Authors: Mary V. Clancy, Sharon E. Zytynska, Wolfgang W. Weisser, Franco Moritz, Michael Witting, Philippe Schmitt-kopplin, Jörg-peter SchnitzlerAbstract:It is well known that plant volatiles influence herbivores in their selection of a host plant; however, less is known about how the nonvolatile metabolome affects herbivore host selection. Metabolic diversity between intraspecific plants can be characterized using non-targeted mass spectrometry that gives us a snapshot overview of all metabolic processes occurring within a plant at a particular time. Here, we show that non-targeted metabolomics can be used to reveal links between intraspecific chemical diversity and ecological processes in Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare). First, we show that Tansy plants can be categorized into five subgroups based up on their metabolic profiles, and that these "metabotypes" influenced natural aphid colonization in the field. Second, this grouping was not due to induced metabolomic changes within the plant due to aphid feeding but rather resulted from constitutive differences in chemical diversity between plants. These findings highlight the importance of intraspecific chemical diversity within one plant population and provide the first report of a non-targeted metabolomic field study in chemical ecology.
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Chemotypic variation in terpenes emitted from storage pools influences early aphid colonisation on Tansy.
Scientific Reports, 2016Co-Authors: Mary V. Clancy, Sharon E. Zytynska, Matthias Senft, Wolfgang W. Weisser, Jörg-peter SchnitzlerAbstract:Tansy plants (Tanacetum vulgare L.) exhibit high chemical variation, particularly in mono- and sesquiterpenes that are stored in specialised glands on the plant surface. In the present work we investigated the effects of terpene chemotypes on Metopeurum fuscoviride, an aphid species specialised on Tansy, and their tending ants, at the field scale. Previous studies have chemotyped Tansy by assessing dominant compounds; here we propose a method of chemotyping using all volatile compounds that are likely emitted from the storage glands. The analysis is based on two extraction methods: GC-MS analysis of leaf hexane extracts and SBSE analysis of headspace emissions. In an initial screening we identified the subset of compounds present in both chemical patterns, labelled as ‘compounds likely emitted from storage’. In a large field survey we could show that the putative chemotypic emission pattern from storage pools significantly affected the early aphid colonisation of Tansy. Moreover, the statistical analyses revealed that minor compounds exerted a stronger influence on aphid and tending-ant presence than dominant compounds. Overall we demonstrated that within the enormous chemotypic variation of terpenes in Tansy plants, chemical signatures of volatile terpenes can be related to the occurrence of insects on individual plants in the field.
Wolfgang W. Weisser - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Under fire-simultaneous volatilome and transcriptome analysis unravels fine-scale responses of Tansy chemotypes to dual herbivore attack.
2020Co-Authors: Mary V. Clancy, Matthias Senft, Wolfgang W. Weisser, Georg Haberer, Werner Jud, Bishu Niederbacher, Simon Niederbacher, Sharon Zytynska, Jörg-peter SchnitzlerAbstract:Abstract BackgroundTansy plants (Tanacetum vulgare L.) are known for their high intraspecific chemical variation, especially of volatile organic compounds (VOC) from the terpenoid compound group. These VOCs are closely involved in plant-insect interactions and, when profiled, can be used to classify plants into groups known as chemotypes. Tansy chemotypes have been shown to influence plant-aphid interactions, however, to date no information is available on the response of different Tansy chemotypes to simultaneous herbivory by more than one insect species.ResultsUsing a multi-cuvette system, we investigated the responses of five Tansy chemotypes to feeding by sucking and/or chewing herbivores (aphids and caterpillars; Metopeurum fuscoviride Stroyan and Spodoptera littoralis Boisduval). Herbivory by caterpillars following aphid infestation led to a plant chemotype-specific change in the patterns of terpenoids stored in trichome hairs and in VOC emissions. The transcriptomic analysis of a plant chemotype represents the first de novo assembly of a transcriptome in Tansy and demonstrates priming effects of aphids on a subsequent herbivory. Overall, we show that the five chemotypes do not react in the same way to the two herbivores. As expected, we found that caterpillar feeding increased VOC emissions, however, a priori aphid infestation only led to a further increase in VOC emissions for some chemotypes.ConclusionsWe were able to show that different chemotypes respond to the double herbivore attack in different ways, and that pre-treatment with aphids had a priming effect on plants when they were subsequently exposed to a chewing herbivore. If neighbouring chemotypes in a field population react differently to herbivory/dual herbivory, this could possibly have effects from the individual level to the group level. Individuals of some chemotypes may respond more efficiently to herbivory stress than others, and in a group environment these "louder" chemotypes may affect the local insect community, including the natural enemies of herbivores, and other neighbouring plants.
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Under Fire –simultaneous Volatilome and Transcriptome Analysis Unravels Fine-scale Responses of Tansy Chemotypes to Dual Herbivore Attack
2020Co-Authors: Mary V. Clancy, Matthias Senft, Wolfgang W. Weisser, Georg Haberer, Werner Jud, Bishu Niederbacher, Simon Niederbacher, Sharon Zytynska, Jörg-peter SchnitzlerAbstract:Abstract Background Tansy plants (Tanacetum vulgare L.) are known for their high intraspecific chemical variation, especially of volatile organic compounds (VOC) from the terpenoid group of substances. These VOCs are closely involved in plant-insect interactions and, when profiled, can be used to classify plants into groups known as chemotypes. Tansy chemotypes have been shown to influence plant-aphid interactions, however, to date no information is available on the response of different Tansy chemotypes to simultaneous herbivory by more than one insect species. Results Using a multi-cuvette system, we investigated the responses of five Tansy chemotypes to feeding by sucking and/or chewing herbivores (aphids and caterpillars; Metopeurum fuscoviride Stroyan and Spodoptera littoralis Boisduval). We did not observe any strong changes in plant VOC emissions when exposed to sucking aphids, while polyphagous caterpillars strongly increased VOC emissions for each plant chemotype. Herbivory by caterpillars following aphid infestation led to a plant chemotype-specific change in the patterns of terpenoids stored in trichome hairs and in VOC emissions. The transcriptomic analysis of a plant chemotype represents the first de novo assembly of a transcriptome in Tansy and demonstrates priming effects of aphids on a subsequent herbivory. Overall, we show that the five chemotypes do not react in the same way to the two herbivores. As expected, we found that caterpillar feeding increased VOC emissions. However, the previous aphid infestation only led to a further increase in VOC emissions for some chemotypes. Conclusions We were able to show that different chemotypes respond to the double herbivore attack in different ways, and that pre-treatment with aphids had a priming effect on plants when they were subsequently exposed to a chewing herbivore. Our results will be important for the study of chemical communication of plants in nature. If neighbouring chemotypes in a field population react differently to herbivory/dual herbivory, this could possibly have effects from the individual level to the group level. Individuals of some chemotypes may respond more efficiently to herbivory stress than others, and in a group environment these "louder" chemotypes may affect the local insect community, including the natural enemies of herbivores, and other neighbouring plants.
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Metabotype variation in a field population of Tansy plants influences aphid host selection.
Plant Cell & Environment, 2018Co-Authors: Mary V. Clancy, Sharon E. Zytynska, Wolfgang W. Weisser, Franco Moritz, Michael Witting, Philippe Schmitt-kopplin, Jörg-peter SchnitzlerAbstract:It is well known that plant volatiles influence herbivores in their selection of a host plant; however, less is known about how the nonvolatile metabolome affects herbivore host selection. Metabolic diversity between intraspecific plants can be characterized using non-targeted mass spectrometry that gives us a snapshot overview of all metabolic processes occurring within a plant at a particular time. Here, we show that non-targeted metabolomics can be used to reveal links between intraspecific chemical diversity and ecological processes in Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare). First, we show that Tansy plants can be categorized into five subgroups based up on their metabolic profiles, and that these "metabotypes" influenced natural aphid colonization in the field. Second, this grouping was not due to induced metabolomic changes within the plant due to aphid feeding but rather resulted from constitutive differences in chemical diversity between plants. These findings highlight the importance of intraspecific chemical diversity within one plant population and provide the first report of a non-targeted metabolomic field study in chemical ecology.
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Chemotypic variation in terpenes emitted from storage pools influences early aphid colonisation on Tansy.
Scientific Reports, 2016Co-Authors: Mary V. Clancy, Sharon E. Zytynska, Matthias Senft, Wolfgang W. Weisser, Jörg-peter SchnitzlerAbstract:Tansy plants (Tanacetum vulgare L.) exhibit high chemical variation, particularly in mono- and sesquiterpenes that are stored in specialised glands on the plant surface. In the present work we investigated the effects of terpene chemotypes on Metopeurum fuscoviride, an aphid species specialised on Tansy, and their tending ants, at the field scale. Previous studies have chemotyped Tansy by assessing dominant compounds; here we propose a method of chemotyping using all volatile compounds that are likely emitted from the storage glands. The analysis is based on two extraction methods: GC-MS analysis of leaf hexane extracts and SBSE analysis of headspace emissions. In an initial screening we identified the subset of compounds present in both chemical patterns, labelled as ‘compounds likely emitted from storage’. In a large field survey we could show that the putative chemotypic emission pattern from storage pools significantly affected the early aphid colonisation of Tansy. Moreover, the statistical analyses revealed that minor compounds exerted a stronger influence on aphid and tending-ant presence than dominant compounds. Overall we demonstrated that within the enormous chemotypic variation of terpenes in Tansy plants, chemical signatures of volatile terpenes can be related to the occurrence of insects on individual plants in the field.
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Tansy aphid data - Hugh D. Loxdale,FLS, 2007
2016Co-Authors: Hugh D. Loxdale, Franklin N. Nyabuga, David G. Heckel, Gerhard Schöfl, Kerstin R. Wiesner, Wolfgang W. WeisserAbstract:Tansy aphid data - Hugh D. Loxdale,FLS, 200
Bruno Gabel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Non-host plant odor (Tanacetum vulgare; Asteracea) affects the reproductive behavior ofLobesia botrana Den. et Schiff (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)
Journal of Insect Behavior, 1994Co-Authors: Bruno Gabel, Denis ThieryAbstract:Females of Lobesia botrana Den. et Schiff. (Lepidoptera Tortricidae) are attracted in natural conditions by volatiles released by a nonhost plant: Tansy ( Tanacetum vulgare L.; Asteracea). We have shown that both Tansy flowers and their odor inhibit oviposition behavior and mating behavior and reduce adult longevity. The mean number of eggs laid per female isolated with Tansy flowers was reduced by up to 50% every 2 days during the 6 days of exposure. This reduction was maintained after the Tansy was removed. In the presence of Tansy essential oil, the egg-laying reduction ranged from about 30 to 80% according to the odor concentration. The number of spermatophores found in females isolated with Tansy flowers was also reduced twofold compared to the control treatment, indicating that the presence of Tansy reduced mating activity. This mating activity is strongly reduced, by two-thirds, when adults face the highest dose of essential oil compared to controls. The number of eggs laid by the controls cannot be explained by the number of spermatophores. Therefore, the reduction in oviposition has been attributed to the presence of Tansy flowers or to the Tansy odor. Tansy flowers and Tansy odor increased male mortality during the exposure (10% in the control, 50% in the Tansy treatment, and up to 98% in the odor treatment). The highest rates of male mortality occurred during the 4- to 6-day period of exposure to flowers or odor. Repellence resulting in sustained locomotor activity is a possible cause of such a mortality. Female mortality was increased only in response to the highest dose of odor. This increase might be due to egg retention, and not directly to a plant effect. We discuss the effects of Tansy flower odor on different patterns relative to the reproductive behavior of L. botrana and, especially, on oviposition behavior in the ecological context of plant selection and polyphagy.
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Non-host plant odor ( Tanacetum vulgare ; Asteracea) affects the reproductive behavior of Lobesia botrana Den. et Schiff (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)
Journal of Insect Behavior, 1994Co-Authors: Bruno Gabel, Denis ThieryAbstract:Females ofLobesia botrana Den. et Schiff. (Lepidoptera Tortricidae) are attracted in natural conditions by volatiles released by a nonhost plant: Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare L.; Asteracea). We have shown that both Tansy flowers and their odor inhibit oviposition behavior and mating behavior and reduce adult longevity. The mean number of eggs laid per female isolated with Tansy flowers was reduced by up to 50% every 2 days during the 6 days of exposure. This reduction was maintained after the Tansy was removed. In the presence of Tansy essential oil, the egg-laying reduction ranged from about 30 to 80% according to the odor concentration. The number of spermatophores found in females isolated with Tansy flowers was also reduced twofold compared to the control treatment, indicating that the presence of Tansy reduced mating activity. This mating activity is strongly reduced, by two-thirds, when adults face the highest dose of essential oil compared to controls. The number of eggs laid by the controls cannot be explained by the number of spermatophores. Therefore, the reduction in oviposition has been attributed to the presence of Tansy flowers or to the Tansy odor. Tansy flowers and Tansy odor increased male mortality during the exposure (10% in the control, 50% in the Tansy treatment, and up to 98% in the odor treatment). The highest rates of male mortality occurred during the 4- to 6-day period of exposure to flowers or odor. Repellence resulting in sustained locomotor activity is a possible cause of such a mortality. Female mortality was increased only in response to the highest dose of odor. This increase might be due to egg retention, and not directly to a plant effect. We discuss the effects of Tansy flower odor on different patterns relative to the reproductive behavior ofL. botrana and, especially, on oviposition behavior in the ecological context of plant selection and polyphagy.
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Floral volatiles ofTanacetum vulgare L. attractive toLobesia botrana den. et schiff. females
Journal of Chemical Ecology, 1992Co-Authors: Bruno Gabel, Vaclav Suchy, Peter Hradsky, Frédéric Marion-poll, Denis Thiery, Pavel FarkasAbstract:The European grapevine moth (EGVM), Lobesia botrana , is a major pest of grapes in Europe. Females are attracted to a nonhost plant: Tansy ( Tanacetum vulgare L.), which is a common weed in Slovakian vineyards. A steam distillate extract of Tansy flowers was analyzed by means of a GC-EAG technique to screen constituents detected by the olfactory receptors of EGVM females. From more than 200 GC peaks, nine peaks corresponding to monoterpenoids released an EAG response in more than 70% of the females ( N =15): p -cymene, d -limonene, α -thujene, α -thujone, β -thujone, thujyl alcohol, terpinene-4-ol, ( Z )-verbenol, and piperitone. The steam distillate of Tansy as well as a synthetic blend of identified compounds released consistent attraction in a field cage. The use of nonhost plants and host plant odors in integrated pest management is discussed.
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Floral volatiles of Tanacetum vulgare L. attractive to Lobesia botrana Den. et Schiff. females
Journal of Chemical Ecology, 1992Co-Authors: Bruno Gabel, Vaclav Suchy, Peter Hradsky, Frédéric Marion-poll, Denis Thiery, Pavel FarkasAbstract:The European grapevine moth (EGVM), Lobesia botrana, is a major pest of grapes in Europe. Females are attracted to a nonhost plant: Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare L.), which is a common weed in Slovakian vineyards. A steam distillate extract of Tansy flowers was analyzed by means of a GC-EAG technique to screen constituents detected by the olfactory receptors of EGVM females. From more than 200 GC peaks, nine peaks corresponding to monoterpenoids released an EAG response in more than 70% of the females (N=15):p-cymene,d-limonene,α-thujene,α-thujone,β-thujone, thujyl alcohol, terpinene-4-ol, (Z)-verbenol, and piperitone. The steam distillate of Tansy as well as a synthetic blend of identified compounds released consistent attraction in a field cage. The use of nonhost plants and host plant odors in integrated pest management is discussed.
Denis Thiery - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Modulation of flight activity in Lobesia botrana Den. and Schiff. (Lepidoptera : Tortricidae) females studied in a wind tunnel
Journal of Insect Behavior, 1999Co-Authors: Béatrice Hurtrel, Denis ThieryAbstract:We studied modulations of flight activity in European grapevine moth females (EGVM) by individual observations in a wind tunnel. The effect of different factors was analyzed: variation in atmospheric pressure prior to the experiments, time of day, first experience of flight, age, mating, and odor of Tansy, which attracts females. The circadian flight activity showed a peak the hour preceding the onset of scotophase and sustained activity occurred during the 6 h around this peak. Females with a flight experience in the tunnel took off more quickly than naive ones (3.9 ± 7.4 vs 20.3 ± 22.8 s). Three-day-old unmated females subjected to negative variations of atmospheric pressure (10 hPa) during the 4 h prior to the experiments increased their duration of flight (12.1 ± 8.7 vs 5.3 ± 3.4 s) compared to those not subjected to variation. One-day-old females were less active than older ones; flight was shorter than in 2-day-old females (2.7 ± 6.7 vs 5.1 ± 9.5 s) and fewer of them took off (28 vs 63%). Mating also affected the flight activity of 2-day-old females; mated females flew longer than virgins (12 ± 16.8 vs 5.1 ± 9.5 s) and took off more quickly (6.5 ± 14.4 vs 19.3 ± 20.1 s). Tansy odor in the tunnel did not significantly affect the flight behavior of virgin females, but it increased the proportion of mated females that initiated flight (87 vs 70%) and duration of flight (11.2 ± 24.4 vs 7.2 ± 13.7 s), and it reduced the latency to takeoff (2.1 ± 7.4 vs 8.1 ± 19.1 s). Flight duration in Tansy odor was inversely correlated with the total number of eggs laid during the female's whole life. Our experimental settings did not allow observation of movements directed toward the odor source.
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Non-host plant odor (Tanacetum vulgare; Asteracea) affects the reproductive behavior ofLobesia botrana Den. et Schiff (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)
Journal of Insect Behavior, 1994Co-Authors: Bruno Gabel, Denis ThieryAbstract:Females of Lobesia botrana Den. et Schiff. (Lepidoptera Tortricidae) are attracted in natural conditions by volatiles released by a nonhost plant: Tansy ( Tanacetum vulgare L.; Asteracea). We have shown that both Tansy flowers and their odor inhibit oviposition behavior and mating behavior and reduce adult longevity. The mean number of eggs laid per female isolated with Tansy flowers was reduced by up to 50% every 2 days during the 6 days of exposure. This reduction was maintained after the Tansy was removed. In the presence of Tansy essential oil, the egg-laying reduction ranged from about 30 to 80% according to the odor concentration. The number of spermatophores found in females isolated with Tansy flowers was also reduced twofold compared to the control treatment, indicating that the presence of Tansy reduced mating activity. This mating activity is strongly reduced, by two-thirds, when adults face the highest dose of essential oil compared to controls. The number of eggs laid by the controls cannot be explained by the number of spermatophores. Therefore, the reduction in oviposition has been attributed to the presence of Tansy flowers or to the Tansy odor. Tansy flowers and Tansy odor increased male mortality during the exposure (10% in the control, 50% in the Tansy treatment, and up to 98% in the odor treatment). The highest rates of male mortality occurred during the 4- to 6-day period of exposure to flowers or odor. Repellence resulting in sustained locomotor activity is a possible cause of such a mortality. Female mortality was increased only in response to the highest dose of odor. This increase might be due to egg retention, and not directly to a plant effect. We discuss the effects of Tansy flower odor on different patterns relative to the reproductive behavior of L. botrana and, especially, on oviposition behavior in the ecological context of plant selection and polyphagy.
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Non-host plant odor ( Tanacetum vulgare ; Asteracea) affects the reproductive behavior of Lobesia botrana Den. et Schiff (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)
Journal of Insect Behavior, 1994Co-Authors: Bruno Gabel, Denis ThieryAbstract:Females ofLobesia botrana Den. et Schiff. (Lepidoptera Tortricidae) are attracted in natural conditions by volatiles released by a nonhost plant: Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare L.; Asteracea). We have shown that both Tansy flowers and their odor inhibit oviposition behavior and mating behavior and reduce adult longevity. The mean number of eggs laid per female isolated with Tansy flowers was reduced by up to 50% every 2 days during the 6 days of exposure. This reduction was maintained after the Tansy was removed. In the presence of Tansy essential oil, the egg-laying reduction ranged from about 30 to 80% according to the odor concentration. The number of spermatophores found in females isolated with Tansy flowers was also reduced twofold compared to the control treatment, indicating that the presence of Tansy reduced mating activity. This mating activity is strongly reduced, by two-thirds, when adults face the highest dose of essential oil compared to controls. The number of eggs laid by the controls cannot be explained by the number of spermatophores. Therefore, the reduction in oviposition has been attributed to the presence of Tansy flowers or to the Tansy odor. Tansy flowers and Tansy odor increased male mortality during the exposure (10% in the control, 50% in the Tansy treatment, and up to 98% in the odor treatment). The highest rates of male mortality occurred during the 4- to 6-day period of exposure to flowers or odor. Repellence resulting in sustained locomotor activity is a possible cause of such a mortality. Female mortality was increased only in response to the highest dose of odor. This increase might be due to egg retention, and not directly to a plant effect. We discuss the effects of Tansy flower odor on different patterns relative to the reproductive behavior ofL. botrana and, especially, on oviposition behavior in the ecological context of plant selection and polyphagy.
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Floral volatiles ofTanacetum vulgare L. attractive toLobesia botrana den. et schiff. females
Journal of Chemical Ecology, 1992Co-Authors: Bruno Gabel, Vaclav Suchy, Peter Hradsky, Frédéric Marion-poll, Denis Thiery, Pavel FarkasAbstract:The European grapevine moth (EGVM), Lobesia botrana , is a major pest of grapes in Europe. Females are attracted to a nonhost plant: Tansy ( Tanacetum vulgare L.), which is a common weed in Slovakian vineyards. A steam distillate extract of Tansy flowers was analyzed by means of a GC-EAG technique to screen constituents detected by the olfactory receptors of EGVM females. From more than 200 GC peaks, nine peaks corresponding to monoterpenoids released an EAG response in more than 70% of the females ( N =15): p -cymene, d -limonene, α -thujene, α -thujone, β -thujone, thujyl alcohol, terpinene-4-ol, ( Z )-verbenol, and piperitone. The steam distillate of Tansy as well as a synthetic blend of identified compounds released consistent attraction in a field cage. The use of nonhost plants and host plant odors in integrated pest management is discussed.
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Floral volatiles of Tanacetum vulgare L. attractive to Lobesia botrana Den. et Schiff. females
Journal of Chemical Ecology, 1992Co-Authors: Bruno Gabel, Vaclav Suchy, Peter Hradsky, Frédéric Marion-poll, Denis Thiery, Pavel FarkasAbstract:The European grapevine moth (EGVM), Lobesia botrana, is a major pest of grapes in Europe. Females are attracted to a nonhost plant: Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare L.), which is a common weed in Slovakian vineyards. A steam distillate extract of Tansy flowers was analyzed by means of a GC-EAG technique to screen constituents detected by the olfactory receptors of EGVM females. From more than 200 GC peaks, nine peaks corresponding to monoterpenoids released an EAG response in more than 70% of the females (N=15):p-cymene,d-limonene,α-thujene,α-thujone,β-thujone, thujyl alcohol, terpinene-4-ol, (Z)-verbenol, and piperitone. The steam distillate of Tansy as well as a synthetic blend of identified compounds released consistent attraction in a field cage. The use of nonhost plants and host plant odors in integrated pest management is discussed.