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Amalendu Ghosh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Genetics of Thrips Palmi (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)
    Journal of Pest Science, 2020
    Co-Authors: Amalendu Ghosh, Ralf G. Dietzgen, Shounak S. Jagdale, Rakesh Kumar Jain
    Abstract:

    Melon Thrips ( Thrips Palmi ) is the principal insect pest of vegetable and ornamental plants worldwide. In addition to inflicting feeding injuries on host plants, they act as vectors of economically damaging tospoviruses. Application of insecticides and host plant resistance has proven largely ineffective in the management of T. Palmi . However, increasingly, genetic knowledge is being successfully utilized to manage insect pests. A number of recent studies have enriched the genetic database of T. Palmi . In this review, we report on genetics of T . Palmi for species identification and to study its populations structure. For example, a DNA polymorphism analysis of global T. Palmi populations has revealed the existence of 29 haplotypes. The T. Palmi population can be divided into three lineages based on phylogenetic analysis. A high maximum intraspecific distance is indicative of cryptic species within T. Palmi populations. Regarding climate adaptability, the upregulation of trehalose biosynthesis genes, and genes encoding several heat-shock proteins is expected to enable T. Palmi thermal adaptation to both cold and hot conditions. Genetics of T . Palmi has shown that resistance to conventional insecticides like cypermethrin appears to be linked to mutations in the sodium channel. On the other hand, resistance to imidacloprid appears to be a result of cytochrome P450-mediated detoxification. T . Palmi genes potentially involved in tospovirus transmission are also reviewed and new molecular tools for genetic study presented. Molecular modeling and docking analyses of groundnut bud necrosis virus glycoprotein demonstrated protein–protein interactions with T. Palmi vacuolar ATP synthase E subunit, cathepsin, clathrin, adaptor protein 2, and enolase. Overall, a better knowledge of T. Palmi genes will assist elucidation of Thrips identification, means of adaptation in diverse ecological niches, mechanisms of insecticide resistance, and transmission of plant viruses. This data will be an invaluable tool for integrated Thrips management.

  • Exposure to watermelon bud necrosis virus and groundnut bud necrosis virus alters the life history traits of their vector, Thrips Palmi (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)
    Archives of Virology, 2019
    Co-Authors: Amalendu Ghosh, Y. B. Basavaraj, Sumit Jangra
    Abstract:

    Thrips Palmi transmits the tospoviruses watermelon bud necrosis (WBNV) and groundnut bud necrosis virus (GBNV) in persistent propagative way. Little is known about the T. Palmi -WBNV and -GBNV relationship. In this study, we report the effects of WBNV and GBNV infection on the life history traits of T. Palmi . Both WBNV and GBNV had some negative effects on the adult life span, fecundity and survival of T. Palmi as compared to non-exposed T. Palmi. Tospovirus exposure favoured a female-biased ratio in the experimental population.

Sumit Jangra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

P. R. Dentener - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • New Zealand Plant Protection 55:18-24 (2002) Thrips Palmi KARNY (THYSANOPTERA: THRIPIDAE): COULD IT SURVIVE IN NEW ZEALAND?
    2016
    Co-Authors: P. R. Dentener, D.c. Whiting, P.g. Connolly
    Abstract:

    Melon Thrips (Thrips Palmi Karny) is one of several Risk Group 2 pests on New Zealand MAF Biosecurity Authority’s list of unwanted pests. Its wide host plant range, and its presence world-wide, including several countries in the Pacific region, underpin its biosecurity status. In this case study we used CLIMEX, a climate matching software program, to determine likely locations in New Zealand where melon Thrips could establish once introduced. Possible establishment was based on climate match with overseas locations where melon Thrips is present, and on a range of biological parameters specific to the response of melon Thrips to climatic conditions. The upper North Island is predicted to be most suited to melon Thrips establishment. This also matches the known New Zealand distribution of HercinoThrips bicinctus, banana Thrips, a species found worldwide in locations similar to that of melon Thrips

  • Thrips Palmi – POTENTIAL SURVIVAL AND
    2016
    Co-Authors: Population Growth, In New Zealand, A. E. A. Stephens, P. R. Dentener
    Abstract:

    Thrips Palmi Karny is a major pest of various crops in many countries. It does not occur in New Zealand but could be imported on ornamental plants or vegetables and is potentially a serious threat. Characterising the likely population growth and development of T. Palmi under New Zealand conditions may assist with any eradication or long term management stemming from an incursion. In northern Asia, T. Palmi over-winters in the fi eld in warmer areas, while in cooler areas it over-winters in glasshouses, which act as a source of infestation each spring. A simple model was created using the DYMEX population modelling software and previously published parameters. It was modifi ed to fi t Japanese and Korean data before running simulations for locations in New Zealand. In New Zealand, T. Palmi was predicted to be able to over-winter outdoors in warmer areas but, if greenhouse populations establish, these could give rise to outdoor populations during summer in almost all areas investigated

  • Thrips Palmi potential survival and population growth in New Zealand
    New Zealand Plant Protection, 2005
    Co-Authors: A. E. A. Stephens, P. R. Dentener
    Abstract:

    Thrips Palmi Karny is a major pest of various crops in many countries It does not occur in New Zealand but could be imported on ornamental plants or vegetables and is potentially a serious threat Characterising the likely population growth and development of T Palmi under New Zealand conditions may assist with any eradication or long term management stemming from an incursion In northern Asia T Palmi overwinters in the field in warmer areas while in cooler areas it overwinters in glasshouses which act as a source of infestation each spring A simple model was created using the DYMEX population modelling software and previously published parameters It was modified to fit Japanese and Korean data before running simulations for locations in New Zealand In New Zealand T Palmi was predicted to be able to overwinter outdoors in warmer areas but if greenhouse populations establish these could give rise to outdoor populations during summer in almost all areas investigated

  • Thrips Palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae): could it survive in New Zealand?
    New Zealand Plant Protection, 2002
    Co-Authors: P. R. Dentener, D.c. Whiting, P.g. Connolly
    Abstract:

    Melon Thrips (Thrips Palmi Karny) is one of several Risk Group 2 pests on New Zealand MAF Biosecurity Authority’s list of unwanted pests. Its wide host plant range, and its presence world-wide, including several countries in the Pacific region, underpin its biosecurity status. In this case study we used CLIMEX, a climate matching software program, to determine likely locations in New Zealand where melon Thrips could establish once introduced. Possible establishment was based on climate match with overseas locations where melon Thrips is present, and on a range of biological parameters specific to the response of melon Thrips to climatic conditions. The upper North Island is predicted to be most suited to melon Thrips establishment. This also matches the known New Zealand distribution of HercinoThrips bicinctus, banana Thrips, a species found worldwide in locations similar to that of melon Thrips .

Y. B. Basavaraj - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Keith F. A. Walters - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Identification of the Aggregation Pheromone of the Melon Thrips, Thrips Palmi
    2016
    Co-Authors: Sudhakar V. S. Akella, Keith F. A. Walters, William D. J. Kirk, Tamotsu Murai, James G. C. Hamilton
    Abstract:

    The objective of this study was to identify the aggregation pheromone of the melon Thrips Thrips Palmi, a major pest of vegetable and ornamental plants around the world. The species causes damage both through feeding activities and as a vector of tospoviruses, and is a threat to world trade and European horticulture. Improved methods of detecting and controlling this species are needed and the identification of an aggregation pheromone will contribute to this requirement. Bioassays with a Y-tube olfactometer showed that virgin female T. Palmi were attracted to the odour of live males, but not to that of live females, and that mixed-age adults of both sexes were attracted to the odour of live males, indicating the presence of a male-produced aggregation pheromone. Examination of the headspace volatiles of adult male T. Palmi revealed only one compound that was not found in adult females. It was identified by comparison of its mass spectrum and chromatographic details with those of similar compounds. This compound had a structure like that of the previously identified male-produced aggregation pheromone of the western flower Thrips Frankliniella occidentalis. The compound was synthesised and tested in eggplant crops infested with T. Palmi in Japan. Significantly greater numbers of both males and females were attracted to traps baited with the putative aggregation pheromone compared to unbaited traps. The aggregation pheromone of T. Palmi is thus identified as (R)-lavandulyl 3-methyl-3-butenoate by spectroscopic

  • Identification of the aggregation pheromone of the melon Thrips, Thrips Palmi.
    PLoS ONE, 2014
    Co-Authors: Sudhakar V. S. Akella, Keith F. A. Walters, William D. J. Kirk, Tamotsu Murai, Yao Bin Lu, James G. C. Hamilton
    Abstract:

    The objective of this study was to identify the aggregation pheromone of the melon Thrips Thrips Palmi, a major pest of vegetable and ornamental plants around the world. The species causes damage both through feeding activities and as a vector of tospoviruses, and is a threat to world trade and European horticulture. Improved methods of detecting and controlling this species are needed and the identification of an aggregation pheromone will contribute to this requirement. Bioassays with a Y-tube olfactometer showed that virgin female T. Palmi were attracted to the odour of live males, but not to that of live females, and that mixed-age adults of both sexes were attracted to the odour of live males, indicating the presence of a male-produced aggregation pheromone. Examination of the headspace volatiles of adult male T. Palmi revealed only one compound that was not found in adult females. It was identified by comparison of its mass spectrum and chromatographic details with those of similar compounds. This compound had a structure like that of the previously identified male-produced aggregation pheromone of the western flower Thrips Frankliniella occidentalis. The compound was synthesised and tested in eggplant crops infested with T. Palmi in Japan. Significantly greater numbers of both males and females were attracted to traps baited with the putative aggregation pheromone compared to unbaited traps. The aggregation pheromone of T. Palmi is thus identified as (R)-lavandulyl 3-methyl-3-butenoate by spectroscopic, chromatographic and behavioural analysis.

  • GC/MS traces of SPME-collected headspace volatiles from Thrips Palmi.
    2014
    Co-Authors: Sudhakar V. S. Akella, Keith F. A. Walters, William D. J. Kirk, Tamotsu Murai, James G. C. Hamilton
    Abstract:

    GC/MS total ion current (TIC) traces of SPME fibre collections of the headspace volatiles from mixed-age adult females (n = 40) (upper trace F), mixed-age adult males (n = 100) (middle trace M) and larvae (n = 40) (lower trace L) of Thrips Palmi on a HP5MS column. The major male-specific compound at Rt = 17.65 min in the middle trace is indicated as peak a.

  • Catches of Thrips Palmi and Frankliniella intonsa on blue sticky traps with and without the test compound.
    2014
    Co-Authors: Sudhakar V. S. Akella, Keith F. A. Walters, William D. J. Kirk, Tamotsu Murai, James G. C. Hamilton
    Abstract:

    aTotal number of individuals caught followed, in brackets, by the mean catch per trap ±SE for the log-transformed data. Note that these standard errors include the variance between trap pairs and also between trials for the analysis of totals. They are therefore not appropriate for comparisons between test and control means. These extra variances are allowed for in the analysis of variance. Response of Thrips Palmi and Frankliniella intonsa to blue sticky traps treated with lures loaded with 30 µg (R)-lavandulyl 3-methyl-3-butenoate in 30 µl hexane (test) or 30 µl hexane (control). Key to results of analysis of variance across trials:*** = P

  • Eradication of an invasive alien pest, Thrips Palmi
    Crop Protection, 2007
    Co-Authors: R.j.c. Cannon, Keith F. A. Walters, L. Matthews, D.w. Collins, E. Agallou, P. W. Bartlett, Andrew Macleod, D.d. Slawson, A. Gaunt
    Abstract:

    Thrips Palmi Karny, the melon Thrips, is a polyphagous pest that has spread widely in tropical and subtropical regions. It is absent from Europe, although outbreaks have occurred in the Netherlands (1988–98), the UK (2000–01) and most recently Portugal (2004). An outbreak of T. Palmi occurred in Sussex in 2000. It was already well established when the UK Plant Health Service first notified. High populations were discovered in two glasshouse sites on the same nursery, growing all-year-round chrysanthemums. An intensive, largely chemically based eradication programme was carried out, with applications of aerosol ‘space’ treatments, systemic and foliar insecticides. Other measures included the use of sticky yellow sheets, methyl bromide fumigation of flowerbeds and plastic mulches. Together, these controls resulted in the collapse of the outbreak, within 7 months. Eradication was subsequently declared after freedom from the pest had occurred over two complete cropping cycles.