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Laurence A. Mound - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Thysanoptera-Terebrantia of the Hawaiian Islands: an identification manual
ZooKeys, 2016Co-Authors: Laurence A. Mound, Sueo Nakahara, Dick M. TsudaAbstract:An illustrated identification system is presented to 99 species and 49 genera in three families recorded from the Hawaiian Islands in the Thysanoptera suborder Terebrantia. Only seven (possibly eight) of these species are considered endemic, the remainder being adventive to these islands. The only previous study of Hawaiian Thysanoptera, by Zimmerman in 1948, included 47 Terebrantia species in 21 genera.
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The Confused Identity of Frankliniella williamsi (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)
Florida Entomologist, 2016Co-Authors: Cheryle A. O’donnell, Laurence A. MoundAbstract:Abstract Details of the variation in the pronotal chaetotaxy among the type specimens of Frankliniella williamsi Hood and Frankliniella spinosa Moulton (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) are provided. We reject the recent revalidation of F. spinosa and conclude that the corn thrips, F. williamsi, is a single, variable species.
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Thysanoptera (Insecta) of Barrow Island, Western Australia
2013Co-Authors: Laurence A. MoundAbstract:Almost 50 species of the insect order Thysanoptera are here listed from Barrow Island, Western Australia, of which several are known only from this island. This cannot be interpreted as indicating that any species is endemic to the island, because almost nothing is known of the Thysanoptera fauna of the nearby mainland.
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Chapter 254 – Thysanoptera
Encyclopedia of Insects, 2009Co-Authors: Laurence A. MoundAbstract:Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the Thysanoptera, there are 6000 described species of Thysanoptera, the thrips, exhibit a wide range of biologies. About 50% feed only on fungi, with most of these feeding on hyphae but some on spores. Of the remainder, approximately equal numbers feed either in flowers or on green leaves; a few are obligate predators on other small arthropods. Reproduction in thrips is haplodiploid, which involves males developing from unfertilized eggs and having one-half the number of chromosomes of females. Despite this, several thrips species can produce females from unfertilized eggs, a process known as thelytoky. Several opportunist species are crop pests, causing feeding damage and vectoring tospoviruses, but sometimes acting as beneficials by feeding on other pest arthropods. Thrips have unique asymmetric mouthparts involving only one mandible, a life history that is intermediate between those of the hemi- and the holometabola, and a haplodiploid sex control system. Many thrips species exhibit complex behavioral patterns including lekking, fighting, and eusociality, and in the tropics many species induce galls on leaves.
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Thysanoptera of Southeastern U.S.A.: A checklist for Florida and Georgia
Zootaxa, 2008Co-Authors: Stan Diffie, G. B. Edwards, Laurence A. MoundAbstract:A list is presented of 275 species of the Order Thysanoptera known from Florida and 202 species from Georgia; only 122 of these species are from both states. The list was compiled from museum collections, literature reviews, and records of recent introductions. More than 60 exotic species are from the Caribbean basin, with a few recently introduced species from the Oriental region. The lack of available North American faunal information concerning thrips is emphasized (this being derived from haphazard collecting and in only a few areas), as well as the lack of reliable literature for identifying native North American Thysanoptera.
Milica Kač - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Distribution of Aeolothrips intermedius Bagnall (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae) and its potential prey Thysanoptera species on different cultivated host plants
Journal of Pest Science, 2005Co-Authors: Stanislav Trdan, Ljiljana Andjus, Emilija Raspudić, Milica KačAbstract:The results of the monitoring of Thysanoptera species on cultivated plants in Slovenia (2000-2001), Croatia (1994-1996), and Serbia and Montenegro (1988-2003) are presented in this study. The aim of the investigation was to study the host plant distribution of the predator Aeolothrips intermedius Bagnall and its potential prey. Banded thrips were found on 30 different host plant species belonging to 16 botanical families, always in mixed populations with phytophagous or facultative phytophagous insects (including 18 Thysanoptera species). On the vegetative parts of the cultivated plants, banded thrips were found less numerous in spite of the massive population of some harmful thrips species. This indicates highly important role of pollen as alternative food for Aeolothrips intermedius.
Andre Nel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Redefining the Thripida (Insecta: Paraneoptera)
Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 2014Co-Authors: Patricia Nel, Axel P. Retana-salazar, Dany Azar, Andre Nel, Di-ying HuangAbstract:The Thysanoptera (Paraneoptera) constitute a very diverse order of minute insects, characterized mainly by a `punch-and-suck' mode of feeding due to a specialized asymmetrical gnathal apparatus with two maxillary stylets plus only one functional mandible. We have studied their fossil relatives from the Thripida family sensu Vishniakova (1981) and Zherikhin (2002), as revised by Nel et al. (2012a), in order to identify new morphological characters and help to polarize some of the characters present in the Thysanoptera. Here we present perfectly preserved specimens from the Middle Jurassic Daohugou beds of China, approximately 165 million years old, belonging to three new species and one new genus of Lophioneurida (Thripida): Lophiosina lini gen. et sp. nov., Undacypha bournieri sp. nov. and Undacypha kreiteri sp. nov. Precise analysis of the fossil heads revealed two ancestral mandibular sclerites that can still be found modified in the Recent thrips mouthcone, although in different ways in the two suborders of Thysanoptera, Terebrantia and Tubulifera. Their absence from the left side of the mouthcone of Terebrantia is a morphological apomorphy for this suborder. Studying fossils also allows us to inform the evolution of Thysanoptera in the deep past. Here we show that some of the characters usually thought to be apomorphies for Thysanoptera are instead apomorphies for all Thripida; this is the case for the typical gnathal apparatus but also for the eversible arolium and the fringe hairs. This leads us to redefine the Thysanoptera within the Thripida.
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From Carboniferous to Recent: wing venation enlightens evolution of Thysanopteran lineage
Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 2012Co-Authors: Patricia Nel, Dany Azar, Jakub Prokop, Patrick Roques, Gilbert Hodebert, Andre NelAbstract:Recent Thysanoptera are characterized by two pairs of slender wings fringed by long hairs and with reduced venation. Fossils presenting more complete venation have been used in earlier studies to link Thysanoptera to `Zoropsocinae', which form with `Lophioneurinae' the `Lophioneuridae', an extinct family of the superorder Thripida. On the basis of one new Carboniferous fossil described herein, Westphalothripides oudardi sp. nov. (Westphalothripidesidae fam. nov.), as well as new Cretaceous fossils, we revise the current interpretation of venation in Thripida and propose new cladistic analyses, which divide this superorder into three clades: PanThysanoptera nov. (including `Zoropsocidae' stat. rest. and Thysanoptera), Lophioneurida (including `Lophioneurinae' and Moundthripidae), and Westphalothripidesidae. We confirm that the Thysanoptera belong to the superorder Thripida but show that `Lophioneuridae' are paraphyletic. Thanks to the venation observed in fossils, we describe a new character of the wing in some Recent species which allows them to be integrated in phylogenetic studies. Results show two clades inside Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae + Melanthripidae + Merothripidae, and Thripidae + Stenurothripidae + Fauriellidae. Phlaeothripidae could not be studied due to the absence of the diagnostic wing veins in this family. We discuss the appearance of Thripida within Paraneoptera and particularly the importance of one apomorphy, the reduction of the right mandible as a putative adaptation to spore and pollen piercing.
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Modern thrips families Thripidae and Phlaeothripidae in Early Cretaceous amber (Insecta: Thysanoptera)
Annales de la Société entomologique de France (N.S.), 2010Co-Authors: Patricia Nel, Dany Azar, Gilbert Hodebert, Enrique Peñalver, Andre NelAbstract:Two specimens of Thysanoptera with forked sensilla on third and fourth antennal segments were described from the Lebanese Neocomian and the Spanish Albian ambers, and attributed to the new genus Tethysthrips n. gen. in the family Thripidae Stevens 1829. One specimen with a tubular tenth abdominal segment was also discovered in the Lebanese Neocomian amber, and attributed to the new genus Rohrthrips n. gen. belonging to the family Phlaeothripidae Uzel 1895. Thripidae and Phlaeothripidae are nowadays the most species-rich families of Thysanoptera. The present discoveries of Early Cretaceous fossils show how diversifi ed these families and thrips already were at that time. Moreover, this tubuliferan Rohrthrips specimen has plesiomorphies no longer present in the recent genera, in particular on the wings. Therefore it brings new insight in the evolution of Tubulifera. Resume. Thripidae et Phlaeothripidae, deux familles modernes de thrips dans l'ambre du Cretace inferieur (Insecta : Thysanoptera). Deux specimens de Thysanoptera portant des sensilles fourchues sur les troisiemes et quatriemes segments antennaires ont ete decouverts dans les ambres du Neocomien du Liban et de l'Albien d'Espagne, et attribues a un nouveau genre Tethysthrips n. gen. dans la famille Thripidae Stevens 1829. Un specimen presentant un dixieme segment abdominal tubulaire a egalement ete decouvert dans l'ambre du Neocomien du Liban, et attribue au nouveau genre Rohrthrips n. gen. dans la famille Phlaeothripidae Uzel 1895. Thripidae et Phlaeothripidae sont aujourd'hui les familles de thrips les plus riches en especes. La decouverte de ces fossiles montre combien les Thysanoptera et ces familles etaient diversifi es au Cretace inferieur. De plus, Rohrthrips presente des plesiomorphies qui ne sont plus observables dans les genres actuels, en particulier sur les ailes, et apporte de nouveaux elements de comprehension de l'evolution des Tubulifera.
Patricia Nel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Redefining the Thripida (Insecta: Paraneoptera)
Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 2014Co-Authors: Patricia Nel, Axel P. Retana-salazar, Dany Azar, Andre Nel, Di-ying HuangAbstract:The Thysanoptera (Paraneoptera) constitute a very diverse order of minute insects, characterized mainly by a `punch-and-suck' mode of feeding due to a specialized asymmetrical gnathal apparatus with two maxillary stylets plus only one functional mandible. We have studied their fossil relatives from the Thripida family sensu Vishniakova (1981) and Zherikhin (2002), as revised by Nel et al. (2012a), in order to identify new morphological characters and help to polarize some of the characters present in the Thysanoptera. Here we present perfectly preserved specimens from the Middle Jurassic Daohugou beds of China, approximately 165 million years old, belonging to three new species and one new genus of Lophioneurida (Thripida): Lophiosina lini gen. et sp. nov., Undacypha bournieri sp. nov. and Undacypha kreiteri sp. nov. Precise analysis of the fossil heads revealed two ancestral mandibular sclerites that can still be found modified in the Recent thrips mouthcone, although in different ways in the two suborders of Thysanoptera, Terebrantia and Tubulifera. Their absence from the left side of the mouthcone of Terebrantia is a morphological apomorphy for this suborder. Studying fossils also allows us to inform the evolution of Thysanoptera in the deep past. Here we show that some of the characters usually thought to be apomorphies for Thysanoptera are instead apomorphies for all Thripida; this is the case for the typical gnathal apparatus but also for the eversible arolium and the fringe hairs. This leads us to redefine the Thysanoptera within the Thripida.
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From Carboniferous to Recent: wing venation enlightens evolution of Thysanopteran lineage
Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 2012Co-Authors: Patricia Nel, Dany Azar, Jakub Prokop, Patrick Roques, Gilbert Hodebert, Andre NelAbstract:Recent Thysanoptera are characterized by two pairs of slender wings fringed by long hairs and with reduced venation. Fossils presenting more complete venation have been used in earlier studies to link Thysanoptera to `Zoropsocinae', which form with `Lophioneurinae' the `Lophioneuridae', an extinct family of the superorder Thripida. On the basis of one new Carboniferous fossil described herein, Westphalothripides oudardi sp. nov. (Westphalothripidesidae fam. nov.), as well as new Cretaceous fossils, we revise the current interpretation of venation in Thripida and propose new cladistic analyses, which divide this superorder into three clades: PanThysanoptera nov. (including `Zoropsocidae' stat. rest. and Thysanoptera), Lophioneurida (including `Lophioneurinae' and Moundthripidae), and Westphalothripidesidae. We confirm that the Thysanoptera belong to the superorder Thripida but show that `Lophioneuridae' are paraphyletic. Thanks to the venation observed in fossils, we describe a new character of the wing in some Recent species which allows them to be integrated in phylogenetic studies. Results show two clades inside Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae + Melanthripidae + Merothripidae, and Thripidae + Stenurothripidae + Fauriellidae. Phlaeothripidae could not be studied due to the absence of the diagnostic wing veins in this family. We discuss the appearance of Thripida within Paraneoptera and particularly the importance of one apomorphy, the reduction of the right mandible as a putative adaptation to spore and pollen piercing.
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Modern thrips families Thripidae and Phlaeothripidae in Early Cretaceous amber (Insecta: Thysanoptera)
Annales de la Société entomologique de France (N.S.), 2010Co-Authors: Patricia Nel, Dany Azar, Gilbert Hodebert, Enrique Peñalver, Andre NelAbstract:Two specimens of Thysanoptera with forked sensilla on third and fourth antennal segments were described from the Lebanese Neocomian and the Spanish Albian ambers, and attributed to the new genus Tethysthrips n. gen. in the family Thripidae Stevens 1829. One specimen with a tubular tenth abdominal segment was also discovered in the Lebanese Neocomian amber, and attributed to the new genus Rohrthrips n. gen. belonging to the family Phlaeothripidae Uzel 1895. Thripidae and Phlaeothripidae are nowadays the most species-rich families of Thysanoptera. The present discoveries of Early Cretaceous fossils show how diversifi ed these families and thrips already were at that time. Moreover, this tubuliferan Rohrthrips specimen has plesiomorphies no longer present in the recent genera, in particular on the wings. Therefore it brings new insight in the evolution of Tubulifera. Resume. Thripidae et Phlaeothripidae, deux familles modernes de thrips dans l'ambre du Cretace inferieur (Insecta : Thysanoptera). Deux specimens de Thysanoptera portant des sensilles fourchues sur les troisiemes et quatriemes segments antennaires ont ete decouverts dans les ambres du Neocomien du Liban et de l'Albien d'Espagne, et attribues a un nouveau genre Tethysthrips n. gen. dans la famille Thripidae Stevens 1829. Un specimen presentant un dixieme segment abdominal tubulaire a egalement ete decouvert dans l'ambre du Neocomien du Liban, et attribue au nouveau genre Rohrthrips n. gen. dans la famille Phlaeothripidae Uzel 1895. Thripidae et Phlaeothripidae sont aujourd'hui les familles de thrips les plus riches en especes. La decouverte de ces fossiles montre combien les Thysanoptera et ces familles etaient diversifi es au Cretace inferieur. De plus, Rohrthrips presente des plesiomorphies qui ne sont plus observables dans les genres actuels, en particulier sur les ailes, et apporte de nouveaux elements de comprehension de l'evolution des Tubulifera.
Kambiz Minaei - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Thrips (Insecta, Thysanoptera) of Iran: a revised and updated checklist
ZooKeys, 2013Co-Authors: Kambiz MinaeiAbstract:In Iran, as a result of recent changes in nomenclature 201 species and one species group of the insect Order Thysanoptera, are here listed in 70 genera and five families. In considering species listed previously from this country, the presence of 7 species is considered not confirmed, and 12 species are excluded from the Iranian list. Problems in the study of Iranian Thysanoptera are discussed briefly.
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An illustrated key to the genera of Thripinae (Thysanoptera, Thripidae) from Iran.
ZooKeys, 2013Co-Authors: Majid Mirab-balou, Kambiz Minaei, Xue-xin ChenAbstract:An illustrated key is provided for the identification of 35 genera of Thripinae (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) from Iran with comments for each genus. Chirothrips maximi Ananthakrishnan and Limothrips cerealium Haliday are recorded from Iran for the first time. A checklist is provided of Thripinae recorded from this country.
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The southern Palaearctic genus Neoheegeria (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae): redefinition and key to species
Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 2007Co-Authors: Kambiz Minaei, Parvaneh Azemayeshfard, Laurence A. MoundAbstract:The generic name Neoheegeria Schmutz, 1909 in the Thysanoptera family Phlaeothripidae has been interpreted in a variety of ways by subsequent authors. The original species placed in this genus, N. dalmatica Schmutz, 1909, is phytophagous, feeding and breeding in the flowers of various Lamiaceae in countries of the southern Palaearctic region. In contrast, Moulton & Steinweden (1933), and Moulton (1944), described species in Neoheegeria that are now recognised as spore-feeding thrips in the subfamily Idolothripinae, and several other species that were placed originally in this genus are now removed to other genera (Table 1). Mound (1968) suggested that Neoheegeria should be restricted to a particular group of species, but subsequently (Mound 2005) placed all Neoheegeria species in the genus Haplothrips Amyot & Serville, 1843. This type of confusion in the taxonomy of the Thysanoptera arises from three sources: lack of precision in defining taxonomic character-states and their variation within and between populations, inadequate field sampling resulting in limited knowledge of the biology of so many species, and description of new The southern Palaearctic genus Neoheegeria (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae): redefinition and key to species
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Australian thrips of the Haplothrips lineage (Insecta: Thysanoptera)
Journal of Natural History, 2007Co-Authors: Laurence A. Mound, Kambiz MinaeiAbstract:Keys are presented to the 11 genera and 50 species, including 21 new species, of Thysanoptera in Australia that are related to the worldwide genus Haplothrips Amyot and Serville. These taxa belong to what, in recent literature, has been called the “Haplothrips‐lineage”, that is, one of the three major radiations among the 2700 species and 350 genera of Thysanoptera Phlaeothripinae. The group is redefined, and the available tribal name Haplothripini shown to be appropriate. The character states on which the definition is based are discussed, and a list given of the 34 genera worldwide that can be included. The Australian species in these genera exhibit a diversity of biologies. Three genera involve species that invade galls induced by other thrips: Androthrips monsterae (Moulton) from New Guinea is newly recorded from Australia; Mesothrips jordani Zimmermann from South‐East Asia is newly recorded from Australia, with two new synonyms; the Asia‐Pacific genus, Euoplothrips Hood, includes two species in north...
