The Experts below are selected from a list of 258 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
R. Chandiramouli - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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novel e phosphorene nanosheet device for the detection of Tear Gas molecules a first principles research
Chemical Physics Letters, 2020Co-Authors: R. Bhuvaneswari, V. Nagarajan, Princy J Maria, R. ChandiramouliAbstract:Abstract The non-equilibrium Green’s function (NEGF) and density functional theory (DFT) are applied to scrutinize the capability of e-phosphorene nanosheet based device to detect the Tear Gas molecules, 2-chloracetophenone (CAP) and 2-chlorobenzylidene malonitrile (CBMN) using ATK-VNL package. The electronic attributes like energy band gap, projected density of states (DOS) spectrum along with the electron density are figured out. Further, the transmission spectrum and current-voltage characteristics are computed for the isolated and target vapors adsorbed e-Phosphorene device. The features determined to support the utilization of the e-Phosphorene nanosheet device as a chemi-sensor towards 2-chloracetophenone and 2-chlorobenzylidene malonitrile vapors.
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Novel green phosphorene sheets to detect Tear Gas molecules - A DFT insight.
Journal of Molecular Graphics and Modelling, 2020Co-Authors: R. Bhuvaneswari, V. Nagarajan, R. ChandiramouliAbstract:Abstract The green phosphorene (GP) nanosheet, one of the allotropes of layered phosphorene is employed to detect the existence of Tear Gas molecules. The Tear Gas molecules such as 1-bromo-2-butanone, bromoacetone, and bromobenzyl cyanide are examined with the service of the ATK-VNL package by employing density functional theory (DFT) method. The geometrical stability of the chief component is affirmed with the support of formation energy and electronic fingerprints of GP nanosheet like electron density, band structure, and projected density of states (PDOS) spectrum are estimated. In this research work, using DFT technique, for the first time, surface adsorption characteristics of the target molecules on GP nanosheet are explored with the assistance of adsorption energy, average energy gap variation, and Bader charge transfer, which further suggest the deployment of GP in sensing the presence of Tear Gas molecules.
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Novel ε-phosphorene nanosheet device for the detection of Tear Gas molecules – A first-principles research
Chemical Physics Letters, 2020Co-Authors: R. Bhuvaneswari, V. Nagarajan, J. Princy Maria, R. ChandiramouliAbstract:Abstract The non-equilibrium Green’s function (NEGF) and density functional theory (DFT) are applied to scrutinize the capability of e-phosphorene nanosheet based device to detect the Tear Gas molecules, 2-chloracetophenone (CAP) and 2-chlorobenzylidene malonitrile (CBMN) using ATK-VNL package. The electronic attributes like energy band gap, projected density of states (DOS) spectrum along with the electron density are figured out. Further, the transmission spectrum and current-voltage characteristics are computed for the isolated and target vapors adsorbed e-Phosphorene device. The features determined to support the utilization of the e-Phosphorene nanosheet device as a chemi-sensor towards 2-chloracetophenone and 2-chlorobenzylidene malonitrile vapors.
Eda Uslu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Respiratory effects of Tear Gas inhalation
European Respiratory Journal, 2014Co-Authors: Eda Uslu, Gülcihan Özkan, Cagla Uyanusta Kucuk, Hilal Onaran, Cagla Pinar Tastan Uzunmehmetoglu, Aslihan Ilgaz, Gamze Ayar, Makbule Ozlem Akbay, Hikmet Firat, Tansu Ulukavak ÇiftçiAbstract:On limited data on healthy volunteers and experimental animals, Tear Gas is accepted as a safe crowd control agent. There is not adequate information about the respiratory effects of recurrent Tear Gas inhalation. The aim of this study is to investigate the frequency and duration of acute respiratory symptoms developed after the use of crowd control Gases on public. A face-to-face questionnaire survey was carried out among individuals who had involuntarily inhaled Tear Gas during public protests in June 2013 in Turkey. Of those 546 people who participated in the survey 86 had been exposed to Tear Gas in Ankara and 460 in Istanbul. The average age was 31.2 years, 48% female, 52% male, 52% university graduates, 21%university students, 62% smokers. 40% was exposed to Tear Gas outdoors in close proximity, 24% were exposed indoors. 70% reported to have respiratory difficulty, 80% cough, 45% sputum production, 43% chest pain, 3% hemoptysis. The symptoms of nasal discharge were reported in 72% and eye redness in 81%, skin irritation in 44%. The median duration of symptoms were for respiratory difficulty 2 days, cough 15 days, sputum 14 days, hemoptysis 14 days, chest pain 15 days, nasal discharge 13 days, eye redness 14 days, skin irritation 15 days. Tear Gas was found to cause severe acute upper and lower airway symptoms in the study group with a high smoking rate. Contrast to the previous knowledge about the safety and short-time effects of crowd control agents, the symptoms were reported to last up to 2 weeks. Recurrent, indoor and short distance exposure in real life may have significant impact on respiratory system especially among smokers. The use of Tear Gas on humans should not be allowed unless safety can be proven by further studies.
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Effects of “passive Tear Gas exposure”
European Respiratory Journal, 2014Co-Authors: Eda Uslu, Gülcihan Özkan, Fatih Torlak, Peri Arbak, Elif DagliAbstract:Introduction: Tear Gas has been used as crowd control agent as direct exposure is believed to have an immediate reaction on the target group. However, there is little information about the health effects of environmental exposure on the individuals in vicinity. Aim: The study aims to investigate the effect of Tear Gas on the residents neighboring the demonstration site who have been involuntarily exposed frequently in a duration of one month. Methods: The respiratory symptoms and lung functions of 105 volunteers, who lived close to “Taksim Gezi Park” where protests took place in June 2013 in Istanbul, Turkey, were investigated. Results: The average age of the subjects was 36 years and 51 % was female, 70% smokers, 28 % had a chronic disease and 31% complained breathlessness after the Gas exposure. 30% was exposed to Gas outdoors in close proximity, 38% indoors. Breathlessness were reported by 76%, cough 89%, sputum 44%, chest pain 41%, bloody sputum 4%, nasal discharge 76%, eye redness 84%, skin irritation 46%. Cough symptom was significantly higher in the ones who were exposed to the Gas indoors. (95%vs 74% p=0,007). Sputum production was a more common complaint with indoor exposure compared with outdoor distant exposure ( 50%vs18% P=0,002). Lung function measurements were on average FVC 100,5 % FEV 96,4 %, FEV1/FVC 99,4 %, MMFR 88,1% predicted. MMFR were found less than 65% predicted in 19% of the subjects showing isolated small airway obstruction. Conclusion: The results of the study has shown that Tear Gas has environmental health effects. Repeated use of Tear Gas during a protest with a long duration may harm respiratory health of the people living and working in the district. Tear Gas must be controlled legally like tobacco smoke.
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Tear Gas causes small airway obstruction in women
European Respiratory Journal, 2014Co-Authors: Eda Uslu, Gülcihan Özkan, Cagla Uyanusta Kucuk, Hilal Onaran, Cagla Pinar Tastan Uzunmehmetoglu, Aslihan Ilgaz, Gamze Ayar, Makbule Ozlem Akbay, Hikmet Firat, Tansu Ulukavak ÇiftçiAbstract:Objective: There is little known about effects of Tear Gas on different genders. This study was carried out to investigate the respiratory complaints and lung functions in women and men exposed to Tear Gas. Methods: During the June 2013 public demonstrations questionnaire survey was performed and lung function measuremenst were done in 460 demonstrators from Istanbul and 86 from Ankara. Findings: 283 males (age:31.2±11.1) and 262 females (aged:31.2±9.9) participated in the study. Smoking rates were found to be 62.3% in females, and 64.1 % among males. Females exposed to Gas indoors were significantly higher than males 31.5 % vs 20.4 % p=0.015). Among females , compared to males chest tightness (79.4% vs 66.3%,p=0.001), cough (87.3% vs 77.8%, p=0.003), chest pain (51.7% vs 41.8%) , nasal discharge (78.8% vs 70.3%, p=0.016) and skin irritation (54.2% vs 40.8%, p=0.002) were significantly morefrequent. Duration of symptoms in males compared to females such as chest tightness (4.9 hrs vs 5.6 hrs), cough (6.0 hrs vs 7.0 hrs), sputum production (18.2 hrs vs 23.7 hrs) were significantly shorter (p >0.05). Lung function measurements showed %FVC of 99.0 % in females and 98.5 % males (p>0.05) ; FEV1 96.0 % in females and 101.5 % in males (p>0.05). FEV1/FVC were similar in both genders (102.4% vs 102.3However MMFR values in females were significantly lower than males (89.8 % vs 97.4 % p=0.005). Conclusion : Higher rates of respiratory symptoms and lower small airway funcitons in females may be due to exposure indoors. Neverthless the possibility of gender response variability must be researched.
R. Bhuvaneswari - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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novel e phosphorene nanosheet device for the detection of Tear Gas molecules a first principles research
Chemical Physics Letters, 2020Co-Authors: R. Bhuvaneswari, V. Nagarajan, Princy J Maria, R. ChandiramouliAbstract:Abstract The non-equilibrium Green’s function (NEGF) and density functional theory (DFT) are applied to scrutinize the capability of e-phosphorene nanosheet based device to detect the Tear Gas molecules, 2-chloracetophenone (CAP) and 2-chlorobenzylidene malonitrile (CBMN) using ATK-VNL package. The electronic attributes like energy band gap, projected density of states (DOS) spectrum along with the electron density are figured out. Further, the transmission spectrum and current-voltage characteristics are computed for the isolated and target vapors adsorbed e-Phosphorene device. The features determined to support the utilization of the e-Phosphorene nanosheet device as a chemi-sensor towards 2-chloracetophenone and 2-chlorobenzylidene malonitrile vapors.
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Novel green phosphorene sheets to detect Tear Gas molecules - A DFT insight.
Journal of Molecular Graphics and Modelling, 2020Co-Authors: R. Bhuvaneswari, V. Nagarajan, R. ChandiramouliAbstract:Abstract The green phosphorene (GP) nanosheet, one of the allotropes of layered phosphorene is employed to detect the existence of Tear Gas molecules. The Tear Gas molecules such as 1-bromo-2-butanone, bromoacetone, and bromobenzyl cyanide are examined with the service of the ATK-VNL package by employing density functional theory (DFT) method. The geometrical stability of the chief component is affirmed with the support of formation energy and electronic fingerprints of GP nanosheet like electron density, band structure, and projected density of states (PDOS) spectrum are estimated. In this research work, using DFT technique, for the first time, surface adsorption characteristics of the target molecules on GP nanosheet are explored with the assistance of adsorption energy, average energy gap variation, and Bader charge transfer, which further suggest the deployment of GP in sensing the presence of Tear Gas molecules.
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Novel ε-phosphorene nanosheet device for the detection of Tear Gas molecules – A first-principles research
Chemical Physics Letters, 2020Co-Authors: R. Bhuvaneswari, V. Nagarajan, J. Princy Maria, R. ChandiramouliAbstract:Abstract The non-equilibrium Green’s function (NEGF) and density functional theory (DFT) are applied to scrutinize the capability of e-phosphorene nanosheet based device to detect the Tear Gas molecules, 2-chloracetophenone (CAP) and 2-chlorobenzylidene malonitrile (CBMN) using ATK-VNL package. The electronic attributes like energy band gap, projected density of states (DOS) spectrum along with the electron density are figured out. Further, the transmission spectrum and current-voltage characteristics are computed for the isolated and target vapors adsorbed e-Phosphorene device. The features determined to support the utilization of the e-Phosphorene nanosheet device as a chemi-sensor towards 2-chloracetophenone and 2-chlorobenzylidene malonitrile vapors.
Tansu Ulukavak Çiftçi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Extensive Exposure to Tear Gases in Ankara
Turkish thoracic journal, 2019Co-Authors: Aslihan Ilgaz, Hikmet Firat, Tansu Ulukavak Çiftçi, Peri Arbak, Filiz Çağla Küçük Uyanusta, Arif Muezzinoglu, Serdar Akpinar, Selma Firat Guven, Bulent Ciftci, Selen KaraoğlanoğluAbstract:Objectives The most common chemical substances used as mass control agents are chloroacetophenone, chlorobenzylidene malononitrile, and oleoresin capsicum. These agents not only have local and rapid effects but also have systemic and long-term effects. The aim of the present study was to discuss the patterns of Tear Gas exposure and to investigate its effects on respiratory functions. Materials and methods A face-to-face survey was conducted in 86 individuals who had been exposed to Tear Gas indoor and outdoor during the public protests in June 2013. Results The most frequently reported respiratory complaints included cough, dyspnea, phlegm, and chest pain. Spirometry measurements including forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) were also performed. Indoor exposers have lower mean % predicted FVC and FEV1 values than outdoor exposers. All complaints and signs were more common in indoor exposure to Tear Gas than in outdoor exposure. Conclusion Safety of the chemicals used as mass control agents during protests is doubtful as these agents are associated with several health risks.
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Respiratory effects of Tear Gas inhalation
European Respiratory Journal, 2014Co-Authors: Eda Uslu, Gülcihan Özkan, Cagla Uyanusta Kucuk, Hilal Onaran, Cagla Pinar Tastan Uzunmehmetoglu, Aslihan Ilgaz, Gamze Ayar, Makbule Ozlem Akbay, Hikmet Firat, Tansu Ulukavak ÇiftçiAbstract:On limited data on healthy volunteers and experimental animals, Tear Gas is accepted as a safe crowd control agent. There is not adequate information about the respiratory effects of recurrent Tear Gas inhalation. The aim of this study is to investigate the frequency and duration of acute respiratory symptoms developed after the use of crowd control Gases on public. A face-to-face questionnaire survey was carried out among individuals who had involuntarily inhaled Tear Gas during public protests in June 2013 in Turkey. Of those 546 people who participated in the survey 86 had been exposed to Tear Gas in Ankara and 460 in Istanbul. The average age was 31.2 years, 48% female, 52% male, 52% university graduates, 21%university students, 62% smokers. 40% was exposed to Tear Gas outdoors in close proximity, 24% were exposed indoors. 70% reported to have respiratory difficulty, 80% cough, 45% sputum production, 43% chest pain, 3% hemoptysis. The symptoms of nasal discharge were reported in 72% and eye redness in 81%, skin irritation in 44%. The median duration of symptoms were for respiratory difficulty 2 days, cough 15 days, sputum 14 days, hemoptysis 14 days, chest pain 15 days, nasal discharge 13 days, eye redness 14 days, skin irritation 15 days. Tear Gas was found to cause severe acute upper and lower airway symptoms in the study group with a high smoking rate. Contrast to the previous knowledge about the safety and short-time effects of crowd control agents, the symptoms were reported to last up to 2 weeks. Recurrent, indoor and short distance exposure in real life may have significant impact on respiratory system especially among smokers. The use of Tear Gas on humans should not be allowed unless safety can be proven by further studies.
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Tear Gas causes small airway obstruction in women
European Respiratory Journal, 2014Co-Authors: Eda Uslu, Gülcihan Özkan, Cagla Uyanusta Kucuk, Hilal Onaran, Cagla Pinar Tastan Uzunmehmetoglu, Aslihan Ilgaz, Gamze Ayar, Makbule Ozlem Akbay, Hikmet Firat, Tansu Ulukavak ÇiftçiAbstract:Objective: There is little known about effects of Tear Gas on different genders. This study was carried out to investigate the respiratory complaints and lung functions in women and men exposed to Tear Gas. Methods: During the June 2013 public demonstrations questionnaire survey was performed and lung function measuremenst were done in 460 demonstrators from Istanbul and 86 from Ankara. Findings: 283 males (age:31.2±11.1) and 262 females (aged:31.2±9.9) participated in the study. Smoking rates were found to be 62.3% in females, and 64.1 % among males. Females exposed to Gas indoors were significantly higher than males 31.5 % vs 20.4 % p=0.015). Among females , compared to males chest tightness (79.4% vs 66.3%,p=0.001), cough (87.3% vs 77.8%, p=0.003), chest pain (51.7% vs 41.8%) , nasal discharge (78.8% vs 70.3%, p=0.016) and skin irritation (54.2% vs 40.8%, p=0.002) were significantly morefrequent. Duration of symptoms in males compared to females such as chest tightness (4.9 hrs vs 5.6 hrs), cough (6.0 hrs vs 7.0 hrs), sputum production (18.2 hrs vs 23.7 hrs) were significantly shorter (p >0.05). Lung function measurements showed %FVC of 99.0 % in females and 98.5 % males (p>0.05) ; FEV1 96.0 % in females and 101.5 % in males (p>0.05). FEV1/FVC were similar in both genders (102.4% vs 102.3However MMFR values in females were significantly lower than males (89.8 % vs 97.4 % p=0.005). Conclusion : Higher rates of respiratory symptoms and lower small airway funcitons in females may be due to exposure indoors. Neverthless the possibility of gender response variability must be researched.
Gülcihan Özkan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Respiratory effects of Tear Gas inhalation
European Respiratory Journal, 2014Co-Authors: Eda Uslu, Gülcihan Özkan, Cagla Uyanusta Kucuk, Hilal Onaran, Cagla Pinar Tastan Uzunmehmetoglu, Aslihan Ilgaz, Gamze Ayar, Makbule Ozlem Akbay, Hikmet Firat, Tansu Ulukavak ÇiftçiAbstract:On limited data on healthy volunteers and experimental animals, Tear Gas is accepted as a safe crowd control agent. There is not adequate information about the respiratory effects of recurrent Tear Gas inhalation. The aim of this study is to investigate the frequency and duration of acute respiratory symptoms developed after the use of crowd control Gases on public. A face-to-face questionnaire survey was carried out among individuals who had involuntarily inhaled Tear Gas during public protests in June 2013 in Turkey. Of those 546 people who participated in the survey 86 had been exposed to Tear Gas in Ankara and 460 in Istanbul. The average age was 31.2 years, 48% female, 52% male, 52% university graduates, 21%university students, 62% smokers. 40% was exposed to Tear Gas outdoors in close proximity, 24% were exposed indoors. 70% reported to have respiratory difficulty, 80% cough, 45% sputum production, 43% chest pain, 3% hemoptysis. The symptoms of nasal discharge were reported in 72% and eye redness in 81%, skin irritation in 44%. The median duration of symptoms were for respiratory difficulty 2 days, cough 15 days, sputum 14 days, hemoptysis 14 days, chest pain 15 days, nasal discharge 13 days, eye redness 14 days, skin irritation 15 days. Tear Gas was found to cause severe acute upper and lower airway symptoms in the study group with a high smoking rate. Contrast to the previous knowledge about the safety and short-time effects of crowd control agents, the symptoms were reported to last up to 2 weeks. Recurrent, indoor and short distance exposure in real life may have significant impact on respiratory system especially among smokers. The use of Tear Gas on humans should not be allowed unless safety can be proven by further studies.
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Effects of “passive Tear Gas exposure”
European Respiratory Journal, 2014Co-Authors: Eda Uslu, Gülcihan Özkan, Fatih Torlak, Peri Arbak, Elif DagliAbstract:Introduction: Tear Gas has been used as crowd control agent as direct exposure is believed to have an immediate reaction on the target group. However, there is little information about the health effects of environmental exposure on the individuals in vicinity. Aim: The study aims to investigate the effect of Tear Gas on the residents neighboring the demonstration site who have been involuntarily exposed frequently in a duration of one month. Methods: The respiratory symptoms and lung functions of 105 volunteers, who lived close to “Taksim Gezi Park” where protests took place in June 2013 in Istanbul, Turkey, were investigated. Results: The average age of the subjects was 36 years and 51 % was female, 70% smokers, 28 % had a chronic disease and 31% complained breathlessness after the Gas exposure. 30% was exposed to Gas outdoors in close proximity, 38% indoors. Breathlessness were reported by 76%, cough 89%, sputum 44%, chest pain 41%, bloody sputum 4%, nasal discharge 76%, eye redness 84%, skin irritation 46%. Cough symptom was significantly higher in the ones who were exposed to the Gas indoors. (95%vs 74% p=0,007). Sputum production was a more common complaint with indoor exposure compared with outdoor distant exposure ( 50%vs18% P=0,002). Lung function measurements were on average FVC 100,5 % FEV 96,4 %, FEV1/FVC 99,4 %, MMFR 88,1% predicted. MMFR were found less than 65% predicted in 19% of the subjects showing isolated small airway obstruction. Conclusion: The results of the study has shown that Tear Gas has environmental health effects. Repeated use of Tear Gas during a protest with a long duration may harm respiratory health of the people living and working in the district. Tear Gas must be controlled legally like tobacco smoke.
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Tear Gas causes small airway obstruction in women
European Respiratory Journal, 2014Co-Authors: Eda Uslu, Gülcihan Özkan, Cagla Uyanusta Kucuk, Hilal Onaran, Cagla Pinar Tastan Uzunmehmetoglu, Aslihan Ilgaz, Gamze Ayar, Makbule Ozlem Akbay, Hikmet Firat, Tansu Ulukavak ÇiftçiAbstract:Objective: There is little known about effects of Tear Gas on different genders. This study was carried out to investigate the respiratory complaints and lung functions in women and men exposed to Tear Gas. Methods: During the June 2013 public demonstrations questionnaire survey was performed and lung function measuremenst were done in 460 demonstrators from Istanbul and 86 from Ankara. Findings: 283 males (age:31.2±11.1) and 262 females (aged:31.2±9.9) participated in the study. Smoking rates were found to be 62.3% in females, and 64.1 % among males. Females exposed to Gas indoors were significantly higher than males 31.5 % vs 20.4 % p=0.015). Among females , compared to males chest tightness (79.4% vs 66.3%,p=0.001), cough (87.3% vs 77.8%, p=0.003), chest pain (51.7% vs 41.8%) , nasal discharge (78.8% vs 70.3%, p=0.016) and skin irritation (54.2% vs 40.8%, p=0.002) were significantly morefrequent. Duration of symptoms in males compared to females such as chest tightness (4.9 hrs vs 5.6 hrs), cough (6.0 hrs vs 7.0 hrs), sputum production (18.2 hrs vs 23.7 hrs) were significantly shorter (p >0.05). Lung function measurements showed %FVC of 99.0 % in females and 98.5 % males (p>0.05) ; FEV1 96.0 % in females and 101.5 % in males (p>0.05). FEV1/FVC were similar in both genders (102.4% vs 102.3However MMFR values in females were significantly lower than males (89.8 % vs 97.4 % p=0.005). Conclusion : Higher rates of respiratory symptoms and lower small airway funcitons in females may be due to exposure indoors. Neverthless the possibility of gender response variability must be researched.
