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Mbachu Chioma Ngozi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the evaluation of accuracy of serial rapid hiv Test Algorithm in the diagnosis of hiv antibodies among pregnant women in south east nigeria
BMC Research Notes, 2015Co-Authors: Ikechukwu Innocent Mbachu, G O Udigwe, Ikechebelu Joseph, Okonkwo John, Umeononihu Osita Samuel, Ugboaja Joseph, Mbachu Chioma NgoziAbstract:Accurate HIV Testing in pregnancy is critical to the prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV infection and linkages to other preventive strategies. This study determined the sensitivity, specificity negative and positive predictive value of serial rapid Testing of HIV among pregnant women in Nnewi, south east Nigeria. This was a comparative descriptive study conducted over a 4-month period. Serial rapid Testing Algorithm was compared with conventional ELISA Testing after obtaining informed consents from the pregnant women. All positive and discordant results were confirmed with western blot HIV Test. Participants also completed a questionnaire. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20. A total of 166 pregnant women participated in this study. The mean age of the participants was 29 ± 4.3 years. The HIV prevalence was highest in the 25–29 years category. This was also the modal age category. Majority of the women were multiparous. The prevalence of HIV infection was 12 %. The sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive value of serial rapid HIV Testing was 95, 100, 99.3 and 100 % respectively. The sensitivity of the serial rapid Test Algorithm was high but still lower than the WHO recommended 99 % and above. The 100 % specificity and positive predictive value makes it a good diagnostic Test strategy. There is need for regular review of HIV Test kits and policy.
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the evaluation of accuracy of serial rapid hiv Test Algorithm in the diagnosis of hiv antibodies among pregnant women in south east nigeria
BMC Research Notes, 2015Co-Authors: Ikechukwu Innocent Mbachu, G O Udigwe, Ikechebelu Joseph, Okonkwo John, Umeononihu Osita Samuel, Ugboaja Joseph, Mbachu Chioma NgoziAbstract:Background Accurate HIV Testing in pregnancy is critical to the prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV infection and linkages to other preventive strategies.
Samuel R Friedman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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hiv incidence among injection drug users in new york city 1990 to 2002 use of serologic Test Algorithm to assess expansion of hiv prevention services
American Journal of Public Health, 2005Co-Authors: Don Des C Jarlais, Theresa Perlis, Kamyar Arasteh, Lucia V Torian, Sara Beatrice, Judith Milliken, Donna Mildvan, Stanley R Yancovitz, Samuel R FriedmanAbstract:Objectives. We sought to estimate HIV incidence among injection drug users (IDUs) in New York City from 1990 to 2002 to assess the impact of an expansion of syringe exchange services. Syringe exchange increased greatly during this period, from 250000 to 3000000 syringes exchanged annually.Methods. Serum samples were obtained from serial cross-sectional surveys of 3651 IDUs. HIV-positive samples were Tested with the Serologic Test Algorithm for Recent HIV Seroconversion (STARHS) assay to identify recent HIV infections and to estimate HIV incidence. Consistency with other incidence studies was used to assess strengths and limitations of STARHS.Results. HIV incidence declined from 3.55/100 person-years at risk (PYAR) from 1990–1992, to 2.63/100 PYAR from 1993–1995, to 1.05/100 PYAR from 1996–1998, and to 0.77/100 PYAR from 1999–2002 (P<.001). There was a very strong negative linear relationship (r= −.99, P<.005) between the annual numbers of syringes exchanged and estimated HIV incidence. These results were ...
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hiv incidence among injection drug users in new york city 1990 to 2002 use of serologic Test Algorithm to assess expansion of hiv prevention services
American Journal of Public Health, 2005Co-Authors: Don Des C Jarlais, Theresa Perlis, Kamyar Arasteh, Lucia V Torian, Sara Beatrice, Judith Milliken, Donna Mildvan, Stanley R Yancovitz, Samuel R FriedmanAbstract:Objectives. We sought to estimate HIV incidence among injection drug users (IDUs) in New York City from 1990 to 2002 to assess the impact of an expansion of syringe exchange services. Syringe exchange increased greatly during this period, from 250 000 to 3 000 000 syringes exchanged annually. Methods. Serum samples were obtained from serial cross-sectional surveys of 3651 IDUs. HIV-positive samples were Tested with the Serologic Test Algorithm for Recent HIV Seroconversion (STARHS) assay to identify recent HIV infections and to estimate HIV incidence. Consistency with other incidence studies was used to assess strengths and limitations of STARHS. Results. HIV incidence declined from 3.55/100 person-years at risk (PYAR) from 1990‐1992, to 2.63/100 PYAR from 1993‐1995, to 1.05/100 PYAR from 1996‐1998, and to 0.77/100 PYAR from 1999‐2002 (P<.001). There was a very strong negative linear relationship (r=‐.99, P<.005) between the annual numbers of syringes exchanged and estimated HIV incidence. These results were highly consistent with a large number of shorter incidence studies among IDUs conducted during the time period. Conclusions. STARHS Testing of samples from large serial cross-sectional surveys can provide important data for the assessment of community-level HIV prevention. (Am J Public Health. 2005;95:1439‐1444. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2003.036517)
Ikechukwu Innocent Mbachu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the evaluation of accuracy of serial rapid hiv Test Algorithm in the diagnosis of hiv antibodies among pregnant women in south east nigeria
BMC Research Notes, 2015Co-Authors: Ikechukwu Innocent Mbachu, G O Udigwe, Ikechebelu Joseph, Okonkwo John, Umeononihu Osita Samuel, Ugboaja Joseph, Mbachu Chioma NgoziAbstract:Accurate HIV Testing in pregnancy is critical to the prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV infection and linkages to other preventive strategies. This study determined the sensitivity, specificity negative and positive predictive value of serial rapid Testing of HIV among pregnant women in Nnewi, south east Nigeria. This was a comparative descriptive study conducted over a 4-month period. Serial rapid Testing Algorithm was compared with conventional ELISA Testing after obtaining informed consents from the pregnant women. All positive and discordant results were confirmed with western blot HIV Test. Participants also completed a questionnaire. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20. A total of 166 pregnant women participated in this study. The mean age of the participants was 29 ± 4.3 years. The HIV prevalence was highest in the 25–29 years category. This was also the modal age category. Majority of the women were multiparous. The prevalence of HIV infection was 12 %. The sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive value of serial rapid HIV Testing was 95, 100, 99.3 and 100 % respectively. The sensitivity of the serial rapid Test Algorithm was high but still lower than the WHO recommended 99 % and above. The 100 % specificity and positive predictive value makes it a good diagnostic Test strategy. There is need for regular review of HIV Test kits and policy.
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the evaluation of accuracy of serial rapid hiv Test Algorithm in the diagnosis of hiv antibodies among pregnant women in south east nigeria
BMC Research Notes, 2015Co-Authors: Ikechukwu Innocent Mbachu, G O Udigwe, Ikechebelu Joseph, Okonkwo John, Umeononihu Osita Samuel, Ugboaja Joseph, Mbachu Chioma NgoziAbstract:Background Accurate HIV Testing in pregnancy is critical to the prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV infection and linkages to other preventive strategies.
Don Des C Jarlais - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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hiv incidence among injection drug users in new york city 1990 to 2002 use of serologic Test Algorithm to assess expansion of hiv prevention services
American Journal of Public Health, 2005Co-Authors: Don Des C Jarlais, Theresa Perlis, Kamyar Arasteh, Lucia V Torian, Sara Beatrice, Judith Milliken, Donna Mildvan, Stanley R Yancovitz, Samuel R FriedmanAbstract:Objectives. We sought to estimate HIV incidence among injection drug users (IDUs) in New York City from 1990 to 2002 to assess the impact of an expansion of syringe exchange services. Syringe exchange increased greatly during this period, from 250000 to 3000000 syringes exchanged annually.Methods. Serum samples were obtained from serial cross-sectional surveys of 3651 IDUs. HIV-positive samples were Tested with the Serologic Test Algorithm for Recent HIV Seroconversion (STARHS) assay to identify recent HIV infections and to estimate HIV incidence. Consistency with other incidence studies was used to assess strengths and limitations of STARHS.Results. HIV incidence declined from 3.55/100 person-years at risk (PYAR) from 1990–1992, to 2.63/100 PYAR from 1993–1995, to 1.05/100 PYAR from 1996–1998, and to 0.77/100 PYAR from 1999–2002 (P<.001). There was a very strong negative linear relationship (r= −.99, P<.005) between the annual numbers of syringes exchanged and estimated HIV incidence. These results were ...
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hiv incidence among injection drug users in new york city 1990 to 2002 use of serologic Test Algorithm to assess expansion of hiv prevention services
American Journal of Public Health, 2005Co-Authors: Don Des C Jarlais, Theresa Perlis, Kamyar Arasteh, Lucia V Torian, Sara Beatrice, Judith Milliken, Donna Mildvan, Stanley R Yancovitz, Samuel R FriedmanAbstract:Objectives. We sought to estimate HIV incidence among injection drug users (IDUs) in New York City from 1990 to 2002 to assess the impact of an expansion of syringe exchange services. Syringe exchange increased greatly during this period, from 250 000 to 3 000 000 syringes exchanged annually. Methods. Serum samples were obtained from serial cross-sectional surveys of 3651 IDUs. HIV-positive samples were Tested with the Serologic Test Algorithm for Recent HIV Seroconversion (STARHS) assay to identify recent HIV infections and to estimate HIV incidence. Consistency with other incidence studies was used to assess strengths and limitations of STARHS. Results. HIV incidence declined from 3.55/100 person-years at risk (PYAR) from 1990‐1992, to 2.63/100 PYAR from 1993‐1995, to 1.05/100 PYAR from 1996‐1998, and to 0.77/100 PYAR from 1999‐2002 (P<.001). There was a very strong negative linear relationship (r=‐.99, P<.005) between the annual numbers of syringes exchanged and estimated HIV incidence. These results were highly consistent with a large number of shorter incidence studies among IDUs conducted during the time period. Conclusions. STARHS Testing of samples from large serial cross-sectional surveys can provide important data for the assessment of community-level HIV prevention. (Am J Public Health. 2005;95:1439‐1444. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2003.036517)
Francois Dabis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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field evaluation of a rapid human immunodeficiency virus hiv serial serologic Testing Algorithm for diagnosis and differentiation of hiv type 1 hiv 1 hiv 2 and dual hiv 1 hiv 2 infections in west african pregnant women
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2004Co-Authors: Francois Rouet, Didier K Ekouevi, Andre Inwoley, Marielaure Chaix, Marianne Burgard, Laurence Bequet, Ida Viho, Valeriane Leroy, Francois Simon, Francois DabisAbstract:We evaluated a two-rapid-Test serial Algorithm using the Determine and Genie II rapid assays, performed on-site in four peripheral laboratories during the French Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le SIDA (ANRS) 1201/1202 Ditrame Plus cohort developed for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in Cote d9Ivoire. A total of 1,039 specimens were reTested by two commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). The following specimens were Tested: 315 specimens found on-site to be infected with HIV type 1 (HIV-1), 8 specimens found on-site to be infected with HIV-2, 71 specimens found on-site to be infected with both HIV-1 and HIV-2, 40 specimens found on-site to have indeterminate results for HIV infection, and 605 specimens taken during a quality assurance program. For HIV discrimination, 99 positive serum samples (20 with HIV-1, 8 with HIV-2, and 71 with HIV-1 and HIV-2 on the basis of our rapid Test Algorithm) were reTested by the Peptilav Test, Western blot (WB) assays, and homemade monospecific ELISAs. Real-time DNA PCRs for the detection of HIV-1 and HIV-2 were performed with peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 35 women diagnosed on-site with HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections. Compared to the results of the ELISAs, the sensitivities of the Determine and Genie II assays were 100% (95% lower limit [95% LL], 99.1%) and 99.5% (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 98.2 to 99.9%), respectively. The specificities were 98.4% (95% CI, 96.9 to 99.3%) and 100% (95% LL, 99.3%), respectively. All serological assays gave concordant results for infections with single types. By contrast, for samples found to be infected with dual HIV types by the Genie II assay, dual reactivity was detected for only 37 samples (52.1%) by WB assays, 34 samples (47.9%) by the Peptilav assay, and 23 samples (32.4%) by the monospecific ELISAs. For specimens with dual reactivity by the Genie II assay, the rates of concordance between the real-time PCR assays and the serological assays were 25.7% for the Genie II assay, 82.9% for the Peptilav assay, 74.3% for WB assays, and 80% for the homemade ELISAs. Our Algorithm provided high degrees of sensitivity and specificity comparable to those of ELISAs. Even if they are rare, women identified by the Genie II assay as being infected with HIV-1 and HIV-2 mostly appeared to be infected only with HIV-2.